CN102879269A - Multifunctional stretcher capable of being loaded in multiple axial directions - Google Patents
Multifunctional stretcher capable of being loaded in multiple axial directions Download PDFInfo
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- CN102879269A CN102879269A CN2012103656475A CN201210365647A CN102879269A CN 102879269 A CN102879269 A CN 102879269A CN 2012103656475 A CN2012103656475 A CN 2012103656475A CN 201210365647 A CN201210365647 A CN 201210365647A CN 102879269 A CN102879269 A CN 102879269A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional stretcher capable of being loaded in multiple axial directions. The multifunctional stretcher comprises a loading platform and a plurality of stretching mechanisms; each stretching mechanism comprises a connecting seat, a electric cylinder, a supporting seat, a sensor and a fixture, an arc key slot type guide rail is arranged on the loading platform, and the connecting seats are arranged on the arc key slot type guide rail and can rotate along the arc key slot type guide rail; and the stretching mechanisms are fixed to the loading platform, the supporting seats are connected with the connecting seats on stretching mechanism bodies, the electric cylinders are disposed on the supporting seats, each electric cylinder is connected with one end of the corresponding sensor, the other end of each sensor is connected with the corresponding fixture, each electric cylinder drives the corresponding fixture to stretch a test sample, the stretching force can be recorded by each sensor in real time, and constant-speed stretching or uniform stretching can be carried out according to actual requirements. The quantity of the stretching mechanisms and corresponding fixing positions of the stretching mechanisms can be adjusted, so that single-axis stretching or multi-axis stretching can be flexibly realized. The multifunctional stretcher overcomes shortcomings that the stretching axial direction of an existing stretcher cannot be flexibly adjusted, and various drivers of the existing stretcher cannot be controlled independently. Besides, the multifunctional stretcher has the advantages of easiness in maintenance and modification, convenience in assembly and disassembly, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stretcher, in particular to a multifunctional multi-axial stretcher capable of realizing loading in multiple modes.
Background
At present, a stretcher mainly comprises a clamp, a sensor and an electric driver, wherein the clamp clamps a sample to be tested, the driver stretches the clamp, and the force and displacement in the stretching process are measured through the sensor. However, most of such stretching machines are uniaxial stretching machines, which have high requirements on the shape of a stretched sample, and in practice, many materials, particularly soft materials (such as films, rubbers and the like) have irregular shapes, and the mechanical properties of such materials cannot be accurately measured by a unidirectional stretching test, so that a load-displacement curve needs to be measured by stretching in various ways (including a plurality of axial or equiaxial stretches, an equal-ratio stretch and the like).
Most of the existing stretching machines can only realize biaxial stretching, the loading mode is manual, the stretching speed and the stretching displacement range can not be adjusted, and the effect of a stretching test is greatly limited. Although the multi-axial stretcher reported in US7509882B2 can realize multi-axial stretching, the stretching mechanisms are all fixed on the loading platform, so that the stretching mechanisms cannot be freely disassembled and assembled, and the stretching displacement range cannot be adjusted, so that the requirement on the size of a sample is high, the range of the sample is limited, and the stretching mechanisms are fixed, so that the sample is inconvenient to install, and the working efficiency is influenced.
Due to the defects of the existing stretcher, the mechanical properties of the material cannot be measured by various loading modes, and the comprehensive and deep research on the material properties is hindered, so that the stretcher which can realize multi-axial stretching, adjustable stretching speed, simple structure and convenient use is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multifunctional multi-axial stretcher capable of realizing multi-mode loading, which can control stretching speeds in different axial directions and realize equiaxial stretching or equal ratio stretching. Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multi-functional multiaxis to loading stretcher comprises loading platform and a plurality of tension mechanism, tension mechanism include connecting seat, electronic jar, supporting seat, sensor and anchor clamps, the connecting seat can rotate, tension mechanism and loading platform can the free dismouting combination:
wherein,
the loading platform is provided with an arc key groove guide rail, the connecting seat is arranged on the arc key groove guide rail, and the bottom of the connecting seat is provided with a protruding key matched with the arc key groove guide rail, so that the connecting seat rotates along the arc key groove guide rail;
a plurality of mounting holes for the connecting seats to be selectively mounted are formed in the loading platform along the circumferential direction;
the connecting seat is connected with the supporting seat;
an electric cylinder is arranged on the supporting seat;
one end of the sensor is connected with the electric cylinder, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the clamp;
the electric cylinder drives the clamp to stretch the sample.
