CN102924141A - Process for utilizing three abandoned proteins and thoroughly-decomposed cow dung to produce growth-promoting bio-organic fertilizer and product thereof - Google Patents
Process for utilizing three abandoned proteins and thoroughly-decomposed cow dung to produce growth-promoting bio-organic fertilizer and product thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a process for utilizing three abandoned proteins and thoroughly-decomposed cow dung to produce a growth-promoting bio-organic fertilizer and a product thereof and belongs to agricultural intensive production technologies. A used formula comprises, by dry weight, 75% of thoroughly-decomposed cow dung ordinary manure, 5% of alga ooze, 10% of abandoned feather puffing powder and 10% of rapeseed meal. A used strain is a growth-promoting bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR-9. The process comprises mixing the raw materials according to the optimum formula, adding 5% of growth-promoting bio-control bacteria by volume mass, performing strip stack type fermentation, performing overturning once each day, and fermenting for 6-7d. The number of beneficial viable bacteria in the produced fertilizer is lager than 2*10<8>CFU/g by dry weight (similarly hereinafter), the content of total nitrogen is 2-3%, the content of total NPK nutrient is 6-8%, the content of organic matter is larger than 45%, and the content of microcystin LR and the content of microcystin RR are both lower than 4ug/kg. The growth-promoting bio-organic fertilizer is rich in beneficial amino acid, low in production cost and high in growth-promoting effect and can be applied to food crops and vegetables and the like.
Description
One, technical field
The invention provides and utilize three kinds of discarded albumen and short technique and the product of giving birth to biological organic fertilizer of decomposed cow dung production, belong to the intensive agriculture production technology, this biological organic fertilizer is rich in the function yeast of a large amount of promotion plant growths, contains simultaneously total free aminoacids, can significantly promote crop growth.
Two, background technology
In recent years, the breakout of cyanobacteria blooms phenomenon appears in each Big Lakes in succession both at home and abroad, and the lake eutrophication problem obtains people's concern day by day.Salvaging the blue-green algae method is that very effective and academia does not have controversial a kind of method at present.Because it is larger to drag for the algae water content, reaches 88%, to take up an area morely, blue-green algae is explored its recycling more meaningful as a kind of biomass resource.Contain the abundant nutrition compositions such as vegetable-protein, polysaccharide in the blue-green alga bloom, these resources are transformed, may realize Taihu Lake blue-green algae wasted resources, reduce the secondary pollution of dragging for algae, it is turned waste into wealth, turn harm into good.But contain the macromolecular substance such as toxin, albumen in the raw material blue-green algae, without processing meeting secondary pollution environment (nitrogen, phosphorus, algae toxin), and nutrient can not be directly by plants utilization (Du Jing, " research of Taihu Lake bloom blue algae resource technology " [D], Agricultural University Of Nanjing, 2008, master thesis; Han Zhiguo, Wu Baowang, Zheng Xiesheng, etc. the cyanophycean toxin progress (summary) [J] in the poisons in freshwater. Ji'nan University's journal: natural science edition, 2001,22 (3): 129-134; Yang Hailin, Li Kelang, Zhang Ling, etc. the research [J] of blue algae resource innoxious use technology. biotechnology, 2008,18 (6): 95-98).Therefore, need to develop and utilize.
Development along with China's animal husbandry, discarded poultry feather is more and more, the rough estimates annual production has reached more than 70 ten thousand tons, and not by processing and utilization reasonably, be wasted as abundant protein resource, simultaneously also caused serious environmental pollution, therefore, it is imperative that the highly-efficient processing of waste feathers is utilized.Adopt the expanded feather method of novel feather expander to produce amino acid, have technique simple, easy to operate, use safety, production cost is low, the characteristics such as non-environmental-pollution.This technology makes disulfide linkage and the thorough cracking of peptide hydrogen bond in the feather keratoprotein, and the quaternary structure of protein is in loose breaking state, makes expanded feather meal obtain slaking and sterilization.
