CN102892566B - 用于检测注塑零件中的插入物的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于检测注塑零件(2)中的插入物(1,8)的方法,其中通过在注塑周期开始之前将该插入物(1,8)插入到型腔(3)中,使得该插入物(1,8)在注塑时与注塑零件(2)固定地连接,其中该型腔(3)由模具(5)的模具壁(4)围绕。根据本发明,在模具壁(4)中安装至少一个温度或压力传感器(6,7),在注塑周期期间该传感器在至少一个时间点上采集和分析至少一个测量值。根据该分析确定,在该注塑周期期间插入物(1)是否处于型腔(3)中的规定位置。最后,在注塑零件(2)脱模之后,根据对测量值的分析将其归类为合格品或废品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于检测注塑(注射成型)零件中的插入物的方法,其中通过在注塑周期开始之前将该插入物插入到型腔中,使得该插入物在注塑时与该注塑零件固定地连接,其中该型腔由模具的模具壁围绕。
背景技术
在注塑时经常将插入物插入到型腔中,以便例如通过位于外部的薄膜使注塑产品获得确定的表面。例如其可以是酸奶杯或胰岛素注射器。这类插入物的表面例如具有产品特定的信息、广告、过期日期和/或条形码。
可能发生的是,在注塑零件的生产中会出现偏差以及在型腔中会意外地没有插入或插入过多的插入物。这样制造出的注塑零件必须在生产之后被分类为废品。
目前,用于检测、亦即用于确定插入物或仅一个插入物的存在的质量控制在生产过程之后执行。为此,使用照相机,该照相机产生所制造的注塑产品的图像。根据对图像的费用高昂的分析,可以最终确定注塑零件是否具有所期望的插入物,由此可以相应地将该注塑零件归类为合格品或废品。
由专利文献US5582845已知一种系统,其在执行注塑过程之前利用照相机光学检测插入件。如果缺少插入件,则会发出警报,然后系统移回并获取插入件,以排除这个错误。同样,在专利文献DE202008014027U1、JP60219017、JP60068918和JP63220967中,分别在注射过程之前检测插入件,并在确定不存在这样的插入件时停止该过程。由此,防止制造出有缺陷的零件。
尽管所有这些方法都有效地避免了在没有插入件的情况下制造出有缺陷的零件。然而需要强调的是:在机器中断之后必须重新启动该过程,这可能会特别地通过改变的熔融温度(对此仅列举一个例子)而导致其它的复杂情况。
此外,已经证实光学方法是有问题的,因为由于必须要对不同的灰度梯度进行可靠的评估,因此它们需要复杂的评价系统。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种用于对前述类型的注塑零件中的插入物进行检测的方法,其与已知的方法相比费用更低、更便宜。此外,通过这种方法能够尽可能地不对注塑过程产生干扰。
本发明的目的通过独立权利要求的特征来实现。
本发明的基本构思首先在于,在模具壁中安装至少一个温度或压力传感器,其在注塑周期期间在至少一个时间点上采集至少一个温度或压力形式的测量值。随后对该测量值进行分析。然后在该分析的基础上确定:在注塑周期期间在型腔中的规定位置是否存在插入物。在注塑零件脱模(Auswurf)之后,根据对该测量值的分析将其归类为合格品或废品。
这种方法的优点在于,在注塑零件脱模时就已经确定,该注塑零件是否是合格品。因此,不仅节省了照相机和其它的高费用的分析,而且还省略了在注塑零件脱模之后注塑零件所需要的处理。
此外,不需要为这种检测中断生产过程,而是只对有缺陷的零件进行分类。由误生产引起的损失在许多情况下都大大低于过程中断所造成的损失,因为这样可以省去对该过程的启动。
该方法的另一个优点在于,使用温度或压力传感器来替代光学检测系统,其测量值非常容易被评估。此外,在根据本发明的方法中,优选在注射步骤中进行测量。这样做的优势在于,这样获得的测量值也可用于注射过程。这意味着,在某些情况下可以使用已存在的传感器,或者可以将所使用的传感器同时用于系统的控制。
其它优选的方法将在从属权利要求中进行说明。
术语“合格品”或“废品”在本文中仅涉及与插入物相关联的质量。显而易见,所生产出的注塑零件即使正确地包含了插入物,其也可能会由于其它的原因而不合格,并因此被归类到废品中。合格品最终仅仅是满足所有规定的质量要求的零件。
附图说明
下面参照附图对本发明做详细说明。其中:
图1示出了适用于根据本发明的方法的注塑模具的截面示意图;
图2示出了来自如图1所示的模具的注塑零件。
具体实施方式
图1示出了注塑设备的模具5的截面图。模具5由两个半部组成,它们共同限定了由模具壁4围绕的型腔3。在注塑成型时,在型腔3中形成注塑零件2,如图2所示。为此,通过浇注口9向型腔3中注射由液态塑料构成的熔融物10。在熔融物10凝固之后将两个模具5的半部打开,使制成的注塑零件2脱模。一个注塑周期就此结束。
在这两个模具5的半部再次结合以便开始新的周期之前,可以将插入物1、8插入到型腔3中。在注射熔融物10时,这些插入物1与熔融物10连接成注塑零件2。
下面将描述根据本发明的用于检测注塑零件2中的插入物1、8的方法。
根据本发明,在模具壁4中安装至少一个传感器6、7,其在一个注塑周期期间在至少一个时间点上采集并分析作为测量值的至少一个温度或压力。基于这种分析确定:在该注塑周期期间在型腔3中的规定位置上是否存在插入物1、8。最后,在注塑零件2脱模之后,根据对测量值的分析将注塑零件2归类为合格品或废品。但是,如果合格品可能由于其它的原因(例如由于没有足够的尺寸精确性)而是有缺陷的,则也可以将其相应地归类为废品。在此所描述的归类可以相应地被理解为预分类。
根据本发明的方法的优点在于:还可以在注塑周期期间对插入物1、8进行早期检测。这省略了费用较高的对制成的注塑零件2的处理以及其它的识别设备和分析,直至最终可以按照合格品进行分类。
传感器6、7是温度传感器6或压力传感器6。