According to the stretcher, the arc key groove guide rail is arranged on the loading platform, the connecting seat is arranged on the arc key groove guide rail, the protruding key matched with the arc key groove guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat, so that the connecting seat can rotate along the arc key groove guide rail and can move on the loading platform at will, meanwhile, the protruding key can be fixed in the radial direction by the arc key groove, the connecting seat can only move along the arc key groove guide rail, the position of the stretching mechanism on the loading platform is determined by the connecting seat, and therefore each stretching mechanism can be placed at the corresponding position according to actual requirements.
Preferably, the width of the arc keyway guide rail is 6mm to 8mm, and the width of the protruding key is 5.5mm to 7.5 mm.
Preferably, a key groove is formed in the bottom of the supporting seat of the stretcher, a protruding key matched with the key groove is arranged on the connecting seat, and the supporting seat can move back and forth on the connecting seat. Through such setting, the tensile displacement range of stretcher is adjustable, and the control range of tensile displacement range is 0 ~ 200 mm. Can correspond the position on connecting seat and supporting seat and arrange a plurality of bolt holes, according to actual need, remove the supporting seat to suitable position on the connecting seat, it is fixed with the supporting seat with the bolt, the different hookup location of supporting seat and connecting seat corresponds different tensile displacement range. Different displacement ranges can be selected according to the size of the sample, so that the stretching machine can test samples with multiple sizes, and the test range of the sample is expanded.
The stretching machine of the present invention can realize uniaxial stretching or multiaxial stretching, which means stretching in a plurality of axial directions of at least two axes, including biaxial stretching, triaxial stretching, stretching in at least four axes, and the like. The stretcher is provided with a plurality of stretching mechanisms, and the number and the positions of the stretching mechanisms can be changed to realize single-axis stretching or multi-axis stretching.
The stretching mechanisms are key parts for stretching test, and each stretching mechanism comprises a connecting seat, an electric cylinder, a supporting seat, a sensor and a clamp; the stretching mechanism and the loading platform of the stretcher can be freely assembled and disassembled, and the components of each stretching mechanism can also be freely assembled and disassembled. For example, when uniaxial stretching is to be performed, two stretching mechanisms are arranged on the loading platform and fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, so that the uniaxial stretching can be realized; when biaxial stretching is required, four stretching mechanisms are arranged on the loading platform and are fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, so that the biaxial stretching can be realized; when the three-axis stretching is required, three stretching mechanisms are configured on the loading platform and are fixed and adjusted to corresponding positions, and then the three-axis stretching can be realized; when more than four-axis stretching is required, according to actual needs, more than four stretching mechanisms are arranged on the loading platform, fixed and adjusted to corresponding positions, and when the four stretching mechanisms rotate to a certain angle (not perpendicular to each other), the more than four-axis stretching can be realized.
The loading platform of the stretcher is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for the connecting seats to be selectively mounted along the circumferential direction, the connecting seats are fixed on the loading platform, and the position of the stretching mechanism is determined by the connecting seats. When carrying out uniaxial tension or multiaxis according to actual need, pass through bolted connection with the connecting seat of the straining device of corresponding quantity and fix on the loading platform, adjust straining device to suitable position, can realize uniaxial tension or multiaxis and stretch.
One end of a sensor of the drawing machine is connected with the electric cylinder, the other end of the sensor is connected with the clamp, and when the electric cylinder drives the sensor to move together, the sensor can measure the drawing force on the clamp, namely the drawing force exerted on the sample in the sample drawing process.
The stretching speed of the multifunctional multi-axial stretching machine is adjustable. Because the electric cylinder is connected with the motor, the speed can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, and the electric cylinder and the motor on each stretching mechanism are independent and do not influence each other. Adopt electronic jar drive tensile can realize high accuracy control to drawing speed, and the user can set for certain drawing speed according to actual need, and electronic jar can carry out the accuracy with this speed and stretch.
Preferably, the drawing speed of the drawing machine of the present invention is in the range of 1mm/min to 200 mm/min.
Preferably, the stretching machine of the present invention can achieve equiaxed stretching or equal ratio stretching; the equiaxed stretching means that the stretching speed in each axial direction is equal, and the equal ratio stretching means that the stretching speed in each axial direction is proportional. Because the speed of each stretching mechanism is adjustable, equiaxial stretching or equal-ratio stretching can be realized by adjusting the speed of the electric cylinder driving stretching of each stretching mechanism.
The loading platform, the connecting seat and the supporting seat can be made of common metal materials, and are preferably made of stainless steel materials.
The connecting seat of the stretcher is connected with the supporting seat, the supporting seat is provided with an electric cylinder, the electric cylinder is connected with a force/displacement sensor through a corresponding connecting piece, and the other end of the force sensor is connected with a clamp. In the sample loading process, the electric cylinder drives the clamp to stretch the sample, the speed of the electric cylinder is adjustable, a sensor between the electric cylinder and the clamp can measure the force and displacement in the stretching process, and the measured data is transmitted to a microcomputer for processing. When needs alternate test mode, for example, become biaxial stretching from the unipolar stretching, the angle that can adjust between the connecting seat realizes, and the connecting seat can rotate every 10 degrees along circumference on the loading platform, but the supporting seat back-and-forth movement on the connecting seat simultaneously realizes adjusting the purpose of the biggest tensile displacement. The stretcher provided by the invention can control the stretching speeds in different axial directions, can realize stretching in various modes, and can measure load displacement curves of a sample in different stretching directions and at different stretching speeds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the stretcher has the advantages of simple structure, free disassembly and assembly, adjustable stretching speed and stretching displacement range and wide application range;
2) the stretcher can test the mechanical properties of the sample in different loading modes (including a plurality of axial or equiaxial stretching modes, equal-ratio stretching modes and the like), and is favorable for more comprehensively and deeply exploring the properties of the sample;
3) the invention overcomes the defects that the direction of a stretching shaft can not be flexibly adjusted and each driver can not be independently controlled in the existing stretching machine, and has the advantages of easy maintenance, convenient assembly and disassembly, easy modification and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stretcher of the present invention for achieving uniaxial stretching;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the biaxial stretching performed by the stretcher of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the stretching machine of the present invention for realizing three-axis stretching.
Shown in the figure: 1. the device comprises a loading platform, 2 connecting seats, 3 electric cylinders, 4 supporting seats, 5 sensors, 6 clamps, 7 mounting holes in the loading platform, 8 mounting holes in the connecting seats and 9 arc keyway guide rails.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a multifunctional multi-axial stretcher capable of realizing multi-mode loading, which can control stretching speeds in different axial directions and realize equiaxial stretching or equal-ratio stretching. The stretcher comprises a loading platform 1 and a plurality of stretching mechanisms, wherein each stretching mechanism comprises a connecting seat 2, an electric cylinder 3, a supporting seat 4, a sensor 5 and a clamp 6, the connecting seat 2 can rotate, and the stretching mechanisms and the loading platform 1 can be freely assembled and disassembled:
wherein,
the loading platform 1 is provided with an arc key groove guide rail 9, the connecting seat is arranged on the arc key groove guide rail 9, and the bottom of the connecting seat 2 is provided with a protruding key matched with the arc key groove guide rail 9, so that the connecting seat 2 rotates along the arc key groove guide rail 9;
a plurality of mounting holes 7 for the connecting seats to be selectively mounted are formed in the loading platform 1 along the circumferential direction;
the connecting seat 2 is connected with the supporting seat 4;
the supporting seat 4 is provided with an electric cylinder 3;
one end of the sensor 5 is connected with the electric cylinder 3, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the clamp 6;
the electric cylinder 3 drives the clamp 6 to stretch the sample.
