CN106358986A - Water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system applicable to alpine and gorge regions - Google Patents
Water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system applicable to alpine and gorge regions Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358986A CN106358986A CN201610748203.8A CN201610748203A CN106358986A CN 106358986 A CN106358986 A CN 106358986A CN 201610748203 A CN201610748203 A CN 201610748203A CN 106358986 A CN106358986 A CN 106358986A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
- A01M7/0014—Field atomisers, e.g. orchard atomisers, self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system applicable to alpine and gorge regions. The water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system is composed of a water storage system, a head facility management room, pressure reducing tanks, an irrigation system, a water drainage well and a pipeline, wherein the water storage system comprises a sedimentation basin and a clean water tank; the head facility management room is communicated with the clean water tank through a main pipe and the terrain of the head facility management room is lower than that of the clean water tank; the height change of plots of a mountain land is great, the pressure reducing tanks are arranged on corresponding irrigation regions, so as to prevent a pipeline from being damaged due to too great partial pressure; the pressure reducing tank is communicated with the head facility management room or the former grade of pressure reducing tank; the terrain of the former grade of pressure reducing tank is higher than that of the next grade of pressure reducing tank; and the pipeline comprises a main pipe, a water distribution main pipe and a valve. According to the water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system, the sedimentation basin and the clean water tank and the like are built at a high-altitude part of a mountain region, so that water resources of the mountain region can be developed and utilized to a maximum degree, and the problem of seasonal drought and water shortage of the mountain region is solved and the utilization rate of rainfall resources is increased; and a high-cost way of pumping water from river valleys for irrigating in a manner of adopting a pumping irrigation station is not used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fertigation field of engineering technology of water-saving fertilizer-saving, more particularly, to one kind are applied to high mountain gorge ground
The water-fertilizer integral irrigation system in area.
Background technology
West Sichuan plateau is located at East Side of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, and this area's sunshine is sufficient, and dry and wet season is clearly demarcated, and it is dry season that whole year has 7 months,
Rainfall is less, and evaporation capacity is 2.5 times of rainfall.Because west Sichuan plateau topography and geomorphology is complicated, Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil is poor,
Surface water is difficult to put aside, and soil erosion face is big, and the restriction of the precipitation gene basis facility condition in rainy season can not be effectively retained and utilize,
And dry season drought and water shortage, cause the agricultural production of locality and the lives of the people very big to weather dependency, substantially eat by sky
Meal, and more than current arid area using with pumping irrigation station in the form of from river valley draw water the method irrigated for a varied topography,
The big high-mountain gorge areas of the gradient, because lift is big, high cost and actual operation is not strong, the precipitation to highlandss rainy season simultaneously
Resource does not also utilize well.In addition west Sichuan plateau area, because hydropenia, leads to fertilizer to be difficult to be absorbed and used by plants, and easily
Severe contamination is caused to soil.In addition to west Sichuan plateau, a lot of hydropenia such as the Northwest of China, Qinghai-Tibet Platean, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
Plateau place equally face identical predicament.
In recent years, application in China's arable farming for the water-fertilizer integral micro irrigation technology is more and more wider, and it can effectively improve
Water and fertilizer utilization, thus reaching the purpose of water-saving fertilizer-saving, but current water-fertilizer integral micro irrigation technology is only in plains region or the gradient
Less mountain area is promoted the use of, and in high-mountain gorge areas, because its height above sea level, the gradient are big, with a varied topography, growing area dispersion does not also have
A set of suitable complete water-fertilizer integral irrigation system is had to be available for promoting the use of.
Yunnan Reascend Tobacco Tech.(Group) Co., Ltd. is in 2,011 01 28 apllied Application No.
