CN111551436B - Polymer fiber material tensile test device - Google Patents
Polymer fiber material tensile test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111551436B CN111551436B CN202010495144.4A CN202010495144A CN111551436B CN 111551436 B CN111551436 B CN 111551436B CN 202010495144 A CN202010495144 A CN 202010495144A CN 111551436 B CN111551436 B CN 111551436B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tensile tests, in particular to a high polymer fiber material tensile test device which comprises end fixing mechanisms, a tension sensor, a displacement frame, a horizontal stretching mechanism, a jacking stretching mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein two end fixing mechanisms are arranged, the outer ends of the two end fixing mechanisms are respectively and fixedly connected to one tension sensor, and the outer ends of the two tension sensors are respectively and fixedly connected to one displacement frame; the two displacement frames are relatively matched with the upper end of the frame in a sliding way; two sides of the upper end of the horizontal stretching mechanism are in transmission connection with two displacement frames. The invention can be switched to a static tensile test device for carrying out tensile test on the fiber material through a horizontal tensile mechanism or to a dynamic tensile test device for carrying out tensile test on the fiber material through a top pressure tensile mechanism, thereby being convenient for measuring the tensile mechanical properties of the fiber material under different tensile states.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tensile tests, in particular to a high polymer fiber material tensile test device.
Background
In recent years, with the need of dynamic stretching performance of various materials and the development of dynamic stretching technology, many universities and scientific research units in China develop dynamic stretching test researches on various materials, wherein high-strength fibers are taken as important components of high-strength composite materials, and the dynamic mechanical properties of the high-strength fibers gradually draw attention with the actual needs. In the prior art, tensile testing machines are generally used for testing tensile mechanical properties of fiber materials, such as important mechanical property indexes of elasticity, strength, ductility, strain hardening, toughness and the like of the fiber materials, but most of the tensile testing machines in the prior art are single static tensile testing devices or single dynamic tensile testing devices, and single static tensile results or single dynamic tensile results are not accurate enough for mechanical testing of the fiber materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high polymer fiber material tensile test device which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a high polymer fiber material tensile test device, which comprises end fixing mechanisms, a tension sensor, a displacement frame, a horizontal stretching mechanism, a top pressure stretching mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein two end fixing mechanisms are arranged, the outer ends of the two end fixing mechanisms are respectively and fixedly connected to one tension sensor, and the outer ends of the two tension sensors are respectively and fixedly connected to one displacement frame; the two displacement frames are relatively matched with the upper end of the frame in a sliding way; two sides of the upper end of the horizontal stretching mechanism are in transmission connection with two displacement frames, and the lower end of the horizontal stretching mechanism is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame; the upper end of the jacking and stretching mechanism is positioned in the middle of the upper ends of the two displacement frames, and the lower end of the jacking and stretching mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame; the driving mechanism is connected to the lower end of the frame; the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the horizontal stretching mechanism or the top pressure stretching mechanism.
Optionally, the end fixing mechanism comprises a winding shaft, a bearing shaft bracket, a sliding plate, a transverse plate, an adjusting screw, an arc-shaped pressing plate and a tensioning pressure spring; the outer end of the bearing bracket is fixedly connected to the tension sensor; the middle of the inner end of the bearing shaft frame is fixedly connected with the winding shaft; the upper end and the lower end of the bearing bracket are respectively connected with a sliding plate in a sliding fit manner; the inner end and the outer end of the two sliding plates are respectively fixedly connected with the arc-shaped pressing plate and the transverse plate; the outer end of the adjusting screw rod is rotatably connected to the transverse plate; the inner end of the adjusting screw is connected to the bearing bracket through threads; a tensioning pressure spring is sleeved on the adjusting screw rod between the transverse plate and the bearing shaft frame; the intrados of the two arc-shaped pressing plates are arranged oppositely.
Optionally, the end fixing mechanism further comprises a winding assembly; the winding assembly comprises a hand rocker, a rotating plate, a worm, a rod seat and a worm wheel; the hand crank is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating plate; the other end of the rotating plate is fixedly connected with one end of the worm; the worm is rotationally connected to two rod seats, and the two rod seats are relatively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the bearing shaft frame; the worm is engaged with the worm wheel in a transmission way; the worm wheel is fixedly connected to the winding shaft.
Optionally, two transverse guide shafts are arranged at the upper end of the frame; the two displacement frames are relatively matched with the two transverse guide shafts in a sliding manner.
