CN102971179A - 无接触传输能量时的温度测量 - Google Patents

无接触传输能量时的温度测量 Download PDF

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CN102971179A
CN102971179A CN2011800334100A CN201180033410A CN102971179A CN 102971179 A CN102971179 A CN 102971179A CN 2011800334100 A CN2011800334100 A CN 2011800334100A CN 201180033410 A CN201180033410 A CN 201180033410A CN 102971179 A CN102971179 A CN 102971179A
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CN102971179B (zh
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B·埃利亚斯
F·施密特
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
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    • B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于给机动车（1）的蓄电池充电的能量的在用于接收能量的接收器（6）与用于发射能量的发射器（7）之间无接触的传输，其中，测量在发射器（7）和接收器（6）之间的区域内的温度。

Description

无接触传输能量时的温度测量
技术领域
本发明涉及无接触地传输能量以给机动车蓄电池充电。
背景技术
在电动车辆或混合动力车辆的动力蓄电池的充电过程中，一般没有人在整个充电过程的时间中都在场。因此人们不得不将这个过程大部分称为未监控的充电。
在无接触地传输能量时产生高磁通量密度。在能量发射器和能量接收器之间的区域中该磁通量密度特别大。这种磁场加热金属或能导电的物体。在一定情况下这些物体可以如此强地变热，使得导致其起火或燃烧。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的在于，使用于给机动车蓄电池充电的能量的无接触传输更可靠。
这一目的通过独立权利要求中所述的技术方案得到解决。由从属权利要求给出本发明有利的设计方案。
相应地，用于无接触地传输用于给机动车蓄电池充电的能量的设备具有用于接收能量的接收器，该能量由用于发射能量的发射器发出。此外该设备还具有用于测量发射器与接收器之间的区域内的温度的测量装置。
该区域在其纵向定向上尤其具有物体可以位于其中的近地空间。该区域在其水平延展上优选包括整个下述空间、即充电所需的电磁场以一可能引发物体的不许可的加热的场强在其中延伸的空间。这尤其包含由发射器与接收器之间假想的连接所界定的空间，但也优选用测量装置检测在上述由假想连接界定的空间四周往外超出10cm、更优选30cm的空间。
由此可以在传输能量期间、也就是充电过程中随时监测：发射器与接收器之间的中间空间内的物体是否被不许可地加热或超出极限温度。
发射器和/或接收器优选设计为线圈，特别是初级线圈和次级线圈，当无接触地传输能量时在它们之间存在中间空间。
接收器尤其设置在机动车上。在此尤其优选设置在机动车底部上，因为由此得到特别好的能量传输。发射器尤其设置在——例如车道形式的——可驶过的路基的表面上或该表面下面，从而机动车可停车以经由发射器无接触地传输能量。
用于测量温度的测量装置优选具有设置在机动车底部上的、具有一个或多个传感器的传感系统。传感器在此优选设计为能够测量和/或探测热辐射的传感器。此外传感器优选具有方向性，其中，多个传感器设置成具有不同的测量方向。
蓄电池优选是其能量可用于驱动机动车车轮的动力蓄电池。
此外优选的是，可以根据由测量装置所测得的温度控制该设备，其中在测量出温度和/或温度变化——从该温度和/或温度变化可以推断出发射器与接收器之间被加热的物体——时，可以中断用于给蓄电池充电的能量的无接触传输和/或可以减少每单位时间所传输的能量。
该设备设置用于，通过温度测量（遥测）来检测在无接触能量传输系统的初级线圈与次级线圈之间的中间空间中的干扰性的异物（并且仅只是干扰性的）。
机动车具有上述类型的设备。
在一用于在接收能量的接收器与发射能量的发射器之间无接触地传输用于给机动车蓄电池充电的能量的方法中，测量发射器和接收器之间的温度，并根据所测得的温度来控制该方法。
附图说明
由借助附图对实施例的说明得到本发明的其他特征和优点。其中：
图1示出机动车的侧视图，以及
图2示出位于机动车下面的物体的平面图。
具体实施方式
图1中可看到具有底部2和位于车道5上的车轮3、4的机动车1。
车轮3、4中的一个或多个由电机驱动，该电机由动力蓄电池输入能量。这种蓄电池可以通过用于无接触地传输能量的设备来充电，该设备具有用于接收用于充电的能量的接收器6。接收器6设计为机动车1的底部2内的线圈。
所述用于无接触地传输能量的设备的接收器6从发射器7接收能量以给蓄电池充电，该发射器设置于车道5上。
所述用于无接触地传输能量的设备具有用于测量发射器和接收器之间的温度的测量装置，该测量装置具有包括三个传感器8、9、10的、设置于机动车1的底部2上的传感系统。在一成本特别廉价的变型方案中，传感系统也可以仅具有传感器9。在此传感器既可以直接位于接收器6上，也可以位于底部2的区域内的其他位置。传感器8、9、10从不同方向检测待监控的区域。
在此，传感器9设置于接收器6上并具有直接向下且朝向发射器7的测量方向。其他传感器8、10设置在接收器6与发射器7之间的中间空间的侧面并具有朝向该中间空间内的测量方向。
在充电过程中，可以使传感器8、9、10中的至少一个检测所述线圈中间空间内的温度或温度变化。在此，唯一的传感器8、9或10已经足可以确保监控。由此可以识别出位于待监控的区域——在该区域上能量借助电磁场以较大规模被传输——内的物体11的加热或被加热的物体，并中断充电过程和/或减小充电功率。因此在充电过程中对能传导的物体的加热来说高磁通量密度不再是个问题，因为测量装置以其集成在机动车1的底部2上的传感系统8、9、10识别出被特别强地加热的物体，如盒/插座、钥匙/扳手、环/垫圈或金属板。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于无接触地传输用于给机动车（1）的蓄电池充电的能量的设备，所述设备具有用于从一用于发射能量的发射器（7）接收能量的接收器（6），其特征在于，所述设备具有用于测量所述发射器（7）与所述接收器（6）之间的区域内的温度的测量装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，通过所述测量装置能检测出超出温度限值。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述接收器（6）设计为线圈。
4.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述接收器（6）设置在所述机动车（1）上。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述测量装置具有设置在所述机动车（1）的底部（2）上的传感器（8、9、10）。
6.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述蓄电池是动力蓄电池。
7.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备能根据由所述测量装置测得的温度来控制，其中，在测量出温度和/或温度变化——从所述温度和/或温度变化能推断出所述发射器（7）与所述接收器（6）之间被加热的物体（11）——时，能中断用于给蓄电池充电的能量的无接触的传输和/或能减少每单位时间所传输的能量。
8.具有根据权利要求1至7之一所述的设备的机动车。
9.一种用于在一用于接收能量的接收器（6）与一用于发射能量的发射器（7）之间无接触地传输用于给机动车（1）的蓄电池充电的能量的方法，其中，对在所述发射器（7）与所述接收器（6）之间的区域内的温度进行测量，并根据所测得的温度控制该能量传输。
CN201180033410.0A 2010-07-09 2011-07-05 无接触传输能量时的温度测量 Active CN102971179B (zh)

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DE102010026780.5 2010-07-09
DE102010026780A DE102010026780A1 (de) 2010-07-09 2010-07-09 Messen einer Temperatur bei einer kontaktlosen Übertragung von Energie
PCT/EP2011/003315 WO2012003957A2 (de) 2010-07-09 2011-07-05 Messen einer temperatur bei einer kontaktlosen übertragung von energie

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CN102971179B (zh) 2015-10-07
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