CN102972232B - Rice machine seedling transplanting matrix for chaff ash basis - Google Patents
Rice machine seedling transplanting matrix for chaff ash basis Download PDFInfo
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- CN102972232B CN102972232B CN 201210520316 CN201210520316A CN102972232B CN 102972232 B CN102972232 B CN 102972232B CN 201210520316 CN201210520316 CN 201210520316 CN 201210520316 A CN201210520316 A CN 201210520316A CN 102972232 B CN102972232 B CN 102972232B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice machine seedling transplanting matrix for a chaff ash basis, and relates to the rice seedling culture technology in the agricultural technology field. The rice machine seedling transplanting matrix is mixed by the following raw materials in percent by volume: 20-30% of turf, 28-38% of chaff ash, 10-15% of vermiculite, 10-15% of clay, 1-3% of perlite, 5-10% of lignite and 8-12% of organic fertilizer. The rice machine seedling transplanting matrix for the chaff ash basis has the characteristics that the seedling rooting capability can be enhanced, proper machine-planting seedlings can be cultured, and the rice machine seedling transplanting matrix for the chaff ash basis is suitable for culturing rice machine seedlings of early season, middle season and late season.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the raising rice seedlings technology in the agricultural technology field, particularly a kind of rice husk ash base.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of the development of modern agricultural technology, particularly industrialized agriculture, the mechanization of planting overall process for paddy rice provides the foundation.For slotting kind of the mechanization that adapts to rice seedling, adopt industrial sprout cultivation usually, its employed seedling raising ground substance is different from the earth of land for growing field crops seedling.Chinese patent (application number 201110140413.6) disclosed " a kind of rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance ", this matrix contains following component by weight: fermented stalk coarse grain 10-30 part, the nontoxic discarded object 70-90 of fermentation industry part, auxiliary material 0.1-2 part; The nontoxic discarded object of industry is alcoholic fermentation natural pond slag; Auxiliary material is one or more in nutritive element, dwarfing seedling strengthen agent, rooting promoter, the safener; Nutritive element is selected from one or more in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, boron, the silicon; This rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising ground substance is drawn materials easily, production cost is low, and seedling is effective.Chinese patent (application number 201210072200.9) disclosed " the special-purpose organic substrate of a kind of rice mechanical transplanting seedling and production method thereof " and for example, it is characterized in that containing following weight percentages: biomass power plant ash 10～30%, monosodium glutamate offcuts 20～40%, powdered rice hulls 20～40%, water-loss reducer 3～8%, adhesive 2～5% and rooting promoter 0.2～0.5%, pollution-free, the nonhazardous of the special-purpose organic substrate of the rice mechanical transplanting seedling that this invention obtains, meeting the requirement of environmental protection low-carbon (LC), is the preferred substrate that development rice mechanical transplanting seedling is produced.Also have Chinese patent (application number 201210054175.1) disclosed " a kind of production technology of seedling cultivation of rice matrix ", may further comprise the steps: (1) carried out fermentation process 6～10 days with manioc waste; (2) above-mentioned raw materials that ferments is poured in the agitator, and then added vermiculite, ash, humus, bone meal, many bacterium phosphorus, ammonium sulfate, MAP, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulphate, potassium sulphate, copper sulphate, manganese sulphate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate in the agitator, sell phenol sodium again and mix and stirred 4～6 minutes; (3) the seedling cultivation of rice matrix that stirs is sent to carries out fragmentation 1～2 minute in the disintegrating machine; (4) the seedling cultivation of rice matrix after the fragmentation is sent in the screening machine and screens, and the less seedling cultivation of rice matrix granule of volume falls from sieve screen apertures, is sent to sack filling machine and carries out automatic bagging; (5) volume can not come back in the agitator by the seedling cultivation of rice matrix granule of sieve aperture more greatly and stir; This technology has effectively alleviated working strength of workers, has improved production efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of rice seedling raising ground substance that strengthens rice shoot root of hair ability, can cultivate suitable machine transplanting of rice rice shoot.
The technical solution used in the present invention is the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of a kind of rice husk ash base of invention, is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
Peat composed of rotten mosses 20-30 rice husk ash 28-38 vermiculite 10-15 clay 10-15
Perlite 1-3 brown coal 5-10 fertilizer 8-12.
The technical scheme one of its optimization is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 20 rice husk ashes 28 vermiculites 15 clays 15
Perlite 2 brown coal 10 fertilizers 10.
