CN102907285A - Comprehensive treatment method for preventing pine wood nematode disease from spreading - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for preventing pine wood nematode disease from spreading Download PDFInfo
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- CN102907285A CN102907285A CN2012103789797A CN201210378979A CN102907285A CN 102907285 A CN102907285 A CN 102907285A CN 2012103789797 A CN2012103789797 A CN 2012103789797A CN 201210378979 A CN201210378979 A CN 201210378979A CN 102907285 A CN102907285 A CN 102907285A
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- epidemic situation
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- pine nematode
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive treatment of serious pests in China. A comprehensive treatment method for preventing a pine wood nematode disease from spreading comprises the steps that a borderline between a pine wood nematode disease outbreak area and a non-outbreak area forestry subcompartment is partitioned by adopting a continuous forestry subcompartment as a unit; all larval monochamus alternatus breeding materials in the pine wood nematode disease outbreak area are cleaned spatially and continuously; monochamus alternatus trapping devices are hung and placed in an eclosion peak period of adult monochamus alternatus every year; one trapping device is hung and placed for every 40-60 mu; one trapping tree is placed at every 50-100 mu averagely for trapping the adult monochamus alternatus to lay eggs after all the larval monochamus alternatus breeding materials in the pine wood nematode disease outbreak area are cleaned; and the trapping trees are cleaned after the adult monochamus alternatus is trapped to lay the eggs. According to the comprehensive treatment method, the population density of the monochamus alternatus is controlled bellow one per five mu, and the purpose of preventing the pine wood nematode disease from spreading is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to China great integrated pest management field, be specifically related to control China since the dawn of human civilization the most serious biological epidemics pine nematode epidemic situation the comprehensive technical measure of nature diffusion does not occur.
Background technology
Pine tree is China's present territory greening and improvement of the ecological environment irreplaceable township scholar seeds.The barrier that 500,000,000 mu of pine forest resources of China are ecological safety also is the powerful material base of rural construction well-off society.Pine nematode is the destructive disease of pine tree.Because the harm of the destructiveness of pine nematode and difficulty of governance are large, the route of transmission is many and fit the characteristics such as the scope of giving birth to is wide, has had in the world at present more than 40 countries and regions to classify it as quarantine object.China finds pine wood nematode after being ill from nineteen eighty-two in Nanjing, now gradually the vast provinces and regions on the south the Yangtze river basin spread and cause disaster.To 2009, existing 14 provinces in the whole nation, municipality directly under the Central Government, pine nematode occurs in municipal 198 administrative areas at the county level, destroys more than 500 ten thousand mu of pine forests.The pine nematode of China has become the most serious since the dawn of human civilization biological epidemics, and has formed anthropochory and the natural huge primary infection source of diffusion, and the 500000000 mu of pine forest resources in the whole nation face the existence threat.
In June, 1988, after the Chinese Technology Association organized experts and scholars by on-the-spot investigation, 6 suggestions that proposed the control pine nematode were as follows:
Block the epidemic-stricken area, prevent diffusion, put out the epidemic place, the fire-fighting pathogeny, the comprehensive regulation alleviates harm.Be called for short afterwards the measure of " control, compress, put out ".
Treat dangerous and destructive quarantine forest disease and pest, the indiffusion of control epidemic situation is the key of China's pine nematode comprehensive regulation success or failure.Take in Guangdong as example.Guangdong was found pine nematode in 1988 in Shenzhen's Shatoujiao.About 170,000 mu of occurrence scope at that time.To 2011, the pine nematode in Guangdong was diffused into the Longmen County, mountain area, north of Huizhou City in flakes.Through initial estimate, diffusion length is about 6 kilometers every year on average.Wherein every year on average diffusion length is about 4 kilometers before 2008, the impetus that presented the acceleration diffusion in nearly 5 years, diffusion length every year on average is 8 kilometers, if this impetus can not get effective control, to make the 5000 ten thousand mu of pine forests in Guangdong suffer extinction, and cause huge economic loss, and immeasurable potential ecocatastrophe.Therefore, the indiffusion of control epidemic situation has become all in all major issue of China's pine nematode comprehensive regulation.
Here said control epidemic situation indiffusion, after mainly referring to rely on the population density of the medium insect Monochamus alternatus of pine nematode to reach certain thresholding, the time and space continuity expansion of mutually repelling between individuality and forming constantly occupies the phenomenon of pine forest resource, so claims again the nature diffusion.And the phenomenon that artificial factor causes the primary infection source remote distance to propagate claims the anthropochory.The content that the present invention relates to refers to control the naturally diffusion of pine nematode.Objectively, the anthropochory and naturally diffusion all occur simultaneously, the example in Guangdong is relatively more typical.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the comprehensive processing method that the nature diffusion does not occur control pine nematode epidemic situation.
