CN102986439A - Cultivating method for nicotine-reduced burley tobacco - Google Patents
Cultivating method for nicotine-reduced burley tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN102986439A CN102986439A CN2012105446664A CN201210544666A CN102986439A CN 102986439 A CN102986439 A CN 102986439A CN 2012105446664 A CN2012105446664 A CN 2012105446664A CN 201210544666 A CN201210544666 A CN 201210544666A CN 102986439 A CN102986439 A CN 102986439A
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- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- nicotine
- scion
- rootstock
- burley tobacco
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001002356 Valeriana edulis Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 240000002072 Solanum torvum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013358 Solanum torvum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivating method for a nicotine-reduced burley tobacco. The method comprises the following steps of: with an eggplant seedling as a rootstock and a burley tobacco seedling as a scion, horizontally cutting off the upper half part of the rootstock, and then, vertically and downwards cutting off a cut of about 1cm, wherein the upper half part of the rootstock is 8-10cm away from the soil surface; cutting off the upper half part of the scion from a parent population, cutting two faces of a stem to be wedged, vertically inserting the stem into the rootstock, fixing the rootstock by using a grafting clip, and rapidly immigrating the rootstock into a healing and curing room; after 3d, gradually increasing the ventilation rate, prolonging the light irradiation time and reducing the air humidity according to the fact that the scion does not wilt until the cut is thoroughly healed; after 10-12d, removing the rootstock out of the curing room; and transplanting a grated seedling roots and shoots into a land. The burley tobacco and an eggplant which are used as two substances belonging to different species are artificially promoted to subjected to gene fusion through a grafting way, and the synthesis of nicotine of a burley tobacco root system is artificially controlled through replacing the burley tobacco root system by using an eggplant root system, so that the nicotine of the burley tobacco is remarkably lower than that of a conventional variety, and a variety with super-low nicotine content is cultivated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to burley tobaccos culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of breeding method that reduces the burley tobaccos of nicotine.
Background technology
Burley tobaccos are primary raw materials of making blended type cigarette, have the features such as blade is thin and light, institutional framework is loosened and not coarse, and elasticity is strong, and the filling value is high, and the absorption fragrance performance is good, are bringing into play unique effect in cigarette composition.At present, domestic burley tobaccos nicotine content of tobacco leaves is too high, has had a strong impact on the use of burley tobaccos in cigarette composition, and its availability and resource utilization all reduce, and nicotine content is too high also to be the main factor that affects its use value.For the too high difficult problem of burley tobaccos nicotine content, domestic research is more, and the result shows: can reduce to a certain extent burley tobaccos nicotine by reducing amount of nitrogen per mu, but the also corresponding reduction of its per mu yield, the per mu yield benefit reduces; It is not remarkable to stay the number of sheets to reduce burley tobaccos nicotine effect by increase, and easily reduces burley tobaccos tobacco leaf interior quality, and the quality of especially smokeing panel test reduces obviously.Therefore, by reducing amount of nitrogen per mu, increasing the method that measures such as staying the number of sheets reduces burley tobaccos nicotine and be difficult to solve preferably the too high difficult problem of burley tobaccos nicotine.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention has just provided a kind of breeding method that reduces the burley tobaccos of nicotine, can significantly reduce nicotine content, guarantees its per mu yield.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of breeding method that reduces the burley tobaccos of nicotine, may further comprise the steps:
1) selection of scion and stock: choose plant height 12cm ~ 14cm, the eggplant seedling of stem girth 0.5cm ~ 0.6cm is stock; Choose more than the plant height 4.0cm, the burley tobaccos cigarette seedling of 5 leaves, 1 heart is scion;
2) grafting: cut away the first half at stock apart from native face 8cm ~ 10cm level, cut vertically downward again the otch that is about 1cm; Scion the first half is downcut from parent, the two sides of stem is whittled into wedge shape, be about 1cm, vertically insert stock, fix with Grafting clip, move into rapidly the healing fog room;
3) managing after grafting: 3d loses light before after the grafting, and is as far as possible stuffy, guarantees air humidity more than 90%, 25 ~ 28 ℃ of temperature; Behind the 3d, increase gradually the time of ventilating and seeing light, reduce air humidity, do not wilt with scion and be advisable, to fully healing.Can shift out fog room behind 10d ~ 12d;
4) transplant: the grafting offspring is transplanted to the land for growing field crops.
