CN106525571B - Microscope stretcher suitable for optical microscope - Google Patents
Microscope stretcher suitable for optical microscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN106525571B CN106525571B CN201611090257.6A CN201611090257A CN106525571B CN 106525571 B CN106525571 B CN 106525571B CN 201611090257 A CN201611090257 A CN 201611090257A CN 106525571 B CN106525571 B CN 106525571B
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- optical microscope
- fixing clamp
- stretcher
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Abstract
The invention discloses a microscope stretcher suitable for an optical microscope, which comprises a sample fixing clamp, wherein the clamping surface of the sample fixing clamp, which is contacted with a sample clamped by the sample, is V-shaped, arc-shaped or trapezoid, the sample fixing clamp comprises an upper clamping head and a lower clamping head, and the upper clamping head and the lower clamping head clamp the sample by tightening a fastening screw. The stretcher provided by the invention is provided with the special-shaped sample fixing clamp, so that the high polymer elastomer material can not be separated out due to thinning in the stretching process, and a complete stretching experiment is carried out on the high polymer elastomer material with high deformation rate; the portable microscope stretcher can be adapted to a series of optical microscopes in a laboratory, is convenient to operate, does not need to change the optical microscope, and the like, and can be pushed into the lower part of the lens of the optical microscope horizontally forward at a good position when in use, so that a sample is positioned in the observation view field of the lens of the optical microscope.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a compact stretcher on an optical microscope used for observing surface morphology changes of an elastomer material in different stretching states.
Background
The existing common stretching instrument can only perform macroscopic mechanical test on a sample, and the mechanical properties of the high polymer elastomer material are closely related to the structural changes and the like, so that the research is performed by combining the material mechanical property change process with the material structure and the like, and the high polymer material is facilitated to be studied more deeply. Although there are also some test devices that combine mechanical properties of materials with microscopic dimensions to be studied, for example the invention in the following table:
but mainly aims at the infrared spectrum measuring instrument and the scanning electron microscope which are extremely limited in sample cell space, the deformation of the high polymer elastomer material in the stretching process is large and limited by the volume limitation of the sample cell, the whole change process from stretching to stretch-breaking of the material can not be completely observed by the devices in the table, and the surface of the sample needs to be subjected to metal spraying and other treatments before the scanning electron microscope is used for observing the sample, so that the observation of the real appearance of the material can be influenced. The optical microscope can be used in an open environment, the size requirement on a sample is not very strict due to the structural design, the transverse size of the sample is not limited, and along with the technical development, the optical microscope can also reach very high resolution, particularly the super-depth optical microscope and the confocal laser scanning microscope, not only can meet the observation requirement on the microstructure of a material, but also can perform three-dimensional geometric measurement on the surface morphology of the material, and provides a brand-new field of view for observation and research on the surface morphology of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of observation and analysis of a material by an optical microscope in the stretching process, does not change any structure of the existing optical microscope, can erect a stretching tester on the microscope, enables a sample in the stretching process to be under the lens of the microscope, and does not influence the operation of the microscope in the use process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a sample fixing clamp for an optical microscope stretcher has a V-shaped, arc-shaped or trapezoid clamping surface which is contacted with a clamped sample.
Further, the sample fixing jig includes an upper chuck and a lower chuck which clamp the sample by tightening a fastening screw. When the fastening screw is screwed down, the fastening screw can drive the upper chuck to axially move along the direction of the fastening screw, so that the sample is clamped. The clamping surface of the upper clamping head is matched with the clamping surface of the lower clamping head to form a sample fixing clamp with a V-shaped, arc-shaped or trapezoid clamping surface in contact with the clamped sample.
Further, the clamping surfaces of the upper clamping head and the lower clamping head of the sample fixing clamp are respectively provided with tooth grains.
The invention also provides an optical microscope stretcher which is adapted to the optical microscope, and comprises the sample fixing clamp, a fixing frame, a tension sensor, a driving mechanism and a biaxial stretching mechanism;
the sample fixing clamp consists of a sample fixing clamp I and a sample fixing clamp II; the two-way stretching mechanism comprises a transmission part and a side plate I and a side plate II; the driving mechanism is connected with the transmission part and drives the side plate I and the side plate II to do displacement movement in opposite directions; the sample mounting fixture I with curb plate I fixed connection, sample mounting fixture II with curb plate II fixed connection, tension sensor fixed connection is between sample mounting fixture I and curb plate I or between sample mounting fixture II and curb plate II. Preferably, the tension sensor is fixedly connected between the sample fixing clamp II and the side plate II, namely one end of the tension sensor is fixedly connected with the sample fixing clamp II, and the other end of the tension sensor is fixedly connected with the side plate II to test the tensile load of the sample.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a closed-loop stepping motor and a corrugated pipe coupler;
the transmission part comprises a nut I, a nut II and a left-right screw rod, and the nut I and the nut II are connected with the left-right screw rod in a threaded connection mode; the closed-loop stepping motor is fixedly connected with the left-handed screw through a corrugated pipe coupler; sample mounting fixture I passes through curb plate I fixed connection nut I, sample mounting fixture II passes through curb plate II fixed connection nut II. Preferably, the sample fixing clamp II is fixedly connected with the nut II through the tension sensor and the side plate II.
