CN101946723A - Sea cucumber culturing facility and culturing method applicable to marine net cage culture area - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sea cucumber culture facility and a culture method suitable for a seawater net cage culture area. The culture facility includes a traction rope, a culture cage, an inner lining dense net and heavy objects; the culture cage is suspended from the net cage by a traction rope The bottom of the culture cage body is provided with a liner dense net; the weight is suspended from the bottom of the culture cage. The present invention can make full use of the space in the seawater net cage area to cultivate sea cucumbers, realize effective treatment of the sediments in the net cage area and obtain additional economic benefits, and provide good conditions for the growth of sea cucumbers while effectively retaining and processing the sediments in the net cage area. environmental conditions.

Description

A kind of sea cucumber cultivation facility suitable for seawater net cage culture area and cultivation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a sea cucumber cultivation facility suitable for seawater cage cultivation areas. The present invention also includes the cultivation method of the cultivation facility.

Background technique

In recent years, fish cage culture in the southern waters has achieved vigorous development. While obtaining huge economic benefits, the residual bait, feces and other breeding waste produced during the fish farming process have caused huge pollution to the environment. A large number of studies have proved that sea cucumber can be used as a scavenger of sediment environmental pollution. If it can be cultivated in marine fish cage culture areas, using the characteristics of its sediment feeding habits, it can effectively remove the culture waste in the cage area , and the cultured sea cucumber itself has extremely high economic value. The traditional sea cucumber culture method is to directly sow it on the seabed near the shore, or use the modified scallop cage to carry out the raft culture mode of mixed culture of shellfish and ginseng. Among them, bottom-sowing sea cucumbers have higher requirements on the quality of the bottom environment, and because the bottom mud in the cage area contains high concentrations of toxic and harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide, generally speaking, it is not suitable for bottom-sowing sea cucumbers, and sea cucumbers must be separated from the bottom. However, the use of traditional shellfish culture cages is not efficient in intercepting sediments in sea areas, and the internal space of the culture cages is narrow, which cannot provide enough food and growth space for sea cucumbers.

Contents of the invention

The invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and designs a sea cucumber culture facility and a culture method suitable for seawater net cage culture areas. The present invention can make full use of the space in the seawater net cage area to cultivate sea cucumbers, realize effective treatment of the sediments in the net cage area and obtain additional economic benefits, and provide good conditions for the growth of sea cucumbers while effectively retaining and processing the sediments in the net cage area. environmental conditions.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes the following technical features: a sea cucumber culture facility suitable for seawater net cage culture areas, characterized in that it includes a traction rope, a culture cage, an inner liner dense net and a heavy object; The traction rope is suspended on the bottom of the net cage, and the bottom of the cage body of the culture cage is provided with a liner dense net; the weight is suspended on the bottom of the culture cage.

The traction ropes are 3 to 4 equal-length ropes evenly tied to the top of the breeding cage, and the tops of the ropes are knotted and suspended from the net cage.

The breeding cage is a cylindrical cage body welded by metal wires, and the breeding cage is covered with a net.

The cage bottom diameter of the breeding cage is 45-55cm, and the height is 10-15cm. The breeding cage is welded with iron wires with a diameter of 4-6mm and coated with non-toxic anti-corrosion materials; the outer covering aperture of the breeding cage is For 0.4 ~ 0.8cm net clothing.

The dense mesh lined at the bottom of the breeding cage is a polyethylene mesh with an aperture of 0.8-3.0 mm.

The heavy objects are stones or bricks of 0.5-1.0 kg, and the heavy objects are hung at the center of the bottom of the cage by ropes.

The present invention also includes the cultivation method of the above-mentioned sea cucumber cultivation facility, the bottom diameter of the cultivation cage of the sea cucumber cultivation facility is 45-55cm, and the height is 10-15cm, and the diameter of the cultivation cage is 4-6mm and is made of non-toxic antiseptic material. The covered iron wire is welded; the outer aperture of the breeding cage is 0.4-0.8cm netting; the inner lining dense mesh at the bottom of the breeding cage is a polyethylene mesh with an aperture of 0.8-3.0mm;

The breeding method includes the following steps: first place the sea cucumber inside the breeding facility, and then hang the breeding facility on the outside of the net cage with ropes for breeding; the water depth of the hanging culture facility is 4m, and the distance between the breeding facilities is 1m.