Relative prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention artificially promotes the material of burley tobaccos and two kinds of different plant species of eggplant to carry out gene fusion by grafting method, utilize eggplant root system displacement burley tobaccos root system, synthesizing of manual control burley tobaccos root system nicotine, its nicotine is starkly lower than conventional variety, cultivates ultralow nicotine kind.
(2) result of the test of the present invention shows: burley tobaccos and eggplant all belong to Solanaceae, have preferably affinity, and its graft survival rate reaches more than 60%.The nicotine content of new varieties of the present invention significantly reduces, and its field growing way and scion own-rooted tree are basically identical, and plant type is reasonable, and disease resistance is stronger.
Embodiment
In order to explain better the present invention, further illustrate main contents of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to following examples.
Embodiment 1:
(1) seedling medium: by the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite volume ratio be 2: 1 the preparation, every m
3Matrix adds 50% carbendazol wettable powder 200g, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are 15: 15: 15 Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 3kg, and fertile medicine mixes.
(2) scion and stock are cultivated: Eggplant Varieties is Solanum Torvum, and the burley tobaccos kind is E'yan 1.Carry out in steelframe temperature canopy, eggplant sowing time is than early 14 days sowing time of burley tobaccos, to control the growth potential of two seedlings, standby grafting.Eggplant seedling Solanum Torvum quantity is about 500 strains, and E'yan 1 cigarette seedling quantity is about 1000 strains.
(3) scion and stock are selected: choose plant height 12cm ~ 14cm, the eggplant seedling of stem girth 0.5cm ~ 0.6cm is stock; Choose more than the plant height 4.0cm, the burley tobaccos cigarette seedling of 5 leaves, 1 heart is scion.
(4) grafting tool: blade, use double-edged razor blade, it vertically is converted into 2 gets final product, in time change during edges dull.Grafting clip: fit tightly in order to make stock and scion tangent plane, fix with the plastics Grafting clip in grafting part.
(5) grafting: cut away the first half at eggplant apart from native face 8cm ~ 10cm level, cut vertically downward again the otch that is about 1cm; Burley tobaccos scion the first half is downcut from parent, stem is whittled into wedge shape, be about 1cm, vertically insert stock, fix with Grafting clip, move into rapidly the healing chamber.
(6) managing after grafting: 3d loses light before after the grafting, and is stuffy, and air humidity is more than 90%, 25 ~ 28 ℃ of temperature.Behind the 3d, increase gradually the time of ventilating and seeing light, reduce air humidity, to fully healing.Shift out fog room behind the 14d.
(7) transplant: grafting and E'yan 1 own-rooted tree are transplanted to the land for growing field crops, and seeding row spacing is 110cm*55cm, and the embodiment new varieties are transplanted 335 strains, and the E'yan 1 own-rooted tree is transplanted 500 strains.
(8) transplant after field management and the drying in the air system of gathering: according to the management of E'yan 1 variety culture and gather and dry in the air measure requirement processed to grafting and the E'yan 1 own-rooted tree is transplanted rear field management and the system of drying in the air of gathering.
Grafting points for attention: carry out in the environment that grafting should suit in temperature, light is weak, cause the grafting wilting to avoid strong illumination.Grafting tool need disinfect in alcohol, and grafting personnel's hand need clean up.
Embodiment 2
Result of the test is as follows:
(1) the survival rate result of grafting among the embodiment 1
The grafting of burley tobaccos E'yan 1 and eggplant Solanum Torvum amounts to 500 strains among the embodiment 1, removes fog room after 14 days, when extremely transplanting to the land for growing field crops, finally survives 335 strains, and survival rate is 60.7%.
(2) grafting new varieties economical character result among the embodiment 1
The plant height of grafting and burley tobaccos own-rooted tree, effectively stay the number of sheets and the leaf economical character no significant difference such as wide that comes into leaves.From the field actual conditions, grafting and burley tobaccos own-rooted tree growing way appearance are basically identical, and plant type is reasonable, and disease resistance is stronger, with E'yan a kind no significant difference.。
Table 1 economical character contrast table (after pinching)
(3) grafting per mu yield result
Gross yield such as the table 1 of grafting, after mu cultivation cigarette 1100 strains conversion, embodiment new varieties per mu yield is 159.2Kg/ mu, E'yan 1 own-rooted tree per mu yield is 167.5Kg.Result of the test shows: embodiment new varieties and contrast per mu yield no significant difference can guarantee its output.