Salvage the water content of algae mud between 86-89%, the full N content of algae mud dry-matter is 7.5-8.5%, and full P content is 0.44%, and full K content is 0.5%; Organic content is greater than 70%.(1, Shen Yinwu, Liu Yongding, Wu Guoqiao, etc. the mechanical removal [J] of eutrophic lake Dian Chi bloom blue algae. the hydrobiont journal, 2004,25 (2): research Southern Yangtze University Master's thesis 2009 page 2 of 131-136.2, the quick aerobic compost of blue-green algae).This patent is salvaged Abundant protein, the polysaccharide that algae mud and waste feathers bulking flour are rich in from Taihu Lake, utilize such resource and the common decomposed cow dung compost secondary solid rhizosphere growth-promoting spore bacillus that sprouts of fermenting, and has developed the promoting crop growth biological organic fertilizer.
The essential characteristic of biological organic fertilizer is to contain microorganism specific function, that show certain fertilizer effect, and the vital movement of these functional microorganisms is key factors that biological organic fertilizer is better than other fertilizer.Therefore the key that biological organic fertilizer plays a role is beneficial microorganism quantity in the fertilizer, studies different prescriptions and secondary solid zymotechnique and guarantees that viable count reaches the highest in the fertilizer and become particularly important.Improve at present functional microorganism quantity in the biological organic fertilizer, method commonly used is to add a large amount of exogenous amino acids in the secondary solid fermenting process.Such amino acid whose kind is a lot, and such as dish cake, soya-bean cake etc., but this amino acid cost is very high, especially soya-bean cake.Seek and develop novel low-cost amino acid, the cost of decrease biological organic fertilizer, the meaning that becomes is particularly great.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem the object of the invention is problem expensive for the biological organic fertilizer production cost and that function yeast quantity can not get ensureing, develop a kind of algae mud, waste feathers powder of utilizing and be the amino acid starting material in the biological organic fertilizer formula, develop the composition and engineering of the short living biological organic fertilizer that is rich in functional microorganism and total free aminoacids.
Technical scheme
Bacterial strain uses therefor is the rhizosphere growth-promoting spore bacillus SQR9 of sprouting, and separates from the cucumber rhizosphere soil, and this bacterial strain gramstaining is positive, is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, and culture presevation number is CGMCC NO.5808.Be accredited as bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens).The SQR9 bacterial strain is 30 ℃ in culture temperature, and initial pH is 7.0~8.0, and carbon source is glucose or sucrose, can reach maximum increment when nitrogenous source is peptone or yeast extract paste.That children's culture form in age is is shaft-like, have a mobility, produces gemma, gemma shape ovalize, and sporangiocyst expands, and bacterium colony is irregular, dry, opaque.
Utilize the short technique of giving birth to biological organic fertilizer of three kinds of discarded albumen and decomposed cow dung production, comprising:
1) will urge living bacterium SQR9 and be inoculated in the PDA nutrient solution, and carry out liquid fermenting production, the condition of fermentative production is: pH growth scope nature, 30~35 ℃ of culture temperature scopes, stirring velocity is 180~300 rev/mins, and the fermentation middle and later periods forms gemma, makes to contain bacterium or gemma amount 〉=1 * 10 in the fermented liquid
9Individual/ml.Used PDA nutrient solution compound method is, to prepare the 1L substratum as example: be cut into small pieces to be put in the water after peeling with the 200g potato and boil, boil 30min after the boiling, add after filtering the 20g common sucrose in the filtrate, be settled to 1000ml, the pH value transfers to 7.0-7.6,121 ℃ of sterilization 20min.
2) be that the decomposed cow dung compost of 5% algae mud (dry weight), 10% waste feathers bulking flour, 10% dish cake and 75% evenly mixes with mass ratio;
3) the short living bacterium liquid of SQR9 is inoculated algae mud, waste feathers bulking flour, dish cake and become thoroughly decomposed after the cow dung compost mixture in carry out solid fermentation, add short living bacterium liquid 50L in the SOLID ORGANIC material per ton, turning every day is 1 time in the solid fermentation process, make the solid fermentation temperature be no more than 50 ℃, ferment and finish after 6-7 days, the short bacterial content of giving birth to can reach 2 * 10
8More than the CFU/g (fertilizer dry weight), the water content that is no more than under 60 ℃ the condition microbial organic fertilizer in temperature at last is evaporated to below 30%, and packing is dispatched from the factory and is the short biological organic fertilizer of giving birth to of finished product.Its germination index of cow dung compost after used the becoming thoroughly decomposed is more than 98%, quality of organic matter ratio content 〉=45%, and the organonitrogen quality is 2-3% than content, the water content mass ratio is 25-30%.