Monochamus alternatus is the most important communication media of Asia pine nematode.The fundamental way of nature diffusion does not occur in control pine nematode epidemic situation, is in the control pine nematode occurrence scope, may carry the not border one conifer forest plants diffusion of dwelling outside the pine nematode occurrence scope of Monochamus alternatus of pine wood nematode.Defining basically take continuous forest subcompartment as the unit of scope, the boundary line between generating region and the non-generating region bottom class is called the border.
The border one conifer forest plants that dwell that the occurrence scope of pine nematode is interior and occurrence scope is outer can be continuous, also can disperse, all with forest subcompartment for defining the unit, the indiffusion of control epidemic situation refers to an epidemic situation long-term control in bottom class's scope occurs, and the forest subcompartment to non-generation does not spread naturally.
According to the basic law of the Population spatial dynamics of Entomological Ecology, and the biology of Monochamus alternatus, ecological characteristics, comprehensive technical measure worked out.In the pine nematode occurrence scope, the material that grows by timely cleaning alternatus Larva, reduce the population density of alternatus Larva, hang up trapper trapping longicorn adult in good time, rationally arrange and lure wood, lure the measures such as collection longicorn Adult worms producting eggs, the population density of the Monochamus alternatus imago in the pine nematode occurrence scope, be controlled in average per five mu of scopes below, make to be independently between the Monochamus alternatus imago individuality and distribution at random, attract each other between individuality, in unit are, the appearance of one individuality increases the chance that other individuality falls into same area.Under this situation, the Monochamus alternatus imago of forest subcompartment of the non-pine nematode that adjoins of bottom class occurs with pine nematode, to bottom class occur to the apparent in view pine nematode of density variation assembles, wherein most longicorn adult that assembles is entrapped the device trapping immediately, the population density that makes pine nematode that the longicorn adult of bottom class occur is in the dynamic low-density level of time and space continuity, all the time make between the individuality of the longicorn adult that may carry pine nematode and be independently and distribution at random, attract each other between individuality, reach Monochamus alternatus imago in the long-term control epidemic-stricken area not to the purpose of Pest-or disease-free area external diffusion.
Find after deliberation, use the Monochamus alternatus location type attractant with independent intellectual property right, the Monochamus alternatus imago in 300 meters scopes is had obvious attractive effect.Therefore, to pine nematode the Monochamus alternatus imago that bottom class assembles occuring, has the behavior of initiatively gathering and passive gathering concurrently.
The evaluation method of the Monochamus alternatus imago population density that we study is as follows:
1,4-6 month trapper lures the longicorn adult sum (A) of collection
2,4-6 month woodland longicorn adult survival sum equals to lure wooden female longicorn expected value to add that the female longicorn adult expectation of pine tree dead and drying tree is on duty in 2.
3, lure the evaluation method of wooden female longicorn adult expected value:
3.1, lure the wooden longicorn cutting sum (B) of laying eggs the 4-6 month
3.2, the average egg laying amount 100 * 2 of female longicorn, equal every female longicorn cutting expected value 100 * 2=200(C) of laying eggs
B
3.3, lure wooden female longicorn expected value D=C
4, ask and calculate female longicorn expected value from the 4-6 month pine tree dead and drying tree longicorn cutting sum of laying eggs
D B
E= C
5, from the female longicorn expected value of the withered side shoot moth of healthy pine tree hand-hole sum estimation.Lay eggs cutting sum F=larva sum except in the merchant of ovum phase lethality gained, remove in 1-2 instar larvae lethality again.
Cutting egg hatching rate about 50%, 1-2 instar larvae lethality about 50%, it is on duty in 2 that the wooden female longicorn expected value of woodland 4-6 month longicorn adult survival sum=lure adds that the female longicorn expected value of dead and drying tree is added the female longicorn expectation of withered side shoot, equals instant woodland longicorn adult sum.
D A
Longicorn adult trappability=A+D+E+F * 100%
Area is administered in longicorn adult density=D+E+F * 2/.
The population density of longicorn adult in the specific space-time unique depends on the sumptuous degree of the alternatus Larva ecological niche in the specific space-time unique.Find that after deliberation specific pine ecosystem time and space continuity alternatus Larva ecological niche comprises following several material that grows:
1, the pine tree dead and drying tree comprises the pine nematode dead and drying tree, thunderbolt wood, burnt lumber, the pine tree dead and drying tree of wind-falls blowdown and the not clear cause of death etc.