201110031452.2 " a kind of irrigation system being applied to plateau mountain area ", a kind of irrigation system being applied to plateau mountain area carries
For be a kind of diversion being applied to plateau mountain area, water-retention, water-saving irrigation system, this system using from the principle of pressure, with defeated
Water in reservoir higher for physical features or streams is introduced in the relatively low cistern of physical features waterpipe, then the water in cistern is introduced
To in the lower water cellar one by one of physical features, irrigation system is connected with cistern or water cellar again, formation one different length, difference
The reservoir in mountain area or streams, pond, water cellar, irrigation system pipe network are filled the automatic irrigation system that stake couples together by the pipe network of thickness
System.This system has accomplished " water on mountain is stayed use on mountain, water next year in this year is used, little water collects together into flood use ", to greatest extent
Utilize water resource.But this application does not describe in detail and how solves in High aititude, and the gradient is big, with a varied topography, planting area
Irrigation pipe network is laid in scattered mountain area, realizes the problem of each plantation plot uniform irrigation.
Content of the invention
Being of the problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of water-fertilizer integral being applied to high-mountain gorge areas to irrigate system
System, overcomes above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, by by physical relief physical features, effectively by high spring water, snow water etc.
Natural precipitation is collected accumulation and is got up, and is assigned to each plantation plot, thus solving high-mountain gorge areas hydropenia use, difficult the asking of fertilising
Topic, and improve water and fertilizer utilization.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas, by water storage system, stem facilities management room,
Pressure release pond, irrigation system, gully and pipeline are constituted；Described water storage system includes sedimentation tank and clear water reserviors, sedimentation tank physical features
Higher than clear water reserviors, by diversion irrigation canals and ditches, the streams water on mountain top is introduced after sedimentation tank precipitation, then will by diversion irrigation canals and ditches or supervisor
Water in sedimentation tank introduces clear water reserviors；Described stem facilities management room is passed through supervisor and is connected with clear water reserviors, and its physical features is less than clear
Pond, is mainly used in installing and irrigates stem system, including irrigation control, filtration system, network security protection etc.；Due to mountain region ground
The block discrepancy in elevation changes greatly, sets up pressure release pond to damage pipeline to prevent local pressure excessive in corresponding irrigation district, and pressure release pond is by leading
Pipe connection stem facilities management room or upper level pressure release pond, upper level pressure release pond physical features is higher than next stage pressure release pond；Described filling
The system of irrigating includes micro-sprinkler irrigation system or drip irrigation or infiltrating irrigation system, is made up of irrigation pipe network, fertilizer injector and valve, by a point water supervisor
Connection stem facilities management room or pressure release pond；Described gully is located at each section irrigation system tail end lowest part correct position,
For winter evacuated tube internal water accumulation, prevent winter from freezing and pipeline breaking；Described pipeline includes supervisor, point water supervisor and valve
Door, is connected by supervisor between sedimentation tank, clear water reserviors, stem facilities management room and pressure release pond at different levels, and irrigation system is by a point water master
Pipe is connected with stem facilities management room or pressure release pond.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, this irrigation system
Water intaking source be mountain top streams water, using gravity from press, pipeline water delivery reduce pressure pressure regualted irrigation.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, due to mountain region ground
Gesture is narrow, depending on sedimentation tank is built because of physical features, if length limited system built by sedimentation tank, designs the multi stage precipitation of terrace-type, such as
Fruit is built place length and meets, and can repair a sedimentation tank；The inhalant region of sedimentation tank and exhalant region use trash rack and stainless respectively
Steel drainage screen net intercepts debris.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, the going out of clear water reserviors
Mouth of a river stainless steel filter screen blocks dirt, and arranges sewage draining exit below outlet, overflows water and repaiies diversion irrigation canals and ditches drain.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, stem facility pipe
The filtration system in reason room is stainless steel filter screen+sandrock filter+laminated filter three-stage filtration, in laminated filter two ends peace
Fill two pressure gauges, be connected with filter water inlet and outlet, for monitoring the pressure of irrigation system and judging filter
Clean-up performance and clearance time.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, subtracts at each
