CN102428907A - Method for treating dead and drying tree suffering from pine wood nematode disease - Google Patents
Method for treating dead and drying tree suffering from pine wood nematode disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN102428907A CN102428907A CN2011102670396A CN201110267039A CN102428907A CN 102428907 A CN102428907 A CN 102428907A CN 2011102670396 A CN2011102670396 A CN 2011102670396A CN 201110267039 A CN201110267039 A CN 201110267039A CN 102428907 A CN102428907 A CN 102428907A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of national serious pest comprehensive treatment. In a method for treating a dead and drying tree suffering from the pine wood nematode disease, for falling the dead and drying tree suffering from the pine wood nematode disease in place, the dead and drying tree suffering from the pine wood nematode disease is covered with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weed shrubs and/or soil. Under the condition with thick woodland soil layer, a soil pit can be dug, the trunk and the dead and drying lateral branches with the diameters of over 1cm of the dead and drying tree suffering from the pine wood nematode disease are placed into the soil pit and are covered with the soil and/or the woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or the weed shrubs. In the method, by utilizing an ecology principle, entomopathogens in the dead and drying tree suffering from the pine wood nematode disease are artificially induced to attack monochamus alternatus hope and soil termites are induced to consume substrates on which the monochamus alternatus hope and pine wood nematode depend for living. The invention provides the method for treating the dead and drying tree suffering from the pine wood nematode disease, which is convenient, simple, easy, efficient and safe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to China great integrated pest management field, be specifically related to a kind of processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree.
Background technology
Pine tree is the indigenous tree species that China's present territory greening and improvement of the ecological environment can not replace.The barrier that 500,000,000 mu of pine forest resources of China are China's ecological safety also is the powerful material base of rural construction well-off society.Pine nematode is the destructive disease of pine tree.Because the destructiveness of pine nematode endangers and difficulty of governance is big, the route of transmission is many and fit characteristics such as the scope of giving birth to is wide, has had more than 40 countries and regions to classify it as quarantine object at present in the world.China finds pine wood nematode after being ill from nineteen eighty-two in Nanjing, now gradually the vast provinces and regions on the south the Yangtze river basin spread and cause disaster.To 2009, pine nematode took place in existing 14 provinces in the whole nation, municipality directly under the Central Government, municipal 192 administrative areas at the county level, destroys more than 500 ten thousand mu of pine forests, and only the pine nematode dead and drying tree of the annual felling in Zhejiang Province just reaches few hundred thousand tonnes of.The pine nematode of China has become the most serious since the dawn of human civilization biological epidemics, and has formed anthropochory and the huge primary infection source of spreading naturally, and the 500000000 mu of pine forest resources in the whole nation face existence and threaten.
Pine wood nematode is to lean on vector insect from the wood of falling ill, to carry, and leans on vector insect to supplement the nutrients again or infects when laying eggs in the healthy pine tree.In the Asia, no matter be China, still Japanese, Korea S, the most important communication media of pine wood nematode is Monochamus alternatus
Momochamus alternatusHope.
Pine nematode is in more than the 100 year time since Nagasaki county of EMUs for Kyushu of Japan finds in 1905; The control Monochamus alternatus is the focus that people study always; Wherein the processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree just came into effect from 1911, whole so far centenary history.Handle the pine nematode dead and drying tree and both removed cause of disease, eliminated Monochamus alternatus again, remain one of main method of control pine nematode so far.At present, the processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree mainly comprises physical method and chemical method, and wherein plastic sheeting for farm use bagging fumigating system is to think one of both economical effective key technology at present.But there is the technology more complicated in the bagging fumigating system, wipes out and treat insect pests and plant diseases the higher problem of cost, the pine nematode dead and drying tree of general diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20cm in Guangdong, and average every strain is wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases cost and is about 60 yuans.Along with the expansion year by year in China pine nematode epidemic-stricken area and the increase year by year of pine nematode dead and drying tree generating capacity, control funds breach enlarges year by year, present existing dead and drying tree processing method significant discomfort should before the needs of the pine nematode comprehensive regulation.Safer, economic, effective new technology is called in the work of treatment of pine nematode dead and drying tree.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention; Provide a kind of method of utilizing ecological principle to handle the pine nematode dead and drying tree; This method can effectively be removed the Monochamus alternatus larva and colonize in the pine wood nematode in its body, and environment that termite exists exists there being soil to dwell, and also can the pine nematode dead and drying tree be disposed fully; Be convenient simple and easy, the method for the processing pine nematode dead and drying tree of highly effective and safe.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
A kind of processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree is for cuting down the pine nematode dead and drying tree, with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weeds shrub and/or soil covering pine nematode dead and drying tree on the spot.