Table 2 per mu yield is contrast table as a result
(4) grafting nicotine content result
The nicotine content comparing result of grafting shows: new varieties with compare, the nicotine of upper, middle and lower position tobacco leaf obviously reduces.From nicotine is closed by tobacco root one-tenth in theory, after grafting is replaced as the eggplant root system by tobacco root in the present embodiment 1, its nicotine content should be 0, but in the reality cultivation, because the grafting callus place of grafting also is coated with soil among the embodiment 1, a lot of lateral roots system has been sent out at the tobacco stem place, and this also may be to cause the grafting tobacco leaf to contain the reason of nicotine, but this does not affect the result of the test of grafting.
Table 3 nicotine content result contrasts (%)
Claims (1)
1. reduce the breeding method of the burley tobaccos of nicotine, may further comprise the steps:
1) selection of scion and stock: choose plant height 12cm ~ 14cm, the eggplant seedling of stem girth 0.5cm ~ 0.6cm is stock; Choose more than the plant height 4.0cm, the burley tobaccos cigarette seedling of 5 leaves, 1 heart is scion;
2) grafting: cut away the first half at stock apart from native face 8cm ~ 10cm level, cut vertically downward again the otch that is about 1cm; Scion the first half is downcut from parent, the two sides of stem is whittled into wedge shape, be about 1cm, vertically insert stock, fix with Grafting clip, move into rapidly the healing fog room;
3) managing after grafting: 3d loses light before after the grafting, and is as far as possible stuffy, guarantees air humidity more than 90%, 25 ~ 28 ℃ of temperature; Behind the 3d, increase gradually the time of ventilating and seeing light, reduce air humidity, do not wilt with scion and be advisable, to fully healing.Can shift out fog room behind 10d ~ 12d;
4) transplant: the grafting offspring is transplanted to the land for growing field crops.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105446664A CN102986439A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Cultivating method for nicotine-reduced burley tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105446664A CN102986439A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Cultivating method for nicotine-reduced burley tobacco |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102986439A true CN102986439A (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN2012105446664A Pending CN102986439A (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Cultivating method for nicotine-reduced burley tobacco |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444446A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-18 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving potassium content of tobaccos by grafting flue-cured tobacco by utilizing grainamaranth |
| CN103782808A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-14 | 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司 | Solanum melongena L. bacterial-wilt-resisting solanum melongena stock and grafting and cultivation method for grafting solanum melongena onto nicotiana |
| CN105532269A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for adjusting and controlling nicotine content of tobacco |
| US10405571B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | Altria Client Services Llc | Compositions and methods for producing tobacco plants and products having altered alkaloid levels |
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| JPH119087A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-01-19 | Jiyatsuto:Kk | Grafting of tomato and seeding obtained thereby |
| CN1537411A (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2004-10-20 | 攀枝花市仁和区生产力促进中心 | Method for grafting solanum melongena L into solanum erianthum |
| CN101209014A (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2008-07-02 | 兰绍华 | Tobacco grafting breeding method |
| CN102577843A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-18 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for lowering Cd content in tobacco leaves by utilizing grafting technology |
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2012
- 2012-12-13 CN CN2012105446664A patent/CN102986439A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| JPH119087A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-01-19 | Jiyatsuto:Kk | Grafting of tomato and seeding obtained thereby |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444446A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-18 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving potassium content of tobaccos by grafting flue-cured tobacco by utilizing grainamaranth |
| CN103782808A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-14 | 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司 | Solanum melongena L. bacterial-wilt-resisting solanum melongena stock and grafting and cultivation method for grafting solanum melongena onto nicotiana |
| US10405571B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | Altria Client Services Llc | Compositions and methods for producing tobacco plants and products having altered alkaloid levels |
| CN105532269A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for adjusting and controlling nicotine content of tobacco |
| CN105532269B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-06-01 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method of regulation and control Nicotine Content in Tobacco Leaf |
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Application publication date: 20130327 |