Pressure pond is installed not to the water outlet of next stage pressure release pond water delivery and each pressure release pond to the water inlet irrigating section water delivery
Rust steel drainage screen, arranges sewage draining exit below pressure release pond outlet.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, if mountain area plantation
Area concentrates on different height above sea level regions, in dispersion plantation, can divide different irrigation districts according to landform and plantation distribution, set simultaneously
Found corresponding pressure release pond, and according to the different corresponding irrigation pipe networks of cell arrangements of pouring water in irrigation district, be to reduce to use during irrigation
The interval rotation flow of the practicable Different Irrigation of water contradiction.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, lays irrigation pipe
During net, in the plot that physical features is more flat, irrigation pipe is along plantation row laying；In relief more uniform slope plot, using contour
Line layout rows are to along plantation row laying drip irrigation pipe；Press it is difficult to carry out selecting of equal pitch contour arrangement in the larger plot of relief
Force compensating is irrigated.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, in irrigation pipe network
Stem sets up intake, fertilizer injeciton opening；Intake convenient fertilising water intaking, such as piece plastic tube of reconnection can achieve pours fixed and other use
Way pour water, fertilizer injeciton opening connect fertilizer injector, carry out water-fertilizer integral irrigation it can also be used to root perfusion or blade face spray etc. function,
Fertilizer injeciton opening fertilizer solution need to carry out filtration treatment, and fertilizer injector can select complete set of equipments according to situation, including the fertile power of note and fertilizer mistake
Filter in one, also can be separately provided solution filter.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, due to mountain region ground
The block discrepancy in elevation changes greatly, and for ensureing the uniformity of irrigation water appilcation of each cell of pouring water, can install in the stem of cell of respectively pouring water can be with pressure regulation
The pressure regulator valve of (decompression), after irrigation pipe network installs, pressure regulation sets the stem desirable pressure value of all cells of pouring water respectively.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, in clear water reserviors, head
It is respectively mounted automatic inlet-outlet valve and stop valve on the supervisor of portion facilities management room and pressure release pond outlet at different levels and point water supervisor, and
Set up corresponding valve well so that management maintenance.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, irrigates networking
Irrigate, fetch water, the fertile ball valve that may be selected of note controls, the optional ball-cock assembly of water inlet of pressure release pond controls, and the water inlet of gully can
Select drain valve to control, select other valves also dependent on practical situation.
A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas of the present invention, further, pipe laying will
Ask (smooth, structure consolidation) tiling on the basis of ground is preferable, soft location needs to tamp, if basic poor, topography variation
Greatly, to reinforce etc. and to deal carefully with；At pipeline connection and interconnection, should anchor block be set, mixed cement mortar is processed.
The present invention has the advantage that
1st, the present invention, by building sedimentation tank, clear water reserviors etc. at the High aititude of mountain area, can develop to greatest extent
The water source in mountain area, rainfall resource accumulation is got up, is used in dry season drought again, solves mountain area seasonal drought
The problem of hydropenia, and improve the utilization rate of rainfall resource, and not in order to high cost for cost in the form of pumping irrigation station from river
Paddy is drawn water and is irrigated.
2nd, the present invention divides different irrigation districts according to height above sea level landform and plantation distribution, sets up corresponding pressure release pond simultaneously,
When laying irrigation pipe network, treatment in accordance with local conditions, classification design, slope land is taken equal pitch contour design, vary in different localities simultaneously and select respectively
Irrigated with common slight irrigation or pressure compensation slight irrigation, effectively solve high-mountain gorge areas because height above sea level, the gradient are big, landform is multiple
The difficult problem of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system that situations such as miscellaneous, growing area disperses brings laying, creates and a set of is applied to height
The water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of waterway between mountains Canyon.
3rd, effectively utilizes mountain top of the present invention natural water resource, during water delivery, defeated from pressure principle using ground potential difference
Water, decreases being suitable for of the equipment such as compression pump, has saved cost and the energy.
4th, the present invention adopts water-fertilizer integral irrigation technique, improves water and fertilizer utilization, has reached the purpose of water-saving fertilizer-saving,
The stable yields, volume increase and the quality that are conducive to crop improve, and can improve the physicochemical property of soil simultaneously, save labour, mitigate
Labor intensity.
