CN102960833B - Camellia seed shelling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A camellia seed shelling machine includes a frame, a feeding device, a shelling device, a cleaning and separating device, and a transmission device. Composed of a conical splitter, the conical splitter is installed at the connection between the feeding device and the shelling device, and is used to evenly flow the fed material into the shelling chamber, and the shelling device is composed of the shelling chamber and the lower shell of the shelling chamber The shelling chamber is composed of a tooth plate, a spinner, etc., including a spinner, a main shaft, a universal joint, and a tooth plate; the spinner is in the shape of a cone, and there are several blades on it, which are set on the universal joint through a key connection. The joint output end; the tooth plate is fixed in the shell of the shelling chamber; the lower shell of the shelling chamber is conically connected with the cleaning and separating device. The invention has high production efficiency and husking rate, can effectively separate tea seeds from sundries, improves the purity of seeds, can perform husking and cleaning at one time, has few processing steps, and has low manufacturing cost.

Description

Camellia seed shelling machine

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural product processing machine, in particular to a sheller for camellia oleifera seeds, which is suitable for the sheller of nuts such as camellia oleifera fruit.

Background technique

Camellia oleifera is a unique woody oil plant in China, which is widely planted in the south of the Yangtze River. Although my country has researched and developed some camellia seed shelling machines, its development is quite slow, far behind the development of the planting industry, and there are not many mature models and mass production, which are far from meeting the actual needs. Moreover, most of the existing camellia seed shelling machines adopt shelling methods such as grinding, pressing, squeezing, and grinding. These methods have certain requirements for the shape and size of the seeds, and classification treatment is required before shelling, and it is difficult to separate the shell kernels after shelling. Large, increasing the production process, reducing the quality of oil and production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a high production efficiency and husking rate, which can effectively separate the tea seeds from sundries, improve the purity of the grains, and can perform husking, cleaning and processing at one time. The utility model relates to a camellia seed shelling machine with few processes and low manufacturing cost.

A camellia seed shelling machine comprises a frame, a feeding device, a shelling device, a cleaning and separating device, a power device and a transmission device connected with the power device, the shelling device includes a shelling chamber, and the shelling device The chamber is a closed cylinder, the top of the shelling chamber is provided with a feed port, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port. The inner walls of the shelling chamber are equipped with toothed tooth plates. There is a spinner, the position of the spinner corresponds to the position of the feed inlet, the spinner is a disc with the middle part sunken inward, and the spinner is provided with a plurality of Protruding blades in an annular array, the bottom of the spinner is installed on the main shaft through a universal joint at the position of the central axis of the spinner, the main shaft is driven to rotate by a transmission device, and the feeding device is installed on the On the feed port of the shelling device, the inlet of the cleaning and separating device communicates with the discharge port of the shelling chamber, and the cleaning and separating device includes a vibrating screen arranged below the inlet, and the vibrating screen's One end of the screen is provided with an inclination angle with the horizontal plane, and an air channel wrapping the entire screen is provided under the vibrating screen, the air inlet of the air channel is connected with the air outlet of the fan, and the vibrating screen is tilted downward. One end is provided with a tea shell outlet, and the vibrating sieve is provided with a tea seed outlet at an upwardly inclined end.

Below the feeding port of the shelling chamber, a conical flow divider is arranged to make the fed material evenly flow into the shelling chamber.

The feeding device is provided with a feeding volume regulating plate for adjusting the feeding volume.

The vibrating screen includes a screen, a vibrating screen support plate, a vibrating screen adjusting plate and a vibrating device that drives the vibration of the screen. One end of the screen is hinged to one end of the vibrating screen adjusting plate, and the other end is provided with an adjustable height A support rod, the screen is installed on the other end of the vibrating screen adjusting plate through the adjustable height supporting rod, the vibrating screen adjusting plate is installed on the vibrating screen supporting plate and the vibrating screen adjusting plate The angle between the supporting plate of the vibrating screen can be adjusted, and a plurality of supporting rods are hinged under the four corners of the supporting plate of the vibrating screen, and the other end of the supporting rods is hinged on the frame. The vibrating device includes The eccentric wheel and the auxiliary shaft, the auxiliary shaft is installed on the frame through the bearing, the transmission device drives the auxiliary shaft to rotate, the eccentric wheel is installed at one end of the auxiliary shaft, the eccentric wheel is connected with the vibrating rod One end of the supporting plate of the vibrating screen is connected, and the vibrating screen is supported on the frame through the supporting rod and the vibrating rod.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned structure, the present invention has the following advantages: in the shelling chamber, the universal joint transmission is first adopted to make the throwing disc rotate in a certain plane, rubbing and hitting the camellia seed, and then throwing it out to make it collide with the ring gear and separate it from the ring gear. shell, so that the shelling can be adapted to different sizes of grains, and there is no need for grading treatment before shelling, thereby improving production efficiency and shelling rate; secondly, a gravity sorting mechanism is proposed in the cleaning mechanism, which can effectively separate the tea The seeds and sundries are separated to improve the purity of the seeds. Finally, the design is simple and compact, and can be shelled and cleaned at one time, with less processing steps and low manufacturing costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 1(b) is an enlarged view of Figure 1(a) I;

