CN102939185A - 用于液压锤的装置 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/04—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously of the hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
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- B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
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Abstract
一种用于液压锤(1)的装置,其用以防止由弹射的碎块引起的损害,所述液压锤中具有液压冲击系统和用于执行工作的加工头(2)。所述装置由保护罩(6)形成,所述保护罩特别通过液压缸(7,8)能够下降至与所述加工头(2)等高。保护罩(6)由基本圆形的护套形成,其内主要采用再生材料,例如回收的车辆轮胎、运输垫或类似物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于液压锤的装置,特别涉及一种装置,借助该装置能够保护周围事物免遭破坏。
背景技术
液压操作的冲击装置、液压锤、铲锤(hoe ram)、碎石机、液压冲击锤,所有这些都是已有50余年历史的工具名称。现今,已知有为数众多的锤,并且它们的应用相当广泛。液压锤通常连接至挖掘机的起重臂,进而挖掘机的液压借助适合的软管连接到该液压锤。
液压锤应用于例如在挖掘工作中粉碎被霜冻结的土壤。常常使用凿式头部,装置的冲击力集中在该头部上。第二常见的应用是拆毁工作,其中常出现混凝土结构,对混凝土结构的拆除和破坏是特别适合液压锤的工作。
第三种应用是石头或岩床的破碎。很明显液压锤不会用来代替大型建筑工地上的爆破,但是常会出现石头或岩石露出地面,而它们由于其大小或所在位置而不希望被爆破。
尤其是用在相关的混凝土和石头中的高压以抛掷材料到周围的方式使材料破碎。于是周围物件处于危险中,而出于某个或其它原因处在附近的人更危险。对人而言危害特别严重。
根据现有技术,已知有用以吸收和收集尘土的防护罩,来保持工作环境的清洁。已知还有这样的装置,其以同样的方式来减弱由冲击锤引起的震动。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于为弹射的碎片和碎块的问题提出解决方案。特别是,其目的在于建立稳固的结构,其能够有效地防止弹射的石头和其它材料四处飞弹到工作场地的外面而带来危险。另外一个目的是提供一种装置,该装置也对环境友好。
本发明的前述以及其它优点和益处以所附权利要求中的特征所描述的方式来实现。
附图说明
下面,参照所附的示意性附图对本发明进行更详细的描述,其中附图示出了本发明的一个较佳实施例的简图。
图1示出了以局部透明的侧剖视图所看到的配备有根据本发明的装置的组件;以及
图2示出了相同的结构,但其为从一定角度看过去的部分分离开的结构。
具体实施方式
因此,附图示出了一种液压锤,其配备有根据本发明所述的装置。附图绘制成透明的。液压锤1通常为某种组件,其中液压软管(图中未示出)引入到该组件内,且被借助来在加工头(work point)2或加工点处实现冲击作用的所有元件位于该组件内。图中,所述锤的主体由附图标记3所标记,用于产生冲击所需的一些元件由附图标记4所标记。这样的组件借助于适合的机构连接至挖掘机的起重臂。由于其常规的性质,该连接机构也未在附图中示出,但用附图标记5来表示连接平面,适合的(特别是快速释放的)锁定连接机构连接至该连接平面。
当这样的液压锤用于击碎硬质材料例如岩石时,很明显,由于极大的力,不同大小的碎块和碎片从加工头处飞弹至周围。如所述,这些弹射的部分既会引起材料的损坏,尤其是又会给附近的人造成人身伤害。
根据本发明,通过为液压锤附加如图所示的保护罩6可以避免上述损坏和伤害,所述保护罩6能被提升至较高位并且降低至图中示出的较低位,在所述较高位操作者能看见所述加工头的位置,在所述较低位它能保护周围事物。用于提升和降低所述保护罩的液压缸7,8在其下端通过凸耳9,10连接至保护罩6,并且在其上端借助凸耳11,12连接至所述锤的主体结构。以公知的方式,用于操作液压缸的液压已存在于所示的装置中。液压缸7,8主要为双作用缸。
如有必要,可将适合的引导件连接至所述锤1的主体3,所述引导件确保所述保护罩按要求移动。这样的引导件可以按照滑块-导轨的原理工作,但也许操作更可靠的可选方式为采用短臂,该短臂连接至所述锤的主体并且在另一端连接至所述保护罩,并且当移动到靠近所述锤的主体时,短臂引导保护罩至较低位,随后当提升保护罩时,已根据所述臂的长度做出曲线的保护罩也移动至靠近所述主体的较高位。
根据本发明的一个更佳的实施方式,保护罩6至少主要由再生材料所制造。因此,基本上圆柱形的裙部的材料可以从不能再使用的传送带(例如在许多工业部门中不时地更换和替换的那些传送带)中获取。该材料必须足够结实以便截住弹射的石头并且防止它们进入周围环境。
能够有利地用于构造本发明的另一再生材料为不能再用的轮胎,较佳地为载重轮胎。这些轮胎的一侧被去除。这用附图标记13示出。护套6以适合的方式(例如采用螺纹连接)连接至轮胎13的胎面。
从图2中可以清楚地看到,根据本发明的保护罩形成具有盖14的基本闭合的杯状结构。所述盖14主要被叠置到该结构的其余部分并配备有形状与液压锤的主体类似的开口15。在最佳情况下,盖14为围绕液压锤的主体3的本质上紧闭的装置。因为在大多数情况下所述主体主要为方形,而且还如果盖14上有用于所述主体3的孔(其相对较紧的围绕所述主体),那么将会自然地形成引导,并且通过使用液压缸,保护罩可以上升或下落,而由于所述孔,保护罩在所有位置上仍能稳固在位。另一个方面在于,因为保护罩一方面相对于基座形成闭合空间,并且另一方面由于所述盖14绕所述主体紧密安装,可以减少粉尘特别是噪音危害。