According to the stretcher, the loading platform 1 is provided with the arc key groove guide rail 9, the connecting seat 2 is arranged on the arc key groove guide rail 9, the bottom of the connecting seat 2 is provided with the protruding key matched with the arc key groove guide rail 9, so that the connecting seat 2 can rotate along the arc key groove guide rail 9 and can move on the loading platform 1 at will, meanwhile, the arc key groove 9 can fix the protruding key in the radial direction, the connecting seat 2 can only move along the arc key groove guide rail 9, the position of the stretching mechanism on the loading platform 1 is determined by the connecting seat, and therefore each stretching mechanism can be placed to the corresponding position according to actual requirements.
Preferably, the width of the arc keyway guide rail is 6mm to 8mm, and the width of the protruding key is 5.5mm to 7.5 mm.
Preferably, a key groove is formed in the bottom of the supporting seat 4 of the stretcher, a protruding key matched with the key groove is arranged on the connecting seat 2, and the supporting seat 4 can move back and forth on the connecting seat 2. The stretching displacement range of the stretcher is adjustable, and the adjusting range of the stretching displacement range is 0-200 mm. Can correspond the position on connecting seat 2 and supporting seat 4 and arrange a plurality of bolt holes, according to actual need, move supporting seat 4 to suitable position on connecting seat 2, fix supporting seat 4 with the bolt, the different hookup location of supporting seat 4 and connecting seat 2 corresponds different tensile displacement range. Different displacement measuring ranges can be selected according to the size of the sample.
The stretcher is provided with a plurality of stretching mechanisms, and the number and the positions of the stretching mechanisms can be changed to realize single-axis stretching or multi-axis stretching. For example, when uniaxial stretching is to be performed, two stretching mechanisms are arranged on the loading platform 1 and fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, so that the uniaxial stretching can be realized; when biaxial stretching is required, four stretching mechanisms are arranged on the loading platform 1 and are fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, so that the biaxial stretching can be realized; when the three-axis stretching is required, three stretching mechanisms are configured on the loading platform 1 and are fixed and adjusted to corresponding positions, so that the three-axis stretching can be realized; when stretching is to be performed for more than four axes, if more than four stretching mechanisms are arranged on the loading platform 1 according to actual needs, and the stretching mechanisms are fixed and adjusted to corresponding positions and are asymmetrically arranged, then the multi-axis stretching for more than four axes can be realized.
A plurality of mounting holes 7 for selectively mounting the connecting seats are formed in the circumferential direction on the loading platform 1 of the stretcher, the connecting seats 2 are fixed on the loading platform 1, and the position of the stretching mechanism is determined by the connecting seats 2. When carrying out uniaxial tension or multiaxis according to actual need, fix the connecting seat 2 of the straining device of corresponding quantity on loading platform 1 through bolted connection, adjust straining device to suitable position, can realize uniaxial tension or multiaxis and stretch.
One end of a sensor 5 of the drawing machine is connected with an electric cylinder 3, the other end of the sensor is connected with a clamp 6, and when the electric cylinder 3 drives the sensor 5 to move together, the sensor can measure the drawing force on the clamp 6, namely the drawing force borne by a sample in the sample drawing process.
The stretching speed of the multifunctional multi-axial stretching machine is adjustable. Because the electric cylinder is connected with the motor, the speed can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, and the electric cylinder and the motor on each stretching mechanism are independent and do not influence each other. Adopt electronic jar drive tensile can realize high accuracy control to drawing speed, and the user can set for certain drawing speed according to actual need, and electronic jar can carry out the accuracy with this speed and stretch.
Preferably, the drawing speed of the drawing machine of the present invention is in the range of 1mm/min to 200 mm/min.
Preferably, the stretching machine of the present invention can achieve equiaxed stretching or equal ratio stretching; the equiaxed stretching means that the stretching speed in each axial direction is equal, and the equal ratio stretching means that the stretching speed in each axial direction is proportional. Because the speed of each stretching mechanism is adjustable, equiaxial stretching or equal-ratio stretching can be realized by adjusting the speed of the electric cylinder driving stretching of each stretching mechanism.
The loading platform 1, the connecting seat 2 and the supporting seat 4 can be made of common metal materials, and are preferably made of stainless steel materials.
The connecting seat of the stretcher is connected with the supporting seat, the supporting seat is provided with an electric cylinder, the electric cylinder is connected with a force/displacement sensor through a corresponding connecting piece, and the other end of the force sensor is connected with a clamp. In the sample loading process, the electric cylinder drives the clamp to stretch the sample, the speed of the electric cylinder is adjustable, a sensor between the electric cylinder and the clamp can measure the force and displacement in the stretching process, and the measured data is transmitted to a microcomputer for processing. When needs alternate test mode, for example, become biaxial stretching from the unipolar stretching, the angle that can adjust between the connecting seat realizes, and the connecting seat can rotate every 10 degrees along circumference on the loading platform, but the supporting seat back-and-forth movement on the connecting seat simultaneously realizes adjusting the purpose of the biggest tensile displacement. The stretcher provided by the invention can control the stretching speeds in different axial directions, can realize stretching in various modes, and can measure load displacement curves of a sample in different stretching directions and at different stretching speeds.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, when uniaxial tension is required to be realized, two tension mechanisms are configured on a loading platform 1 and fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, each tension mechanism comprises a connecting seat 2, an electric cylinder 3, a supporting seat 4, a sensor 5 and a clamp 6, two ends of a sample (such as a film) are respectively clamped on the clamps 6 of the two tension mechanisms, the rotating speed of a motor is set according to actual requirements, the clamped sample is stretched along with the movement of the electric cylinder, the sensor 5 connected with the clamps records the tensile force applied to the sample in the stretching process in real time, so that a load displacement curve of uniaxial tension is obtained, and meanwhile, the supporting seat 4 can move back and forth on the connecting seat 2 to adjust the tension displacement range.
As shown in fig. 2, when biaxial stretching is required to be realized, four stretching mechanisms are configured on the loading platform 1 and fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, each stretching mechanism comprises a connecting seat 2, an electric cylinder 3, a supporting seat 4, a sensor 5 and a clamp 6, the connecting seats 2 are rotated along the arc keyway guide rail of the loading platform 1, the four stretching mechanisms are fixed with the loading platform 1 at a certain angle when being rotated to be perpendicular to each other, a sample is clamped on the clamps 6 of the four stretching mechanisms, the rotating speed of the motor is set according to actual needs, the clamped sample is stretched along with the movement of the electric cylinder, the sensor 5 connected with the clamps records the tensile force applied to the sample in the stretching process in real time, and thus a biaxial stretching load displacement curve is obtained. Because the stretching speed of each stretching mechanism is adjustable, the stretching speed can be adjusted according to actual needs to realize equiaxed stretching or equal-ratio stretching. The supporting seat 4 can move back and forth on the connecting seat 2 to adjust the stretching displacement range.
