CN102887963A - Extraction method of astragalus polysaccharide - Google Patents
Extraction method of astragalus polysaccharide Download PDFInfo
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- CN102887963A CN102887963A CN201210423350XA CN201210423350A CN102887963A CN 102887963 A CN102887963 A CN 102887963A CN 201210423350X A CN201210423350X A CN 201210423350XA CN 201210423350 A CN201210423350 A CN 201210423350A CN 102887963 A CN102887963 A CN 102887963A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction method of astragalus polysaccharide, comprising the following steps of: mixing smashed astragalus mongholicus with water of which the weight is 8-10 times as heavy as the weight of the astragalus mongholicus, adjusting the pH value at 4.5-5.0, adding cellulase according to the condition that the proportion of the cellulase to the astragalus mongholicus is 10-15U/g, extracting for 80-100 minutes at 40-50DEG C, filtering, extracting filter residue by water of which the weight is 6-8 times as heavy as the weight of the astragalus mongholicus for 60-80 minutes, merging two extracting solution, carrying out alcohol precipitation and filtration after concentration, and drying precipitation in a pressure reducing way to obtain the astragalus polysaccharide. The method adopts an enzyme treatment technology, and the technology is simple, so that the polysaccharide can not be damaged, and the extracted astragalus polysaccharide is high in yield and good in purity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant extraction, be specifically related to a kind of extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides.
Background technology
Plant is in process of growth, and cell constantly breaks up, and the structure of cell walls, character finally can form the protection structure with certain degree of hardness also in continuous change.Cell walls becomes the main barrier of Chinese medicinal materials extracting effective components.Plant cell wall mainly is to be assembled by the cellulosic molecule bundle to form, and its chief component composition is Mierocrystalline cellulose.Mierocrystalline cellulose is that the β-D-Glucose by chain-like structure is formed by connecting with β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glucoside bond.
Pharmaceutical cpd in the plant such as flavonoid, saponins, polyose, alkaloids, volatile oil, Anthraquinones, organic acid etc. mostly are present in the cell walls of plant, only have on a small quantity to be present in the intercellular substance.The extraction of effective constituent need to be through infiltrating with infiltration, resolving and a plurality of links such as dissolving, diffusion and displacement in the complete vegetable cell.
Astragalus polysaccharides can the Effective Raise immunity of organisms, has antibioticly, antiviral, significantly strengthens the effects such as vaccine protection, is the conventional Chinese medicine extract of modern farming disease prevention, health care, raising immunizing power.The extracting method of tradition astragalus polysaccharides mainly contain water extraction after direct water extraction or the degreasing, and ultrasonic wave or microwave method extract, these methods or exist extraction yield on the low side or strict to equipment requirements are implemented to acquire a certain degree of difficulty etc.Although acid or alkali method can improve extraction yield, the glucoside key of sour destructible polysaccharide forms more monose and oligose, reduces astragalus polysaccharides content.Alkaline extraction also can damage polysaccharide structures.In addition, need through neutralization after acid, the alkali lixiviate, the subsequent disposal program is numerous and diverse.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts enzyme treatment technique to extract astragalus polysaccharides, and the method technique is simple, and polysaccharide can be not destroyed, and it is good to extract gained astragalus polysaccharides yield height and purity.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides, it comprises the steps:
The Radix Astragali of pulverizing is mixed with the water of 8～10 times of its weight, with the used sour example hydrochloric acid of acid for adjusting pH value to 4.5～5.0(.Sulfuric acid etc., in order to give full play to this understanding the Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme activity), and add cellulase in the ratio of cellulase and Radix Astragali 10-15U/g, 40-50 ℃ of lixiviate 80～100min, filter, filter residue merges extracted twice liquid with water 40-50 ℃ of 6～8 times of astragalus weights lixiviate 60～80min again, alcohol precipitation, filtration after concentrated are got the precipitation drying under reduced pressure and be get final product.
Concrete: described concentrated rear alcohol precipitation, filtration are specially: being concentrated into relative density is 1.20～1.25(25 ℃); Then add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 60% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill 12-18h(alcohol precipitation gained first time precipitation and be mainly insoluble impurities, discard); Get supernatant liquor and continue to add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 80% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill 12-18h, filter, get and filter the gained precipitation through drying under reduced pressure and get final product.
The used cellulase of the present invention is bought common commercially available prod and is got final product.
The principle of enzyme extraction is to utilize the height specificity of enzyme reaction, and moiety hydrolysis or degraded with cell walls destroy cell walls, thereby improve the extraction yield of effective constituent.Enzymatic Extraction requires enzyme that specificity and the gentle reaction conditions of high activity, height are arranged.In the extraction of plants ' medicinal component, enzyme can be used as the lixiviate auxiliary.The effect of Enzymatic Extraction depends primarily on the many factors such as the kind, consumption, enzymolysis time, temperature, potential of hydrogen, fineness of materials, stirring of enzyme.The enzymatic treatment working conditions is gentle, selectivity is strong.Make the easier extraction of effective constituent by the degrading plant cell walls on the one hand, thereby reach the purpose that improves extract yield or lower solvent-oil ratio; Can be beneficial to extract and separate easier carrying out for the most of impurity degradation selectivities in the plant amedica on the other hand, also fully utilize simultaneously the dregs of a decoction, turn waste into wealth.
The inventive method technique is simple, and it is low to extract temperature, and polysaccharide can be not destroyed, and it is good to extract gained astragalus polysaccharides yield height and purity, and curative effect is also better.It is yellow to the yellowish brown powder adopting the inventive method to extract products obtained therefrom, and its polysaccharide content (adopting phenol-sulfuric acid process to measure) improves about 60% than the polysaccharide content (about 42.6%) that adopts the traditional method products obtained therefrom.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment the present invention is described in further details, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides, it comprises the steps: that the 10kg Radix Astragali that will pulverize places extractor, add the 80L purified water, with sulphur acid for adjusting pH value to 4.5, and add the cellulase of 100,000 U, rear 50 ℃ of lixiviate 100min stir, filter, filter residue merges extracted twice liquid with 50 ℃ of 60L purified water lixiviate 80min again, and being concentrated into relative density is 1.20; Then add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 60% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill 18h; Get supernatant liquor and continue to add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 80% of liquor capacity total amount, filter after leaving standstill 18h, get and filter the gained precipitation and namely get the 1106g extract through drying under reduced pressure, polysaccharide content 68.8%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides, it comprises the steps: that the 10kg Radix Astragali that will pulverize places extractor, add the 100L purified water, with salt acid for adjusting pH value to 4.5, and add the cellulase of 100,000 U, 50 ℃ of lixiviate 80min behind the mixing, filter, filter residue merges extracted twice liquid with 50 ℃ of 80L purified water lixiviate 60min again, and being concentrated into relative density is 1.20; Then add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 60% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill 12h; Get supernatant liquor and continue to add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 80% of liquor capacity total amount, filter after leaving standstill 12h, get and filter the gained precipitation and namely get the 1080g extract through drying under reduced pressure, polysaccharide content 70.2%.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides, it comprises the steps: that the 8kg Radix Astragali that will pulverize places extractor, add the 80L purified water, regulate pH value to 5.0, and add the cellulase of 100,000 U, 40 ℃ of lixiviate 100min, filter, filter residue merges extracted twice liquid with 40 ℃ of 64L purified water lixiviate 80min again, and being concentrated into relative density is 1.25; Then add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 60% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill 12h; Get supernatant liquor and continue to add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 80% of liquor capacity total amount, filter after leaving standstill 12h, get and filter the gained precipitation and namely get the 852g extract through drying under reduced pressure, polysaccharide content 67.7%.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides, it comprises the steps: that the 8kg Radix Astragali that will pulverize places extractor, add the 64L purified water, regulate pH value to 5.0, and add the cellulase of 80,000 U, 40 ℃ of lixiviate 80min, filter, filter residue merges extracted twice liquid with 45 ℃ of 50L purified water lixiviate 60min again, and being concentrated into relative density is 1.25; Then add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 60% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill 12h; Get supernatant liquor and continue to add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 80% of liquor capacity total amount, filter after leaving standstill 12h, get and filter the gained precipitation and namely get the 825g extract through drying under reduced pressure, polysaccharide content 69.8%.
