CN102898498B - 葡萄糖醛酸转移酶ugt1a3的特异性探针底物及其应用 - Google Patents
葡萄糖醛酸转移酶ugt1a3的特异性探针底物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一类葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3的特异性探针底物及其应用,其中酶活测定的具体操作流程如下:选择具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物作为高特异性探针底物,并借助UGT体外孵育体系开展特异性底物的UGT催化反应,通过定量检测单位时间内产物生成量或底物消除量来测定各生物样品及细胞中UGT1A3酶的活性。本发明可用于不同种属、不同个体来源生物样本中UGT1A3酶活的定量评估,以及不同来源的动物组织细胞培养液及细胞制备物中UGT1A3酶活的定量测定,以期实现对重要药物代谢酶UGT1A3处置药物能力的评估。
Description
技术领域
本发明属医药技术领域,具体涉及一类葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3的特异性探针底物及其应用。
背景技术
葡萄糖醛酸转移酶(Urid ine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase,UGT)超家族包含了机体内重要的Ⅱ相代谢酶,催化化合物与辅因子尿苷二磷酸葡糖醛酸(UDPGA)结合,从而增加底物的亲水性,使其能更有效地从尿或胆汁中排出体外,这是机体的一个重要的解毒过程。目前,人体中葡萄糖醛酸转移酶可根据基因序列分为UGT1、UGT2、UGT3和UGT8四个大家族(Drug Metab Rev 2010,42:45-54)。其中,UGT1A3是UGT1A亚家族中的第三号蛋白,主要分布于人体肝脏、胃肠等组织。其底物谱广泛,UGT1A3不仅催化香豆素类、黄酮类、蒽醌类、胺类和一些小分子酚类的代谢;一些含有羧酸基团的药物,尤其是非甾体类抗炎药,也是UGTIA3的底物。此外,UGTIA3还参与内源性甾体雌酮、2-羟基雌酮和鹅去氧胆酸等胆汁酸的代谢(Drug Metab Dispos 2004,32:281-90;Hepatology 2006,44:1158-70.)。因此,UGT1A3的催化活性可直接影响黄酮或甾体、胆汁酸等化合物在机体中的浓度,从而对这些小分子的活性及毒性产生影响。
目前,已经报道的最有可能成为UGTA3的探针底物只有一个,为六氟-1α,25-二羟基维生素D3,但是,UGT2B4和UGT2B7也能参与六氟-1α,25-二羟基维生素D3的葡萄糖醛酸结合反应。由于UGT2B4和UGT2B7在肝脏中的表达量明显高于UGT1A3,严重限制了其在人肝微粒体中的应用。
目前,葡萄糖醛酸转移酶活性的体外评价体系主要包括重组单酶﹑哺乳动物的亚细胞组分﹑新鲜提取的肝细胞﹑原代培养肝细胞、肝切片﹑肝灌流等(Toxicology in Vitro 2006,135–153),其中已经商品化的重组UGT1A3单酶主要来自于细菌、昆虫细胞、哺乳动物细胞以及酵母菌建立的克隆表达体系,而亚细胞组分主要包括微粒体、S9成分。采用这些标准化的评价体系,结合相应的辅因子(如:UDPGA等)和孵育条件,可通过检测探针底物的代谢清除或产物生成速率,对上述各种体系中表达的UGT1A3酶活性进行表征。
综上所述,UGT1A3的特异性探针药物的开发具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一类葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3的特异性探针底物及其应用,该特异性探针底物是D环16位具有羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物,与目前已报道的探针/标准底物六氟-1α,25-二羟基维生素D3不同,这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物对UGT1A3具有更高的选择性,在人肝等生物样品中也可用于UGT1A3酶活性的评估与测定,对评估个体样本的酶活差异具有重要意义。
本发明提供了一类葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3的特异性探针底物,该特异性探针底物是D环16位具有羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物(bufadienolides),其结构式如图1所示,其中R基团为-OH、-OAc、=O、-OMe中的一种。
本发明还提供的一种利用所述特异性探针底物定量测定生物体系中UGT1A3酶活的方法,采用图1所示的化合物作为底物,通过定量检测单位时间内的底物消除量或其葡萄糖醛酸产物的生成量来测定各生物样品及细胞中UGT1A3酶的活性。具体测定方法为:
——体系中以这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物中的一种作为特异性探针底物;底物浓度选择1-500μM;
——在具有辅因子UDPGA中,反应温度为20℃至60℃之间,优选37℃为最优反应时间;孵育体系pH介于5.5~10.5之间。
——反应时间为10-120分钟,在确保以上底物相应的16位葡萄糖醛酸结合产物达到定量限且底物转化率低于10%时终止反应;
——测定单位时间内底物减少量或葡萄糖醛酸结合产物生成量作为萄糖醛酸转移酶酶活性的评价指标。
其中检测底物减少量或其对应葡萄糖醛酸结合产物生成量的定量检测方法为紫外吸收光谱、质谱、放射性同位素示踪技术、荧光激发光谱、蒸发光散射或电化学光谱检测。所有检测器包括紫外吸收光谱检测器、质谱、放射性同位素示踪技术、蒸发光散射或电化学光谱检测器中的一种或多种串联。
采用重组葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3单酶,肝微粒体孵育体系进行考察,通过相关性分析,特异性抑制实验,重组单酶代谢反应,以及酶反应动力学几方面的证据,证明这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物均可特异性的经葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3酶代谢(如图2所示),依次生成16位葡萄糖醛酸结合产物。进一步采用各种哺乳动物的新鲜提取的肝细胞﹑原代培养肝细胞、肝切片﹑肝灌流等代谢评价体系进行考察,发现该代谢反应具有非常良好的特异性。
作为高特异性的葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3的探针底物,这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物均可以用来检测葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3酶活性,尤其适合用于对细菌、昆虫细胞、哺乳动物细胞以及酵母菌克隆表达体系生产的葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3重组酶的酶活测定,以及多种哺乳动物组织器官来源的微粒体、S-9等制备物中UGT1A3的活性标定。
选用本发明所述葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3酶的特异性探针底物检测葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3酶体外活性具有以下突出优势:
(1)高特异性,这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物可被目标葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3高特异性地代谢成为相应的葡萄糖醛酸结合产物。
(2)这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物可来源于中药蟾酥,也可在天然蟾蜍甾烯类化合物结构基础上通过简单的生物转化或化学合成来获得,来源简单,易于获得。
(3)检测灵敏,具有蟾蜍甾烯类母核结构的化合物均具有良好的紫外吸收特性(290~300nm)以及离子化效果,可以通过常规分析手段方便对其定量。在临床应用中,无需另行购买昂贵的检测设备。
附图说明
图1.具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物的基本结构式;
图2.3-酮-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精(KDC)和3-表-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精(EDC)的人重组单酶筛选试验结果;
图3.3-表-去乙酰基华蟾毒精(EDC)及其葡萄糖醛酸结合产物(GEDC)在人肝微粒体中的UFLC-UV图;
图4.3-表-去乙酰基华蟾毒精葡萄糖醛酸结合产物(GEDC)在人肝微粒体中的UFLC-ESI-MS图;
图5.3-酮-去乙酰基华蟾毒精(KDC)及其葡萄糖醛酸结合产物(GKDC)在人肝微粒体中的UFLC-UV图;
图6.3-酮-去乙酰基华蟾毒精葡萄糖醛酸结合产物人肝微粒体中的UFLC-ESI-MS图;
图7.这类具有16位羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物的UGT1A3介导的葡萄糖醛酸结合的代谢通路。
具体实施例
下列实施例是为了进一步说明本发明,而不是要限制其范围。
实施例1
3-表-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精用于12例个体人肝微粒体中UGT1A3酶活的测定