常常以加工头压至比它周围的区域更低的方式来使用液压锤,导致这样的状况,其中保护罩仍然携带着液压锤的加工头使其远离周围的区域。为了避免这种状况,根据加工头2如何在工作场地向下压而使用液压缸7,8来举起保护罩6。如有必要,可以使这一功能自动化。
根据本发明的第二实施例,不使用液压缸,相反,特别具有环状形状的保护罩6以悬挂的方式吊在与液压锤的主体3的上部区域连接的链条上。将不会发生上述的携带。保护罩可以借助滑块导轨或允许保护罩竖直移动的类似物而不是链条来连接至所述主体3。若在工作状态液压锤相对于地面或者其它加工表面向下压,则保护罩将沿着滑块导轨自动上升。
显然,如所示出的保护罩6为用于防止可能在所有方向发生的损害的有效保护。如果需要,保护罩也可以制造成两个或更多个部分。在结构和制造方面,形成一体的环的结构为最佳选择。
如所述,可以使用车辆轮胎作为所述结构的一部分。但是如果希望,护套部分6特别地也可以由车辆不能再使用的大尺寸轮胎或者由置于彼此顶部的两个轮胎部分来制造。车辆轮胎的胎面在抗冲击方面极其耐用。这样的方案低廉且完全可行,并且就其部件而言,也解决了关于轮胎的回收利用的问题。胎面的磨损丝毫不会有损保护罩的操作或可靠性。
但是,很明显可以使用任何材料和任意形状来构造所述保护罩,因为根据本发明的基本构思圆形形状决不是必要的。
根据本发明的装置也能够相对简单地对现有的碎石机结构进行改型,从而使很大比例的现有结构能被带入到安全工作的范围内。
本发明除了能够防止石头或类似物弹射之外,还有助于减少在工作中产生的粉尘,而且特别是根据本发明所使用的坚固材料还可以有力地减少在这种类型的工作中经常产生的有害的噪音。
上面提出了本发明的一些可行的可选方案。在本发明的基本构思和所附权利要求的保护范围内可以有多种变化。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于液压锤(1)的装置,其用以防止由弹射的碎块引起的损害,所述液压锤内具有液压冲击系统和用于执行工作的加工头(2),其特征在于:所述装置由保护罩形成,其能够下降至与所述加工头(2)等高,并且配备有基本闭合的护套(6)和其内具有开口(15)的盖(14),所述保护罩形成基本闭合的空间并且成形成围绕所述液压锤的主体(3)配合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:通过使用一个液压缸或多个液压缸(7,8),所述保护罩能够下降和上升。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:所述保护罩(6)自由悬置,在该情况下,其悬挂在链条或类似物上,或者连接至引导件。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:所述保护罩(6)由基本为圆形的环构成,所述环为一体的或分为若干部分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:所述保护罩(6)主要由车辆轮胎、传送带或者指定用于再循环的类似物的部分组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:所述装置还包括引导件,用以引导其在预期的路径上的向上/向下运动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于:所述引导件由所述装置的盖(14)中的开口(15)形成,所述开口(15)的形状和尺寸与所述锤的主体(3)的横截面基本对应。
8.根据上述权利要求中的任一项所述的装置,其特征在于:所述液压缸(7,8)在其上端通过凸耳(11,12)连接至所述液压锤的主体,并且在其下端通过凸耳(9,10)连接至所述保护罩。
9.根据上述权利要求中的任一项所述的装置,其特征在于:所述保护罩的竖向尺寸大于所述加工头(2)的长度。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FI20105455A FI20105455A0 (fi) | 2010-04-26 | 2010-04-26 | Laite hydraulivasaraan |
FI20105455 | 2010-04-26 | ||
PCT/FI2011/050373 WO2011135178A1 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2011-04-26 | Device for a hydraulic hammer |
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CN102939185A true CN102939185A (zh) | 2013-02-20 |
CN102939185B CN102939185B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
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CN201180020999.0A Active CN102939185B (zh) | 2010-04-26 | 2011-04-26 | 用于液压锤的装置 |
