CN101496510B - Plant for trapping and killing Phralidid caterpillar as well as using method - Google Patents
Plant for trapping and killing Phralidid caterpillar as well as using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101496510B CN101496510B CN200910096812XA CN200910096812A CN101496510B CN 101496510 B CN101496510 B CN 101496510B CN 200910096812X A CN200910096812X A CN 200910096812XA CN 200910096812 A CN200910096812 A CN 200910096812A CN 101496510 B CN101496510 B CN 101496510B
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Abstract
The invention provides a plant for luring and killing stem borers, and a using method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: Sudan grass is planted around mainly planted crops or is planted alternately with the mainly planted crops; the stem borers are lured into laying eggs or staying on the Sudan grass by utilizing the special luring capability of the Sudan grass to the stem borers; and then the Sudan grass is intensively removed or the stem borers on the Sudan grass are directly killed so as to control the harm of the stem borers to the mainly planted crops. The method has the characteristics of labor conservation, time conservation, simple operation, no environmental pollution and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pest Ecological Control technical field, relate in particular to the method that lures worm plant Sudan grass control snout moth's larva of utilizing.
Background technology
In recent years, owing to reasons such as pattern of farming adjustment, cropping system change, kind replacement, climatic variation and pesticide resistance risings, the snout moth's larva population quantity is ascendant trend significantly.Use chemical insecticide to be still the main means of snout moth's larva control at present, the dispenser frequency is high, dosage is big.Irrational medication has killed and wounded natural enemy in large quantities, heavy damage the ecological balance of field ecosystem, lost natural control ability.Use chemical pesticide also to cause the generation of pest resistance to insecticide continuously in a large number, even the situation that causes no medicine to use.Also can cause serious residue of pesticide problem simultaneously, cause that residue of pesticide exceed standard in the crop, human health is caused serious threat.Snout moth's larva belongs to borer pest more, and it is hidden to cause harm, have only inhale in the minority permeability strong, the specific insecticide of lepidopterous insects just is applicable to the control of snout moth's larva, control efficiency is not good.And, for example prevent and treat the sandworm agent of the striped rice borer on the paddy rice because the medicament of some control snout moth's larvas can directly get into water body.For avoiding the influence to aquatic ecosystem and aquatic products, the medicament stronger to aquatile toxicity also bans use of.Therefore, through using simple agricultural production measure, develop and improve the Ecological Control technology, reduce agricultural chemicals and use, preserve the ecological environment and promote that the Sustainable Production of crop has been extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention utilizes some to lure worm plant (crop) to what target pest had a special attracting ability, can reach the purpose of insect Ecological Control through luring target pest behavior control measures such as on plant, lay eggs.Trap crop crop field planting small size, that can attract target pest strongly, the prevention insect arrives the master and plants crop, or makes insect focus on the field privileged site by elimination easily, is able to protection thereby make the master plant crop.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method of trapping and killing snout moth's larva, and (Sorghumsudanense) lures snout moth's larva with Sudan grass; Kill the snout moth's larva on the Sudan grass.In a preferable example; Sudan grass be planted in main plant around the crop or with the main crop miscegenation of planting; Utilize Sudan grass to lure snout moth's larva on Sudan grass, to lay eggs to the special attracting ability of snout moth's larva or stop, then concentrate and remove Sudan grass or directly kill the snout moth's larva on the Sudan grass.Can effectively prevent and treat snout moth's larva like this to main harm of planting crop.Here said " miscegenation " can be various ways; Can comprise and be planted in the field to Sudan grass and the main thing of planting according to certain area ratio; Can also be according to certain layout, for example delegation or the multirow master thing of planting be planted mode of delegation Sudan grass or the like at interval.Here said " removing " also can be multiple mode, can comprise with hand or machinery and pull out or cradle Sudan grass, reaches the purpose of removing snout moth's larva on the Sudan grass.