As shown in fig. 3, when the triaxial stretching is required to be realized, three stretching mechanisms are configured on the loading platform 1 and fixed and adjusted to symmetrical positions, each stretching mechanism comprises a connecting seat 2, an electric cylinder 3, a supporting seat 4, a sensor 5 and a clamp 6, the connecting seat 2 rotates along an arc keyway guide rail of the loading platform 1, the three stretching mechanisms are fixed with the loading platform 1 when rotating to a certain angle, so as to realize the triaxial stretching, a sample is clamped on the clamp 6 of the stretching mechanism, the rotating speed of the motor is set according to actual needs, the clamped sample is stretched along with the movement of the electric cylinder, the sensor 5 connected with the clamp records the tensile force applied to the sample in the stretching process in real time, and thus a load displacement curve of the triaxial stretching is obtained. Meanwhile, the supporting seat 4 can move back and forth on the connecting seat 2 to adjust the stretching displacement range.
When four-axis stretching is realized to needs, need dispose four straining device on loading platform 1, every straining device includes connecting seat 2, electronic jar 3, supporting seat 4, sensor 5 and anchor clamps 6 are respectively one, rotate connecting seat 2 along loading platform 1 circular arc keyway guide rail, it is fixed with loading platform 1 when four straining device turn into certain angle (not mutually perpendicular), in order to realize four-axis stretching, with the sample clamping to straining device's anchor clamps 6 on, set for motor speed according to actual need, the sample of being held is stretched along with the removal of electronic jar, the tensile force that receives of sample among the stretching process is recorded in real time to sensor 5 that links to each other with anchor clamps, thereby obtain the tensile load displacement curve of four-axis.
The above examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional multiaxis to loading stretcher comprises loading platform (1) and a plurality of tension mechanism, its characterized in that tension mechanism include connecting seat (2), electronic jar (3), supporting seat (4), sensor (5) and anchor clamps (6), connecting seat (2) can rotate, tension mechanism and loading platform (1) can free dismouting combination:
wherein,
the loading platform (1) is provided with an arc key groove guide rail (9), the connecting seat (2) is arranged on the arc key groove guide rail (9), and the bottom of the connecting seat (2) is provided with a protruding key matched with the arc key groove guide rail (9), so that the connecting seat (2) rotates along the arc key groove guide rail (9);
a plurality of mounting holes (7) for the connecting seats to be selectively mounted are formed in the loading platform along the circumferential direction;
the connecting seat (2) is connected with the supporting seat (4);
the supporting seat (4) is provided with an electric cylinder (3);
one end of the sensor (5) is connected with the electric cylinder (3), and the other end of the sensor is connected with the clamp (6);
the electric cylinder (3) drives the clamp (6) to stretch the sample.
2. The multifunctional multi-axial loading stretcher according to claim 1, wherein a key groove is formed at the bottom of the supporting seat (4) of the stretcher, and a protruding key matched with the key groove is formed on the connecting seat (2), so that the stretching displacement range is adjustable.
3. The multifunctional multi-axial loading stretcher according to claim 2, wherein the range of the stretching displacement range is 0-200 mm.
4. Multifunctional multiaxial loading stretcher according to claim 1 or 2 where the stretching of the stretcher is a uniaxial or multiaxial stretching.
5. Multifunctional multiaxial loading stretcher according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the stretching of the stretcher is equiaxial or isometric.
6. Multifunctional multiaxial loading stretcher according to claim 1 or 2 where the stretching speed of the stretcher is adjustable.
7. The multifunctional multiaxial loading stretcher according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the stretching speed of the stretcher ranges from 1mm/min to 200 mm/min.
8. The multi-functional multi-axial loading stretcher according to claim 1, wherein the width of the circular arc keyway guide rail is 6mm to 8 mm.
9. The multifunctional multiaxial loading stretcher of claim 1 wherein the width of the protruding keys is 5.5mm to 7.5 mm.
10. The multifunctional multi-axial loading stretcher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the loading platform (1), the connecting seat (2) and the supporting seat (4) are made of stainless steel materials.
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