2, the withered side shoot of the pine tree of self-pruning generally occurs in the annual 4-5 month and the 11-12 month.
3, because the withered withered side shoot of pine tree occurs loose top dry, generally occur in 5-10 month.
4, the withered side shoot that fractures of wind.
5, visiing mountain or the lunar calendar Clear and Bright visits recluse August and is pine tree or the side shoot of felling.
6, leave over pine in the woods of farming activities felling, comprise the pine of tea place, vegetable garden, orchard, hen house.
The present invention controls the indiffusible process for comprehensively treating scheme of pine nematode epidemic situation:
Take continuous forest subcompartment as the unit, divide the boundary line between pine nematode epidemic situation generating region and the non-generating region forest subcompartment;
The material that grows to all alternatus Larvas in the pine nematode epidemic situation generating region carries out the time and space continuity cleaning, to reduce the Monochamus alternatus population density in the pine nematode occurrence scope;
In order to reduce the population density of Monochamus alternatus imago, hang up Monochamus alternatus trap in Monochamus alternatus imago emergence peak period every year, and every 40-60 mu hangs up one;
When all alternatus Larvas of cleaning pine nematode epidemic situation generating region grow material after, a wooden strain is lured in the setting of average every 50-100 mu, lures collection longicorn Adult worms producting eggs, and to luring the collection wood that lures behind the longicorn Adult worms producting eggs to clear up.
Further, described trapper hangs up in pine nematode epidemic situation generating region border and prolongs in the scope of 200-250 rice.
Further, at Monochamus alternatus the 1-2 area in generation occuring, hangs up trapper in the 4-6 month.
Further, at Monochamus alternatus the 1-2 area in generation occuring, generally lures wood in late May and setting in the last ten-days period in July, and respectively at clearing up in the last ten-days period in July and early October.
Further, the described of setting lures wooden position near trapper.
In recent years, we utilized the Monochamus alternatus location type attractant with independent intellectual property right to prolong in the 200-250 rice scope in pine nematode epidemic situation generating region border and hung up trapper, in conjunction with luring wood setting, had received significant effect.We lure dislocation Monochamus alternatus to supplement the nutrients, and dislocation lures the technical measures of longicorn Adult worms producting eggs to be called to negate, and to add negate the application of the dialectics of nature that equals sure.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Mechanism and the comprehensive technical measure that nature spreads do not occur in the domestic epidemic situation of openly controlling first in the present invention.The present invention is take forest subcompartment as the unit, growing material, trapper is set and lures the combination of means such as wood by alternatus Larva in the continuous cleaning generating region, the population density of Monochamus alternatus is controlled at per five mu of density below, has reached the indiffusible purpose of control pine nematode epidemic situation.
Through the effort in 30 years, the present domestic pattern that the multiple pine nematode comprehensive regulation is arranged, and can both reach the purpose of mitigation.But, all do not relate to same woods part take forest subcompartment as the indiffusible content of unit controls epidemic situation.The present invention starts from the chance that 1998-2000 countries and pine nematode settle Guangdong, and at first 3000 mu of same woods parts of 25 years living masson pines come into effect in Huiyang District Zhen Long town.Hold in Tongan and forest farm, Liu Xi river, Guangzhou afterwards research and exploring, front and back experience unremitting effort and the practice in 15 years finally just propose the control indiffusible mechanism of epidemic situation and comprehensive technical measure.The figure broken wall of facing the wall and meditating in 10 years molded a good sword in 15 years, in the domestic indiffusible mechanism comprehensive technical measure of epidemic situation of openly controlling first, belonged to original patent of invention.
Embodiment
Below by three embodiment invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Guangdong is settled in the national pine nematode comprehensive regulation of 1998-2000, and Huizhou is mainly to implement the base.The overall goal of engineering control was that the occurrence scope of pine nematode is controlled on the south the wide Shan highway at that time, belonged to the relatively thick lines of macroscopic view.In order to explore control epidemic situation indiffusible mechanism, we in mountain top village, Huiyang District Zhen Long town 3000 mu of 25 years living masson pine pine nematode generating region carry out and control the indiffusible research of epidemic situation.At first use ten thousand/contour map the pathogenetic forest subcompartment of pine wood nematode, be identified on the map with the boundary line of the forest subcompartment of non-generation, statistics is for the examination area, and formulates technical scheme.In time clear up the pine nematode dead and drying tree by 3 years time and space continuities, hang up Monochamus alternatus trap, and setting lures wood to lure the measures such as collection longicorn Adult worms producting eggs, obtained continuous 3 years indiffusible achievements of control epidemic situation in same woods part scope.