Figure 1(c) is an enlarged view of Figure 1(a) II;

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1 (a) of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (a) is the structural schematic diagram of spinner of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (b) is the sectional view of Fig. 3 (a) A;

Fig. 4 (a) is the structural representation of vibrating screen of the present invention;

Figure 4(b) is the left side view of Figure 4(a).

Fig. 5 (a) is the structural representation of the vibrating screen adjusting plate of the present invention;

Fig. 5(b) is a left side view of Fig. 5(a).

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific implementation manner of this patent is described in further detail.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, this device adopts the principle of shelling combined with centrifugal impact method and rubbing and the cleaning principle of gravity separation. The structure includes: feeding hopper 1, feeding amount adjustment plate 2, conical flow divider 16 , shelling chamber 17, tooth plate 3, spinner plate 4, universal joint 5, main shaft 6, gear box 7, drive shaft 9, pulley 8, frame 18, vibrating screen 24, vibrating screen support plate 19, vibrating screen adjustment Plate 10, pulley 11, eccentric wheel 12, auxiliary shaft 13, bearing 14, support base 15, vibrating bar 26, support bar 27, seed hopper 21, shell hopper 25, blower fan 23, air duct 22, motor 20. Wherein, the feeding regulating plate 2 is arranged between the feeding hopper 1 and the shelling chamber 17; the conical flow divider 16 is welded on the feed port of the shelling chamber 17; the spinner 4 is welded with several blades 41, and the spinner 4 It is arranged on the upper end of the output end of the universal joint 5 through a key connection; the tooth plate 3 is provided with protruding teeth, the tooth direction is parallel to the main shaft direction, and is fixed on the inside of the shelling chamber 17, and the tooth plate 3 is installed on the spinner 4. In the track where the tea seeds fly out when shaking; the screen of the vibrating screen 24 is installed on the vibrating screen adjusting plate 10 through the adjustable height support rod 28, adjust the bolts on the vibrating screen adjusting plate 10 and the vibrating screen supporting plate 19, It is in a two-way inclined state; the eccentric wheel 12 is tightly fitted and fixed at one end of the auxiliary shaft 13; the main shaft 6 is driven by the pulley 8 and the gearbox 7; the auxiliary shaft 13 is driven by the pulley 11; the motor 20 and the transmission device are connected to the frame by bolts On 18, motor 20 drives belt pulley 8 and belt pulley 11 to rotate by transmission device, and frame 18 is welded by angle steel and steel plate, and shelling chamber 17 is located on the frame 18 by bolt connection.

As shown in Figure 1(b), the universal joint 5 is arranged between the output end of the main shaft 6 and the spinner 4, so that the spinner 4 can rotate in a certain plane.

As shown in Figure 1 (c), the bolts on the vibrating screen adjusting plate 10 control the lateral inclination, as shown in Figure 5, a support plate is provided below the vibrating screen adjusting plate 10, and the supporting plate is provided with a waist-shaped hole for vibrating The sieve adjusting plate 10 is connected to the vibrating screen supporting plate 19 through the bolts installed in the waist-shaped hole, and the longitudinal inclination between the vibrating screen adjusting plate 10 and the vibrating sieve supporting plate 19 can be adjusted through the adjustment and fixing of the bolts. The plate 10 and the vibrating screen support plate 19 make the screen cloth of the vibrating screen be in a bidirectional inclined state.

The basic structure of the spinner 4 shown in Fig. 3, on the spinner 4, 8 blades 41 are welded by radial distribution, so that the teaseeds are thrown out after hitting and rubbing with the tea seeds.

The basic structure of the vibrating screen 24 shown in Figure 4, the vibrating screen 24 adopts a rectangular workbench, and the mesh surface adopts a wire braided mesh to make.