With useful viable count>2 * 10 in the short living biological organic fertilizer of above-mentioned Recipe production
8CFU/g (fertilizer dry weight), total nitrogen content is 2-3%, total nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrition is 6-8%, organic content 〉=45%.The content of microcysin LR and RR all is lower than 4ug/kg in this product.
Beneficial effect the invention provides a kind of three kinds of waste protein and short composition and engineering of giving birth to biological organic fertilizer of decomposed cow dung development of utilizing.
The short living biological organic fertilizer that uses this invention to produce has the functional microorganism of being rich in and total free aminoacids, and short living effective advantage is fit to the cash crop planting area big area such as vegetables, fruit tree and uses.The present invention is for preserving the ecological environment, and the protection people's is healthy, and the added value that improves agricultural-food has great importance.
Product is compared with product in the market has following advantage:
1) the common fertile conduct prescription of algae mud, waste feathers bulking flour, a small amount of dish cake and decomposed cow dung is salvaged in this patent Taihu Lake, secondary solid fermentation rhizosphere growth-promoting is given birth to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9, developed lower-cost short living biological organic fertilizer, this prescription and technique can the decrease biological organic fertilizer cost, the simultaneously effect by microorganism, macromole algae albumen in the blue-green algae can be broken down into micromolecular amino acid, can directly utilize for plant, the algae toxin can be greatly reduced, and the product of production has the very strong market competitiveness.
2) protein content can be up to more than 50% in the algae mud, waste feathers amyloid proteins content can be up to more than 85%, the two amino acid profiles is more complete, contain abundant dissolved organic carbon nitrogen and the amino acid of A wide selection of colours and designs, can provide very superior growing environment to function yeast, the content of high efficient strain is greater than 2 * 10 in the biological organic fertilizer that develops
8More than the CFU/g (fertilizer dry weight), energy formation advantage group after being manured into soil, and in soil, under the survival, greatly improved the ability that function is grown and brought into play to short living bacterium deciding in soil.
3) content of algae toxin LR and RR in the employing liquid chromatography for measuring biological organic fertilizer, the result shows that the content of microcysin LR and RR all is lower than 4ug/kg (fertilizer dry weight), the content of microcysin LR and RR is respectively 3.1mg/kg (algae mud fresh weight) and 62.16mg/kg (algae mud fresh weight) in the pure algae mud of raw material and we record, therefore can be with the content of algae toxin LR and RR below 4ug/kg (fertilizer dry weight) behind the algae mud recycling the art of this patent solid fermentation the bimester of the placement, the standard that does not also have at present algae toxin in the fertilizer both at home and abroad, standard in the underground water is only arranged, be lower than 1ug/kg.
4) abundant amino acid resource can promote plant growth in the while fertilizer, and test-results shows, after vegetable sprout term is used this product, can significantly promote the growth of crop.
Four, description of drawings
The quantity of the short living bacterium of Fig. 1 different material prescription solid fermentation
The short quantity of giving birth to the short living bacterium of bio-organic fertilizer special prescription solid fermentation of Fig. 2
The short content of giving birth to the bio-organic fertilizer special total free aminoacids of Fig. 3
The short figure that gives birth to of Fig. 4 cucumber
The short figure that gives birth to of Fig. 5 eggplant
Biological preservation
The rhizosphere growth-promoting spore bacillus SQR9 of sprouting, be preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on February 27th, 2012, No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, address, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, culture presevation number is CGMCC NO.5808.Classification And Nomenclature is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillusamyloliquefaciens).