The technical scheme two of its optimization is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 20 rice husk ashes 38 vermiculites 10 clays 15
Perlite 2 brown coal 5 fertilizers 10.
The technical scheme three of its optimization is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 25 rice husk ashes 33 vermiculites 10 clays 10
Perlite 2 brown coal 10 fertilizers 10.
The technical scheme four of its optimization is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 30 rice husk ashes 28 vermiculites 15 clays 10
Perlite 2 brown coal 5 fertilizers 10.
The technical scheme five of its optimization is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 30 rice husk ashes 32 vermiculites 10 clays 10
Perlite 1 brown coal 5 fertilizers 12.
The technical scheme six of its optimization is that the raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 25 rice husk ashes 34 vermiculites 10 clays 10
Perlite 3 brown coal 10 fertilizers 8.
In the above-mentioned raw materials, the peat composed of rotten mosses has another name called " peat ", also is called " mud coal ", is the product in the growth course of marsh; Vermiculite be a kind of natural, nontoxic, under high temperature action dilatable mineral, composition is Mg
0.5(H
2O)
4Mg
3[AlSi
3O
10] (OH)
2, adopt the product after expanding; Clay (that is: clay also can adopt lake mud) is the plastic aluminium silicate salt of particle very little (＜2 μ m), and pulverize air-dry back; Brown coal are a kind of grizzles, are a kind of grizzles of the brownish black between peat and pitch coal; Perlite adopts the product after the volumetric expansion, that is: expanded perlite; Fertilizer be by feces of livestock and poultry with pulverize after agricultural crop straw mixes (by volume, both ratios are 1:1-3, also can adopt arbitrary proportion), adjusting C/N ratio to 25-40, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed and form through pile fermentation again.
Its preparation method is: above-mentioned raw materials mixed, then, pulverizes, mistake 2 mesh sieves.Also can adopt above-mentioned raw materials is pulverized respectively, behind mistake 2 mesh sieves, the method that mixes again.
The rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention adopts rice husk ash as primary raw material, and it contains multiple elements such as potassium, phosphorus, calcium; Simultaneously, be equipped with the peat composed of rotten mosses of various elements such as being rich in nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, vermiculite has water conservation and the effect of evacuating soil preferably, perlite (expanded perlite) has evacuates the soil effect preferably, brown coal contain humus, and fertilizer contains organic matter, organic and inorganic nutrients etc., and clay contains a certain amount of mineral matter, and each component raw material can be bonded in together, form seedling raising ground substance.Therefore, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention can strengthen the root of hair ability of rice shoot, is fit to machine transplanting of rice rice shoot so can cultivate.
The rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention was once carried out the seedling test.
Tested in the 9-10 month in 2012 and carry out at Agricultural University Of Hunan's agricultural resources and environmental careers base.
Base starting material of the present invention is the peat composed of rotten mosses, rice husk ash, vermiculite, clay, perlite, brown coal and fertilizer, experimental cultivar is Hunan super hybridization rice kind strain two excellent 02, this variety yield height, blast resisting, wide adaptability, its germination rate is not less than 80%, and Co., Ltd provides by the inferior magnificent seed in Hunan.
During test, add inorganic fertilizer urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in addition, the addition of above-mentioned inorganic fertilizer is urea 0.0015kg/L, superphosphate 0.002kg/L, and potassium chloride 0.00025kg/L when preparation matrix of the present invention, directly adds mixing.
The plastics seedling-cultivation plate is adopted in test, and seedling dish specification is 58cm * 28cm * 2.5cm, and the seedling disk body is long-pending to be 4.06L, 450 holes.
5 processing are established in test altogether, repeat 4 times, adopt the matrix of Jiangsu company production in contrast, and the prescription design sees Table 1.Each seedling disk base material 3L broadcasts bud paddy 120g, after planting sprays the carbendazim virus killing in stromal surface, and respectively water once every day sooner or later.Soak seed before the rice growing, vernalization handles, dry after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, weigh, premature rice, sowing.Seed soaking on September 12nd, 2012, the seedling quality index was measured in sowing on September 15 on October 4.
Table 1 matrix formulations design of the present invention (v/v%)
The physicochemical character of matrix of the present invention sees Table 2:
Sampling and measuring during rice shoot 2 leaves 1 core: the leaf of second leaf is long, leaf is wide and leaf area, stem foot width, plant height, the indefinite radical of every strain, the longest adventive root length, root volume (drainage), overground part and underground part fresh weight and dry weight, (each repeats to get 10 strains to the root of hair ability, root system is all cut, be placed in the glass that fills distilled water, take out after cultivating 3d, measure root of hair quantity and the longest adventive root length).
