CN102864300B - 一种从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法 - Google Patents

一种从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法 Download PDF

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CN102864300B
CN102864300B CN201210374756.3A CN201210374756A CN102864300B CN 102864300 B CN102864300 B CN 102864300B CN 201210374756 A CN201210374756 A CN 201210374756A CN 102864300 B CN102864300 B CN 102864300B
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molybdenum
tungsten
concentrate
roasting
chloride
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CN102864300A (zh
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刘志强
邱显扬
周晓彤
郭秋松
朱薇
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Institute of Resource Utilization and Rare Earth Development of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
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Guangzhou Research Institute of Non Ferrous Metals
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Abstract

一种从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法,其特征是将钼钨精矿与还原剂混合均匀,通入氯气进行氯化焙烧,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加水或稀盐酸溶液中,形成钨氯合物沉淀和钼氯合物溶液,过滤、洗涤后,钨与钼分离。本发明的方法采用氯化法一步将钨钼精矿分解,然后利用钼、钨氯化物性质的差异,将钨与钼分离。该方法能处理不同钼钨含量的精矿,具有方法简单,试剂消耗量小等优点。

Description

一种从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种从矿物中分离钼和钨的方法,特别涉及一种从钼钨矿物中分离钼和钨的方法。
背景技术
随着钨钼元素资源的日益消耗,复杂伴生钨钼元素资源需要综合开发利用,许多伴生钨钼元素资源中钨钼以类质同相形式存在,采用选矿方法不能有效地将钨与钼元素分离,只能依赖冶金工艺进行分离。
张启修等著(《钨钼冶金》,冶金工业出版社,2005年,P110~198)概括了目前国内外钨钼冶金分离采用的方法:1.沉淀法,三硫化钼沉淀和选择性沉淀法。其基本原理为先加入硫化剂使钼形成MoS4 2-,三硫化钼沉淀法将硫化后的溶液酸化,钼以三硫化钼的形式沉淀析出与钨分离;选择性沉淀为将硫化后的溶液中加入铜盐为沉淀剂,使钼沉淀;2.离子交换法。基于硫代钼酸根离子与钨酸根离子对树脂亲和力的差异来实现钨钼分离;3.萃取法。萃取除钼一般都是先使钼、钨生成性质差异较大的化合物或络合离子,再萃取分离。络合剂主要有双氧水、硫化物、EDTA、柠檬酸、酒石酸等;4.分步浸出法。对含有白钨矿或钼钨矿的钼矿物,采用分步浸出法,先用盐酸将钼矿物浸出,钨矿物保留在浸出渣中,从而将钨与钼分离。上述方法中沉淀法、离子交换法和萃取法主要用来分离钨矿物中少量的钼,并且需要添加大量硫化物或络合剂等,环境污染大、生产成本高。分步浸出法能将钨矿物中大量的钼矿物选择性浸出,但操作麻烦,钼与钨需要分步浸出,操作工序长,化学试剂消耗大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法。
本发明所述的钼钨精矿为钨矿物或钼矿物经过选矿所得的精矿,含WO35~65%,MoO33~30%,方法如下:将钼钨精矿与还原剂按钼钨精矿∶还原剂的重量比为1∶0.1~0.8混合均匀,通入氯气进行氯化焙烧,焙烧温度为500~1000℃,焙烧时间为0.5~8小时,钼钨以氯化物形式挥发,收集钼钨氯化物后加入水或稀盐酸中,搅拌0.5~8小时,形成钨氯合物沉淀和钼氯合物溶液,过滤、洗涤后,钨与钼分离。
所述的还原剂为石油焦、无烟煤或活性炭。
所述的氯化焙烧为沸腾氯化焙烧、熔盐氯化焙烧或回转窑氯化焙烧。
本发明主要是利用钼矿物和钨矿物在还原剂的作用下,在一定温度范围内能与氯气反应,生成易挥发的钼、钨氯化物与其它矿物分离;然后利用钼的氯化物易溶于水而钨氯化物易水解的差异,将钨与钼的氯化物在水溶液中分离,达到钨与钼分离的目的。
本发明的方法采用氯化法一步将钨钼精矿分解,然后利用钼、钨氯化物性质的差异,将钨与钼分离。该方法能处理不同钼钨含量的精矿,具有方法简单,试剂消耗量小等优点。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将WO3为6.32%、MoO3为29.86%的钨钼精矿100g和12g石油焦混合均匀,通入氯气进行沸腾焙烧,焙烧温度为550℃,焙烧时间为7.8小时,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加入水中,搅拌数0.6小时,过滤、洗涤;滤液1L,滤饼烘干21g,分析溶液中钼、钨元素含量,MoO3为27.12g/L、WO3为0.001g/L;滤饼中WO3为29.08%;经计算钼收率达到90.82%,钨收率达到96.62%。
实施例2
将WO3为6.32%、MoO3为29.86%的钨钼精矿100g和78g石油焦混合均匀,通入氯气进行沸腾焙烧,焙烧温度为950℃,焙烧时间为0.8小时,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加入水中,搅拌数4.6小时,过滤、洗涤;滤液1L,滤饼烘干21.5g,分析溶液中钼、钨元素含量,MoO3为29.42g/L、WO3为0.001g/L;滤饼中WO3为29.26%;经计算钼收率达到98.53%,钨收率达到99.54%。
实施例3
将WO3为26.32%、MoO3为19.86%的钨钼精矿100g和38g石油焦混合均匀,通入氯气进行氯化熔盐焙烧,焙烧温度为800℃,焙烧时间为3.0小时,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加入水中,搅拌数7.7小时,过滤、洗涤;滤液1L,滤饼烘干100.6g,分析溶液中钼元素含量,MoO3为19.42g/L;滤饼中WO3为25.58%;经计算钼收率达到97.78%,钨收率达到97.77%。
实施例4
将WO3为26.32%、MoO3为19.86%的钨钼精矿100g和38g无烟煤混合均匀,通入氯气进行氯化熔盐焙烧,焙烧温度为600℃,焙烧时间为6.0小时,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加入水中,搅拌数3.6小时,过滤、洗涤;滤液1L,滤饼烘干90.6g,分析溶液中钼元素含量,MoO3为18.93g/L;滤饼中WO3为28.12%;经计算钼收率达到95.32%,钨收率达到96.80%。
实施例5
将WO3为26.32%、MoO3为19.86%的钨钼精矿100g和58g活性炭混合均匀,通入氯气进行氯化熔盐焙烧,焙烧温度为700℃,焙烧时间为4.0小时,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加入水中,搅拌数6.0小时,过滤、洗涤;滤液1L,滤饼烘干96.7g,分析溶液中钼元素含量,MoO3为18.97g/L;滤饼中WO3为26.12%;经计算钼收率达到95.52%,钨收率达到95.97%。
实施例6
将WO3为63.32%、MoO3为3.86%的钨钼精矿100g和38g活性炭混合均匀,通入氯气进行回转窑焙烧,焙烧温度为900℃,焙烧时间为2.0小时,钼钨以氯化物的形式挥发,将钼钨氯化物收集后加入稀盐酸溶液中,搅拌数2.0小时,过滤、洗涤;滤液1L,滤饼烘干130.47g,分析溶液中钼元素含量,MoO3为3.72g/L;滤饼中WO3为48.12%;经计算钼收率达到96.32%,钨收率达到99.15%。

Claims (2)

1.一种从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法,所述钼钨精矿为钨矿物或钼矿物经过选矿所得的精矿,含WO35~30%,MoO315~30%,其特征是将钼钨精矿与还原剂按钼钨精矿∶还原剂的重量比为1∶0.1~0.8混合均匀,通入氯气进行氯化焙烧,焙烧温度为500~1000℃,焙烧时间为0.5~8小时,钼钨以氯化物形式挥发,收集钼钨氯化物后加入水或稀盐酸中,搅拌0.5~8小时,形成钨氯合物沉淀和钼氯合物溶液,过滤、洗涤后,钨与钼分离;所述还原剂为石油焦、无烟煤或活性炭。
2.根据权利要求1所述的从钼钨精矿中分离钼和钨的方法,其特征是所述的氯化焙烧为沸腾氯化焙烧、熔盐氯化焙烧或回转窑氯化焙烧。
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CN107254590B (zh) * 2017-06-30 2019-07-30 马鞍山华盛冶金科技发展有限公司 一种采用低品位钨钼矿冶炼钨钼铁合金的方法
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