CN102861663B - 一种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺 - Google Patents
一种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102861663B CN102861663B CN 201210376359 CN201210376359A CN102861663B CN 102861663 B CN102861663 B CN 102861663B CN 201210376359 CN201210376359 CN 201210376359 CN 201210376359 A CN201210376359 A CN 201210376359A CN 102861663 B CN102861663 B CN 102861663B
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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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Abstract
一种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺，属于煤炭破碎解离分选工艺。①以选煤厂中煤产品为原料，将中煤中>6mm粒级辊压破碎至6mm以下；②使用脱泥筛对<6mm粒级中煤脱泥，6~0.5mm粗粒级中煤进入三产品重介质旋流器，产物经两段脱介后得到重介精煤、中煤和矸石；③<0.5mm细粒级中煤与精煤磁选尾矿混合后采用分级旋流器组和高频筛脱出含高灰细泥的煤泥水，粗颗粒与中煤脱介筛筛上中煤混合进入球磨机湿磨；④磨后产物进入浮选柱进行浮选，泡沫精煤和尾煤分别经浓缩、压滤脱水后得到浮选精煤和尾煤产品。优点：预选脱出细粒级中的高灰细泥，降低了高灰细泥污染，减小了设备分选粒度范围，提高了设备的分选精度，并尽可能多地回收稀缺炼焦煤炭资源。
Description
—种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种煤炭破碎解离分选工艺，尤其涉及一种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺。
背景技术
[0002] 我国煤炭资源储量丰富，煤种齐全，但炼焦煤资源相对缺乏，约占27.6%。其中肥煤、焦煤和瘦煤三种炼焦煤分别占煤炭总资源量的3.75%,6.71%和4.17%。作为炼焦工业不可缺少的焦煤和肥煤属稀缺资源，目前的炼焦煤炭资源中去除高灰、高硫、难洗选和不能用于炼焦的部分，优质的焦煤和肥煤资源储量则更低。同时，目前我国多数的焦煤、肥煤洗选产生的中煤产品因灰分高、粘结性差等而被当成动力煤烧，降低了稀缺炼焦中煤资源的利用率。因此，必须有效地提高稀缺焦煤、肥煤资源的回收与利用率。近年来，随稀缺炼焦煤炭资源的不断减少和国家政策的扶持，稀缺炼焦中煤的回收利用显得十分迫切。
发明内容
[0003] 本发明的目的是提供一种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺，解决现有的稀缺炼焦中煤资源利用率较低的问题。
[0004] 本发明采用以下技术方案:以选煤厂中煤产品为原料，采用破磨解离、选前脱泥、粗细粒级两段分选回收的方法，按照以下步骤进行:
[0005] (I)利用除铁器除去稀缺中煤中的铁器杂物后，使用筛孔为6mm的分级筛对中煤进行分级，筛上物进入辊压破碎机，辊压破碎机入料粒度5(T6mm，出料粒度<6mm ；
[0006] (2)利用棍压破碎机对分级筛筛上>6mm粒级中煤进行破碎,破碎后的<6mm粒级中煤与分级筛筛下物一同进入脱泥筛，脱泥筛需添加喷淋循环水，循环水量不足时，以清水作为补充；
[0007] (3)利用筛孔为0.5mm的脱泥筛湿法脱除中煤中的细泥，6、.5mm粒级筛上物进
入三产品重介质旋流器进行分选，三产品重介质旋流器为两段式等密度重介质旋流器，一段进行旋流力场分选，二段进行强旋流精选；
[0008] (4)煤与合格介质的混合物在三产品重介质旋流器的旋流分选作用下，轻产物进入精煤脱介筛，中间产物进入中煤脱介筛，重产物进入矸石脱介筛，精煤脱介筛、中煤脱介筛和矸石脱介筛需添加喷淋循环水，循环水量不足时，以清水作为补充；
[0009] (5)精煤脱介筛一段脱出浓介质，二段脱出稀介质，筛上物成为重介精煤产品；利用精煤磁选机对稀介质进行磁选，磁选精矿与一段脱出的浓介质一同进入合格介质桶；
[0010] (6)中煤脱介筛一段脱出浓介质，二段脱出稀介质，筛上物进入球磨机；中煤脱介筛一段脱出的浓介质进入合格介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质进入中矸磁选机；
[0011] (7)矸石脱介筛一段脱出浓介质，二段脱出稀介质，筛上物成为矸石产品；矸石脱介筛一段脱出的浓介质进入合格介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质与中煤脱介筛二段脱出的稀介质一同进入中矸磁选机，利用中矸磁选机对稀介质进行磁选，磁选精矿进入合格介质桶，合格介质桶的合格介质用泵打至三产品重介质旋流器作为分选介质，通过补加介质或补加清水的方法调节合格介质桶的介质密度；