Optionally, the displacement frame comprises a vertical frame plate, a horizontal sliding seat, an adjusting rotating wheel, a screw rod, a transverse shaft and a transverse rail; the outer end of the tension sensor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the vertical plate; the lower end of the vertical frame plate is fixedly connected with the transverse bar through two transverse shafts; the two transverse shafts are in sliding fit on the horizontal sliding seat; the horizontal sliding seat is in sliding fit with the two transverse guide shafts; the two ends of the screw rod are respectively and rotatably connected to the vertical frame plate and the transverse bar; the middle part of the screw rod is matched with the horizontal sliding seat through threads; the outer end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting rotating wheel; the horizontal stretching mechanism is in transmission connection with the two horizontal sliding seats.
Optionally, the high polymer fiber material tensile test device further comprises a fixed length limiting mechanism; the fixed-length limiting mechanism comprises a bidirectional screw rod, a limiting sliding block and a screwing head; the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are respectively in running fit with the two ends of the frame; the outer end of the bidirectional screw rod is fixedly connected with the screwing head; two limit sliding blocks which are in relative sliding fit on the frame are connected to the bidirectional screw rod through screw threads in a matching manner; the two limit sliding blocks are positioned on the inner sides of the horizontal sliding seats of the two displacement frames.
Optionally, the horizontal stretching mechanism comprises a diagonal rod, a lifting sliding seat, a vertical shaft, a reset tension spring, a linkage plate, a first clamping roller and a first wheel frame; the two ends of the lifting sliding seat are respectively and rotatably connected with the lower end of one inclined rod, and the upper ends of the two inclined rods are respectively and rotatably connected with a horizontal sliding seat; the lifting sliding seat is in sliding fit with the vertical shaft; the vertical shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame; the lifting sliding seat is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame through a plurality of reset tension springs; the inner end of the lifting sliding seat is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first wheel frame through a linkage plate; the inner side of the first wheel frame is fixedly connected with a plurality of first clamping rollers which are uniformly arranged up and down; the plurality of first clamping rollers are matched with the driving mechanism in a clamping way.
Optionally, the jacking and stretching mechanism comprises a second wheel frame, a second clamping roller, a lifting slide plate, a rectangular vertical rod, a reset pressure spring, a limit baffle, a linkage frame and a jacking rod; the inner side of the second wheel frame is fixedly connected with a plurality of second clamping rollers which are uniformly arranged up and down; the plurality of second clamping rollers are matched with the driving mechanism in a clamping way; the lower end of the second wheel frame is fixedly connected with the inner end of the lifting slide plate; the middle part of the lifting slide plate is in sliding fit with the rectangular vertical rod; the upper end of the rectangular vertical rod is fixedly connected with the limit baffle; the lifting slide plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame through a reset pressure spring, and the reset pressure spring is sleeved on the rectangular vertical rod; the outer end of the lifting slide plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the linkage frame; the upper end of the linkage frame is fixedly connected with the top compression rod; the top pressing rod is positioned in the middle of the upper end of the frame.
Optionally, the top compression bar comprises a transverse frame, a cylindrical compression bar, a column, an external threaded rod and a turntable; the upper end of the linkage frame is connected with the outer end of the transverse frame; the inner end of the transverse frame is connected with the middle of the upright post in a sliding fit manner; the lower end of the upright post is fixed on the cylindrical compression bar; the upper end fixed connection carousel of external screw rod, the centre of external screw rod passes through screw-thread fit on the crossbearer, the lower extreme rotation of external screw rod is connected on the cylinder depression bar.
Optionally, the driving mechanism comprises a servo motor with a speed reducer, a motor support, a screw rod, a bearing seat, an adjusting disk, an annular swivel base, a driving roller, an inserting block and a positioning bolt; the servo motor is fixedly connected to the motor support; the motor support is in sliding fit with the lower end of the frame; the middle of the screw rod is matched with the motor support through threads; the two ends of the screw rod are rotatably connected to the two bearing seats; the outer end of the screw rod is connected with an adjusting disc; an output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with an annular rotary seat; a plurality of inserting grooves are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the outer side surface of the annular rotary seat; the inner sides of the plurality of inserting grooves are respectively inserted and connected with an inserting block; the outer ends of the plurality of plug-in blocks are respectively fixedly connected with a driving roller; the driving rollers are in clamping fit with the first clamping rollers or the second clamping rollers; the side of annular swivel mount is evenly encircled and is set up a plurality of internal thread grooves, and the inboard of a plurality of internal thread grooves is respectively through a threaded cooperation positioning bolt, and the inboard of a plurality of positioning bolts is pegged graft in the spliced eye of a plurality of grafting pieces.