In another preferable example, be planted in main 0～40 meter of crop that plants of distance to Sudan grass.Better, the plantation distance is between the 5-40 rice; Best, the plantation distance is a 5-30 rice.It can certainly be 6 meters, 7 meters, 8 meters, 10 meters, 15 meters, 20 meters or 28 meters.In addition, in order to obtain better effect, use of insecticide is not concentrated and is killed snout moth's larva on Sudan grass before snout moth's larva low instar larvae peak period, larva eat into Sudan grass stem.The above master who narrates plants crop, is not limited to, on paddy rice, wheat, corn, Chinese sorghum, watermelon, cucumber, tomato, sugarcane, wild rice stem or other crops.Above-described snout moth's larva can be one or more in striped rice borer, paddy stem borer, pink rice borer, corn borer or the spot dogstail snout moth's larva.
In examples of implementation, plant crop when being paddy rice, 30～45 days sowing Sudan grasses before rice transplanting when main.At another more specifically in the example; Carry out according to the following steps rice-stem borer is trapped and killed, it comprises: the arrangement of (1) rice field: rice transplanting was put ridge in preceding 30 days in order, and other plant residue is removed in intertillage; Simultaneously shallowly execute an amount of fertilizer as base manure, subsequent use.(2) lure the plantation of worm plant: the worm plant that lures of selection is grass family sorghum plant Sudan grass Sorghumsudanense, and be about 100～120 days breeding time, and is drought-enduring, good reviviscence arranged.Elite seed before the sowing, and bask seeds before broadcasting with medicine seed dressing to improve emergence rate and to prevent the harm of disease worm.Through Sudan grass seed drilling on ridge of above-mentioned processing, seeding quantity is 1～2kg/ mu, and seed level is 4～5cm, and earthing and suppression in time impels premature eruption, improves emergence rate.(3) lure the management of worm plant: Sudan grass seedling 2 leaves carry out thinning during 1 heart stage, remove weak seedling and keep healthy seedling, and the spacing in the rows after the final singling is 5-6cm.In time intertill and clean tillage suitably waters during arid.Every nitrogenous fertilizer 10kg/ mu that imposed at a distance from 30 days.Attention control aphid in seedling stage selects for use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 50% Aphox wetting powder etc. to convert water spray at the aphid initial stage of origination, guarantees to lure the worm plant normal growth.Luring the worm plant growing to 150cm left and right sides Gao Shi, the lobus cardiacus of artificial removal's stem, with the height that suppresses to lure the worm plant with increase tillering quantity, improve the biomass that lures the worm plant and the striped rice borer adult lured energy collecting power.(4) concentrate and to kill the striped rice borer that lures on the worm plant: lure the worm plant in order to protect; Before striped rice borer low instar larvae peak period, larva do not eat into Sudan grass stem, concentrate on and use environmental-pollution insecticide on the Sudan grass; Concentrate and kill striped rice borer, make to lure the worm plant to play a role in whole growth period duration of rice.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of plant that is used for trapping and killing snout moth's larva, and this plant is Sudan grass (Sorghum sudanense).In a preferred implementation, snout moth's larva is a striped rice borer.
Beneficial effect
(1) current use chemical pesticide still is the topmost means of prevention of snout moth's larva.But long-term use of insecticide causes a series of ecologies and social concerns such as pest resistance to insecticide generation, agricultural product residue of pesticide and environmental pollution.Lure the chief component of worm plant, have easy and simple to handle, free from environmental pollution and advantages such as field ecosystem safety as the Ecological Control insect.Especially; On paddy rice; Utilize the striped rice borer female adult worm Sudan grass to be had the characteristics of the taxis of laying eggs strongly; Lure the striped rice borer adult on Sudan grass, to concentrate and lay eggs, and utilize Chilo spp larvae on Sudan grass, can not accomplish the characteristic of the history of life, kill even also can the striped rice borer low instar larvae be concentrated under need not the situation of any agricultural chemicals.Through a certain proportion of Sudan grass of field planting, can reduce the striped rice borer population quantity in rice field and the level that causes harm effectively.
(2) the present invention with the Sudan grass be striped rice borer lure the worm plant, the ecological control method that rice field ridge plantation Sudan grass lures the collection striped rice borer to lay eggs has been proposed, obtained remarkable economical and social benefit.The sowing time of Sudan grass with rice transplanting before 30～45 days the bests, the rice-stem borer emergence period, all within Sudan grass was to the strongest growing stage of striped rice borer attractant effect, the Ecological Control effect was best.
(3) the present invention has saving of work and time, characteristics such as simple to operate and free from environmental pollution.Utilization lures worm plant prevention insect, can reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals significantly, practices thrift means of agricultural production cost, improves agricultural product quality, has obtained remarkable economical, ecology and social benefit.
Embodiment
Ecology and social concerns such as pest resistance to insecticide, paddy residue of pesticide and environmental pollution that this experiment is serious day by day to the harm of paddy rice primary pest striped rice borer, the abuse chemical insecticide causes; A kind of striped rice borer ecological control method of simple and easy popularization is proposed; Promptly plantation is a certain proportion of on the ridge around the rice field lures the worm plant to lure striped rice borer on plant, to concentrate to lay eggs and concentrates and kill larva, reduces the purpose that the agricultural chemicals use is caused harm, is reduced to the rice field striped rice borer to reach.These tests only are the embodiments of some practical implementation examples, can not make any qualification to protection scope of the present invention.
test 1 is laid eggs and is selected test.
Test is carried out in 26 ± 1 ℃, RH80-90%, dark insectary.Respectively place the TN1 paddy rice seedling of 45 days Sudan grass of two basins and 60 days at dependent insect cage (long 80cm, wide 80cm, high 150cm) inner opposite angle line, introduced 5 pairs of the striped rice borer male and female adults that sprout wings in 3 days, be allowed to condition at and select at random under the dark condition to lay eggs at 19 o'clock in evening.Around dependent insect cage, place and contain the extra-nutrition of the absorbent cotton of 10% hydromel as the striped rice borer adult with the top, simultaneously around dependent insect cage with the plastic film parcel, make the interior air of dependent insect cage static relatively.Test repetition 6 times.Took out the plant in the dependent insect cage after 3 days 8 o'clock mornings, under binocular on the observed and recorded plant the ovum amount.
Experimental result
Laying eggs of in the dependent insect cage of laboratory, carrying out selects result of the test to show; Sudan grass has the stronger allure of laying eggs to the striped rice borer female adult worm; Striped rice borer produces 87.89% ovum on Sudan grass, has only 12.11% ovum to produce on paddy rice, produce the ovum on the Sudan grass be on the rice plant more than 7 times.
test 2, striped rice borer survival rate test on Sudan grass and paddy rice.
The method that adopts single tube to raise is raised Chilo spp larvae respectively with the rice stem portion of 45 days Sudan grass stems and 60 days.In every test tube (diameter is 3.5cm), insert 1 striped rice borer newly hatched larvae, seal with absorbent cotton.Survival and the instar larvae of larva are looked in next day stripping, change fresh feed simultaneously.Repeat 80 times.
Experimental result
The striped rice borer newly hatched larvae is raised the result respectively and is shown on Sudan grass and paddy rice; 1 age, 2 ages and 3 instar larvaes survival rate on Sudan grass are respectively 33.83%, 17.12% and 15.34%; Chilo spp larvae is all dead during 4 ages, and this explanation larva can not be accomplished the history of life on Sudan grass.And the survival rate of 1-4 instar larvae on paddy rice is respectively 85.53%, 47.32%, 40.28% and 37.66%, has 31.14% larva normally to pupate.
test 3, the Sudan grass of different distance lures the energy collecting force rate to what the striped rice borer adult laid eggs.
The striped rice borer adult that will in 3 days, sprout wings is concentrated and is placed in the little dependent insect cage (long 25cm, wide 25cm, high 30cm), places to contain the extra-nutrition of the absorbent cotton of 10% hydromel as the striped rice borer adult.Test is carried out in the place that does not have other any plant, disturbs luring the worm effect to produce to avoid other vegetation.With the dependent insect cage is the center of circle, on 5,10,20,30 meters concentric circles, places 45 days potted plant Sudan grass respectively, and the basin spacing is about 2 meters.Open the dependent insect cage top cover, appoint the striped rice borer adult to fly out and select at random to lay eggs.Discharge continuously striped rice borer adult 2 times, the striped rice borer pieces of an egg quantity on 5 days " Invest, Then Investigate " Sudan grasses.
Experimental result
The result shows, when striped rice borer adult point of release distance is 5,10 and 20 meters, on every strain Sudan grass, lures the pieces of an egg quantity variance of collection not obvious, is respectively 4.72 ± 2.13,4.11 ± 1.48 and 3.84 ± 1.23/strain.But striped rice borer pieces of an egg number has only 1.54 ± 1.72/strain on the Sudan grass of 30 meters distances, is starkly lower than striped rice borer pieces of an egg number on the interior Sudan grass of 5-20 rice scope.
Experiment 4: plantation of Sudan grass and application
Put ridge in preceding 30 days in order at rice transplanting, and intertillage removes other plant residue, simultaneously shallowly execute an amount of fertilizer as base manure, subsequent use.The worm plant of selecting that lures is a grass family sorghum plant Sudan grass, and be about 100～120 days breeding time, and is drought-enduring, good reviviscence arranged.Selected Sudan grass seed before the sowing, and bask seeds before broadcasting with medicine seed dressing to improve emergence rate and to prevent the harm of disease worm.Through Sudan grass seed drilling on ridge of above-mentioned processing, seeding quantity is 1～2kg/ mu, and seed level is 4～5cm, and in time earthing and suppression impel premature eruption, improve high emergence rate.Sudan grass seedling 2 leaves carry out thinning during 1 heart stage, remove weak seedling and keep healthy seedling, and the spacing in the rows after the final singling is 5-6cm.In time intertill and clean tillage suitably waters during arid.Every nitrogenous fertilizer 10kg/ mu that imposed at a distance from 30 days.Attention control aphid in seedling stage selects for use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 50% Aphox wetting powder etc. to convert water spray at the aphid initial stage of origination, guarantees to lure the worm plant normal growth.Luring the worm plant growing to 150cm left and right sides Gao Shi, the lobus cardiacus of artificial removal's stem, with the height that suppresses to lure the worm plant with increase tillering quantity, improve the biomass that lures the worm plant and the striped rice borer adult lured energy collecting power.Lure the worm plant in order to protect; Do not eat into striped rice borer low instar larvae peak period, larva and to concentrate on environmental-pollution insecticides such as using efficient, low toxicity, long-acting microbial source or plant resource on the Sudan grass before the Sudan grass stem; Concentrate and kill striped rice borer, make to lure the worm plant to play a role in whole growth period duration of rice.
Experiment 5: the Different Sowing Dates Sudan grass is to the attractant effect of striped rice borer
In Zhejiang Province the Dongyang City suburb select that land plan is neat, water conservancy irrigation system perfecting, the medium single cropping rice field of soil fertility.Transplanting the good ridge of prefinishing, and intertillage removes other plant residue, simultaneously shallowly execute an amount of fertilizer as base manure.Rice varieties is two excellent times nine, and July 1 transplanted, normal field management; The worm plant that lures of plantation is a Sudan grass, the Sudan grass seed through selected, bask seeds and medicine seed dressing back respectively at rice transplanting preceding 45 days, 30 days and 15 days, transplant the same day and transplant sowing in back 15 days.Seed is drilling on ridge, and seeding quantity is 1～2kg/ mu, and seed level is 4～5cm, in time earthing and suppression.Carry out thinning during 1 heart stage at Sudan grass seedling 2 leaves, remove weak seedling and keep healthy seedling, the spacing in the rows after the final singling is 5-6cm.Intertill and clean tillage and pouring in time.Every nitrogenous fertilizer 10kg/ mu that imposed at a distance from 30 days.Seedling stage, the aphid initial stage of origination selected for use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate to convert water spray, guaranteed to lure the worm plant normal growth.Luring the worm plant growing to 150cm left and right sides Gao Shi, the lobus cardiacus of artificial removal's stem is to suppress to lure the height and increase tillering quantity of worm plant.In early August rice tillering contain phase, the striped rice borer peak period of causing harm, striped rice borer pieces of an egg and insect bite strain and apart from the withered calculation of paddy rice between the ridge 15-20m, 50 clumps of each Sudan grass random searching in sowing time Sudan grass 30 strain, rice strains on the investigation Sudan grass.The result shows, the strain of ovum density and Sudan grass with the striped rice borer on the Sudan grass of preceding 30 days of rice transplanting and sowing in the 45 days rate of being injured is the highest, and the withered calculation of paddy rice is minimum; And behind rice transplanting sowing in 15 days ovum density and the strain rate of being injured minimum, the withered calculation of paddy rice is the highest.Explain that Sudan grass lures the ability of collection striped rice borer relevant with its breeding time, Sudan grass sowing after 2 months the energy collecting power that lures to striped rice borer obviously strengthen, especially, the strongest to the natural control ability of striped rice borer on the paddy rice with Sudan grass the best of rice transplanting sowing in preceding 30 days.
Experimental result
Table 1 Different Sowing Dates Sudan grass collects and control luring of striped rice borer
It is not unique constant being used for the term and the expression way of describing method among this paper; And we have no intention to use these terms and expression way to get rid of the expression way of any same meaning of describing method of the present invention or characteristic, the various expression way of our approvals in the scope of the present invention's statement.Therefore; Although we think that the present invention in this article clearly displays with various concrete schemes and characteristic description arbitrarily; But the expression way of the design that discloses among change this paper also will be sought help from those experienced professional technique personages, and these changes are consistent with the statement that the present invention attaches.
Useful digitized information that mention and that quote as proof combines among the content of article, patent, patent application and all other documents and this paper; Must come reference as a complete content, delivering wherein, any one part all will specialize this point.The applicant has these any and whole articles, patent, patent is used or the information of other document and material are integrated with the right of the part that this application book discloses as patent specification.
Claims (2)
1. method of trapping and killing the snout moth's larva of rice; It is characterized in that: be planted in Sudan grass around the rice crop; Remove Sudan grass or directly kill the snout moth's larva on the Sudan grass; Wherein, the plantation of Sudan grass and paddy rice distance is 5 meters, simultaneously 30-45 days sowing Sudan grasses before the rice transplanting land for growing field crops; Wherein before carrying out actual paddy rice and Sudan grass field planting distance; Earlier carry out simulated experiment and confirm the paddy rice in actual field and the scope of the plantation distance of Sudan grass indoor, this lab simulation method comprises: the striped rice borer adult that will in 3 days, sprout wings is concentrated and is placed on the long 25cm, wide for 25cm, height are in the little dependent insect cage of 30cm that is, placement contains the extra-nutrition of the absorbent cotton of 10% hydromel as the striped rice borer adult; With the dependent insect cage is the center of circle, on 5,10,20,30 meters concentric circles, places 45 days potted plant Sudan grass respectively, and the basin spacing is about 2 meters; Open the dependent insect cage top cover, appoint the striped rice borer adult to fly out and select at random to lay eggs; Discharge continuously striped rice borer adult 2 times, the striped rice borer pieces of an egg quantity on 5 days " Invest, Then Investigate " Sudan grasses is wherein tested in the place that does not have other any plant and is carried out, and disturbs luring the worm effect to produce to avoid other vegetation; Wherein, indoor plantation distance of carrying out determined Sudan grass of simulated experiment and paddy rice is 5 meters.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: rice transplanting sowing in preceding 30 days Sudan grass.
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| CN102422829A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-04-25 | 王华弟 | Method for killing Laodelphax striatellus by utilizing pest taxis to plant |
| CN104255355A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Banker plant system for preventing and curing rice leaf folders and rice stem borers |
| CN105960978A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-28 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for improving chilo suppressalis control effect by combining trap crop with sex attractant |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN108849890A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Application of the rice sesquiterpene synthases TPS46 gene in terms of preventing and treating pink rice borer |
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