The physicochemical character of table 2 matrix of the present invention
In general, the unit weight of plant growth medium is at 0.1-0.8 g/cm
3In the scope, the growth result of plant is better.As can be seen from Table 2, the unit weight of matrix of the present invention is 0.5g/cm
3About, be of moderate size, can guarantee the quality of rice shoot, can alleviate the overweight mechanical damage that rice transplanter is caused of transport pressure and matrix again.The rice shoot that matrix of the present invention cultivates, the seedling piece is of a size of long 58cm, wide 28cm, thick about 2cm.Can be because seedling piece width be not bigger, clamping stagnation is obstructed seedling sending at the seedling case, causes to leak to insert, and also can not cause because width is less leaking and insert; The thickness of seedling piece is moderate, can not cause planting hindering increasing the weight of, and quality, the standard of the size conforms machine transplanting of rice seedling of seedling piece are planted in influence.
Table 3 is influences that the matrix of the different proportionings of the present invention is grown to the rice seedling overground part:
The influence that the matrix of the different proportionings of table 3 the present invention is grown to the rice seedling overground part
As can be seen from Table 3, the rice shoot that T1 handles, second leaf is long, second leaf is wide and leaf area is all good than the rice shoot that other 4 kinds of matrix cultivate, and its value is respectively 11.9500cm, 0.4323cm and 3.8688cm2.Stem foot is the wideest with T4's, and rice shoot is more sturdy.The rice shoot that T3 cultivates is the highest, and reaches significance level with other processing, and T1 takes second place.T1, T2, T3 overground part fresh weight difference are little, but the overground part dry weight of T1 is the heaviest, and the accumulation that the rice shoot dry matter that T1 cultivates is described is handled than other and wanted many.
Table 4 is the matrix of the different proportionings of the present invention to the influence of rice shoot chlorophyll content:
The matrix of the different proportionings of table 4 the present invention is to the influence of rice shoot chlorophyll content
As can be seen from Table 4, the chlorophyll a content of T1, chlorophyll b content and total chlorophyll content are all handled high than other, show that the light absorbing ability of rice shoot and the photosynthetic ability of T1 matrix is strong.
Table 5 is influences that the matrix of the different proportionings of the present invention is grown to the rice seedling underground part:
The influence that the matrix of the different proportionings of table 5 the present invention is grown to the rice seedling underground part
The data of table 5 show: the longest adventive root of rice shoot of CK1 matrix is the longest, is 7.4967cm, and reaches significant difference with other processing.The indefinite radical of every strain and underground part fresh weight all with T2 at most, the rice shoot that each matrix cultivates, the underground part dry weight is more or less the same.The size of rooting ability is the key that determines that can rice shoot turn green rapidly and tiller, and the T1 root of hair is after 3 days, and its indefinite radical is only second to T2, and its longest adventive root handles longly than other, and difference reaches significance level, and the rice shoot root of hair ability of T1 processing is strong.
Therefore, in summary, though the rice shoot that T1 cultivates, the basic configuration of under ground portion root system is compared with other processing, is not fine, and its root of hair ability is stronger, is conducive to plant turn green rapidly behind the land for growing field crops and tiller.And the rice shoot acrial part, most of basic proterties is better than the rice shoot of other matrix treatments, and leaf area is big, the chlorophyll content height, photosynthesis is strong, and dry-matter accumulation is many, and rice shoot overground part quality is good.In conjunction with the proterties of rice shoot overground part and underground part, T1 can cultivate be fit to rice mechanical transplanting rice shoot, be the desirable matrix of rice mechanical transplanting seedling.
From above-mentioned result of the test as can be seen, the rice shoot that matrix of the present invention cultivates, its root of hair ability is stronger, is conducive to the machine transplanting of rice, and plants behind the land for growing field crops rice shoot and turn green rapidly and tiller.Simultaneously, the rice shoot acrial part, leaf area is big, and rice shoot is higher, and is more sturdy, the chlorophyll content height, photosynthesis is strong, and dry-matter accumulation is many, and seedling quality is good, and rice shoot does not have damage by disease and insect between nursery stage, can satisfy the requirement of high yield.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.Following explanation is the mode that exemplifies, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment one:
By volume part, get 20 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 28 parts of rice husk ashes, 15 parts of vermiculites, 15 parts of clays, 2 parts of perlites, 10 parts in brown coal, 10 parts of fertilizers respectively, mix, cross 2 mesh sieves, residue on sieve is pulverized the back again and is added, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention.