Embodiment 2:
In 2002 to 2008 in the nearly ripe comprehensive regulation of carrying out of the 1800 mu of masson pines in Western Hills village, new people town, Tongan District, Xiamen City.By timely cleaning pine nematode dead and drying tree, remove the material that grows of alternatus Larva, comprise selective cutting, intermediate cutting suppressed tree backlog, repair withered side shoot etc., take the health of the health of pine tree and woods part as overall management goal, finally realize the masson pine near-mature forest of large Western Hills and two discrete types of little Western Hills only in 324 national highways across a causeway, distance between two borders only about 200 meters, realizes the continuous 7 years indiffusible management goals of control epidemic situation.
Embodiment 3:
Pine nematode was found in forest farm, Liu Xi river, Guangzhou in 2006,1302 mu of occurrence scopes at that time, to 2008, the occurrence scope surge is to 13000 mu, front and back only triennium occurrence scope have increased by 10 times, 100,000 mu of the existing area of woods in forest farm, Liu Xi river, wherein pine forest area (comprising mixed forest) is 3.8 ten thousand mu, and all the other secondary broad leaved forests all have the fragmentary distribution of masson pine.Since 2009, by all alternatus Larvas being grown the timely cleaning of material, hang up Monochamus alternatus trap in the annual 4-6 month, trapper is hung up in the scope of prolonging 200-250 rice in the border.Average per 50 mu hang up a Monochamus alternatus location type and the type trapper of laying eggs thereof, annual respectively at 5, arrange and lure wood to lure collection longicorn Adult worms producting eggs July, and respectively at 7, the cleaning in October lures wood.Average per 100 mu arrange a strain and lure wood, and the position is near trapper.The Monochamus alternatus imago density of administering in district's scope is controlled at average per five mu of levels below, realizes continuously between same woods part, take forest subcompartment as the indiffusible management goal of unit controls epidemic situation.If to 2011, pine nematode diffused to all woods parts of the whole audience, should be the thing that follows a well mapped-out plan not take control epidemic situation indiffusion as management goal in 2009.If this situation really occurred, no matter be the clear felling transformation, still continue to administer, it all is difficult selecting, cost all is huge.Therefore, the indiffusion of control epidemic situation is the key of China's pine nematode comprehensive regulation success or failure.Treat destructive, and the great China of difficulty of governance the most serious Forest Disease And Pest Status pine nematode since the dawn of human civilization, if not the indiffusion of control epidemic situation as primary management goal, its consequence must be catastrophic.
Claims (5)
1. control the indiffusible comprehensive processing method of pine nematode epidemic situation for one kind, it is characterized in that:
Take continuous forest subcompartment as the unit, divide the boundary line between pine nematode epidemic situation generating region and the non-generating region forest subcompartment;
The material that grows to all alternatus Larvas in the pine nematode epidemic situation generating region carries out the time and space continuity cleaning;
Hang up Monochamus alternatus trap in Monochamus alternatus imago emergence peak period every year, and every 40-60 mu hangs up one;
When all alternatus Larvas of cleaning pine nematode epidemic situation generating region grow material after, a wooden strain is lured in the setting of average every 50-100 mu, lures collection longicorn Adult worms producting eggs, and the luring collection wood after luring Monochamus alternatus imago to lay eggs is cleared up.
2. the indiffusible comprehensive processing method of control pine nematode epidemic situation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described trapper hangs up in pine nematode epidemic situation generating region border and prolongs in the scope of 200-250 rice.
3. the indiffusible comprehensive processing method of control pine nematode epidemic situation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at Monochamus alternatus the 1-2 area in generation occurs, hang up trapper in the 4-6 month.
4. the indiffusible comprehensive processing method of control pine nematode epidemic situation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at Monochamus alternatus the 1-2 area in generation occurs, generally lure wood in late May and setting in the last ten-days period in July, and respectively at clearing up in the last ten-days period in July and early October.
5. the indiffusible comprehensive processing method of control pine nematode epidemic situation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described close trapper in wooden position of luring of setting.
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| CN111034512A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 湖南捷力洲有害生物防制有限公司 | Forestry pine wood nematode prevention and control method |
| CN113303152A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 巢湖市友林林业有害生物防治有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for controlling spreading of longicorn disease epidemic situation |
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| CN103125322A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-05 | 遵义市林业科学研究所 | Pesticide application method for handling monochamus alternatus in bursaphelench xylophilus diseased wood |
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| CN113303152A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 巢湖市友林林业有害生物防治有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for controlling spreading of longicorn disease epidemic situation |
| CN113455261A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-10-01 | 巢湖市友林林业有害生物防治有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for controlling pine wood nematode disease epidemic situation not to spread |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |