CN102870986B - Feed for delaying sex reversal time of finless eels and preparation and implementation methods of feed - Google Patents
Feed for delaying sex reversal time of finless eels and preparation and implementation methods of feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102870986B CN102870986B CN2012103478035A CN201210347803A CN102870986B CN 102870986 B CN102870986 B CN 102870986B CN 2012103478035 A CN2012103478035 A CN 2012103478035A CN 201210347803 A CN201210347803 A CN 201210347803A CN 102870986 B CN102870986 B CN 102870986B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
Aiming at the technical problems that the fry propagation quantity and scale are limited due to the fact that the female finless eels are small in parental size and brood amount in the existing finless eel cultivation, the invention provides a feed for delaying the sex reversal time of the finless eels. The feed for delaying the sex reversal time of finless eels consists of a finless eel compound feed and the Chinese medicinal herbs. A Chinese medicinal herb formula comprises radix rehmanniae praeparata, fructus corni, rhizoma dioscoreae, fructus lycii, liquorice and poria cocos. A preparation method of the feed is provided as follows: after the Chinese medicinal herbs are ground and mixed uniformly, and 3% to 5% by weight of the Chinese medicinal herbs are mixed in the feed for finless eels. In addition, an implementation method of the feed is provided as follows: selecting the finless eels at the age of 2 years with the consistent specifications and healthy physique; artificially feeding the feed containing 3% of the Chinese medicinal herbs from June to November every year; overwintering and stopping feeding from November to next April; and continuously feeding the feed containing 5% of the Chinese medicinal herbs in May. According to the feed for delaying the sex reversal time of the finless eels, the parental sex reversal time of the finless eels is delayed for above half of a year, and the female ratio is above 96%; and the parental reproductive capacity of the female finless eels is improved by above 30% and the fry amount is improved by above 23%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fishery science applied technical field, be specifically related to a kind of feed and preparation and implementation method for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time.
Background technology
Swamp eel (Monopterus albus), be commonly called as yellow eel, belongs to Osteichthyes, Symbranchir, closes gill section, Monopterus, extensively is present in Asia, and China only produces a kind.Its build is thin, and shape is like snake or eel, and nutritive value is high.Exist special reproductive development phenomenon---Natural sex reversal in the history of life of swamp eel.Research shows, in sexal maturity for the first time growth cycle, swamp eel is female sexual development, after female sexal maturity is laid eggs, egg cell abortion in gonad, ovarian structure is progressively degenerated, male sex-cell germinates simultaneously, by the intersexuality step transition to patrogenesis.
Seed required in present breeding process is mainly take wild resource as main, and wild swamp eel seed all can not meet scale that swamp eel propagates artificially and the needs of industrialization day by day at aspects such as the time of putting in a suitable place to breed, quality and quantity and sources.Therefore, the artificial propagation of swamp eel seed research is the inevitable demand of carrying out the scale culture of swamp eel.Yet due to the sex reversal phenomenon in its history of life, cause individuality and the fish brood amount of female eel parent in the swamp eel reproductive population little, reproductive capacity is very low, during the parent population apolegamy, the ratio of male and female eel and size are difficult to collocation and coordinate, the difficult choosing of parent's eel, seed breeding quantity and scale are restricted, and have greatly limited swamp eel artificial propagation scale and level.therefore, obtain individual large, the female eel parent that fish brood amount is many is one of key point of swamp eel seedling batch production, manually throw something and feed or the injection of exogenous hormone is one of effective way of controlling the swamp eel sex reversal, as the patent No. be " 200910091119.3 " thus patent just adopt injection estrogen to postpone the method for swamp eel sex reversal time, yet in the situation that the protection of current green environment and this method of environmental hormone severe contamination employing are undoubtedly the destruction to environment, and Chinese herbal medicine is natural drug, aboundresources, toxic and side effect is little, environment is difficult for polluting, therefore has unrivaled superiority.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves: the present invention is directed to deficiency of the prior art, a kind of feed and preparation and implementation method for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time is provided.
Technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of feed for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time, swamp eel mixed feed and Chinese herbal medicine, consist of, wherein Chinese herbal medicine formula comprises: prepared rhizome of rehmannia, Fructus Corni, Chinese yam, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Poria cocos.
As a modification of the present invention, the Chinese herbal medicine formula in feed configures according to following weight proportion: 3～4 parts of prepared rhizomes of rehmannia, 1 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae, respectively 2～3 parts, Fructus Corni, Chinese yam, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, Poria cocos.
Further improve as of the present invention, the Chinese herbal medicine formula in feed configures according to following weight proportion: prepared rhizome of rehmannia 25%, Fructus Corni 17%, Chinese yam 17%, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry 17%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 7%, Poria cocos 17%.
The present invention also provides the method for the above-mentioned feed for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time of preparation, namely Chinese herbal medicine after smashing on pulverizer and mixing, mix in the swamp eel mixed feed and make feeding feed stuff.
, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with the Chinese herbal medicine of weight ratio 3～5%, be added into the swamp eel mixed feed.
As another kind of preferred version of the present invention, the protein level of swamp eel mixed feed is controlled in 38%.
The present invention provides above-mentioned feed for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time to be used for implementing to postpone the method for swamp eel sex reversal time simultaneously, comprises the steps:
(1) propagating artificially of swamp eel: propagating artificially under condition, taking the mode of cage culture, cultivation obtains that a large amount of specifications are consistent, physical health 2 the age swamp eel, can obtain before June at Second Year specification in enormous quantities identical, adapt to the swamp eel of propagating artificially.
(2) domestication of First Year swamp eel: in selecting the identical swamp eel of specification at 2 * 3m the annual 6-11 month
2Net cage in propagate artificially, transplant water peanut in net cage, add 3% Chinese herbal medicine in the swamp eel mixed feed.
(3) swamp eel survives the winter: then November to Second Year April, swamp eel continues cultivation in net cage, stops simultaneously throwing something and feeding.
(4) keeping of Second Year swamp eel ovarian function: Second Year May, swamp eel continues cultivation in net cage, and starts again to throw something and feed, and throws in the swamp eel mixed feed every day, contains 5% Chinese herbal medicine in feed, in 2 weeks before the artificial propagation of always feeding, stops feeding Chinese herbal medicine.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the fresh feed of throwing something and feeding every day, second day in time reclaims and deals carefully with residual bait in case polluted water; Refresh the water periodically weekly, to keep good water quality and ecological environment; Carry out disinfection with glutaraldehyde weekly, press 40mg/m
3Water body is evenly splashed.
Beneficial effect
With the feed for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time provided by the invention, the swamp eel that obtains according to cultural method provided by the invention has following features:
1. swamp eel parent's the sex reversal time can postpone more than 6 months, and ratio of female is more than 96%, can obtain the larger female parent of the consistent individuality of a large amount of specifications.
2. colony's reproductive capacity of female parent improves 30% left and right, and the corresponding raising of seed quantity 23% left and right, effectively improved colony's reproductive capacity of the female parent of swamp eel, can meet scale and support the seedling requirement of eel.
The Chinese herbal medicine that adopts of the present invention have anti-stress, constitutional effect, use the survival rate of swamp eel after Chinese Herbal medicine feeding to be significantly improved, reach more than 95.6%.
The specific embodiment:
1 one kinds of feeds that are used for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time of embodiment, be comprised of swamp eel mixed feed and Chinese herbal medicine, and wherein Chinese herbal medicine formula comprises: prepared rhizome of rehmannia, Fructus Corni, Chinese yam, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Poria cocos.
Wherein the weight proportion of Chinese herbal medicine can be: 3～4 parts of prepared rhizomes of rehmannia, 1 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae, respectively 2～3 parts, Fructus Corni, Chinese yam, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, Poria cocos.
Its weight proportion also can be: prepared rhizome of rehmannia 25%, Fructus Corni 17%, Chinese yam 17%, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry 17%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 7%, Poria cocos 17%.
Be used for to postpone the preparation method of the feed of swamp eel sex reversal time described in embodiment 2 embodiment 1, method for Chinese herbal medicine after smashing on pulverizer and mixing, mix in the swamp eel mixed feed and make feeding feed stuff.Add the Chinese herbal medicine of weight ratio 3-5% in the swamp eel mixed feed, the protein level of the swamp eel mixed feed of selecting is controlled in 38%.
The feed of the swamp eel sex reversal time of be used for postponing of the preparation experiment of feeding in embodiment 3 use embodiment 2: 2010-2011 Jiangyan City carries out in one culture of swamp eel base Chinese Herbal medicine feeding of the present invention tests, and carries out according to the following steps:
1, in March, 2010 the culture of swamp eel net cage is erected in pond, cage size, for long 3 meters, wide 2 meters, high 1.5 meters, is that 30 order polyethylene knotless nettings process.Need altogether 100 net cages.The pond water temperature is 20-28 ℃, and dissolved oxygen in water is greater than 6mg/L, pH value 7.5-8.
2, in mid or late April, 2010 carries out water body disinfection, puts seedling the perch nest of water peanut as swamp eel was set in front 15 days, and the cultivated area of water peanut is 2/3 left and right of net cage, with the natural Optimum ecological condition of simulation swamp eel.
3, selecting health, body surface in 5-6 month in 2010 is moved in net cage and cultivates without wound, swamp eel that specification is consistent.Breeding density is 1.5kg/m
2, each net cage is put 9-10kg in a suitable place to breed.Each net cage is put 10 tail loach in a suitable place to breed, to avoid swamp eel, is wound around mutually.
4, buy Chinese herbal medicine, fill a prescription by weight percentage as follows: prepared rhizome of rehmannia 25%, Fructus Corni 17%, Chinese yam 17%, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry 17%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 17%, Poria cocos 17%, after smashing on pulverizer and mixing, the ratio in 3% (weight ratio) is mixed in ricefield el fodder.
5, move into the net cage swamp eel mixed feed that starts to throw something and feed after three days swamp eel, carry out the opening domestication.Treat the swamp eel mixed feed that the swamp eel custom starts to feed and contains Chinese herbal medicine in man-made feeds 1-2 week.
6, in the swamp eel mixed feed, the ratio of Chinese herbal medicine is 3%, can add to gradually 5% later.Throw something and feed 5 left and right at dusk every day, and the protein level of swamp eel mixed feed is controlled in 38%, and feeding volume is thrown something and fed by the 4-8% of body weight, and second day has a small amount of residual bait to be to be satiated with food early morning.The residual bait of not eating should in time clean out, in order to avoid corrupt polluted water.This one-phase is thrown something and fed and is contained the feed of Chinese herbal medicine, and the ovary of swamp eel is maintained III-IV stage of development phase.
7, swamp eel survives the winter: start October then to Second Year April, swamp eel continues cultivation in net cage, throws something and feeds but reduce, until stop.
8, since in May, 2011 temperature recovery, swamp eel continues cultivation in former net cage, and restarts the Chinese herbal medicine of throwing something and feeding.The feed of throwing something and feeding is that the earthworm of silver carp and pulverizing adds 5% Chinese herbal medicine and smashes and make chyme, and the protein level of swamp eel mixed feed is controlled in 38%.Every day, threw something and fed in fixing place in 4 left and right at dusk, and the ovary of swamp eel is maintained IV stage of development phase.In 2 weeks before swamp eel is carried out artificial propagation, stop feeding Chinese herbal medicine.
9, the daily management of culture of swamp eel: during whole cultivation, the fresh feed of throwing something and feeding every day, the residual bait of not eating up is in time collected and dealt carefully with to morning, prevent polluted water, patrol the pool twice every day, in time pinpoint the problems, keep good water quality and ecological environment, carry out disinfection with glutaraldehyde weekly, press 40mg/m
3Water body is evenly splashed.
Beneficial effect: after application the present invention, through histotomy, identify, the swamp eel ratio of female reaches 96.5%, and reproductive capacity has improved 30%, and every tail swamp eel can breed seed quantity and reach the 800-1000 bar, has improved 23%, meets the demand of scale swamp eel breeding fully.
The feed of the swamp eel sex reversal time of be used for postponing of the preparation experiment of feeding in embodiment 4 use embodiment 2,2009-2010 Taixing City carries out in one culture of swamp eel base Chinese Herbal medicine feeding of the present invention tests, and carries out according to the following steps:
1, in March, 2009 the culture of swamp eel net cage is erected in pond, cage size, for long 4 meters, wide 3 meters, high 1.5 meters, is that 30 order polyethylene knotless nettings process.Need altogether 35 net cages.The pond water temperature is 20-28 ℃, and dissolved oxygen in water is greater than 6mg/L, pH value 7.5-8.
2, in mid or late April, 2009 carries out water body disinfection, puts and front 2 weeks of seedling the perch nest of water peanut as swamp eel is set, and the cultivated area of water peanut is 2/3 left and right of net cage, thus the natural Optimum ecological condition of simulation swamp eel.
3, selecting health, body surface in June, 2009 is moved in net cage and cultivates without wound, swamp eel that specification is consistent.Breeding density is 1.5kg/m
2, each net cage is put 15kg in a suitable place to breed.Each net cage is put 15 tail loach in a suitable place to breed, to avoid swamp eel, is wound around mutually.
4, buy Chinese herbal medicine, fill a prescription by weight percentage as follows: prepared rhizome of rehmannia 25%, Fructus Corni 17%, Chinese yam 17%, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry 17%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 17%, Poria cocos 17%, after smashing on pulverizer and mixing, the ratio in 3% (weight ratio) is mixed in ricefield el fodder.
5, move into net cage swamp eel and start the mixed feed of throwing something and feeding after three days, carry out the opening domestication.Treating that swamp eel custom starts to feed in man-made feeds 1-2 week contains the mixed feed of Chinese herbal medicine.
6, in mixed feed, the ratio of Chinese herbal medicine is 3%, can add to gradually 5% later.Throw something and feed 5 left and right at dusk every day, and the protein level of mixed feed is controlled in 38%, and feeding volume is thrown something and fed by the 4-8% of body weight, and second day has a small amount of residual bait to be to be satiated with food early morning.The residual bait of not eating should in time clean out, in order to avoid corrupt polluted water.This one-phase is thrown something and fed and is contained the feed of Chinese herbal medicine, and the ovary of swamp eel is maintained III-IV stage of development phase.
7, swamp eel survives the winter: start October then to Second Year April, swamp eel continues cultivation in net cage, throws something and feeds but reduce, until stop.
8, since in May, 2010 temperature recovery, swamp eel continues cultivation in former net cage, and restarts the Chinese herbal medicine of throwing something and feeding.The feed of throwing something and feeding is that the earthworm of silver carp and pulverizing adds 5% Chinese herbal medicine and smashes and make chyme, and the protein level of mixed feed is controlled in 38%.Every day, threw something and fed in fixing place in 5 left and right at dusk, and the ovary of swamp eel is maintained IV stage of development phase.In 2 weeks before swamp eel is carried out artificial propagation, stop feeding Chinese herbal medicine.
9, the daily management of culture of swamp eel: during whole cultivation, the fresh feed of throwing something and feeding every day, the residual bait of not eating up is in time collected and dealt carefully with to morning, prevent polluted water, patrol the pool twice every day, in time pinpoint the problems, keep good water quality and ecological environment, carry out disinfection with glutaraldehyde weekly, press 40mg/m
3Water body is evenly splashed.
Beneficial effect: after application the present invention, through histotomy, identify, the swamp eel ratio of female reaches 95%, and reproductive capacity has improved 31%, and every tail swamp eel can breed seed quantity and reach the 800-900 bar, has improved 22%, meets the demand of scale swamp eel breeding fully.
Claims (6)
1. a feed that is used for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time, be comprised of swamp eel mixed feed and Chinese herbal medicine, and wherein Chinese herbal medicine formula and weight proportion are as follows: 3～4 parts of prepared rhizomes of rehmannia, 1 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae, respectively 2～3 parts, Fructus Corni, Chinese yam, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, Poria cocos; Described Chinese herbal medicine is added into the swamp eel mixed feed with weight ratio 3～5%.
2. the feed for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described Chinese herbal medicine formula configures according to following weight proportion: prepared rhizome of rehmannia 25%, Fructus Corni 17%, Chinese yam 17%, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry 17%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 7%, Poria cocos 17%.
3. the method for the described feed for postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time of preparation claim 1 or 2, after smashing on pulverizer and mixing, mix described Chinese herbal medicine in the swamp eel mixed feed and make feeding feed stuff.
4. as described in claim 3 for the preparation of the method for the feed of postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time, it is characterized in that: the protein level of described swamp eel mixed feed is controlled in 38%.
5., with the described method of implementing to postpone the swamp eel sex reversal time for the feed of postponing the swamp eel sex reversal time of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) propagating artificially of swamp eel: propagating artificially under condition, taking the mode of cage culture, cultivation obtains that a large amount of specifications are consistent, physical health 2 the age swamp eel, can obtain before June at Second Year specification in enormous quantities identical, adapt to the swamp eel of propagating artificially.
(2) domestication of First Year swamp eel: in selecting the identical swamp eel of specification at 2 * 3m the annual 6-11 month
2Net cage in propagate artificially, transplant water peanut in net cage, add 3% Chinese herbal medicine in the swamp eel mixed feed.
(3) swamp eel survives the winter: then November to Second Year April, swamp eel continues cultivation in net cage, stops simultaneously throwing something and feeding.
(4) keeping of Second Year swamp eel ovarian function: Second Year May, swamp eel continues cultivation in net cage, and starts again to throw something and feed, and throws in the swamp eel mixed feed every day, contains 5% Chinese herbal medicine in feed, in 2 weeks before the artificial propagation of always feeding, stops feeding Chinese herbal medicine.
6. the method for swamp eel sex reversal time is postponed in enforcement according to claim 5, and it is characterized in that: the fresh feed of throwing something and feeding every day, second day in time reclaim and deal carefully with residual bait in case polluted water; Refresh the water periodically weekly, to keep good water quality and ecological environment; Carry out disinfection with glutaraldehyde weekly, press 40mg/m
3Water body is evenly splashed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103478035A CN102870986B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Feed for delaying sex reversal time of finless eels and preparation and implementation methods of feed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103478035A CN102870986B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Feed for delaying sex reversal time of finless eels and preparation and implementation methods of feed |
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| CN102870986B true CN102870986B (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN104082204A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-08 | 怀远县孔津湖农业开发有限公司 | Breeding method for parent misgurnus anguillicaudatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1072854A (en) * | 1992-12-02 | 1993-06-09 | 辽宁省中医研究院 | Prevent and treat the prolonging female puberty preparation of climacteric syndrome |
| CN101933471B (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-05-30 | 长江大学 | Method for delaying sex reversal of finless eels |
| CN101785532A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-07-28 | 段世光 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine additive prescription for eel compound feed |
| CN102318755B (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-01-02 | 湖北省水产科学研究所 | Traditional Chinese medicine immunity enhancer for aquatic animals |
| CN102302098B (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-10-17 | 湖南农业大学 | Compound Chinese medicinal herb feed additive for promoting immunity and growth of ricefield eels |
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