Compared with the prior art, the high polymer fiber material tensile test device can be switched to a static tensile test device for carrying out tensile test on fiber materials through a horizontal tensile mechanism or to a dynamic tensile test device for carrying out tensile test on fiber materials through a top pressure tensile mechanism by changing the position of the driving mechanism, so that the tensile mechanical properties of the fiber materials in different tensile states can be conveniently measured.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the related art will be briefly described, and it is apparent that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second overall schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an end fixing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a winding assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a displacement frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram I of a horizontal stretching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second schematic diagram of a horizontal stretching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram I of a top-pressure stretching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram two of a top-pressure stretching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a pressing rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an annular swivel mount according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of a fixed length limiting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: an end fixing mechanism 1; a winding shaft 101; a bearing bracket 102; a slide plate 103; a cross plate 104; an adjusting screw 105; an arc-shaped pressing plate 106; tensioning the compression spring 107; a winding assembly 108; hand lever 108A; rotating plate 108B; a worm 108C; a stem block 108D; a worm wheel 108E; a tension sensor 2; a displacement frame 3; a stand plate 301; a horizontal slider 302; an adjustment wheel 303; a lead screw 304; a horizontal axis 305; a rail 306; a frame 4; a horizontal stretching mechanism 5; a diagonal bar 501; a lifting slide 502; a vertical axis 503; a reset tension spring 504; a linkage plate 505; a first clamping roller 506; a first wheel frame 507; a top-pressure stretching mechanism 6; a second wheel frame 601; a second clamping roller 602; a lifting slide plate 603; rectangular vertical bars 604; resetting the compression spring 605; limit baffles 606; a linkage frame 607; a pressing lever 608; a cross frame 608A; a cylindrical plunger 608B; column 608C; male screw rod 608D; carousel 608E; a driving mechanism 7; a servo motor 701; a motor mount 702; a screw 703; a socket 704; a dial 705; an annular swivel 706; a driving roller 707; a plug block 708; a positioning bolt 709; a fixed length limiting mechanism 8; a bidirectional screw 801; a limit slider 802; the head 803 is screwed.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of a plurality of "a number" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the present disclosure, and are therefore not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, but are not to be limited to the specific details disclosed herein. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application to which they may be applied, but rather to modify or adapt the relative relationship without materially altering the technical context.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-14.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-14, the high polymer fiber material tensile test device comprises an end fixing mechanism 1, a tension sensor 2, a displacement frame 3, a frame 4, a horizontal stretching mechanism 5, a jacking stretching mechanism 6 and a driving mechanism 7, wherein two end fixing mechanisms 1 are arranged, the outer ends of the two end fixing mechanisms 1 are respectively and fixedly connected to one tension sensor 2, and the outer ends of the two tension sensors 2 are respectively and fixedly connected to one displacement frame 3; the two displacement frames 3 are relatively matched with the upper end of the frame 4 in a sliding way; two sides of the upper end of the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 are in transmission connection with two displacement frames 3, and the lower end of the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame 4; the upper end of the jacking and stretching mechanism 6 is positioned in the middle of the upper ends of the two displacement frames 3, and the lower end of the jacking and stretching mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame 4; the driving mechanism 7 is connected to the lower end of the frame 4; the driving mechanism 7 is in transmission connection with the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 or the top pressure stretching mechanism 6.
When the tension test is carried out, two ends of a fiber material are respectively fixed through two end fixing mechanisms 1, then a test mode is selected, when a control driving mechanism 7 is in contact with a horizontal stretching mechanism 5, the test mode is switched to a static tension test device for carrying out tension test on the fiber material through the horizontal stretching mechanism, the driving mechanism 7 drives the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 to push two displacement frames 3 to slide outwards on a frame 4 to carry out static tension test on the fiber material fixed between the two end fixing mechanisms 1 until the fiber material is stretched to fracture, and a tension value of the fiber material is obtained through tension sensors 2 on two sides to carry out static mechanical property test on the polymer fiber material; the driving mechanism 7 is controlled to be separated from the horizontal stretching mechanism 5, when the driving mechanism 7 is in contact with the jacking stretching mechanism 6, the driving mechanism 7 drives the upper end of the jacking stretching mechanism 6 to downwards impact the high polymer fiber material until the fiber material is stretched until the fiber material breaks, the tension value of the fiber material is obtained through the tension sensors 2 on two sides, the dynamic mechanical property test is carried out on the high polymer fiber material, the stretching mechanical properties of the fiber material under different stretching states are measured conveniently, and the comparison analysis is convenient.
The end fixing mechanism 1 comprises a winding shaft 101, a bearing shaft frame 102, a sliding plate 103, a transverse plate 104, an adjusting screw 105, an arc-shaped pressing plate 106 and a tensioning pressure spring 107; the outer end of the bearing bracket 102 is fixedly connected to the tension sensor 2; the middle of the inner end of the bearing shaft frame 102 is fixedly connected with the winding shaft 101; the upper end and the lower end of the bearing bracket 102 are respectively connected with a sliding plate 103 in a sliding fit manner; the inner end and the outer end of the two sliding plates 103 are respectively and fixedly connected with the arc-shaped pressing plate 106 and the transverse plate 104; the outer end of the adjusting screw 105 is rotatably connected to the transverse plate 104; the inner end of the adjusting screw 105 is connected to the bearing bracket 102 through threads; a tensioning pressure spring 107 is sleeved on the adjusting screw 105 between the transverse plate 104 and the bearing shaft frame 102; the intrados of the two curved pressing plates 106 are disposed opposite to each other. The end fixing mechanism 1 is structurally arranged, so that high polymer fiber materials with different lengths can be wound, and the high polymer fiber materials are pressed and fixed on the winding shaft 101 through the arc-shaped pressing plates 106 at the two sides, so that the high polymer fiber materials are kept fixed; rounded corners are arranged on the end faces of the arc-shaped pressing plates 106 to prevent the polymer fiber materials from being scraped; when the polymer fiber material is installed, one end of the polymer fiber material is firstly tied on the winding shaft 101, then the winding shaft 101 is rotated to wind, the length of the polymer fiber to be tested is regulated to be the length of the polymer fiber to be tested, then the regulating screw 105 is rotated, the contact position between the regulating screw 105 and the bearing shaft frame 102 is changed, the sliding plate 103 is driven to slide on the bearing shaft frame 102 through the transverse plate 104, and the arc-shaped pressing plate 106 is driven to press and fix the polymer fiber material on the winding shaft 101 through the sliding plate 103, so that the upper side and the lower side of the polymer fiber material are fixed.
The end fixing mechanism 1 further comprises a winding assembly 108; the winding assembly 108 includes a hand crank 108A, a rotating plate 108B, a worm 108C, a rod mount 108D, and a worm gear 108E; the hand crank 108A is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary plate 108B; the other end of the rotary plate 108B is fixedly connected to one end of the worm 108C; the worm 108C is rotatably connected to two rod seats 108D, and the two rod seats 108D are relatively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the bearing bracket 102; the worm 108C is in meshed transmission connection with a worm wheel 108E; the worm wheel 108E is fixedly connected to the winding shaft 101. The winding component 108 is used for driving the winding shaft 101 to rotate so as to wind the polymer fiber material; shaking hand lever 108A, hand lever 108A drives worm 108C through rotor plate 108B and rotates, and worm 108C rotates and drives worm wheel 108E and rotate, and worm wheel 108E rotates and drives winding shaft 101 and rotate to twine polymer fiber material through winding shaft 101, and worm 108C and worm wheel 108E's self-locking nature, make it play the spacing effect of stability to winding shaft 101, prevent polymer fiber material at tensile test's in-process, polymer fiber material drives winding shaft 101 and rotates, improve arc clamp plate 106 and compress tightly the stability of fixing on winding shaft 101 to polymer fiber material.
The upper end of the frame 4 is provided with two transverse guide shafts; the two displacement frames 3 are in relative sliding fit on the two transverse guide shafts.
The displacement frame 3 comprises a vertical frame plate 301, a horizontal sliding seat 302, an adjusting rotating wheel 303, a screw rod 304, a transverse shaft 305 and a transverse rail 306; the outer end of the tension sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the stand plate 301; the lower end of the stand plate 301 is fixedly connected with the transverse bar 306 through two transverse shafts 305; two cross shafts 305 are slidably fitted on the horizontal slide base 302; the horizontal sliding seat 302 is in sliding fit on two transverse guide shafts; both ends of the screw rod 304 are respectively and rotatably connected to the stand plate 301 and the crosspiece 306; the middle part of the screw rod 304 is matched with the horizontal sliding seat 302 through threads; the outer end of the screw rod 304 is fixedly connected with the adjusting rotating wheel 303; the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 is in transmission connection with two horizontal sliding seats 302. The horizontal stretching mechanism 5 drives two horizontal sliding seats 302 to slide on two horizontal guide shafts; the position of the vertical plate 301 inside the displacement frame 3 can be adjusted, so that the displacement frame is convenient to use when the distance between two displacement frames 3 does not meet the tensile test of the high polymer fiber material, and can be used for carrying out the tensile test on the long high polymer fiber material; the rotation adjusting wheel 303 drives the screw rod 304 to rotate, and the screw rod 304 rotates to drive the distance between the stand plate 301 and the horizontal sliding seat 302 to adjust, so that the position of the stand plate 301 is changed.
The high polymer fiber material tensile test device also comprises a fixed-length limiting mechanism 8; the fixed-length limiting mechanism 8 comprises a bidirectional screw 801, a limiting slide block 802 and a screwing head 803; the two ends of the bidirectional screw 801 are respectively matched with the two ends of the stand 4 in a rotating way; the outer end of the bidirectional screw 801 is fixedly connected with the screwing head 803; two limit sliding blocks 802 which are in relative sliding fit on the rack 4 are connected to the bidirectional screw 801 through threaded fit; two limit sliders 802 are located inside the horizontal slide 302 of the two displacement frames 3. The fixed-length limiting mechanism 8 is used for limiting the distance between the two horizontal sliding seats 302 and preventing the macromolecular fiber materials arranged between the two end fixing mechanisms 1 from loosening; the turning screwing head 803 can drive the bidirectional screw 801 to rotate, the bidirectional screw 801 can drive the two limit sliding blocks 802 to slide relatively or deviate from sliding on the stand 4, the distance between the two limit sliding blocks 802 is adjusted, and the two limit sliding blocks 802 are blocked at the inner sides of the horizontal sliding seats 302 of the two displacement frames 3.
The horizontal stretching mechanism 5 comprises a diagonal rod 501, a lifting sliding seat 502, a vertical shaft 503, a reset tension spring 504, a linkage plate 505, a first clamping roller 506 and a first wheel frame 507; the two ends of the lifting sliding seat 502 are respectively and rotatably connected with the lower end of one inclined rod 501, and the upper ends of the two inclined rods 501 are respectively and rotatably connected with the horizontal sliding seat 302; the lifting slide base 502 is in sliding fit on the vertical shaft 503; the vertical shaft 503 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame 4; the lifting sliding seat 502 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame 4 through a plurality of reset tension springs 504; the inner end of the lifting sliding seat 502 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first wheel frame 507 through a linkage plate 505; the inner side of the first wheel frame 507 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first clamping rollers 506 which are uniformly arranged up and down; the plurality of first clamping rollers 506 are in clamping fit with the driving mechanism 7. The first wheel frames 507 are provided with a plurality of first clamping rollers 506 on the inner sides and are matched with the driving mechanism 7 in a clamping manner, the driving mechanism 7 drives the first clamping rollers 506 to move upwards, the first wheel frames 507 are driven by the first clamping rollers 506 to move upwards, the first wheel frames 507 drive the lifting sliding seat 502 to slide upwards on the vertical shafts 503 through the linkage plates 505 and stretch through the reset tension springs 504, the reset tension springs 504 play a role of tensioning and limiting, the lifting sliding seat 502 pushes the two horizontal sliding seats 302 to slide outwards on the two horizontal guiding shafts through the two diagonal rods 501, so that the two end fixing mechanisms 1 are driven to move outwards, and the two end fixing mechanisms 1 perform static tensile tests on high polymer fiber materials to test the elasticity performance of the high polymer fiber materials.
The jacking and stretching mechanism 6 comprises a second wheel frame 601, a second clamping roller 602, a lifting slide plate 603, a rectangular vertical rod 604, a reset pressure spring 605, a limit baffle 606, a linkage frame 607 and a jacking rod 608; the inner side of the second wheel frame 601 is fixedly connected with a plurality of second clamping rollers 602 which are uniformly arranged up and down; a plurality of second clamping rollers 602 are matched with the driving mechanism 7 in a clamping way; the lower end of the second wheel frame 601 is fixedly connected with the inner end of the lifting slide plate 603; the middle part of the lifting slide plate 603 is in sliding fit with the rectangular vertical rod 604; the upper end of the rectangular vertical rod 604 is fixedly connected with the limit baffle 606; the lifting slide plate 603 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame 4 through a reset pressure spring 605, and the reset pressure spring 605 is sleeved on the rectangular vertical rod 604; the outer end of the lifting slide plate 603 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the linkage frame 607; the upper end of the linkage frame 607 is fixedly connected with the top pressing rod 608; the pressing rod 608 is located in the middle of the upper end of the frame 4. The second clamping rollers 602 inside the second wheel frame 601 are matched with the driving mechanism 7 in a clamping manner, the driving mechanism 7 drives the second clamping rollers 602 to move downwards in a clamping transmission manner, the second wheel frames 601 are driven by the second clamping rollers 602 to move downwards, the second wheel frames 601 drive the lifting slide plate 603 to slide on the rectangular vertical rods 604 and compress the reset pressure springs 605, the lifting slide plate 603 drives the linkage frame 607 and the top pressure rods 608 to move downwards, the top pressure impact is carried out on the high polymer fiber materials through the top pressure rods 608, and therefore dynamic tensile tests are carried out on the high polymer fiber materials, and the elastic performance of the high polymer fiber materials is tested.
The top pressing rod 608 comprises a cross frame 608A, a cylindrical pressing rod 608B, a column 608C, an external threaded rod 608D and a turntable 608E; the upper end of the linkage frame 607 is fixedly connected with the outer end of the transverse frame 608A; the inner end of the transverse frame 608A is connected with the middle of the upright 608C in a sliding fit manner; the lower end of the upright post 608C is fixed on the cylindrical pressing rod 608B; the upper end of the external screw rod 608D is fixedly connected with a turntable 608E, the middle of the external screw rod 608D is in threaded fit with the cross frame 608A, and the lower end of the external screw rod 608D is rotatably connected with the cylindrical pressing rod 608B. The position of the cylindrical press rod 608B inside the pressing rod 608 can be adjusted by rotating the external threaded rod 608D, so that the distance between the pressing rod and the polymer fiber material can be adjusted conveniently.
The driving mechanism 7 comprises a servo motor 701 with a speed reducer, a motor support 702, a screw rod 703, a bearing seat 704, an adjusting disk 705, an annular swivel 706, a driving roller 707, a plug block 708 and a positioning bolt 709; the servo motor 701 is fixedly connected to the motor support 702; the motor support 702 is in sliding fit with the lower end of the frame 4; the middle of the screw 703 is in threaded fit with the motor support 702; both ends of the screw 703 are rotatably connected to two bearing seats 704; the outer end of the screw rod 703 is fixedly connected with an adjusting disc 705; an output shaft of the servo motor 701 is fixedly connected with an annular rotary seat 706; a plurality of inserting grooves are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the outer side surface of the annular rotary seat 706; the inner sides of the plurality of inserting grooves are respectively inserted and connected with one inserting block 708; the outer ends of the plurality of plug-in blocks 708 are fixedly connected with a driving roller 707 respectively; the plurality of driving rollers 707 are in clamping fit with the plurality of first clamping rollers 506 or the plurality of second clamping rollers 602; the side surface of the annular swivel base 706 is uniformly and circumferentially provided with a plurality of internal thread grooves, the inner sides of the internal thread grooves are respectively matched with a positioning bolt 709 through threads, and the inner sides of the positioning bolts 709 are inserted into the insertion holes of the insertion blocks 708. The position of the driving roller 707 in the driving mechanism 7 may be adjusted, so that the driving roller 707 may be conveniently adjusted to be in clamping fit with a plurality of the first clamping rollers 506 or a plurality of the second clamping rollers 602, so as to perform different test modes; during adjustment, the rotating adjusting disc 705 drives the screw rod 703 to rotate, and the screw rod 703 drives the motor support 702 to slide at the lower end of the rack 4, so that the positions of the servo motor 701, the annular swivel 706, the driving roller 707, the plug block 708 and the positioning bolt 709 are adjusted; after the servo motor 701 is started, the annular rotary seat 706 can be driven to rotate, when the annular rotary seat 706 rotates, the plurality of driving rollers 707 are driven to rotate and move in a surrounding manner through the plurality of inserting blocks 708 and the positioning bolts 709, the plurality of driving rollers 707 are matched with the plurality of first clamping rollers 506 in a clamping manner to drive the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 to work, or the plurality of second clamping rollers 602 are matched with each other in a clamping manner to drive the top pressure stretching mechanism 6 to work; the number of the driving rollers 707 can be adjusted, so that the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 or the top pressure stretching mechanism 6 can be reset under the action of elastic force, and multiple stretching tests can be conveniently controlled when the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 or the top pressure stretching mechanism 6 reciprocates the high polymer fiber material, and the stretching speed measurement can be tested, so that different elastic performance tests can be carried out; when the driving roller 707 is to be removed or installed, the positioning bolt 709 is rotated to release the limit of the insertion block 708 or to limit the insertion block.
Principle of: when the tension test is carried out, two ends of a fiber material are respectively fixed through two end fixing mechanisms 1, then a test mode is selected, when a control driving mechanism 7 is in contact with a horizontal stretching mechanism 5, the test mode is switched to a static tension test device for carrying out tension test on the fiber material through the horizontal stretching mechanism, the driving mechanism 7 drives the horizontal stretching mechanism 5 to push two displacement frames 3 to slide outwards on a frame 4 to carry out static tension test on the fiber material fixed between the two end fixing mechanisms 1 until the fiber material is stretched to fracture, and a tension value of the fiber material is obtained through tension sensors 2 on two sides to carry out static mechanical property test on the polymer fiber material; the driving mechanism 7 is controlled to be separated from the horizontal stretching mechanism 5, when the driving mechanism 7 is in contact with the jacking stretching mechanism 6, the driving mechanism 7 drives the upper end of the jacking stretching mechanism 6 to downwards impact the high polymer fiber material until the fiber material is stretched until the fiber material breaks, the tension value of the fiber material is obtained through the tension sensors 2 on two sides, the dynamic mechanical property test is carried out on the high polymer fiber material, the stretching mechanical properties of the fiber material under different stretching states are measured conveniently, and the comparison analysis is convenient.
In the description, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by the differences from other embodiments, so that the same similar parts among the embodiments are mutually referred. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application, and such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a polymer fiber material tensile test device, its characterized in that includes tip fixed establishment (1), tension sensor (2), displacement frame (3), frame (4), horizontal stretching mechanism (5), roof pressure stretching mechanism (6) and actuating mechanism (7), its characterized in that: the two end fixing mechanisms (1) are arranged, the outer ends of the two end fixing mechanisms (1) are respectively and fixedly connected to one tension sensor (2), and the outer ends of the two tension sensors (2) are respectively and fixedly connected to one displacement frame (3); the two displacement frames (3) are relatively matched with the upper end of the frame (4) in a sliding way; two sides of the upper end of the horizontal stretching mechanism (5) are in transmission connection with two displacement frames (3), and the lower end of the horizontal stretching mechanism (5) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame (4); the upper end of the jacking and stretching mechanism (6) is positioned in the middle of the upper ends of the two displacement frames (3), and the lower end of the jacking and stretching mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame (4); the driving mechanism (7) is connected to the lower end of the frame (4); the driving mechanism (7) is in transmission connection with the horizontal stretching mechanism (5) or the jacking stretching mechanism (6),
the end fixing mechanism (1) comprises a winding shaft (101), a bearing shaft frame (102), a sliding plate (103), a transverse plate (104), an adjusting screw (105), an arc-shaped pressing plate (106) and a tensioning pressure spring (107); the outer end of the bearing shaft frame (102) is fixedly connected to the tension sensor (2); the middle of the inner end of the bearing shaft frame (102) is fixedly connected with the winding shaft (101); the upper end and the lower end of the bearing shaft frame (102) are respectively connected with a sliding plate (103) in a sliding fit manner; the inner end and the outer end of the two sliding plates (103) are respectively and fixedly connected with the arc-shaped pressing plate (106) and the transverse plate (104); the outer end of the adjusting screw rod (105) is rotatably connected to the transverse plate (104); the inner end of the adjusting screw (105) is connected to the bearing bracket (102) through threads; a tensioning pressure spring (107) is sleeved on the adjusting screw (105) between the transverse plate (104) and the bearing shaft frame (102); the intrados of the two arc-shaped pressing plates (106) are oppositely arranged,
the end fixing mechanism (1) further comprises a winding assembly (108); the winding assembly (108) comprises a hand rocker (108A), a rotating plate (108B), a worm (108C), a rod seat (108D) and a worm wheel (108E); the hand crank (108A) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary plate (108B); the other end of the rotary plate (108B) is fixedly connected with one end of the worm (108C); the worm (108C) is rotationally connected to two rod seats (108D), and the two rod seats (108D) are relatively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the bearing shaft frame (102); the worm (108C) is in meshed transmission connection with the worm wheel (108E); the worm wheel (108E) is fixedly connected to the winding shaft (101).
2. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the frame (4) is provided with two transverse guide shafts; the two displacement frames (3) are in relative sliding fit with the two transverse guide shafts.
3. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 2, wherein: the displacement frame (3) comprises a vertical frame plate (301), a horizontal sliding seat (302), an adjusting rotating wheel (303), a screw rod (304), a transverse shaft (305) and a transverse bar (306); the outer end of the tension sensor (2) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the vertical plate (301); the lower end of the vertical frame plate (301) is fixedly connected with the transverse bar (306) through two transverse shafts (305); two transverse shafts (305) are in sliding fit on the horizontal sliding seat (302); the horizontal sliding seat (302) is in sliding fit with the two transverse guide shafts; two ends of the screw rod (304) are respectively and rotatably connected to the vertical plate (301) and the transverse bar (306); the middle part of the screw rod (304) is matched with the horizontal sliding seat (302) through threads; the outer end of the screw rod (304) is fixedly connected with the adjusting rotating wheel (303); the horizontal stretching mechanism (5) is in transmission connection with two horizontal sliding seats (302).
4. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a fixed-length limiting mechanism (8); the fixed-length limiting mechanism (8) comprises a bidirectional screw rod (801), a limiting sliding block (802) and a screwing head (803); two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (801) are respectively in running fit with two ends of the stand (4); the outer end of the bidirectional screw rod (801) is fixedly connected with the screwing head (803); two limit sliding blocks (802) which are in relative sliding fit on the stand (4) are connected to the bidirectional screw rod (801) through threaded fit; the two limit sliding blocks (802) are positioned on the inner sides of the horizontal sliding seats (302) of the two displacement frames (3).
5. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 3, wherein: the horizontal stretching mechanism (5) comprises a diagonal rod (501), a lifting sliding seat (502), a vertical shaft (503), a reset tension spring (504), a linkage plate (505), a first clamping roller (506) and a first wheel frame (507); the two ends of the lifting sliding seat (502) are respectively and rotatably connected with the lower end of an inclined rod (501), and the upper ends of the two inclined rods (501) are respectively and rotatably connected with a horizontal sliding seat (302); the lifting slide seat (502) is in sliding fit on the vertical shaft (503); the vertical shaft (503) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the frame (4); the lifting sliding seat (502) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame (4) through a plurality of reset tension springs (504); the inner end of the lifting sliding seat (502) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first wheel frame (507) through a linkage plate (505); the inner side of the first wheel frame (507) is fixedly connected with a plurality of first clamping rollers (506) which are uniformly arranged up and down; the plurality of first clamping rollers (506) are matched with the driving mechanism (7) in a clamping mode.
6. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 5, wherein: the jacking and stretching mechanism (6) comprises a second wheel frame (601), a second clamping roller (602), a lifting slide plate (603), a rectangular vertical rod (604), a reset pressure spring (605), a limit baffle (606), a linkage frame (607) and a jacking rod (608); the inner side of the second wheel frame (601) is fixedly connected with a plurality of second clamping rollers (602) which are uniformly arranged up and down; the plurality of second clamping rollers (602) are matched with the driving mechanism (7) in a clamping way; the lower end of the second wheel frame (601) is fixedly connected with the inner end of the lifting slide plate (603); the middle part of the lifting slide plate (603) is in sliding fit with the rectangular vertical rod (604); the upper end of the rectangular vertical rod (604) is fixedly connected with the limit baffle (606); the lifting slide plate (603) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the frame (4) through a reset pressure spring (605), and the reset pressure spring (605) is sleeved on the rectangular vertical rod (604); the outer end of the lifting slide plate (603) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the linkage frame (607); the upper end of the linkage frame (607) is fixedly connected with the top compression bar (608); the pressing rod (608) is positioned in the middle of the upper end of the rack (4).
7. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 6, wherein: the top pressing rod (608) comprises a transverse frame (608A), a cylindrical pressing rod (608B), a stand column (608C), an external threaded rod (608D) and a rotary table (608E); the upper end of the linkage frame (607) is fixedly connected with the outer end of the transverse frame (608A); the inner end of the transverse frame (608A) is connected with the middle of the upright post (608C) in a sliding fit manner; the lower end of the upright post (608C) is fixed on the cylindrical pressing rod (608B); the upper end of the external threaded rod (608D) is fixedly connected with a rotary table (608E), the middle of the external threaded rod (608D) is matched with the transverse frame (608A) through threads, and the lower end of the external threaded rod (608D) is rotatably connected to the cylindrical pressing rod (608B).
8. The polymer fiber material tensile test device according to claim 6, wherein: the driving mechanism (7) comprises a servo motor (701) with a speed reducer, a motor support (702), a screw rod (703), a bearing seat (704), an adjusting disc (705), an annular swivel base (706), a driving roller (707), a plug block (708) and a positioning bolt (709); the servo motor (701) is fixedly connected to the motor support (702); the motor support (702) is in sliding fit with the lower end of the frame (4); the middle of the screw rod (703) is matched with the motor support (702) through threads; the two ends of the screw rod (703) are rotatably connected to the two bearing seats (704); the outer end of the screw rod (703) is fixedly connected with an adjusting disc (705); an output shaft of the servo motor (701) is fixedly connected with an annular rotary seat (706); a plurality of inserting grooves are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the outer side surface of the annular rotary seat (706); the inner sides of the plurality of inserting grooves are respectively inserted and connected with an inserting block (708); the outer ends of the plurality of plug-in blocks (708) are respectively fixedly connected with a driving roller (707); the driving rollers (707) are in clamping fit with the first clamping rollers (506) or the second clamping rollers (602); a plurality of internal thread grooves are uniformly and circumferentially formed in the side face of the annular swivel base (706), the inner sides of the internal thread grooves are respectively matched with a positioning bolt (709) through threads, and the inner sides of the positioning bolts (709) are inserted into the insertion holes of the insertion blocks (708).
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| CN114720281A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 南京仟柔布料有限公司 | Tensile test device for polymer fiber material |
| CN115184148B (en) * | 2022-06-26 | 2023-10-03 | 连云港市纤维检验中心 | Fibrous material strength test device |
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