Five, embodiment
1, algae mud provides production with the waste feathers powder
The waste feathers in slaughterhouse and food market etc. is regained, tap water flushing, the water extracter dehydration is dried to water content and is lower than 30%, enter the mechanical feed bulking machine and carry out expandedly, enter again pulverizer and pulverize and to obtain feather meal (the mechanical feed bulking machine is available from Shijiazhuang Hua Long Science and Technology Ltd.).
Algae mud is salvaged the station by the Taihu Lake periphery and is provided free, and places algae mud storage pool 2 months.
2, the production of function yeast microbial inoculum
To urge living bacterium SQR9 and be inoculated in the PDA nutrient solution, and carry out liquid fermenting production, the condition of fermentative production is: pH growth scope nature, 30~35 ℃ of culture temperature scopes, stirring velocity is 180~300 rev/mins, and the fermentation middle and later periods forms gemma, makes to contain bacterium or gemma amount 〉=1 * 10 in the fermented liquid
9Individual/ml.Used PDA nutrient solution compound method is, to prepare the 1L substratum as example: be cut into small pieces to be put in the water after peeling with the 200g potato and boil, boil 30min after the boiling, add after filtering the 20g common sucrose in the filtrate, be settled to 1000ml, the pH value transfers to 7.0-7.6,121 ℃ of sterilization 20min.
3, solid fermentation generates biological organic fertilizer
3.1 the acquisition of solid fermentation prescription
The utilization method of going forward one by one obtains the prescription of solid fermentation, at first algae mud is added in the decomposed cow dung compost with different gradients, carries out solid fermentation, obtain best algae mud addition, add on this basis again the optimum addition of dish cake acquisition dish cake, add at last feather meal, obtain end formulation.Fermentation mode is as follows: add short living bacterium liquid 50L in the SOLID ORGANIC material per ton, turning every day is 1 time in the solid fermentation process, makes the solid fermentation temperature be no more than 50 ℃, ferments to finish afterwards in 7 days.The quantity of each function yeast in processing of the rear mensuration of having fermented, the result is such as figure, and 5% algae mud (dry weight), 10% waste feathers bulking flour, 10% dish cake and 75% decomposed cow dung compost are optimum formula, and function yeast quantity reaches 2 * 10
8More than the CFU/g (dry weight).
3.2 the fermentation of solid raft generates the finished product fertilizer
According to above-mentioned composition and engineering, the decomposed cow dung compost of 5% algae mud (dry weight), 10% waste feathers bulking flour, 10% dish cake and 75% is evenly mixed, to urge living bacterium SQR9 access hybrid reactor, add short living bacterium liquid 50L in the SOLID ORGANIC material per ton and carry out solid fermentation, turning every day 1 time, make the solid fermentation temperature be no more than 50 ℃, ferment and finished afterwards in 7 days; Design cow dung decomposed manure in contrast.Urge the aerobic plate count amount after the fermentation ends in the novel biological fertilizer and reach 7.9 * 10
8CFU/g (dry weight) (Fig. 2) surpasses approximately 2 orders of magnitude of cow dung decomposed manure.Its germination index of cow dung compost after used the becoming thoroughly decomposed is more than 98%, quality of organic matter ratio content 〉=45%, water content mass ratio 25-30%.The short biological organic fertilizer of giving birth to of the low cost that is developed into contains 2 * 10
8Above short living bacterium SQR-9, the total nitrogen content of CFU/g (dry weight) is 2-3% (being organonitrogen more than 90%), and total nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrition is that 6-8%, organic content are greater than 45%.Above result show the composition and engineering of developing fully can maximized fermentative production novel biological fertilizer, and this biological organic fertilizer can meet national standard fully.Carry out the detection of residual algae toxin, method is as follows again: add the acetic acid of 100mL5% in the 100g fertilizer ,-70 and normal temperature under multigelation repeatedly after, the centrifugal 10min of 12000r/min takes out respectively supernatant liquor (I) and precipitation; To precipitate with the concussion of 100mL80% methanol solution and extract 4h, centrifugal 15min gets supernatant liquor (II); With supernatant liquor (I) with after supernatant liquor (II) fully mixes supernatant liquor (III), supernatant liquor (III) is transferred to 3 with dilute hydrochloric acid with pH, centrifugal after the standing over night, abandon residue, get supernatant liquor (IV), after supernatant liquor (IV) transferred to 7 with weak ammonia with pH, 40 ℃ of rotary evaporations were removed methyl alcohol, remaining sample is crossed 0.45 μ m filter membrane get algae toxin crude extract.Use successively 20mL100% methyl alcohol, 20mL ultrapure water activation C18 solid-phase extraction column (500mg/6ml), algae toxin crude extract is carried out enrichment by solid-phase extraction column concentrated, use respectively again 20mL10% and 20ml20% methanol solution drip washing stationary phase, the Microcystin of using at last 10mL80% methanol solution (adding 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid) will be adsorbed on the stationary phase elutes, Microcystin behind the purifying is removed methyl alcohol by rotary evaporation get the MCs storing solution, after the storing solution lyophilize, to 2ml, liquid is for the upper machine testing of HPLC with 20% methanol constant volume.
The content of algae toxin LR and RR in the employing liquid chromatography for measuring biological organic fertilizer, the result shows that the content of microcysin LR and RR all is lower than 4ug/kg (fertilizer dry weight), the content of microcysin LR and RR is respectively 3.1mg/kg (algae mud fresh weight) and 62.16mg/kg (algae mud fresh weight) in the pure algae mud of raw material and we record, therefore can be with the content of algae toxin LR (microcystin-LR) and RR (microcystin-RR) below 4ug/kg (fertilizer dry weight) behind the algae mud recycling the art of this patent solid fermentation the bimester of the placement, the standard that does not also have at present algae toxin in the fertilizer both at home and abroad, standard in the underground water is only arranged, be lower than 1ug/kg.
3.3 the aminoacids content in the biological organic fertilizer and composition
Utilize ninhydrin colorimetry to measure the content of the biological organic fertilizer Free Amino Acids of developing, the results are shown in Figure 3, after fermentation was finished, the content (22.03g/kg) of novel short living biological organic fertilizer (BIOW) Free Amino Acids was considerably beyond the content (0.32g/kg) of contrast cow dung (OF).
4, short the giving birth in greenhouse tested
4.1 the short pot test effect of fertilizer on cucumber of giving birth to
Establish altogether processing of two contrasts, process the novel short living biological organic fertilizer (BLOW) that adds this patent development, common cow dung fertilizer (CK) and this laboratory patented product (BIO, the patent No.: ZL200910183358.1) are added respectively in contrast.Each processes 12 basins, every basin dress 10kg soil, and the addition of fertilizer is 2%.Fertilizer and soil fully mix, Routine Management.Results of regular determination cucumber growth index.Result such as Fig. 4, table one, table two, table three, table four and table five, compare with common fertilizer contrast, short give birth to that plant height, stem that using of biological organic fertilizer can significantly increase cucumber plant are thick, chlorophyll content and overground part and underground part fresh weight, overground part dry weight significant difference in the time of 30 days, underground part dry weight significant difference in the time of 40 days.Compare with the special-purpose BIO fertilizer of cucumber, in the time of 40 days, plant height and stem slightly reach significant difference; The stem rough error is different not remarkable in the time of 50 days; Chlorophyll content, overground part fresh weight and dry weight and underground part fresh weight and dry weight there was no significant difference.
The different fertilizers of table one are on the unit that affects of cucumber plant height: cm
The different fertilizers of table two on Cucumis sativus stem thick affect unit: mm
The different fertilizers of table three are on the impact of cucumber chlorophyll content
The different fertilizers of table four are on the unit that affects of cucumber fresh weight: g
The different fertilizers of table five are on the unit that affects of cucumber dry weight: g
4.1 the short pot test effect of fertilizer on eggplant of giving birth to
Establish altogether processing of two contrasts, process the novel short living biological organic fertilizer (BIOW) that adds this patent development, common cow dung fertilizer (CK) and this laboratory patented product (BIO, the patent No.: ZL200910183358.1) are added respectively in contrast.Each processes 12 basins, every basin dress 10kg soil, and the addition of fertilizer is 2%.Fertilizer and soil fully mix, Routine Management.Results of regular determination eggplant growth index.Result such as Fig. 5, table six, table seven, table eight, table nine and table ten, compare with the contrast of common fertilizer, shortly give birth to that plant height, stem that using of biological organic fertilizer can significantly increase the eggplant plant are thick, chlorophyll content, overground part and underground part fresh weight and overground part and underground part dry weight.Compare with special-purpose BIO fertilizer, in the time of 40 days, plant height reaches significant difference; Other index there was no significant differences.