5th, the present invention can be run off seriously with effectively solving high-mountain gorge areas rainy season precipitation, and producing level is low, and dry season does
The use aqueous condition of non-irrigated hydropenia and the low problem of utilization rate of fertilizer, provide sound assurance for high-mountain gorge areas agricultural production.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village Fructus Vitis viniferae water-fertilizer integral irrigation system general illustration；
Fig. 2 is sedimentation tank structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village a irrigated area schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village b irrigated area schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village c irrigated area schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village d irrigated area schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is gully mounting structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is valve well mounting structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is each plot in field provided in an embodiment of the present invention pipeline configuration schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 19 and specific embodiment the invention will be further described.It will be appreciated that following concrete realities
Apply example only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment: Sichuan Province Aba Prefecture Jinchuan County Se Er ridge village Fructus Vitis viniferae water-fertilizer integral irrigation scheme
Se Er ridge village is located in west Sichuan plateau, and in year, rainfall was mainly distributed on for 4 October, accounts for the 91% of annual rainfall, year
All precipitation 616.2mm, evaporation capacity 1500mm, evaporation capacity is big.There is abundant mountain spring water resource in mountain area, but due to infrastructure condition
Restriction fails preferable effectively utilizes, thus often have the winter to do, spring drought and dry season, so this area yet suffers from interim water shortage problem
Impact agricultural production.In 2294.99m 2881.03m, landform is slope terrain to Se Er ridge village wine-growing region height above sea level, multistage
Tableland, plot is commonly irregularly abnormity ground, and ground height rises and falls, poor flatness, and its soil is mostly yellow sand soil, and soil layer is relatively
Deep, soil characteristic is that wetting velocity is medium, and preservation capacity of water and fertility is poor.This area's annual minimum temperature is about 20 DEG C, and frozen soil layer is about
40cm.
Fig. 1 shows Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village Fructus Vitis viniferae water-fertilizer integral irrigation system general illustration.
The system is made up of water storage system, stem facilities management room, pressure release pond, irrigation system, gully and pipeline.The system is using weight
Power is from pressure, pipeline water delivery decompression pressure regualted irrigation.
Water storage system includes sedimentation tank and clear water reserviors, and the water intaking source of the system is high mountain long stream spring water, and water quality is limpider,
Have abundant water resources, can guarantee that growing area irrigation water.There is one above the northeastward of wine-growing region at height above sea level 3042.94m
1000 cistern can be used as clear water reserviors.Sedimentation tank is built on clear water reserviors, and physical features is higher than clear water reserviors, will by diversion irrigation canals and ditches
After the streams water on mountain top introduces sedimentation tank precipitation, then the water in sedimentation tank is introduced by clear water reserviors by diversion irrigation canals and ditches or supervisor,
Fig. 2 shows sedimentation tank structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Because mountain region physical features is narrow, sedimentation tank is repaiied
The length limited system of building, design terraced fields form two-stage precipitation, after water flows into sedimentation tank, flow velocity reduces beneficial to sandstone sedimentation, sedimentation tank
The long 6m of specification × wide 2 2.2m × high 1.2m/ is individual, and the inhalant region of sedimentation tank and exhalant region use trash rack, 20 mesh stainless (steel) wires respectively
Intercept debris, the outlet of clear water reserviors blocks dirt with 30 mesh stainless steel filter screen, and sewage draining exit, clear water reserviors are set below outlet
Overflow water and repair diversion irrigation canals and ditches drain.
Stem facilities management room is passed through supervisor and is connected with clear water reserviors, and its physical features is less than clear water reserviors, selects in height above sea level 2850m
2855m correct position is built, area 20, high 2.2 2.5m, and rectangle is built.Management house is mainly used in installing irrigates stem system
System, including irrigation control, filtration system, official website safeguard protection etc..Stem selects solarium's filtration+sandstone of stainless steel to filter
Device+laminated filter three-stage filtration, solarium filters and selects 30 mesh stainless (steel) wires, the larger impurity of main filtration；Sandrock filter
From manual backwashing carbon steel sandrock filter, dn150 flow 160m3/ h, main filtration float etc.；Laminated filter is selected
Manual backwashing filter device, dn150 flow 160m3/ h, 130 μm of filtering accuracy, water-supply-pipe is respectively mounted 1 according to pipe diameter size
Very little 6 cun are not waited laminated filter, the tiny debris of main filtration, a small amount of algae.Because stem facilities management room is built on mountain, do not have
There is power supply, convenient automatic backwashing filter is selected in inconvenience, big region cleaning filter is made troubles for public irrigation, because
This arranges personal management's cleaning to stem filtration system.At laminated filtering equipment two ends, two pressure gauges are installed, enter with filter
The mouth of a river is connected with outlet, for monitoring the pressure of irrigation system and judging clean-up performance and the clearance time of filter.