Embodiment two:
By volume part, get 20 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 38 parts of rice husk ashes, 10 parts of vermiculites, 15 parts of clays, 2 parts of perlites, 5 parts in brown coal, 10 parts of fertilizers respectively, mix, cross 2 mesh sieves, residue on sieve is pulverized the back again and is added, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention.
Embodiment three:
By volume part, get 25 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 33 parts of rice husk ashes, 10 parts of vermiculites, 10 parts of clays, 2 parts of perlites, 10 parts in brown coal, 10 parts of fertilizers respectively, mix, cross 2 mesh sieves, residue on sieve is pulverized the back again and is added, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention.
Embodiment four:
By volume part, get 30 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 28 parts of rice husk ashes, 15 parts of vermiculites, 10 parts of clays, 2 parts of perlites, 5 parts in brown coal, 10 parts of fertilizers respectively, mix, cross 2 mesh sieves, residue on sieve is pulverized the back again and is added, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention.
Embodiment five:
By volume part, get 30 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 32 parts of rice husk ashes, 10 parts of vermiculites, 10 parts of clays, 1 part of perlite, 5 parts in brown coal, 12 parts of fertilizers respectively, mix, cross 2 mesh sieves, residue on sieve is pulverized the back again and is added, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention.
Embodiment six:
By volume part, get 25 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 34 parts of rice husk ashes, 10 parts of vermiculites, 10 parts of clays, 3 parts of perlites, 10 parts in brown coal, 8 parts of fertilizers respectively, mix, cross 2 mesh sieves, residue on sieve is pulverized the back again and is added, the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention.
The rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of rice husk ash base of the present invention is fit to the cultivation of early, middle and late each strengthening seedling of rice machine in season.
Claims (7)
1. the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of a rice husk ash base is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
Peat composed of rotten mosses 20-30 rice husk ash 28-38 vermiculite 10-15 clay 10-15
Perlite 1-3 brown coal 5-10 fertilizer 8-12.
2. according to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the described rice husk ash base of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 20 rice husk ashes 28 vermiculites 15 clays 15
Perlite 2 brown coal 10 fertilizers 10.
3. according to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the described rice husk ash base of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 20 rice husk ashes 38 vermiculites 10 clays 15
Perlite 2 brown coal 5 fertilizers 10.
4. according to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the described rice husk ash base of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 25 rice husk ashes 33 vermiculites 10 clays 10
Perlite 2 brown coal 10 fertilizers 10.
5. according to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the described rice husk ash base of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 30 rice husk ashes 28 vermiculites 15 clays 10
Perlite 2 brown coal 5 fertilizers 10.
6. according to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the described rice husk ash base of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 30 rice husk ashes 32 vermiculites 10 clays 10
Perlite 1 brown coal 5 fertilizers 12.
7. according to the rice mechanical transplanting seedling matrix of the described rice husk ash base of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be that raw material by following percentage by volume mixes:
The peat composed of rotten mosses 25 rice husk ashes 34 vermiculites 10 clays 10
Perlite 3 brown coal 10 fertilizers 8.
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103864536B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-05-06 | 东北农业大学 | Full-nutrient paddy rice seedling breeding matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104472327B (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-11-23 | 俞俊越 | A kind of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104350990B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-02-08 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | Organic matrix seedling raising method for mechanically-planted paddy formula |
| CN104447005A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 何德 | Lightweight organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN104973965B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-01-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of rice strengthening root seedling medium and its production method |
| CN105218196B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-09-04 | 柳州市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of shrivelled kernel machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and preparation method thereof |
| CN105967915A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-09-28 | 刘墨轩 | Rice seedling culture medium and preparation method |
| CN106495912B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2020-02-07 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing machine-transplanted rice seedling raising substrate by taking decomposed corn straws as raw materials |
| CN106866254A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of raising rice seedlings compound nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108718997A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-02 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of seedling medium composition, seedling medium and preparation method thereof and the application in terms of seedling cultivation of rice |
| CN109287435A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof and the application in seedling cultivation of rice |
| CN116058250A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-05 | 湖南润湘土生物科技有限公司 | Rice seedling raising matrix formula and preparation method thereof |
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