CN102906464B - 隔离器 - Google Patents

隔离器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102906464B
CN102906464B CN201180017771.6A CN201180017771A CN102906464B CN 102906464 B CN102906464 B CN 102906464B CN 201180017771 A CN201180017771 A CN 201180017771A CN 102906464 B CN102906464 B CN 102906464B
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axle
belt wheel
shaft
retainer
pulley
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CN102906464A (zh
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A·塞科
P·沃德
I·阿里
D·施奈德
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Gates Corp
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Gates Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/20—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with expandable or contractable clamping ring or band
    • F16D41/206—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with expandable or contractable clamping ring or band having axially adjacent coils, e.g. helical wrap-springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
    • F16F15/1216—Torsional springs, e.g. torsion bar or torsionally-loaded coil springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
    • F16F15/1217—Motion-limiting means, e.g. means for locking the spring unit in pre-defined positions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/36—Pulleys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/36—Pulleys
    • F16H2055/366—Pulleys with means providing resilience or vibration damping

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种隔离器，包括轴(10)，在第一衬套(40)和第二衬套(50)上被轴颈安装到轴上的带轮(20)，轴包括设置在轴的径向外表面(14)上的轴止动件(12)，带轮和轴相对于彼此能够旋转地运动，带轮包括内部轮毂(23)，内部轮毂具有被设置用于协同地接合轴止动件的带轮止动件(24)，与轴和带轮接合的扭力弹簧(30)，扭力弹簧施加平行于旋转轴线(A-A)的收缩力，以便将带轮保持在轴上，被固定到轴上的盖构件(60)，带轮通过扭力弹簧的轴向收缩力被推动成与盖构件接合，和被设置在轴止动件上以用于接合带轮止动件的橡胶构件(80)。

Description

隔离器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种隔离器，更特别地，涉及一种具有扭力弹簧的交流发电机的隔离器，该扭力弹簧施加轴向收缩力以将带轮保持在轴上。
背景技术
车辆的内燃机一般包括前端带所驱动的附件驱动装置。附件可以包括动力转向装置、交流发电机、水泵等等。附件驱动装置还可以被称为蛇形驱动装置，这是由于带常常围绕发动机的前平面形成曲折的路径。
典型的蛇形驱动系统包括在车辆的内燃机的曲轴上的主动带轮，用于附件的一系列从动带轮以及环绕主动和从动带轮的凸面带。蛇形驱动的优点在于通过在带上提供自动带张紧器，附件能够被固定安装。
特别地，当发动机是四缸类型时，主动带轮在带上建立高的动态负载。该高的动态负载是由于曲轴的变化扭矩输出特性。带张紧器不能够适应所有的变化扭矩特性。由于瞬间的带打滑，结果会是噪声和降低的带寿命。
现有技术的代表是US专利5,139,463，其公开了一种用于机动车辆的蛇形带驱动系统，其中从动组件的序列包括交流发电机组件，该交流发电机组件包括壳体和安装在壳体中用于绕着电枢轴线旋转的电枢组件。轮毂结构由壳体外部的电枢组件承载，用于绕着电枢轴线随其旋转。螺旋弹簧以操作的关系被设置在交流发电机带轮和轮毂结构之间，以用于通过蛇形驱动带将交流发电机带轮的从动旋转运动传递到轮毂结构，以使电枢组件以与交流发电机带轮相同的方向旋转，同时在其从动旋转运动的期间能够相对于交流发电机带轮在相反的方向上进行瞬间的相对弹性的旋转运动。
所需要的是具有扭力弹簧的隔离器，该扭力弹簧施加轴向收缩力，以将带轮保持在轴上。本发明满足这种需求。
发明内容
本发明的主要方面是一种具有扭力弹簧的隔离器，该扭力弹簧施加轴向收缩力，以将带轮保持在轴上。
通过本发明下面的描述和附图，本发明的其他方面将被指出或变得明显。
本发明包括一种隔离器，其包括轴，在第一衬套和第二衬套上被轴颈安装(journalled)到轴上的带轮，轴包括设置在轴的径向外表面上的轴止动件，带轮和轴相对于彼此能够旋转地运动，带轮包括内部轮毂，内部轮毂具有被设置用于协同地接合轴止动件的带轮止动件，与轴和带轮接合的扭力弹簧，扭力弹簧施加平行于旋转轴线的收缩力，以便将带轮保持在轴上，被固定到轴上的盖构件，带轮通过扭力弹簧的轴向收缩力被推动成与盖构件接合，和被设置在轴止动件上以用于接合带轮止动件的橡胶构件。
附图说明
结合在说明书中并且成为说明书一部分的附图示出了本发明的优选实施例，并且与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明的隔离器的横截面视图。
图2是本发明的隔离器的透视图。
图3是本发明的隔离器的分解图。
图4是本发明的隔离器的分解图。
图5是由金属对金属的接触所产生的噪声的图表。
图6是由橡胶覆盖的止动件所产生的噪声的图表。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明的隔离器的横截面视图。隔离器100包括轴10和带轮20。带轮20在衬套40和衬套50上被轴颈安装到轴10。带轮20通过扭力弹簧30被连接到轴10。
扭力弹簧30是在无负载状态下具有最小簧圈间距的伸缩式弹簧。在无负载状态下在每个簧圈之间的间距可以是在0mm(接触中)直到大约0.5mm之间的任何值。在组装期间，扭力弹簧的一个端部被压入带轮20的接收部分27中，并且另一个端部被压入轴10的接收部分15中。扭力弹簧被安装后，轴和带轮就被拉开大约2mm到3mm，由此扭力弹簧被拉长到期望的轴向长度，以便获得预期的大约20N到50N的轴向收缩力。收缩扭力弹簧刚度在大约5N/mm到20N/mm的范围中。轴向收缩弹簧力平行且沿着旋转轴线A-A起作用。带轮通过由扭力弹簧所施加的收缩力被保持与轴旋转接合。
盖60被压到轴10的端部11上，并且通过型锻(swage)或其他已知的方法被紧固。盖60将与衬套50的凸缘51对接。凸缘51被扭力弹簧30的收缩力加载以靠在盖60上。凸缘22滑动地靠在衬套凸缘51上。衬套50可以相对于带轮20或者轴10被固定。
带轮20的径向延伸的凸缘21和轴向延伸的凸缘22与盖60形成迷宫式密封，其保护隔离器的内部部件不被污染。
图2是本发明的隔离器的透视图。三个止动件24从带轮20的轮毂23平行于轴线A-A轴向延伸。还有三个止动件12形成在轴10的径向外表面14上。橡胶构件80被设置在带轮止动件24和轴止动件12之间，以缓冲冲击脉冲，由此降低操作噪声和振动。
在带轮止动件24之间的间隙25协同地接收止动件12，该间隙允许带轮20相对于轴10的相对旋转运动，使得隔离器的扭力弹簧能够根据隔离器是主动部件还是从动部件而缠绕或展开。
部分13用于接收工具，比如扳手或套筒(未图示)。
图3是本发明的隔离器的分解图。橡胶构件80是单个零件，其接合三个轴止动件12中每一个。构件80在止动件12上被压配合到轴10上。带轮20包括多肋表面26，用于接合带(未图示)。带轮止动件24被设置在轮毂23上。
图4是本发明的隔离器的分解图。衬套40滑动接合在轴10和轮毂23之间。衬套50与带轮20压配合。衬套表面52与端部11的表面110滑动接合。衬套表面51进一步与盖表面61滑动接合。表面51通过扭力弹簧30的收缩力被压入接合中。
轮毂23被设置在带轮外部多肋状表面26的径向内部。
图5是由金属对金属的接触所产生的噪声的图表。当载荷反向时，当金属的止动件相碰时通常产生噪声。在操作期间，隔离器将经受载荷反向，比如在减速期间。然而，交流发电机电枢的惯性将引起交流发电机轴转速超过(overrun)带，这引起轴止动件撞击带轮止动件。反之亦然，即，在驱动模式中，带轮将向前旋转直到带轮止动件接合轴止动件，在该点处扭矩将从带轮流到轴上以驱动交流发电机。
图6是由橡胶覆盖的止动件所产生的噪声的图表。当止动件接合时所产生的噪声由于使用橡胶构件80而显著降低。
尽管在此已经描述了本发明的一种形式，然而对本领域的技术人员显而易见的是在不偏离在此所描述的本发明的精神和范围的情形下可以对零件的结构和关系做出改变。