购买商业化的十二例来自不同个体的人肝微粒体样本,利用3-表-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精测定人肝样品中UGT1A3的酶活,具体操作流程如下:
(1)200微升体外代谢反应体系中,25μg/ml丙甲菌素以及5mMMgCl2,人肝微粒体浓度为0.2mg/ml,3-表-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精终浓度为30μM,于37℃条件下预孵3分钟;
(2)于反应体系中加入10μl UDPGA(终浓度40mM)起始反应;
(3)10分钟后,加入200μl甲醇,剧烈震荡后,终止反应;
(4)采用高速冷冻离心机,在20,000×g的条件下,高速离心上述体系10分钟后,取上清,进行UFLC-UV检测分析;
通过紫外吸收光谱在300nm下对葡萄糖醛酸结合产物的生成量进行定量检测,代表性UFLC-UV谱图如图3所示。测定结果表明,根据3-表-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精代谢产物的生成速度在不同来源的人肝微粒体中具有较大差别,最高活性与最低活性差距达7.1倍。
实施例2
3-酮-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精用于检测人重组UGT1A3体系的酶活
利用3-酮-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精检测不同批次间人重组单酶的催化活性,具体步骤如下:
(1)200微升体外代谢反应体系中,25μg/ml丙甲菌素以及5mMMgCl2,重组UGT1A3浓度为0.1mg/ml,3-酮-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精终浓度为30μM,于38℃条件下预孵10分钟;
(2)于反应体系中加入10μl UDPGA(终浓度40mM)起始反应;
(3)10分钟后,加入200μl甲醇,剧烈震荡后,终止反应;
(4)采用高速冷冻离心机,在20,000×g的条件下,高速离心上述体系10分钟后,取上清,进行UFLC-UV检测分析;
通过紫外吸收光谱在300nm下对葡萄糖醛酸结合产物的生成量进行定量检测,代表性UFLC-UV谱图如图5所示。测定结果表明,根据3-酮-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精代谢产物的生成速度在不同批次的UGT1A3重组単酶中存在微小差异,最高活性与最低活性差距只有0.2倍。
实施例3
3-乙酰基-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精用于人肝细胞中UGT1A3的酶活的测定
(1)用肝细胞温孵液将细胞稀释,置于6孔培养板中,每孔4ml,放入金属浴振荡器中,80r/min,40℃连续振荡孵育120分钟;
(2)于培养板中加入3-乙酰基-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精,终浓度为50μM;
(3)30分钟后吸取温孵液200μl于-80℃超低温冰箱中止反应;
(4)样品加入200μl甲醇沉淀蛋白,并采用高速冷冻离心机,在20,000×g的条件下,高速离心上述体系10分钟后,取上清,进行UFLC-ESI-MS检测分析。
分别采用UFLC-ESI-MS检测3-乙酰基-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精及其代谢产物,选择SIM模式检测3-乙酰基-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精及其代谢产物的分子离子峰[M+H]-(m/z 441&m/z 617)。结果表明,利用UFLC-ESI-MS检测3-乙酰基-16-去乙酰基华蟾毒精及其代谢产物的灵敏度可达0.1nM,可以灵敏的定量测定动物细胞中葡萄糖醛酸转移酶的活性。
Claims (1)
1.式(1)化合物在制备用于定量测定UGT1A3酶活的葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A3特异性探针底物中的应用,其特征在于:该特异性探针底物是16位具有羟基的蟾蜍甾烯类化合物,其结构式见式(1),其中R基团为-OH、-OAc、=O、-OMe中的一种,
采用上述式(1)化合物作为底物,通过定量检测单位时间内的底物消除量或其葡萄糖醛酸产物的生成量来测定各生物样品及细胞中UGT1A3酶的活性;
所述测定方法条件为:底物浓度介于1/5~5Km之间;孵育体系pH介于5.5~10.5之间;反应温度介于20~60℃之间;产物生成率或底物转化率低于10%。
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