Because the mountain region plot discrepancy in elevation changes greatly, pressure release pond is set up to damage to prevent local pressure excessive in corresponding irrigation district
Bad pipeline, by being responsible for connection stem facilities management room or upper level pressure release pond, upper level pressure release pond physical features is higher than next to pressure release pond
Level pressure release pond.Defeated to irrigating section to the water outlet of next stage pressure release pond water delivery and each pressure release pond in each pressure release pond
The water inlet of water installs 30 mesh stainless steel filter screen, arranges sewage draining exit below pressure release pond outlet.
In conjunction with local conditions, treatment in accordance with local conditions, Se Er ridge village grape crop is irrigated and is adopted drip irrigation, and irrigation technique parameter is such as
Under:
Slight irrigation ground moistening ratio: p=45 50%
Slight irrigation Water application rate: η=0.90
Design uniformity of irrigation water appilcation: eu >=80%
Design day water supply intensity: i=5mm
Design depth of wetted soil: 0.6m >=z >=0.5m
Irrigation system (dropper system) is made up of irrigation pipe network, fertilizer injector and valve, is set by point water supervisor's connection stem
Apply management house or pressure release pond.It is 2.0l/h that drip irrigation adopts flow, and dripper spacing is 0.4m, and caliber is 1.6cm, and wall thickness is 1.0cm.
Design irrigation pipe is insert emitter, and, in the range of 0.08-0.25mpa, flow is essentially identical for operating pressure, often the laying of row Fructus Vitis viniferae
A piece dropper, is less than 105m according to GB prescription maximum laying length.
Fig. 3-6 shows Se Er ridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention village a, b, c, d irrigated area schematic diagram.Because Se Er ridge village is
Mountain topography, grape growing region is relatively concentrated in Different Altitude region, with peasant household for unit dispersion plantation, total irrigated area
766.61 mu, according to landform and plantation distribution, it is divided into 4 irrigation districts, i.e. a, b, c, d irrigated area, 583.46 mu of a irrigated area, is divided into again
Five irrigation sections of a1, a2, a3, a4, a5；44.86 mu of b irrigated area；127.73 mu of c irrigated area；10.56 mu of d irrigated area, and fill for each
Irrigate section and set up corresponding pressure release pond.Whole irrigated area is divided into 14 rotation flow groups, about 55 mu of each rotation flow group, every natural gift morning, under
Two rounds of noon, avoid the noon temperature higher period and irrigate, can complete 110 mu of grape irrigations daily, whole irrigated area completes for 7 days
One rotation irrigation cycle.Because irrigated area is made up of multiple scattered peasant households unit, each rotation flow group is freely consulted to combine by peasant household, with
One rotation flow group avoids same irrigation district as far as possible, reduces and uses water contradiction.The rotation flow time has peasant household to consult to determine.
During laying irrigation pipe network, in the plot that physical features is more flat, irrigation pipe is along plantation row laying；More uniform in relief
Slope plot, using equal pitch contour layout rows to along plantation row laying drip irrigation pipe；In the larger plot of relief it is difficult to carry out
The selection pressure compensation of equal pitch contour arrangement is irrigated, and pe pipe is installed pressure-compensating water dropper.
Set up one in the irrigation pipe network stem of each plot (or Planting household plot of relatively concentration) cell of pouring waterTake
The mouth of a river,Ball valve controls, convenient fertilising water intaking, such as reconnects a plastic tube and can achieve that pouring fixed and other purposes pours water.Peasant household
Require the independent rich water quality management of each Planting household, therefore pour water Cell Setup one in each plot (or Planting household plot of relatively concentration)Fertilizer injeciton opening, ball valve controls, and connects fertilizer injector, carries out water-fertilizer integral irrigation it can also be used to root perfusion or blade face spray
Etc. function, fertilizer injeciton opening fertilizer solution need to carry out filtration treatment, due to peasant household's dispersion it is considered to equipment uses and management level difference
Greatly, the factor such as Financial cost and maintenance cost, fertilizer injector selects complete set of equipments, filters in one with fertilizer including the fertile power of note.