When working, after the camellia seed enters the feeding hopper 1, it forms a thin layer and falls into the shelling chamber 17 through the lower conical diverter 16. Since the spinner 4 is in an inclined state, it will be in a certain plane through the transmission of the universal joint. Rotating back and forth inside, the tea seeds are impacted and rubbed by the high-speed rotating blades 41 to break the camellia oleifera seeds, and fly out at a large centrifugal speed, and collide with the tooth plate 3 in the shelling box to realize shelling. The husked grains and shells fall into the vibrating sieve 24 through the lower shell to form a certain thick layer. The downward inclined end of the screen of the vibrating sieve 24 is provided with a tea husk outlet, and the vibrating sieve 24 is on the support rod 27 of the tea husk outlet. A shell hopper 25 communicating with the tea shell outlet is installed, and the vibrating screen 24 is provided with a tea seed outlet on an upwardly inclined end. The connected seed hopper 21, the eccentric wheel 12 is connected with the vibrating screen support plate 19 through the vibrating rod 26, the vibrating screen 24 is in a two-way inclined state, the longitudinal inclination angle is α angle, and the transverse inclination angle is β angle. Driven by the eccentric wheel 12, the net The surface is reciprocatingly vibrated, and its action simulates the movement of a person using a dustpan to sieve and separate seeds and shells. Under the action of mechanical vibration and updraft, the material is in a semi-suspension state. For seeds with roughly the same size and shape and high density, they sink, and seed shells with low density float up, resulting in automatic layering according to density. At the same time, under the appropriate vibration and airflow parameters, the lower layer of tea seeds is affected by the mesh surface and slides vertically, while the upper layer of seed shells does not contact the mesh surface, but slides down longitudinally along the material layer. Due to the horizontal inclination of the mesh surface at an angle of β, and the continuous flow of materials Feeding from the high end makes the longitudinally separated particles of different densities flow laterally along different trajectories to realize the separation of camellia oleifera seed husks from the grains, and finally the tea seed hopper 21 flows out, and the tea husk husk 25 flows out.

Claims (4)

1. a tea seed hulling machine, comprise frame, drawing-in device, hulling device, clean separator, power set and the transmission device being connected with power set, it is characterized in that: described hulling device comprises shelling chamber, described shelling chamber is the cylindrical shell of a sealing, top, described shelling chamber is provided with charging aperture, below is provided with discharging opening, on the surrounding inwall of described shelling chamber, toothed tooth plate is installed, described shelling indoor location has throwing disc, the position of described throwing disc is corresponding with the position of described charging aperture, described throwing disc is the disk that middle part caves inward, described throwing disc is provided with the protruding blade of multiple central axis annular arrays along described throwing disc, the bottom of described throwing disc is arranged on main shaft by universal joint in the position of described throwing disc central axis, described main shaft is by transmission device driven rotary, described drawing-in device is arranged on the charging aperture of described hulling device, described import of cleaning separator is communicated with the discharging opening of described shelling chamber, the described separator of cleaning comprises the vibratory sieve that is arranged on described import below, one end of the screen cloth of described vibratory sieve and horizontal plane are provided with an inclination angle, the below of described vibratory sieve is provided with the air channel of the whole screen cloth of parcel, the air inlet in described air channel is connected with the air outlet of blower fan, described vibratory sieve is provided with the outlet of tea shell on downward-sloping one end, described vibratory sieve is provided with the outlet of tea seed on acclivitous one end.

2. tea seed hulling machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the charging aperture below of described shelling chamber is provided with the tapered shunting device that makes the material of feeding evenly flow into shelling chamber.

3. according to tea seed hulling machine described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described drawing-in device is provided with the feed quantity adjustable plate that regulates inlet amount.

4. tea seed hulling machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described vibratory sieve comprises screen cloth, vibratory sieve gripper shoe, vibratory sieve adjustable plate and the vibrating device that drives screen cloth to vibrate, one end of described screen cloth is hinged on one end of described vibratory sieve adjustable plate, the other end is provided with adjustable-height support bar, described screen cloth is arranged on the other end of described vibratory sieve adjustable plate by described adjustable-height support bar, described vibratory sieve adjustable plate be arranged in described vibratory sieve gripper shoe and described vibratory sieve adjustable plate and described vibratory sieve gripper shoe between angle adjustable, the below of four angle ends of described vibratory sieve gripper shoe is hinged with multiple support bars, the other end of described support bar is hinged in frame, described vibrating device comprises eccentric wheel and countershaft, described countershaft is arranged in described frame by bearing, transmission device drives described countershaft rotation, described eccentric wheel is arranged on one end of described countershaft, described eccentric wheel is connected with one end of described vibratory sieve gripper shoe by vibrating arm, described vibratory sieve is supported in described frame by described support bar and described vibrating arm.