如果插入物1直接贴靠在传感器6附近的模具壁4上,则温度传感器6可以在熔融物10到达传感器6的位置的时间点根据缓慢的温度上升来确定插入物1的存在。当插入物1直接贴靠在传感器6附近的模具壁4上时,压力传感器6在注塑周期期间会承受较小的压力增加和/或较小的最高压力。这样,温度和压力传感器6就可以检测插入物1。
一般情况下,测量值可以在填充过程期间或必要时在填充过程之后,但总是在注塑周期期间,在制成的注塑零件脱模之前,采集测量值。
传感器6、7可以以不同的方式安装在模具壁4中。所提及的两种类型的传感器6、7都可以被安装到朝向型腔3的开口中,以致于它们自身就限定了型腔表面的一部分。但是,它们也可以以非常接近型腔3的方式被安装在模具壁4中,从而它们仍可以足够精确地测量通过剩余的模具壁4传递过来的压力和/或热流,以便确定所需要的差异。
当然,也可以在模具壁4中安装多个传感器6、7,以便例如确定插入物1、8是否被正确地定位。例如,如果插入物1、8在型腔3中是倾斜的或者在注射过程中从期望的位置移开,则可以通过在关键位置处,例如在长方形的插入物1、8的所有四个角处进行检测,来确定这种情况。
根据对所测定的测量数据的分析,同样可以确定,在注塑周期期间在型腔3中的各个位置上是否不存在插入物、仅仅存在一个插入物、或存在多个插入物1、8。由此,当意外地插入了更多的插入物1时,也可以将注塑零件2归类为废品。这尤其可以通过缓慢的温度上升或过低的最大压力来予以确定。同样,在应该没有插入物1、8的位置处也可以进行检查。
通常可取的是,采集和分析多个测量值,特别是测量曲线。因此,在注塑周期中出现时间延迟时始终也可以确定,数据系列中的哪些数据要被评估。例如,从测量曲线中测定整个注塑周期中的最大压力并将其与参考值进行比较。另外,可以通过测定温度上升的时间点,从测量数据中识别熔融物10到达的时间。在该时间点对测量值进行分析对于插入物1的检测是有意义的。
在分析过程中将所有传感器6、7的测量值或测量曲线与预先给定的理论范围(标称范围)进行比较。如果所有采集到的测量值或测量曲线都位于该理论范围内,则将该注塑零件2归类为合格品。
如果在模具壁4中设置多个传感器6、7,则在注塑周期期间也可以检测位于不同位置处的更多的插入物1、8。最后,根据对这些测量值的分析将注塑零件2归类为合格品或废品。特别地,可以在模具5中装设相同类型和/或不同类型的传感器6、7。
插入物1尤其可以是位于注塑零件2的外侧面上的薄膜。对于这种在表面上具有薄膜的注塑零件2,例如是用于食品工业或药品以及日用品(例如圆珠笔)的塑料包装,其上带有广告印刷。为了获得可回收的产品,优选地,插入物1由与例如制造该注塑零件的熔融物相同的材料制成。可替代的材料包括纸板、纸、铝、皮革、塑料、金属以及纺织材料。当然也可以使用其它的材料。
其它的插入物8利用塑料材料被过喷涂(überspritzen,向外喷溅),并因此只有一小部分位于型腔3的边缘上。这些插入物尤其可以包括芯片、LED、电池、其它的电子元件和/或电导线。在透明的熔融物10中,还可以看到被过喷涂的插入物8并且例如用于装饰目的。
所包含的芯片上可以写明产品的特定信息,例如制造地点和日期。当然,也可以在之后为该芯片提供其它的信息,例如安装在机器中的时间。这可能是重要的,在以后注塑零件2出现问题时,可以根据使用时间、存储时间、制造者和/或制造来得出结论。
优选地,使用同时还用于注塑过程的控制或调节的传感器6、7。由此将不需要增加额外的传感器。
附图标记列表
1插入物,贴靠在型腔壁上
2注塑零件
3型腔
4模具壁
5模具
6温度或压力传感器,传感器
7温度或压力传感器,传感器
8插入物,与型腔壁间隔开并且仅小部分地毗邻边缘
9浇注口
10熔融物,塑料物质
Claims (13)
1.一种用于检测注塑零件(2)中的插入物(1,8)的方法,其中通过在注塑周期开始之前将插入物(1,8)插入到型腔(3)中,使得所述插入物(1,8)在注塑时与所述注塑零件(2)固定地连接,其中,该型腔(3)被模具(5)的模具壁(4)围绕,其特征在于:
a)在所述模具壁(4)中安装至少一个温度或压力传感器(6,7),所述传感器在注塑周期期间在至少一个时间点上采集和分析至少一个作为测量值的温度或压力;
b)根据所述分析确定,在注塑周期期间在所述型腔(3)中的规定位置,亦即在所述传感器的位置,是否存在插入物(1,8);以及
c)在所述注塑零件(2)脱模之后,根据对所述测量值的分析将所述注塑零件归类为合格品或废品。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在填充过程期间和/或之后采集所述测量值。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,根据对所述测量值的分析确定,在注塑周期期间在所述型腔(3)中的规定位置是否不存在插入物、仅仅存在一个插入物、或存在多个插入物(1、8)。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述温度或压力传感器(6,7)在注塑周期期间采集和分析多个测量值。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述温度或压力传感器(6,7)在注塑周期期间采集和分析一测量曲线。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述模具壁(4)中设置多个温度或压力传感器(6,7),所述多个温度或压力传感器在所述注塑周期期间检测位于不同位置的一个或多个插入物(1,8),并且还根据对所述测量值的分析将所述注塑零件(2)归类为合格品或废品。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述插入物是位于所述注塑零件(2)的外侧面上的薄膜。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述薄膜由纸、皮革、塑料、金属或纺织材料制成。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述薄膜由纸板制成。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述薄膜由铝制成。