Claims (2)
1. the extracting method of an astragalus polysaccharides is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The Radix Astragali of pulverizing is mixed with the water of 8～10 times of its weight, regulate pH value to 4.5～5.0, and add cellulase in the ratio of cellulase and Radix Astragali 10-15U/g, 40-50 ℃ of lixiviate 80～100min, filter, filter residue merges extracted twice liquid with water 40-50 ℃ of lixiviate 60～80min of 6～8 times of astragalus weights, alcohol precipitation, filtration after concentrated are got the precipitation drying under reduced pressure and be get final product.
2. the extracting method of astragalus polysaccharides as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described concentrated after alcohol precipitation, filter and be specially: being concentrated into relative density is 1.20～1.25; Then add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 60% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill; Get supernatant liquor and continue to add ethanol to alcohol concn and account for 80% of liquor capacity total amount, leave standstill rear filtration, get and filter the gained precipitation through drying under reduced pressure and get final product.
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| CN201210423350XA CN102887963A (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Extraction method of astragalus polysaccharide |
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| CN201210423350XA CN102887963A (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Extraction method of astragalus polysaccharide |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103288974A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 茅兴娟 | Method for extracting astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN103288975A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 茅兴娟 | Extracting method for refining astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN103316070A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-09-25 | 吴中区胥口精益生物医药研究所 | Radix astragali essence as well as preparation method and pharmaceutical application thereof |
| CN103382228A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-06 | 瑞普（天津）生物药业有限公司 | Preparation method for high-activity astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN103751253A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-04-30 | 四川莱邦药业有限公司 | Veterinary pharmaceutical composition for treating swine fever as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105175573A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2015-12-23 | 黑龙江中医药大学 | High-efficiency radix astragali polysaccharide extraction method |
| CN106977620A (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-07-25 | 河南中医药大学 | A kind of method of purification of astragalus polyose |
| CN107668460A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of selenium-enriched probioticses solid beverage and preparation method thereof |
| CN108048504A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of extracting method of Moringa polysaccharide |
| CN116115667A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-05-16 | 南京同仁堂药业有限责任公司 | Preparation process of astragalus membranaceus granules |
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| CN1510143A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-07 | 中国农业大学 | Extraction of milk vetch polysaccharide by enzyme treatment |
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| CN1510143A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-07 | 中国农业大学 | Extraction of milk vetch polysaccharide by enzyme treatment |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103288974A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 茅兴娟 | Method for extracting astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN103288975A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 茅兴娟 | Extracting method for refining astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN103316070A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-09-25 | 吴中区胥口精益生物医药研究所 | Radix astragali essence as well as preparation method and pharmaceutical application thereof |
| CN103382228A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-06 | 瑞普（天津）生物药业有限公司 | Preparation method for high-activity astragalus polysaccharide |
| CN103751253A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-04-30 | 四川莱邦药业有限公司 | Veterinary pharmaceutical composition for treating swine fever as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103751253B (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2015-12-30 | 四川积善之家药业有限公司 | A kind of veterinary medical composition for the treatment of swine fever and its production and use |
| CN105175573A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2015-12-23 | 黑龙江中医药大学 | High-efficiency radix astragali polysaccharide extraction method |
| CN106977620A (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-07-25 | 河南中医药大学 | A kind of method of purification of astragalus polyose |
| CN107668460A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of selenium-enriched probioticses solid beverage and preparation method thereof |
| CN108048504A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of extracting method of Moringa polysaccharide |
| CN116115667A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-05-16 | 南京同仁堂药业有限责任公司 | Preparation process of astragalus membranaceus granules |
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Application publication date: 20130123 |