Because the mountain region plot discrepancy in elevation changes greatly, for ensureing the uniformity of irrigation water appilcation of each cell of pouring water, in cell of respectively pouring water
Stem is installed on the pressure value required by being made it stable in irrigation system with the pressure regulator of pressure regulation (decompression) function.Adjust
Pressure valve size selects according to each plot pipe diameter size, and specification existsBetween.After irrigation pipe network installs, pressure regulation sets respectively
The stem desirable pressure of fixed all cells of pouring water.
Fig. 7 shows gully mounting structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Irrigation district is high altitude regions, the winter
There is accumulated snow season, pipe internal water accumulation easily causes pipeline burst, therefore each section irrigation system tail end lowest part correct position, draining is set
Well, before frost is arrived in the winter time, water in pipe network is drained, prevents pipeline breaking.Gully brick mix structure is it is desirable to safety is steady
Gu, size is advisable with facilitating people's operation.
Pipeline includes supervisor, point water supervisor and valve, sedimentation tank, clear water reserviors, stem facilities management room and pressure release pond at different levels
Between connected by supervisor, irrigation system is connected with stem facilities management room or pressure release pond by point water supervisor.
Fig. 8 shows valve well mounting structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.In clear water reserviors, stem facilities management
It is respectively mounted automatic inlet-outlet valve and stop valve, this is big according to caliber on the supervisor of room and pressure release pond outlet at different levels and point water supervisor
Little not etc. do not select 1 " 3 " dg 010 automatic inlet-outlet valve, and set up corresponding valve well so that management maintenance.Irrigate the filling at networking
Irrigate, fetch water, noting fertile selection ball valve control, specification determines according to filling footpath size, field irrigation valve caliber is more thanFrom cut-off
Valve.The water inlet of pressure release pond selects ball-cock assembly to control, and the water inlet of gully selects drain valve to control.
Fig. 9 shows each plot in field provided in an embodiment of the present invention pipeline configuration schematic diagram.The one-level of irrigation pipe network is propped up
10 20cm are buried, two grades of arms are layed in ground, connection dropper completes to irrigate, and supervisor is embedded under frozen soil layer, that is, subsurface is about under pipe
50cm.Pipe laying requires (smooth, structure consolidation) tiling on the basis of ground is preferable, and soft location needs to tamp, if base
Plinth is poor, and topography variation is big, will reinforce etc. and to deal carefully with；Should anchor block be set, at mixed cement mortar at pipeline connection and interconnection
Reason.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system being applied to high-mountain gorge areas is it is characterised in that set by water storage system, stem
Apply management house, pressure release pond, irrigation system, gully and pipeline to constitute；Described water storage system includes sedimentation tank and clear water reserviors, sinks
Shallow lake pond physical features is higher than clear water reserviors, is introduced the streams water on mountain top after sedimentation tank precipitation by diversion irrigation canals and ditches, then passes through diversion irrigation canals and ditches
Or the water in sedimentation tank is introduced clear water reserviors by supervisor；Described stem facilities management room is passed through supervisor and is connected with clear water reserviors, its ground
Gesture is less than clear water reserviors, is mainly used in installing and irrigates stem system, including irrigation control, filtration system, network security protection；Due to
The mountain region plot discrepancy in elevation changes greatly, sets up pressure release pond to damage pipeline to prevent local pressure excessive in corresponding irrigation district, decompression
By being responsible for connection stem facilities management room or upper level pressure release pond, upper level pressure release pond physical features is higher than next stage pressure release pond in pond；Institute
The irrigation system stated includes micro-sprinkler irrigation system or drip irrigation or infiltrating irrigation system, is made up of irrigation pipe network, fertilizer injector and valve, by dividing
Water supervisor connection stem facilities management room or pressure release pond；It is suitable that described gully is located at each section irrigation system tail end lowest part
Position, for winter evacuated tube internal water accumulation, prevents winter from freezing and pipeline breaking；Described pipeline includes supervisor, point water supervisor
And valve, connected by supervisor between sedimentation tank, clear water reserviors, stem facilities management room and pressure release pond at different levels, irrigation system is passed through to divide
Water supervisor connected with stem facilities management room or pressure release pond.
2. be applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 1 it is characterised in that due to
Mountain region physical features is narrow, and depending on sedimentation tank is built because of physical features, if length limited system built by sedimentation tank, the multistage of design terrace-type is sunk
Forming sediment, if build place length met, repairing a sedimentation tank；The inhalant region of sedimentation tank and exhalant region use trash rack and not respectively
Rust steel drainage screen intercepts debris.
3. it is applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 1 it is characterised in that clear water
The outlet stainless steel filter screen in pond blocks dirt, and arranges sewage draining exit below outlet.
4. it is applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 1 it is characterised in that stem
The filtration system in facilities management room is stainless steel filter screen+sandrock filter+laminated filter three-stage filtration, in laminated filter
Two pressure gauges are installed at two ends, are connected with filter water inlet and outlet, for monitoring the pressure of irrigation system and judging
The clean-up performance of filter and clearance time.
5. it is applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 1 it is characterised in that every
One pressure release pond is to the water outlet of next stage pressure release pond water delivery and each pressure release pond to the water inlet irrigating section water delivery
Stainless steel filter screen is installed, sewage draining exit is set below pressure release pond outlet.
6. it is applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 1 it is characterised in that mountain area
If growing area concentrates on different height above sea level regions, in dispersion plantation, different irrigation districts can be divided according to landform and plantation distribution,
Set up corresponding pressure release pond simultaneously, and according to the different corresponding irrigation pipe networks of cell arrangements of pouring water in irrigation district, during irrigation be
Reduce and carry out the interval rotation flow of Different Irrigation with water contradiction.
7. it is applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 1 to 6 any claim,
It is characterized in that, during laying irrigation pipe network, in the plot that physical features is more flat, irrigation pipe is along plantation row laying；More equal in relief
Even slope plot, using equal pitch contour layout rows to along plantation row laying drip irrigation pipe；In the larger plot of relief it is difficult to
The selection pressure compensation carrying out equal pitch contour arrangement is irrigated.
8. it is applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 7 it is characterised in that filling
Irrigate pipe network stem and set up intake, fertilizer injeciton opening；Intake convenient fertilising water intaking, fertilizer injeciton opening connects fertilizer injector, carries out liquid manure one
Change and irrigate.
9. be applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 8 it is characterised in that due to
The mountain region plot discrepancy in elevation changes greatly, for ensureing the uniformity of irrigation water appilcation of each cell of pouring water, installs permissible in the stem of cell of respectively pouring water
Adjust and reduce the pressure regulator valve of pressure, pressure regulation sets the stem desirable pressure value of all cells of pouring water respectively after irrigation pipe network installs.
10. be applied to the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system of high-mountain gorge areas according to claim 9 it is characterised in that
Be respectively mounted on the supervisor of clear water reserviors, stem facilities management room and pressure release pond outlet at different levels and point water supervisor automatic inlet-outlet valve and
Stop valve, and set up corresponding valve well so that management maintenance.
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| CN201610748203.8A CN106358986A (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system applicable to alpine and gorge regions |
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| CN201610748203.8A CN106358986A (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system applicable to alpine and gorge regions |
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| CN108739312A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 河南水利与环境职业学院 | Northern mountain area fruit tree water-fertilizer integral water saving irrigating method |
| CN109644837A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-19 | 怀化学院 | A kind of hilly and mountainous land orchard intelligent irrigation decision system based on Internet of Things |
| CN110679446A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-14 | 胡玉松 | Water diversion irrigation system for hilly area |
| CN111616037A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-04 | 逯鑫 | Afforestation is with circulation water conservation formula irrigation equipment |
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| CN111616037B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-02 | 逯鑫 | Afforestation is with circulation water conservation formula irrigation equipment |
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