CN102972318B - Sea cucumber bottom-sowing culture facility suitable for soft seabed - Google Patents
Sea cucumber bottom-sowing culture facility suitable for soft seabed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102972318B CN102972318B CN201210532219.7A CN201210532219A CN102972318B CN 102972318 B CN102972318 B CN 102972318B CN 201210532219 A CN201210532219 A CN 201210532219A CN 102972318 B CN102972318 B CN 102972318B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention provides a sea cucumber bottom-sowing culture facility suitable for a soft seabed. The facility comprises frameworks, built-in separation nets, built-in dense nets, cuffs, a traction rope, an anchoring object and a marking floater. The frameworks are arranged in parallel and are covered with outer-wrapping netlike clothing, the frameworks are mutually connected to be of a telescopic mesh cage shape, the built-in separation nets for separating each framework into a plurality of culture units are arranged on each framework, the built-in dense net for catching and gathering sea cucumber baits is arranged in each culture unit, cuffs for taking and placing a sea cucumber is arranged on the outer-wrapping netlike clothing of each culture unit, the frameworks on two ends are respectively and sequentially connected with the traction rope and the anchoring object to be fixedly arranged in a seabed, and the marking floater is connected onto one end of the culture facility. Compared with the traditional culture facility, the culture facility provided by the invention is light and convenient, can be compressed, and is convenient for transportation, throwing and management, and the affect from a natural disaster of typhoon and the like is avoided; and by the adoption of the culture facility, the problems of easiness in entrapping by silt, poor culture effect and the like of the traditional culture facility can be solved, particle-like suspended matters in seabed water can be effectively held back as sea cucumber baits, and the survival ratio and the growth rate of the sea cucumber are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sea cucumber bottom sowing culture facility that is applicable to soft seabed, specifically a kind of strip, the long cage of compressible sea cucumber bottom sowing culture.
Background technology
Sea cucumber, especially stichopus japonicus bottom sowing culture is higher to the environmental requirement of sea area substrate, and the sea area in some soft seabeds, as Jiaozhou Bay etc., can take following several means to carry out bottom sowing culture.
The one, build sea cucumber rock in seabed, before broadcasting at the bottom of carrying out sea cucumber, need to throw in a large amount of reefs to sea area, as stone, cement reef, oyster shell reef etc.This is because sea cucumber needs reef as veil, in addition, also easy epiphytic algae on reef, bacterium, holds back all kinds of sedimentss in sea area and provides high-quality bait for sea cucumber.Artificial reef is expensive, and reef can be absorbed in soft seabed after throwing in greatly, and live part availability is very low; Throw in artificial reef and need to expend a large amount of human and material resources; Throw in artificial reef and easily attract the harmful organisms such as this Charybdis of, starfish to assemble, sea cucumber survival rate is impacted; Sea cucumber grows up to generally to be fished for by water under diver afterwards, and due to the bridging effect of reef, the sea cucumber rate of recapture is lower, and labour intensity is large, and economic benefit is had a greatly reduced quality.
The 2nd, utilize caisson to carry out bottom sowing culture, caisson specification is generally 4m
2above, framework is formed by steel-pipe welding, generally selects hard seabed to throw in caisson, behind caisson input seabed, fixes with stone and anchor.Because this facility manufacturing cost is higher, bulky, be difficult for reclaiming once sink to seabed, cleaning difficulty, especially easily sneaks into the harmful organisms such as crab class, starfish.Recapture sea cucumber leans on diver's operation substantially, and in production process, breakage easily occurs casing, is difficult under water repair, and this can cause the sea cucumber of whole caisson cultivation all to escape, and economic loss is serious.Caisson weight is larger, easily alluvial, and being applied to soft benthic division, to carry out sea cucumber bottom sowing culture effect unsatisfactory.
The 3rd, carry out sea cucumber hanging culture, utilize the cage such as abalone cage, scallop cage or net cage to cultivate by sea cucumber, this class breeding facility departs from soft seabed, bottom.But cage and net cage price are higher, and cannot hold back in a large number suspended particulate substance in water body and ingest for sea cucumber, need the artificial supplementation bait such as sea-tangle of throwing something and feeding; And facility place water layer fouling organism is assembled in a large number, in breeding process, hanging culture facility is easily subject to biodeterioration and the alluvials such as oyster, bryozoan, lime worm, need to often clean, and aquaculture cost is higher, and labour intensity is large; In addition, cage and net cage need to provide buoyancy just can be suspended in water body by raft frame and ball float etc., and raft frame and ball float not only affect sea area view, also very easily suffer the infringement of typhoon, and wave also can affect sea cucumber to the disturbance of facility and ingest.
Soft seabed is widely distributed in China coast various places, the type sea area bait rich content, and seabed is subject to stained biotic influence few, can greatly expand existing holothruian cultures space if make full use of, improve economy and environment benefit, therefore, develop a kind of breeding facility that is suitable for soft seabed extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of sea cucumber bottom sowing culture facility that is applicable to soft seabed is provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of sea cucumber bottom sowing culture facility that is suitable for soft seabed, comprise framework, built-in spacer web, built-in close net, cuff, pull rope, deadman and mark float, described framework is arranged in parallel and is covered with and outer cover etting and be interconnected to telescopic cylinder mould shape, on framework, be also provided with the built-in spacer web for being separated into multiple cultivation unit, in each cultivation unit, be provided with the built-in close net for trapping sea cucumber bait, the outer etting that covers of each cultivation unit is provided with the cuff for picking and placeing sea cucumber, the framework at two ends connects pull rope successively respectively and deadman is fixed on seabed, breeding facility one end is also connected with mark float.
Said frame is made up of iron wire, iron wire is coated with antirust paint or coated plastic material outward, between each framework, connect with polyethylene rope, four jiaos by each framework connect with polyethylene rope, parallel to each other between framework, be provided with built-in spacer web every 4 continuous frameworks, built-in spacer web and covering outward forms an independent breeding cage as a cultivation unit between etting, and the framework at each breeding cage two ends separates each cultivation unit by coated built-in spacer web.Each cultivation unit arranges a cuff, and cuff is positioned in the middle of cultivation unit, and cuff is knot that can be undone by a pull fore shaft with polyethylene nettle, to facilitate management.The deadman of fixing above-mentioned breeding facility is fragment of brick or stone, and deadman is fixed on seabed.In cylinder mould one end, there is mark float in system, and mark buoys float, in the water surface, is convenient to mark position and management, and mark float can be ball float or empty mineral water bottle, and the rope of linkage flag float and cylinder mould is polythene material.Between cylinder mould and deadman, be connected with pull rope, pull rope material is polythene material, and multiple breeding facilities can will connect as one by many pull ropes, launch in seabed by the pulling force of pull rope.Covering etting, built-in spacer web, built-in close net and cuff outward makes by polythene material or nontoxic material soft and that be suitable for mariculture.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
1. breeding facility structure self can provide veil for sea cucumber, do not need additionally to add reef and veil, built-in close net greatly traction-increasing surface is long-pending, be conducive to hold back efficiently suspended particulate substance in seawater, for sea cucumber provides high-quality bait, take into account the advantage of traditional caisson and artificial reef, effectively expand existing breeding spaces;
2. breeding facility softness, light, can significantly compress, and each breeding facility can be deposited separately, is convenient to carrying and deposits, easy to use; Due to very light weight, floor space is large, and input is difficult for depression and alluvial behind seabed;
3. while production, multiple breeding facilities can be connected as a single entity, and are convenient to throw in, and can significantly reduce the usage amount of deadman and mark float, when results, do not need water operation under diver, directly traction mark float is recyclable breeding facility, can effectively reduce labour intensity, is convenient to management and results;
4. breeding facility, in seabed, is difficult for being adhered to by fouling organism, and has very strong capacity of anti-storm;
5. breeding facility inside has multiple intervals, respectively cultivates unit independent mutually, is convenient to repair, and can reduce the impact of single cultivation unit breakage on overall culture efficiency, can effectively reduce the invasion and attack of harmful organisms, increases sea cucumber output;
6. breeding facility is cheap, easy and simple to handle, can recycle, and reduces aquaculture cost;
7. cultivation object sea cucumber has very strong repair ability to Sediment environment, utilizes this facility cultivation sea cucumber to be conducive to cultivate the reparation of marine ecosystem environment, increases overall Ecosystem Service Value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is deployed configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is contraction structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-deadman; 2-mark float; 3-pull rope; 4-covers etting outward; The built-in spacer web of 5-; 6-framework; The built-in close net of 7-; 8-cuff.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, content of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention by deadman 1, mark float 2, pull rope 3, cover etting 4, built-in spacer web 5, framework 6, built-in close net 7, cuff 8 outward and form wire mesh cage structures.Framework 6 is welded for iron wire, rectangle, long is 0.4m～0.5m, wide is 0.3m～0.4m, iron wire diameter is 0.3cm～0.5cm, outer painting antirust paint or coated plastic material, four jiaos of each framework 6 connect with polyethylene rope, 6 of frameworks are parallel to each other, framework 6 spacing are 0.3m～0.5m, in the framework 6 at each breeding facility two ends, has built-in spacer web 5, from the framework 6 at each breeding facility two ends, in being, 4 frameworks 6 have the framework 6 of built-in spacer web 5, the framework 6 at each breeding facility two ends respectively with adjacent the 4th framework 6, cover etting 4 outward and form together an independent cultivation unit, and the 4th framework 6 again respectively successively with framework 6 every 4, cover etting 4 outward and form together an independent cultivation unit, therefore each breeding facility is just separated for several independent cultivation unit by the interior framework 6 with built-in spacer web 5.Deadman 1 is common fragment of brick or stone, and deadman 1 is fixed on seabed.Built-in close net 7 is polythene net sheet, mesh size is 1mm～3mm, its length is slightly shorter than cultivation cell length, and it is highly identical with it, be fixed on cultivation cell centre position, one end is sutured in built-in spacer web 5, and between the other end and built-in spacer web 5, reserved 3cm～5cm space is current for sea cucumber.As shown in Figure 2, cylinder mould can also shrink by the framework being flexibly connected, and is convenient to carrying and deposits.Because the present invention is net sheet and iron wire manufacture, lightweight, each breeding facility gross weight is only 1.5kg left and right, and facility floor space is large, therefore in use procedure, is difficult for being absorbed in bottom silt; This facility is soft structures, easily compression, 1/80～1/50 when volume after folding is only expansion; Each breeding facility is made up of 8～10 cultivation unit, and cultivation is established built-in close net 7 in unit, can effectively increase the arresting efficiency of sea area suspended particulate substance, can be sea cucumber sufficient high-quality bait is provided; Apart from one another by independence, therefore, also little even if the damaged loss causing occurs in a certain cultivation unit between each cultivation unit, and damaged facility is very easily repaired; Multiple breeding facilities can be connected as a single entity with pull rope 3, and general 10～20 facilities are connected to one group and throw in, and are extremely convenient to management and results; The present invention effectively reduces the impact of harmful organisms, and can reuse, and greatly reduces production cost.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the pull rope of cylinder mould one end 3 is connected with deadman 1, after being put into cultivation unit, sea cucumber fastens cuff 8, render to successively culturing area, after treating that previous breeding facility is all thrown in, its pull rope 3 is connected with next breeding facility, continues to throw in, all tension system after breeding facility input, adds deadman and mark float 2 in one end, end; In production process, determine breeding facility position according to mark float, regularly recvery facility is repaired breakage, checks sea cucumber survival and growing state.Cultivation object of the present invention can because of time, suit measures to local conditions, summer, autumn high temperature season can cultivate southern economy sea cucumber kind as rough stichopus japonicus etc., and can carry out the imitative apostichopus japonicus culture that south is moved winter.
Utilize breeding facility of the present invention to carry out holothruian cultures test in fish cage aquaculture district of Daya Gulf roc Australia, Shenzhen, the fish that this net cage district cultivates are mainly cobio, golden silvery pomfret, U.S. snapper and all kinds of groupers etc., bait is that chilled small fish is main, mixed bait is auxiliary, sea area depth of water average out to 5m, substrate is soft structures, very easily becomes silted up and falls into.By stichopus japonicus (～30g) according to (10/m of the density of 3/lattice
2) be placed in breeding facility, then facility one end is added to deadman 1 and render to seabed, net cage district, every 10 facilities connect as one, as a cultivating system, breeding facility adds deadman 1 and mark float 2 after all throwing in endways, monthly checks a facility breakage and sea cucumber growing state.Result shows, during cultivation, facilities are as good as new, and whole facility can fully stretch, and is close to seabed, but do not become silted up and fall in mud; Breeding facility is except can holding back the sediments of natural subsidence, the suspended particulate substance of its built-in close net 7 in can effectively catching seabed water body, it holds back sediments content of organics up to 15%, exceed sea area bed mud content of organics, hold back and in sediments, contain the good sea cucumber baits such as a large amount of benthic diatoms;
Breeding facility convenient management, in breeding process, without bait throwing in, sea cucumber survival rate and the rate of recapture all reach 100%, the special growth rate >1%/d of weight in wet base, when gather in the crops April, single sea cucumber weight is 80g～100g, demonstrates good effect.Experimental result shows, the present invention is easy to make, can be in net cage district for sea cucumber provides sufficient, the suitable space of perching; Breeding facility inner serve as a contrast built-in close net 7 and can hold back in large quantities the sediments in net cage district, for sea cucumber provides sufficient bait; Breeding facility is light, durable, and is convenient to carry out the results of cultured product.Apply this facility and carry out sea cucumber bottom sowing culture in sea area, can effectively expand precious marine product propagation region, increase economic benefit, can repair sea environment, realize good environmental benefit simultaneously.
Obviously; above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiment of the present invention; to those skilled in the art; can also easily make on the basis of the above description other pro forma variation or substitute, and these changes or alternative also by within being included in the definite protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is suitable for the sea cucumber bottom sowing culture facility in soft seabed, it is characterized in that: comprise framework, built-in spacer web, built-in close net, cuff, pull rope, deadman and mark float, described framework is arranged in parallel and is covered with and outer cover etting and be interconnected to telescopic cylinder mould shape, on framework, be also provided with the built-in spacer web for being separated into multiple cultivation unit, in each cultivation unit, be provided with the built-in close net for trapping sea cucumber bait, the outer etting that covers of each cultivation unit is provided with the cuff for picking and placeing sea cucumber, the framework at two ends connects pull rope successively respectively and deadman is fixed on seabed, one end of breeding facility is also connected with mark float, described framework is made up of the iron wire that scribbles antirust paint or coated plastic material, between each framework, connect with polyethylene rope, be provided with built-in spacer web every 4 continuous frameworks, described built-in close net is made up of polythene net sheet, net sheet mesh size is 1mm～3mm, built-in close net is identical with the height of each cultivation unit, built-in close net is fixed in the middle of each cultivation unit, one end of built-in close net is sutured in built-in spacer web, and the other end of built-in close net and built-in spacer web are provided with for the current 3cm～5cm gap of sea cucumber.
2. breeding facility as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described iron wire diameter is 0.3cm～0.5cm, and described framework is rectangle, and wherein length is 0.4m～0.5m, and width is 0.3m～0.4m, and frame spacing is 0.3m～0.5m.
3. breeding facility as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described cuff polyethylene nettle is knot that can be undone by a pull fore shaft.
4. the breeding facility as described in claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: described outer etting, built-in spacer web, built-in close net and the cuff of covering made by nontoxic material soft and that be suitable for mariculture, and described pull rope is made up of polythene material.
5. breeding facility as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described deadman is fragment of brick or stone.
6. breeding facility as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described mark float is ball float or empty mineral water bottle, and mark float is by being connected with one end of breeding facility by polyethylene rope.
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| CN201210532219.7A CN102972318B (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2012-12-10 | Sea cucumber bottom-sowing culture facility suitable for soft seabed |
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| CN201210532219.7A CN102972318B (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2012-12-10 | Sea cucumber bottom-sowing culture facility suitable for soft seabed |
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| CN102972318B true CN102972318B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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Inventor after: Yu Zonghe Inventor after: Luo Peng Inventor after: Ren Chunhua Inventor after: Hu Chaoqun Inventor before: Luo Peng Inventor before: Gao Fei Inventor before: Yu Zonghe Inventor before: Mao Yuze Inventor before: Hu Chaoqun Inventor before: Ren Chunhua |
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