Claims (4)

1.一种隔离器，包括：
轴(10)；
在第一衬套(40)和第二衬套(50)上被轴颈安装到轴上的带轮(20)；
轴包括设置在轴的径向外表面(14)上的轴止动件(12)；
带轮和轴相对于彼此能够旋转地运动；
带轮包括内部轮毂(23)，该内部轮毂具有被设置用于协同地接合轴止动件的带轮止动件(24)；
与轴和带轮接合的扭力弹簧(30)，扭力弹簧施加平行于旋转轴线(A-A)的收缩力，以便将带轮保持在轴上；
被固定到轴上的盖构件(60)，带轮通过扭力弹簧的轴向收缩力被推动成与盖构件接合；和
被设置在轴止动件上以用于接合带轮止动件的橡胶构件(80)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔离器，其特征在于，带轮包括多肋表面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隔离器，其特征在于，进一步包括工具接收部分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隔离器，其特征在于，带轮包括与盖构件形成迷宫式密封的凸缘。
CN201180017771.6A 2010-04-06 2011-03-31 隔离器 Expired - Fee Related CN102906464B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US12/798,512 2010-04-06
US12/798,512 US8419574B2 (en) 2010-04-06 2010-04-06 Isolator
PCT/US2011/030645 WO2011126916A1 (en) 2010-04-06 2011-03-31 Isolator

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EP (1) EP2556274B1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO2011126916A1 (zh)

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WO2011126916A1 (en) 2011-10-13
WO2011126916A8 (en) 2012-10-26
US20110245000A1 (en) 2011-10-06
CN102906464A (zh) 2013-01-30
JP5545585B2 (ja) 2014-07-09
KR20130000420A (ko) 2013-01-02
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JP2013524126A (ja) 2013-06-17
US8419574B2 (en) 2013-04-16

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