As the improvement of technique scheme, need again the pine nematode dead and drying tree to be cuted down on the spot with behind the pine nematode dead and drying tree peripheral ground weeds shrub shovel light, the pine nematode dead and drying tree is directly contacted with soil.
As the improvement of technique scheme, after the pine nematode dead and drying tree cuted down on the spot, with trunk and more than the diameter 1cm withered side shoot be cut into the section of long 180 ~ 220cm, cover again.
As the improvement of technical scheme of the present invention, under the thicker situation of woodland soil horizon, dig a heatable adobe sleeping platform, with pine nematode dead and drying tree trunk and more than the diameter 1cm withered side shoot put into heatable adobe sleeping platform, cover with soil and/or woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weeds shrub.
When covering with soil, thickness of earth covering is 8 ~ 15cm.
When covering with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves or weeds shrub, cladding thickness is 30 ~ 60cm.
Long 180 ~ the 220cm of said adobe kang, wide 80 ~ 120cm, dark 15 ~ 25cm.
Relevant according to the thing thing, as to give birth to looks gram rule is utilized ecological principle, and the pine nematode dead and drying tree is cut down bunch on the spot; Dry branches and fallen leaves etc. between topped earth or weeds, spinney; The people is the aggregation intensity of intensity of illumination, warm and humid coefficient and the population of Monochamus alternatus microhabitat for a change, creates the ecotope that is unfavorable for Monochamus alternatus growth and breeding, makes Monochamus alternatus be in sub-health state; Create to be beneficial to simultaneously and comprise twenties kinds of fungies in the pine tree dead and drying tree; And the ecotope of the rapid breeding of numerous bacteriums, the program of microflora coevolution in interference Monochamus alternatus and the pine tree dead and drying tree impels entomopathogen potential in the pine tree dead and drying tree to attack the Monochamus alternatus of processing sub-health state; Make the Monochamus alternatus death of falling ill in a large number; Perhaps bring out a large amount of breedings of toxigenic microorganism and produce toxin, Monochamus alternatus is poisoned to death, reach the purpose of control Monochamus alternatus.
In addition, the soil termite that dwells is conspicuous visible in the forest of China south, and this type termite damages the trees that live hardly, does not especially injure the pine tree standing tree of living.The pine nematode dead and drying tree of cuting down is stacked at woodland; During the 3-10 month, the footpath is after 10 days approximately, and the last ant rate of pine tree dead and drying tree just reaches about 50%; Almost 100% lure the moth food that collects termite after 20 days; Behind general footpath 3-6 month, can the pine tree dead and drying tree moth of about 0.2 cubic metre of volume be eaten totally, reach the purpose of control Monochamus alternatus and pine wood nematode.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention utilizes original abundant entomopathogen resource in the pine nematode dead and drying tree; According to ecological principle, cover dead and drying tree fully with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weeds shrub and/or soil, create the temp. and humidity environment that helps entomopathogen breeding in the dead and drying tree; The people attacks Monochamus alternatus for inducing entomopathogen; The control Monochamus alternatus with handle pine wood nematode, need not any chemistry or biological preparation, reach control Monochamus alternatus and the purpose of handling pine wood nematode; Be convenient simple and easy, the technology of the processing pine nematode dead and drying tree of highly effective and safe.