Further, the optical microscope stretcher further comprises a supporting seat, a fixed seat, a polished rod, a fixed frame and a bracket; the polished rod penetrates through the supporting seat and the fixed seat and is connected with the side plate I and the side plate II in a sliding manner; the left-right screw rod passes through the supporting seat and the fixing seat to be fixedly connected with the corrugated pipe coupler; the supporting seat, the fixing seat and the driving mechanism are fixedly arranged on the fixing frame; the support is square support, the mount welded fastening is in on the support.
The optical microscope stretcher further comprises a stepping motor controller, and the stepping motor controller can send instructions to a stepping motor driver according to requirements to control the rotating speed and the rotating number of the stepping motor, so that the stretching speed and the stretching distance of the sample are controlled, and parameters such as the stretching speed, the stretching displacement, the initial stretching length and the like can be flexibly adjusted according to the conditions of the sample. After the stretching is finished, the quick return of the stretching device can be realized through the program setting of the controller. The data acquisition card can acquire analog signals of the S-shaped tension sensor in real time with high precision and high frequency, convert the analog signals into digital signals, then guide the digital signals into a computer through a USB data line, and acquire, process and analyze test data through engineering common Labview and other software on the computer.
The application principle and method of the microscope stretcher provided by the invention are as follows: one end of the tensile sample is fixed on a sample fixing clamp I, the other end of the tensile sample is fixed on a sample fixing clamp II, a closed-loop stepping motor is driven, the stepping motor rotates, a bellows coupler starts to rotate and drives a left-handed screw and a right-handed screw which are fixedly connected with the bellows coupler to rotate, the nuts which are in sliding connection with the left-handed screw are driven to move at equal speed and equidistantly in opposite directions respectively, the nuts drive two side plates and the two sample fixing clamps to move at equal speed and equidistantly in opposite directions respectively, and therefore the tensile sample is elongated, and the center position of the sample is kept unchanged.
The invention specially designs a portable microscope stretcher for an optical microscope (comprising an ultra-depth-of-field optical microscope and a laser confocal scanning microscope), and overcomes the defect that some prior test instruments measure the mechanical properties of materials and observe the microstructure morphology of the materials at the same time:
(1) The special-shaped sample fixing clamp can ensure that the high polymer elastomer material cannot be separated out due to thinning in the stretching process, and complete stretching experiments are carried out on the high polymer elastomer material with high deformation rate;
(2) The portable microscope stretcher can be adapted to a series of optical microscopes in a laboratory, is convenient to operate, does not need to change the optical microscope, and the like, and can be pushed into the lower part of the lens of the optical microscope horizontally forward at a good position when in use, so that a sample is positioned in the observation view field of the lens of the optical microscope.
(3) The rotating speed and the step number of the stepping motor can be controlled through a program, so that the sample fixing clamp is indirectly controlled to clamp the sample for carrying out a stretching test with specific stretching speed and specific stretching length, a stress-strain curve of the material can be obtained through conversion of a stress sensor and the running step number of the motor in the stretching process, and the surface morphology of the sample corresponding to a certain point on the stress-strain curve is observed, so that the method has important significance for researching the tissue morphology change of the material stretching process and analyzing the material breaking process.
(4) Because the stepping motor controller can be flexibly programmed, the tension sensor and the stepping motor can be integrated together, experiments with special requirements can be carried out through programming, for example, the test sample can be kept at a constant strain quantity, the stress relaxation phenomenon of the test sample is observed, the loads loaded at two ends of the test sample can be kept constant, the creep characteristics of the test sample under a constant load are observed, and the like.
(5) The deformation of the high polymer elastomer material is large in the stretching process, the sample easily slides out of the clamp in the stretching process, so that the measured deformation is inconsistent with the real deformation of the material, and the phenomenon that the sample slides out of the clamp can also occur, so that the stretching test can not be normally performed.
(6) The optical microscope has no strict size limitation on the sample, has no limitation on horizontal space, has larger effective stretching length, can meet the stretching requirement of a high polymer elastomer material, can keep the center position of the high polymer elastomer in the stretching process unchanged relative to an optical microscope lens, and meets the requirement of in-situ observation. The equipment is adopted for in-situ dynamic observation, and in the process of carrying out a sample tensile test, the phenomena of surface morphology change, molecular orientation, crystallization and the like of a material in the tensile process of a tensile sample can be seen in real time on a microscope, the change of the polymer material in each moment in the tensile process is obtained, and the change of the material in the moment is directly corresponding to a certain point on a stress-strain curve obtained by measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sample holder of the present invention, wherein A is a V-shaped sample holder, B is a circular arc-shaped sample holder, and C is a trapezoid-shaped sample holder;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the stretching apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control box of a stepper motor of the extensometer of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stretcher according to the present invention when used in a confocal laser microscope;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the extensometer of the present invention in use with a conventional optical microscope;
1. a support base;
2. a left-right screw;
3. a polish rod;
4. a side plate I;
5. a clamp I is arranged on the lower chuck;
6. a clamping head is arranged on the clamp I;
7. a clamping head is arranged on the clamp II;
8. a clamp II is arranged on the lower chuck;
9. a tension sensor;
10. a side plate II;
11. a fixing seat;
12. a bellows coupling;
13. a closed-loop stepper motor;
14. a stepping motor encoding line interface;
15. a stepper motor power supply interface;
16. a nut I;
17. a tension sensor data line interface;
18. a nut II;
19. a fixing frame;
20. a motor bracket;
21. a bracket;
22. a tension sensor data line interface;
23. a stepping motor encoding line interface;
24. a stepper motor power supply interface;
25. a main power switch;
26. displaying a control area;
27. USB data line interface.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples will enable those of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the optical microscope stretcher adapted to an optical microscope of the present invention comprises a sample fixing clamp, a fixing frame, a tension sensor, a driving mechanism and a bi-directional stretching mechanism; the sample fixing clamp consists of a sample fixing clamp I and a sample fixing clamp II; the two-way stretching mechanism comprises a transmission part and a side plate I and a side plate II; the driving mechanism is connected with the transmission part and drives the side plate I and the side plate II to do displacement movement in opposite directions; the sample fixing clamp I is fixedly connected with the side plate I, the sample fixing clamp II is fixedly connected with the tension sensor, and the tension sensor is fixedly connected with the side plate II.
The sample fixing clamp I is provided with an upper clamp head and a lower clamp head, and the upper clamp head and the lower clamp head clamp the sample by tightening fastening screws. When the fastening screw is screwed down, the fastening screw can drive the upper chuck to axially move along the direction of the fastening screw, so that the sample is clamped. The clamping surface of the upper clamping head is matched with the clamping surface of the lower clamping head to form a sample fixing clamp with a V-shaped, arc-shaped or trapezoid clamping surface in contact with the clamped sample. The clamping surfaces of the upper clamping head and the lower clamping head are respectively provided with tooth grains, so that the fixing effect of the tensile sample is improved.
The driving mechanism comprises a closed-loop stepping motor and a corrugated pipe coupler; the transmission part comprises a nut I, a nut II and a left-right screw rod, and the nut I and the nut II are connected with the left-right screw rod in a threaded connection mode; the output end of the closed-loop stepping motor is fixedly connected with a corrugated pipe coupler, the corrugated pipe coupler is linked with the motor, and the corrugated pipe coupler is fixedly connected with the left-handed screw and can drive the left-handed screw to rotate; the lower chuck and the nut I of sample fixation clamp I are fixedly connected on the facade of curb plate I, sample fixation clamp II is fixed through tension sensor on the facade of curb plate II, promptly tension sensor's one end fixed connection is in sample fixation clamp II, and the other end fixed connection is in curb plate II, test sample's tensile strength. The tension sensor can be fixedly connected between the sample fixing clamp I and the side plate I.
As shown in fig. 2, the optical microscope stretcher further comprises a supporting seat, a fixed seat, a polished rod, a fixed frame and a bracket; the polished rod penetrates through the supporting seat and the fixed seat and is connected with the side plate I and the side plate II in a sliding manner; the left-right screw rod passes through the supporting seat and the fixing seat to be fixedly connected with the corrugated pipe coupler; the supporting seat, the fixing seat and the driving mechanism are fixedly arranged on the fixing frame; the support is square support, the mount sets up on the support.
The optical microscope stretcher can be adapted to a series of optical microscopes in a laboratory, is convenient to operate, does not need to change the optical microscope, and the like, and can be pushed into the lower part of the lens of the optical microscope horizontally and forwards to enable a sample to be in the observation view field of the lens of the optical microscope when the optical microscope stretcher is used.
When the optical microscope stretcher is used for detection, the optical microscope stretcher is used for detecting: one end of the tensile sample is fixed on a sample fixing clamp I, the other end of the tensile sample is fixed on a sample fixing clamp II, a closed-loop stepping motor is driven, the stepping motor rotates, a bellows coupler starts to rotate and drives a left-handed screw and a right-handed screw which are fixedly connected with the bellows coupler to rotate, the nuts which are in threaded connection with the left-handed screw are driven to move at equal speed and equidistantly in opposite directions respectively, the nuts drive two side plates and the two sample fixing clamps to move at equal speed and equidistantly in opposite directions respectively, and therefore the tensile sample is elongated, and the center position of the sample is kept unchanged.
As shown in FIG. 3, the optical microscope stretcher further comprises a stepper motor control box, and the rotating speed and the rotating number of the stepper motor can be controlled, so that the stretching speed and the stretching distance of the sample are controlled, and parameters such as the stretching speed, the stretching displacement, the initial stretching length and the like can be flexibly adjusted according to the condition of the sample. After the tensile test is finished, the quick return of the tensile device can be realized through the program setting of the controller. The data acquisition card arranged in the control box can acquire analog signals of the S-shaped tension sensor in real time with high precision and high frequency, convert the analog signals into digital signals, then guide the digital signals into a computer through a USB data line, and acquire, process and analyze test data through engineering common Labview and other software on the computer. The tension sensor data line interface marked in fig. 3 is connected with the tension sensor data line interface in fig. 2, the stepper motor code line interface is connected with the stepper motor code line interface in fig. 2, the stepper motor power supply interface is connected with the stepper motor power supply interface in fig. 2, the display control area is an operation panel of the stepper motor controller, and the USB data line interface in the figure can be connected with a computer for outputting the data of the tension sensor acquired by the data acquisition card.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the stretching apparatus of the present invention when used in a confocal laser microscope, and fig. 5 is a schematic view of the stretching apparatus of the present invention when used in a general optical microscope. When using the portable microscope stretcher, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the sample center is just placed under the microscope lens by pushing the stretcher under the microscope lens and adjusting the stretcher. Reference is made to the method of operation in figures 4 and 5 when applicable to other microscopes.
Claims (5)
1. An optical microscope stretcher suitable for an optical microscope comprises a fixing frame, a tension sensor, a driving mechanism, a two-way stretching mechanism and a sample fixing clamp;
the sample fixing clamp consists of a sample fixing clamp I and a sample fixing clamp II;
the two-way stretching mechanism comprises a transmission part, a side plate I and a side plate II;
the driving mechanism is connected with the transmission part and drives the side plate I and the side plate II to do displacement movement in opposite directions;
the sample fixing clamp I is fixedly connected with the side plate I, the sample fixing clamp II is fixedly connected with the side plate II, and the tension sensor is fixedly connected between the sample fixing clamp I and the side plate I or between the sample fixing clamp II and the side plate II;
the driving mechanism comprises a closed-loop stepping motor and a corrugated pipe coupler;
the transmission part comprises a nut I, a nut II and a left-right screw rod, and the nut I and the nut II are connected with the left-right screw rod in a threaded connection mode;
the closed-loop stepping motor is fixedly connected with the left-handed screw through a corrugated pipe coupler;
the sample fixing clamp I is fixedly connected with a nut I through a side plate I, and the sample fixing clamp II is fixedly connected with a nut II through a side plate II;
the optical microscope stretcher also comprises a supporting seat, a fixed seat, a polished rod, a fixed frame and a bracket;
the polished rod penetrates through the supporting seat and the fixed seat and is connected with the side plate I and the side plate II in a sliding manner;
the left-right screw rod passes through the supporting seat and the fixing seat to be fixedly connected with the corrugated pipe coupler;
the supporting seat, the fixing seat and the driving mechanism are fixedly arranged on the fixing frame.
2. The optical microscope stretcher according to claim 1, wherein,
the support is square support, the mount sets up on the support.
3. The optical microscope stretcher according to claim 1, wherein the holding surface of the sample holding jig that contacts the specimen held by the sample is V-shaped, circular arc-shaped or trapezoidal.
4. The optical microscope stretcher adapted to an optical microscope according to claim 1, wherein the sample fixing jig comprises an upper chuck and a lower chuck which clamp the sample by tightening a fastening screw.
5. The optical microscope stretcher of claim 4, wherein the upper chuck and the lower chuck are provided with teeth on the sample holding surface, respectively.
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CN201611090257.6A CN106525571B (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Microscope stretcher suitable for optical microscope |
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CN201611090257.6A CN106525571B (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Microscope stretcher suitable for optical microscope |
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CN106525571B true CN106525571B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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