11.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述插入物包括芯片、LED、电池、其它的电子元件和/或电导线。
12.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在分析过程中将所有温度或压力传感器(6、7)的一个或多个测量值或测量曲线与预先给定的理论范围进行比较,如果所有采集到的测量值或测量曲线都位于该理论范围内,则将所述注塑零件(2)归类为合格品。
13.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,用于检测插入物(1,8)的所述传感器(6、7)同时提供用于注塑系统的控制的测量数据。
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CH00786/10A CH703208A1 (de) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | Verfahren zum detektieren von einlageobjekten in einem spritzgussteil. |
CH786/10 | 2010-05-19 | ||
PCT/CH2011/000114 WO2011143786A1 (de) | 2010-05-19 | 2011-05-18 | Verfahren zum detektieren von einlageobjekten in einem spritzgussteil |
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CN104416834B (zh) * | 2013-09-06 | 2017-11-14 | 广州光宝移动电子部件有限公司 | 嵌件成型方法及其产品、嵌件成型模具及其设备 |
CN105835327B (zh) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏大学 | 一种检测嵌件成型件不饱模程度的装置与方法 |
US9957852B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 | 2018-05-01 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Cushion ring assembly for a sprocket driven by a chain |
CN108656442A (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-16 | 佛吉亚(中国)投资有限公司 | 一种用于气囊通道的注射成型的成型装置及其使用方法 |
US10836088B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2020-11-17 | Kistler Holding, Ag | Method for reproducing injection molded parts of quality and injection molding unit for performing the method |
JP6720949B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-05 | 2020-07-08 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | インサート成型品良否判断装置 |
DE102017128614A1 (de) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | Bbg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Formwerkzeug zum Umschäumen einer Scheibe und wenigstens eines Blecheinlegeteils |
US20210031425A1 (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2021-02-04 | Kistler Holding Ag | Pressure sensor |
CN110696275B (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-06-21 | 奇点新源国际技术开发(北京)有限公司 | 一种线缆节点的塑封方法 |
CN111633926B (zh) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-01-28 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种多层隔片式橡胶制品的成型方法、系统及介质 |
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KR101783501B1 (ko) | 2017-09-29 |
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EP2571668A1 (de) | 2013-03-27 |
CH703208A1 (de) | 2011-11-30 |
WO2011143786A1 (de) | 2011-11-24 |
US20130056893A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
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