The species of sea cucumber cultured in the sea cucumber breeding facilities in summer and autumn are sea cucumbers or yuzu sea cucumbers, and the species of sea cucumbers cultured in winter are sea cucumbers imitation. The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is:

1. Utilize the characteristics of sea cucumber's sedimentary feeding habits, use it for sediment treatment in the cage area, reduce the impact of cage culture on the ecological environment of the sea area, and benefit the restoration of the ecological environment of the cultured sea area and the comprehensive utilization of the culture space;

2. The cultivation of organisms has changed from traditional bottom sowing to off-bottom cultivation, which is free from the influence of the harsh environment at the bottom of the cage area, which is conducive to the survival and growth of sea cucumbers;

3. The interior of the facility is lined with a dense mesh structure, which not only provides shelter for sea cucumbers, but also greatly increases the interception efficiency of sediments in the water body, providing sufficient food for the growth of sea cucumbers;

4. The breeding facilities are suspended in the water outside the cage, which does not affect the normal fish farming and can effectively expand the existing breeding space;

5. The cost of breeding facilities is low, the operation is simple, the labor intensity is reduced, and the management and harvest are convenient;

6. The sea cucumbers cultivated by this facility have high economic value, which can increase the system income.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the design drawing of the sea cucumber culture facility suitable for seawater cage culture area.

In the figure, 1. Traction rope; 2. Breeding cage; 3. Lined with dense net; 4. Falling stone; 5. Sea cucumber.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the sea cucumber culture facility suitable for the fish cage area includes a traction rope 1, a culture cage 2, an inner lining dense net 3, and a falling stone 4. After the welding of the breeding cage frame is completed, it is covered with non-toxic and anti-corrosion materials, covered with a polyethylene mesh with a pore size of 0.4-0.8cm, and a polyethylene mesh with a mesh size of 0.8-3.0mm is cut according to the bottom area of the breeding cage, and sewed. The bottom is used as a lining net; the top of the breeding cage is tied with 3 to 4 equal-length ropes, and 0.5 to 1.0 kg of bricks are hung in the middle of the bottom; the sea cucumber is placed inside the breeding facility, and the breeding facility is hung on the outside of the cage with ropes for breeding . The breeding objects of this facility can be adjusted according to local conditions and time conditions. In summer and autumn, high-temperature seasons can breed southern economic sea cucumber species such as japonicus japonicus, while southward imitation japonicus can be cultured in winter.

Embodiment 1: Culture of Yuzu sea cucumber

From May 26, 2010, the above-mentioned breeding facilities were used to carry out sea cucumber breeding experiments in the Dapengao fish cage culture area of Daya Bay, Shenzhen. The fish cultured in the cage area are mainly cobia, golden pomfret, American redfish and various Grouper, etc., the main bait is chilled small miscellaneous fish, supplemented by matching bait. The sea cucumber cultured in this example is a local common species of Yuzu sea cucumber. The water depth of the culture facilities is 4m, the distance between the culture facilities is 1m, and the average weight of the sea cucumbers used in the experiment is 19.2±2.1g. During the experiment, various water quality indicators were: temperature 26.2°C, salinity 32.4, pH 8.2, dissolved oxygen 6.5mg/L. A control group without adding sea cucumbers was set up while sea cucumbers were being cultured to investigate the retention efficiency of the facility on sediments in the cage area. The research results show that this facility can effectively intercept the sediment in the cage area, and a single facility can intercept 1.2-1.5g of dry weight sediment per day, the main components of which are residual bait, feces and scales shed from farmed fish and other debris, which have high nutritional value and can fully meet the food needs of multi-headed sea cucumbers. The cultured sea cucumbers are bright in color and have good activity, and a large amount of sea cucumber feces can be seen in the facility, indicating that sea cucumbers can effectively feed on the sediments trapped in the facility. The cultured sea cucumbers were measured on July 13, 2010, and the results showed that the average body weight of the cultured sea cucumbers increased to 28.6±5.5g, which was 0.5 times higher than the initial weight, showing a good effect.

Embodiment two: imitation japonicus culture

The water temperature in the southern sea area is low in autumn and winter. At this stage, the physiological activities of tropical sea cucumbers slow down, and the sediments intercepted by the cultivation facilities cannot be effectively treated. Moreover, the growth of tropical sea cucumbers is slow at this stage. Using this facility for cultivation cannot obtain higher economic benefits. value. In recent years, the research and production practice of the southern migration of northern sea cucumbers has proved that environmental factors such as water temperature in autumn and winter in the southern sea area are very suitable for the growth of northern sea cucumbers. Therefore, at this stage, this facility can be used to breed high economic value Imitation sea cucumber.

The results of the examples show that the facility is easy to manufacture and can provide sufficient and suitable habitat space for sea cucumbers in the cage area; the dense net lined inside the culture facility can retain a large amount of sediment in the cage area and provide sufficient bait for sea cucumbers; The breeding facilities are light and durable, and can be adapted to different sea cucumber species according to the time and local conditions, and are convenient for harvesting of cultured products. Applying this facility to culture sea cucumbers in cage areas can effectively expand the area for the proliferation of sea treasures and increase additional economic benefits while restoring the environment and reducing environmental pollution from fish cage culture.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of sea cucumber cultivation facility applicable to seawater net cage cultivation area is characterized in that: comprise traction rope, cultivation cage, liner dense net and weight; Described cultivation cage is suspended on the bottom of net cage by traction rope, so The bottom of the culture cage body is provided with a liner dense net; the weight is suspended on the bottom of the culture cage. 2. The sea cucumber culture facility suitable for seawater cage culture areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the traction rope is 3 to 4 equal-length ropes evenly tied to the top of the culture cage, and the ropes The top is knotted and hung from the bottom of the cage. 3. The sea cucumber culture facility suitable for seawater net cage culture area according to claim 1, characterized in that: the culture cage is a cylindrical cage body welded by metal wires, and the culture cage is covered with a net. 4. according to claim 3, be applicable to the sea cucumber culture facility of seawater net cage culture area, it is characterized in that: the cage bottom diameter of described culture cage is 45～55cm, and height is 10～15cm, and described culture cage uses diameter It is 4-6mm in diameter and welded by iron wire coated with non-toxic and anti-corrosion materials; the breeding cage is covered with netting with a pore diameter of 0.4-0.8cm. 5 . The sea cucumber culture facility suitable for seawater cage culture area according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the dense mesh lined at the bottom of the culture cage is a polyethylene mesh with a pore size of 0.8-3.0 mm. 6. The sea cucumber culture facility suitable for seawater cage culture area according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight is a stone or brick of 0.5-1.0 kg, and the weight is suspended from the net with a rope center of the bottom of the cage. 7. The culture method of sea cucumber culture facility according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the culture cage bottom diameter of described sea cucumber culture facility is 45～55cm, and height is 10～15cm, and described culture cage uses diameter to be 4～55cm. 6mm and welded by iron wire coated with non-toxic and anti-corrosion materials; the outer diameter of the breeding cage is 0.4-0.8cm netting; the inner dense mesh at the bottom of the breeding cage is a polyethylene mesh with an aperture of 0.8-3.0mm piece; The breeding method includes the following steps: first place the sea cucumber inside the breeding facility, and then hang the breeding facility on the outside of the net cage with ropes for breeding; the water depth of the hanging culture facility is 4m, and the distance between the breeding facilities is 1m. 8. The culture method of sea cucumber culture facility according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the sea cucumber species cultivated by the sea cucumber culture facility in summer and autumn is rough sea cucumber or yuzu sea cucumber, and the sea cucumber species cultivated in winter is imitation sea cucumber. sea cucumber.