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US (1) | US10399196B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2563550B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6132763B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20130062278A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102939185B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2011247193B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2797330C (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2563550T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2765009T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI20105455A0 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1182359A1 (zh) |
HR (1) | HRP20200011T1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUE047334T2 (zh) |
LT (1) | LT2563550T (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2563550T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2563550T (zh) |
RS (1) | RS59771B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2590763C2 (zh) |
SI (1) | SI2563550T1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011135178A1 (zh) |
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US11981013B2 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2024-05-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Dust cover for hammer work tool |
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GB1603874A (en) * | 1978-04-26 | 1981-12-02 | Nat Res Dev | Silencers |
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CA2797330C (en) | 2018-03-20 |
EP2563550A4 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
US20130327553A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
ES2765009T3 (es) | 2020-06-05 |
CN102939185B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP2563550B1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
HUE047334T2 (hu) | 2020-04-28 |
FI20105455A0 (fi) | 2010-04-26 |
PL2563550T3 (pl) | 2020-05-18 |
JP6132763B2 (ja) | 2017-05-24 |
DK2563550T3 (da) | 2020-01-27 |
RU2012147734A (ru) | 2014-06-10 |
JP2013525643A (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
CA2797330A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
PT2563550T (pt) | 2020-01-21 |
AU2011247193B2 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
US10399196B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
RU2590763C2 (ru) | 2016-07-10 |
HK1182359A1 (zh) | 2013-11-29 |
HRP20200011T1 (hr) | 2020-03-20 |
RS59771B1 (sr) | 2020-02-28 |
EP2563550A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
KR20130062278A (ko) | 2013-06-12 |
LT2563550T (lt) | 2020-04-10 |
AU2011247193A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
SI2563550T1 (sl) | 2020-03-31 |
WO2011135178A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
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