The different fertilizers of table six are on the unit that affects of eggplant plant height: cm
The different fertilizers of table seven on stem of eggplant thick affect unit: mm
The different fertilizers of table eight are on the impact of eggplant chlorophyll content
The different fertilizers of table nine are on the unit that affects of eggplant fresh weight: g
The different fertilizers of table ten are on the unit that affects of eggplant dry weight: g
Solid fermentation is tested and is shown, the composition and engineering of this research is the secondary solid fermentation efficiency of promotion functions bacterium significantly, increases the quantity of function yeast in the fertilizer and the nutrient of fertilizer; Results from pot experiment test integral body shows, compare with common fertilizer, the biological organic fertilizer of this patent development can significantly promote the growth for the examination plant, though do not have significant difference with the bio-organic fertilizer special pot test effect of original research and development, but the biological organic fertilizer formula of this patent research and development can significantly reduce the cost of bio-organic fertilizer special prescription, therefore, biological organic fertilizer formula and the technique of this patent research and development have very strong practicality.
Claims (4)
1. utilize the short technique of giving birth to biological organic fertilizer of three kinds of discarded albumen and decomposed cow dung production, comprising:
1) be that the rhizosphere growth-promoting of CGMCC NO.5808 is given birth to bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillusamyloliquefaciens) SQR9 and is inoculated in the PDA nutrient solution with preserving number, carry out liquid fermenting production, the condition of fermentative production is: 30~35 ℃ of culture temperature scopes, stirring velocity is 180~300 rev/mins, the fermentation middle and later periods forms gemma, makes to contain bacterium or gemma amount 〉=1 * 10 in the fermented liquid
9Individual/ml; Used PDA nutrient solution compound method is, to prepare the 1L substratum as example: be cut into small pieces to be put in the water after peeling with the 200g potato and boil, boil 30min after the boiling, add after filtering the 20g common sucrose in the filtrate, be settled to 1000ml, the pH value transfers to 7.0-7.6,121 ℃ of sterilization 20min;
2) be that the decomposed cow dung compost of 5% algae mud dry weight, 10% waste feathers bulking flour, 10% dish cake and 75% evenly mixes with mass ratio;
3) will urge living bacterium SQR9 fermented liquid inoculate algae mud, waste feathers bulking flour, dish cake and become thoroughly decomposed after the cow dung compost mixture in carry out solid fermentation, add short living bacterium liquid 50L in the SOLID ORGANIC material per ton, turning every day is 1 time in the solid fermentation process, make the solid fermentation temperature be no more than 50 ℃, ferment and finish after 6-7 days, the short bacterial content of giving birth to can reach 2 * 10
8More than the CFU/g fertilizer dry weight, the water content that is no more than under 60 ℃ the condition microbial organic fertilizer in temperature at last is evaporated to below 30%, and packing is dispatched from the factory and is the short biological organic fertilizer of giving birth to of finished product; Its germination index of cow dung compost after used the becoming thoroughly decomposed is more than 98%, quality of organic matter ratio content 〉=45%, and the organonitrogen quality is 2-3% than content, the water content mass ratio is 25-30%.
2. the short living organic fertilizer product of the described explained hereafter of claim 1, the content of microcysin LR and RR all is lower than 4ug/kg in this product.
3. short living biological organic fertilizer product according to claim 1 is characterized in that, short living bacterium SQR9 viable count>2 * 10 in this product
8CFU/g fertilizer dry weight, total nitrogen content are 2-3%, and total nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrition is 6-8%, organic content 〉=45%.
4. claim 2 and the 3 described short living biological organic fertilizer products application aspect the promotion crop growth.
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