2, the present invention covers dead and drying tree fully with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weeds shrub and/or soil; Utilize the abundant soil of woodland kind and the quantity termite resource of dwelling; According to the soil only life and like getting the characteristics of the dead trees of food in dark surrounds and soil of termite of dwelling, induce the soil termite moth food Monochamus alternatus of dwelling to rely in the matrix of existence with pine wood nematode, reach the purpose of processing Monochamus alternatus and pine wood nematode; Be convenient simple and easy, the technology of the processing pine nematode dead and drying tree of highly effective and safe.
3, with the stifling bagging compared with techniques of existing plastic sheeting for farm use; Present technique can be practiced thrift the production cost of handling pine nematode dead and drying tree about 50%; Not only can prevent the side effect of plastic sheeting for farm use and pesticide pollution environment, but also utilize the dwell characteristic of termite moth food pine tree dead and drying tree of woodland soil, quicken face of land organic substance and decompose; Promote material circulation, increased soil fertility.It is the new technology that typical environment-friendly type is handled the pine nematode dead and drying tree.
Embodiment
Consider that from the teiology angle of insect disease fungi comprises that insect disease that bacterium causes is actual and comprises two types: one type is pathogen, and another kind of is toxin.The one type of disease in back is not because the fungi that lives or live bacterium directly or invaded the host through wound and cause, but in the environment of host insect life, have fungi or bacteriogenic desinsection metabolite be toxin institute extremely.These materials have perhaps polluted the foodstuff per os, have perhaps polluted environment and have made toxin through the insect cuticle contact insect poisoned.The fungi or the bacterium that produce the tool insect killing substance are not necessarily pathogen, and possibly be the facultative pathogens not really important to the insect disease, or even some nonpathogenic bacteria.It is reported that the fungi of aspergillus (Aspergillus) sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium) and three genus of mould (Penicillim) can both produce the secondary metabolite poisonous to insect.The fungi of above-mentioned three genus is prevalent in the pine nematode dead and drying tree; This shows; Except Verticillium dahliae, white muscardine fungi were known insect pathogenic bacteria, aspergillus, sickle-like bacteria and Penicillium notatum all might produce secondary metabolite Monochamus alternatus is poisoned to death in the pine tree dead and drying tree.
The Monochamus alternatus larva is at woodland and assembles distribution; The microhabitat ventilation and penetrating light of ecological niche; Monochamus alternatus goes out each worm phase before the wood from ovum phase to adult eclosion end, all going into wooden axle center with moth is the center of circle, in the scope of peripheral 1-3 centimetre; Apart from one another by several centimeters to tens centimeters, be pipe-like and distribute between individuality.Be respectively: ovum phase and 1 instar larvae phase are distributed between cambium top layer and the cork layer; The 2-3 instar larvae phase is distributed between cambium and the xylem top layer; The 3-5 instar larvae phase eats in the dark burrow of xylem 2-3 centimetre; Upwards most, only a few is eaten into the burrow of food and axis parallel downwards, builds the pupa chamber to the mature larva phase and becomes worm to pupating.This is the time and space continuity ecological characteristics that Monochamus alternatus and pine tree woods form in the coevolution process; In case the people is the intensity of illumination and the warm and humid coefficient of Monochamus alternatus microhabitat for a change; Change the population density of roundheaded borer ecological niche and the clustered pattern between individuality; Be expected to create the ecotope that is unfavorable for Monochamus alternatus existence and breeding, make longicorn be in sub-health state, creation simultaneously is beneficial to Monochamus alternatus and eats into into potential entomopathogen such as the Verticillium dahliaes such as blue stain bacterium in the wood; Penicillium notatum, sickle-like bacteria, aspergillus; Bacterium such as white muscardine fungi and bacillus thuringiensis,Bt breeds rapidly, infects or kill the Monochamus alternatus that is in sub-health state to make it mortality, reaches the purpose of control Monochamus alternatus.
On earth, termite has had the history in 1.3 hundred million years, is that one type of vitality is strong, and fertility is high, the insect that life habit is special.In China; Having 28 provinces (district city) to account for 40% land domain all has termite to distribute, and the termite of having put down in writing at present has 746 kinds (yellow demutation etc., 2000); But the kind that constitutes harm is not as good as planting 1/20 of number; Most kinds are distributed in mountain forest, meadow, constitute hardly and cause harm, and do not endanger conifer standing tree alive fully.Utilize the soil termite moth food pine nematode dead and drying tree of dwelling; Both play the street cleaner, reached the promotion material circulation again, increased the effect of soil fertility; Lift a finger is that kind capable of using and the various soil of quantity are dwelt termite for handling the service of pine nematode dead and drying tree; Change harmful to treasure, increase soil fertility, help growing up healthy and sound of forest.
Below will combine embodiment that the present invention is done further description for the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Embodiment one
Between the month, 1000 mu of masson pine near-mature forests of Daya Gulf district panda company made an experiment in the Huizhou City in 11-12 in 2006.After the pine nematode dead and drying tree cuted down, trunk is cut into the Duan Mu of long 200cm together with the withered side shoot more than the diameter 1cm, stacks on the spot that adult is long-pending to be respectively the yard about 10 cubic metres, 20 cubic metres; The surface covers about 30cm with weeds and dry branches and fallen leaves; In inspection mid-April in next year, tangible aspergillus flavus epidemic disease takes place, check that altogether 162 root segment wood obtain 1208 Monochamus alternatus larvas and pupa; Dead borer population is 1187, and general mortality rate is 98.3%.
Embodiment two
105 national highways other 2200 mu of broad-leaved masson pine mixed forests in forest farm, Liu Xi river bambusa textile prestige work area made an experiment in the Guangzhou in the 6-9 month in 2009, and forest land gradient major part is that soil layer is thinner more than 25 °, the pine tree well-grown.According to pine nematode dead and drying tree generation quantity and position, select individual plant dead and drying tree processing method to make an experiment.Concrete operation method is following:
The pine nematode dead and drying tree is cuted down on the spot, be cut into the Duan Mu that is about 200cm, trunk is cleaned up together with the withered side shoot unification more than the diameter 1cm; With hoe sylvan life weeds shrub is shoveled light; When thicker soil, dig a dark about 20cm, the rectangle hole of the about 200cm * 100cm of length and width; Withered section wood is put into the hole together with withered side shoot, and all the other dead and drying trees are stacked on it successively; When soil layer is thin, need not dig pit, only need face of land foreign material are shoveled, let dead and drying tree directly contact and get final product with ground.Cover about 10cm with soil then, perhaps use the sylvan life dry branches and fallen leaves, the weeds shrub covers about 50cm, and compacting, pay special attention to two dead and drying tree cladding thickness, does not make and exposes.Handle 163 strain pine nematode dead and drying trees with this method in 6-9 between the month, generally handle inspection after 10 days, the heap rate about 50% on the termite; Inspection after 20 days; Last heap rate 100%, general after 3-6 months, the pine nematode dead and drying tree that volume is about 0.2 cubic metre can be by termite moth food totally; Reach and both eliminated Monochamus alternatus, remove the purpose of pine wood nematode again.Next year, experimental field pine nematode dead and drying tree generating capacity was 38 strains, control efficiency 86.7%.
Embodiment three
Simple village, Xin Tang town 800 mu of masson pine near-mature forests in plain boiled water village make an experiment in Zengcheng City in by the end of July, 2011 in, and coprocessing 864 strain pine nematode dead and drying trees are handled 192 heaps with the earth backing method, and multiple careless method is handled 93 heaps; Handle inspection after 10 days, heap rate 38% on the termite, Monochamus alternatus lethality 31%; Contrast lethality 8% is handled inspection after 25 days, heap rate 100% on the termite; Monochamus alternatus lethality 51.8%, contrast lethality 12.1% estimates that the Monochamus alternatus lethality can reach more than 90% by the end of December.
Claims (7)
1. the processing method of a pine nematode dead and drying tree is characterized in that: the pine nematode dead and drying tree is cuted down on the spot, with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weeds shrub and/or soil covering pine nematode dead and drying tree.
2. the processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: behind pine nematode dead and drying tree peripheral ground weeds shrub shovel light; Again the pine nematode dead and drying tree is cuted down on the spot, the pine nematode dead and drying tree is directly contacted with soil.
3. the processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that: after the pine nematode dead and drying tree is cuted down on the spot, with trunk and more than the diameter 1cm withered side shoot be cut into the section of long 180 ~ 220cm, cover again.
4. the processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: under the thicker situation of woodland soil horizon; Dig a heatable adobe sleeping platform; With pine nematode dead and drying tree trunk and more than the diameter 1cm withered side shoot put into heatable adobe sleeping platform, cover with soil and/or woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weeds shrub.
5. according to the processing method of claim 3 or 4 described pine nematode dead and drying trees, it is characterized in that: when covering with soil, thickness of earth covering is 8 ~ 15cm.
6. according to the processing method of claim 3 or 4 described pine nematode dead and drying trees, it is characterized in that: when covering with woodland dry branches and fallen leaves or weeds shrub, cladding thickness is 30 ~ 60cm.
7. the processing method of pine nematode dead and drying tree according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the long 180 ~ 220cm of said adobe kang, wide 80 ~ 120cm, dark 15 ~ 25cm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102907285A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-06 | 惠州市神龙松材线虫病综合治理有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for preventing pine wood nematode disease from spreading |
| CN103125322A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-05 | 遵义市林业科学研究所 | Pesticide application method for handling monochamus alternatus in bursaphelench xylophilus diseased wood |
| CN108450206A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-28 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Mitigate the regulation and control method of the flat sawfly harm of the cheek |
| CN111034512A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 湖南捷力洲有害生物防制有限公司 | Forestry pine wood nematode prevention and control method |
| CN111492870A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for preventing and treating pine wood nematode disease |
| CN113575231A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-02 | 巢湖市友林林业有害生物防治有限公司 | Treatment method of dead and dead pine wood with pine wilt disease |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1850462A (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2006-10-25 | 惠州市普惠森林病虫害防治工程有限公司 | Pine nematodiasis wood sterilizing method |
| CN1857073A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2006-11-08 | 畹町市国营林场 | Method for killing pine nematode and its monochamus alternatus hope by planting tuckahoe |
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2011
- 2011-09-09 CN CN2011102670396A patent/CN102428907A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1850462A (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2006-10-25 | 惠州市普惠森林病虫害防治工程有限公司 | Pine nematodiasis wood sterilizing method |
| CN1857073A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2006-11-08 | 畹町市国营林场 | Method for killing pine nematode and its monochamus alternatus hope by planting tuckahoe |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 白秀萍: "日本松材线虫的防治措施", 《林业实用技术》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102907285A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-06 | 惠州市神龙松材线虫病综合治理有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for preventing pine wood nematode disease from spreading |
| CN103125322A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-06-05 | 遵义市林业科学研究所 | Pesticide application method for handling monochamus alternatus in bursaphelench xylophilus diseased wood |
| CN108450206A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-28 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Mitigate the regulation and control method of the flat sawfly harm of the cheek |
| CN111034512A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 湖南捷力洲有害生物防制有限公司 | Forestry pine wood nematode prevention and control method |
| CN111492870A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for preventing and treating pine wood nematode disease |
| CN113575231A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-02 | 巢湖市友林林业有害生物防治有限公司 | Treatment method of dead and dead pine wood with pine wilt disease |
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Application publication date: 20120502 |