[0012] (8)脱泥筛筛下物与精煤磁选尾矿在煤泥桶中混合后，用泵打至分级旋流器组进行分级，预先脱除部分细泥，分级旋流器组溢流进入尾煤浓缩机，底流进入高频筛；
[0013] (9)利用高频筛进一步脱除分级旋流器组底流中部分含高灰细泥的煤泥水，筛上物进入球磨机，筛下物进入尾煤浓缩机；
[0014] (10)利用球磨机对高频筛筛上物与中煤脱介筛筛上中煤的混合物进行磨碎，磨后产物进入调浆桶；
[0015] (11)磨后产物与返回滤液及部分循环水在调浆桶进行调浆预处理后，进入浮选柱分选；
[0016] (12)在浮选柱分选作用下，浮选柱泡沫精煤进入精煤压滤机，尾煤进入尾煤浓缩机；
[0017] (13)使用精煤压滤机对浮选柱精煤进行脱水，脱水后产品即为精煤产品，滤液返回调浆桶；
[0018] (14)分级旋流器组溢流、高频筛筛下物、中矸磁选尾矿和浮选柱尾煤一起进入尾煤浓缩机，溢流进入循环水池，底流进入尾煤压滤机；
[0019] (15)使用尾煤压滤机对尾煤浓缩机底流进行脱水，压滤机产品即为尾煤产品，滤液进入循环水池。
[0020] 有益效果:由于采用了上述方案，对稀缺炼焦煤选煤厂的中煤产品采用了先破后磨-粗细粒级分别进行重介选和浮选两段回收工艺，有效实现了“多破少磨、分布释放、逐级回收”的理念。将中煤破碎至<6mm粒级，使粗粒级的煤与矿物质连生体发生解离，6、.5mm粒级中煤采用技术成熟的三产品重介质旋流器，即两段式等密度重介质旋流器进行分选，提高了粗粒级的分选精度；〈0.5mm的细粒级采用分级旋流器组预先脱除大量的高灰细泥，减少了高灰细泥对浮选的污染，旋流器组底流使用高频筛进一步脱出部分含高灰细泥的煤泥水，调节球磨机入料浓度与粒度组成，采用球磨机磨煤，使细粒级中的煤与矿物质连生体进一步解离，采用适合于微细粒级分选的浮选柱对其进行浮选，大大提高了细粒精煤的分选精度和回收率。
[0021] 优点:采用两段回收工艺，预选脱出细粒级中的高灰细泥，降低了高灰细泥污染，减小了设备分选粒度范围，提高了设备的分选精度，并尽可能多地回收稀缺炼焦煤炭资源，增加经济、社会和生态效益。
附图说明
[0022] 图1是本发明实施的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
[0023] 实施例1:图1中，稀缺煤炭选煤厂中煤产品通过胶带输送机机头附近的除铁器，除去铁器杂物，进入筛孔为6_的分级筛，粒度>6_的筛上物进入辊压破碎机，破碎产物与分级筛筛下物混合后进入筛孔为0.5mm的湿法脱泥筛，湿法脱泥筛筛上物与合格介质混合后，用泵打至三产品重介质旋流器，轻产物进入精煤脱介筛，一段脱出的浓介质进入合格介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质进入精煤磁选机，磁选精矿进入合格介质桶，尾矿进入煤泥桶，筛上物即为重介精煤产品；三产品重介质旋流器的中间产物进入中煤脱介筛，一段脱出的浓介质进入合格介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质进入中矸磁选机，磁选精矿进入合格介质桶，尾矿进入尾煤浓缩机，筛上物进入球磨机；三产品重介质旋流器的重产物进入矸石脱介筛，一段脱出的浓介质进入合格介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质进入中矸磁选机，磁选精矿进入合格介质桶，尾矿进入尾煤浓缩机，筛上物即为矸石产品；脱泥筛筛下物在煤泥桶中与精煤磁选机尾矿混合后，用泵打至分级旋流器组，溢流进入尾煤浓缩机，底流进入高频筛，高频筛筛下物进入尾煤浓缩机，筛上物与中煤脱介筛筛上中煤进入球磨机，球磨机出料与返回滤液及部分稀释循环水进入调浆桶，经调浆预处理后进入浮选柱，浮选柱尾煤进入尾煤浓缩机，精煤进入精煤压滤机，压滤机产品即为浮选精煤，滤液返回调浆桶；尾煤浓缩机溢流进入循环水池，底流进入尾煤压滤机，尾煤压滤机滤液进入循环水池，压滤机产品即为尾煤产品。
[0024] 在脱泥和脱介过程中需加喷淋循环水，当循环水池中的水量不足时，以清水作为补充。当精煤、中煤和矸石脱出的浓介质和磁选精矿进入合格介质桶引起介质密度变化时，可通过补加介质或补加清水的方法进行调整。
Claims (1)
1.一种稀缺炼焦中煤的破磨解离和重浮选两段回收工艺，其特征是，以选煤厂中煤产品为原料，采用破磨解离、选前脱泥、粗细粒级两段分选回收的方法，按照以下步骤进行: (1)利用除铁器除去稀缺中煤中的铁器杂物后，使用筛孔为6_的分级筛对中煤进行分级，筛上物进入辊压破碎机，辊压破碎机入料粒度5(T6mm，出料粒度<6mm ； (2)利用辊压破碎机对分级筛筛上>6mm粒级中煤进行破碎，破碎后的<6mm粒级中煤与分级筛筛下物一同进入脱泥筛，脱泥筛需添加喷淋循环水，循环水量不足时，以清水作为补充； (3)利用筛孔为0.5mm的脱泥筛湿法脱除中煤中的细泥，6、.5mm粒级筛上物进入三产品重介质旋流器进行分选，三产品重介质旋流器为两段式等密度重介质旋流器，一段进行旋流力场分选，二段进行强旋流精选； (4) 6^0.5mm粒级筛上物与合格介质的混合物在三产品重介质旋流器的旋流分选作用下，轻产物进入精煤脱介筛，中间产物进入中煤脱介筛，重产物进入矸石脱介筛，精煤脱介筛、中煤脱介筛和矸石脱介筛需添加喷淋循环水，循环水量不足时，以清水作为补充； (5)精煤脱介筛一段脱出浓介质，二段脱出稀介质，筛上物成为重介精煤产品；利用精煤磁选机对稀介质进行磁选，磁选精矿与一段脱出的浓介质一同进入合格介质桶； (6)中煤脱介筛一段脱出浓介质，二段脱出稀介质，筛上物进入球磨机；中煤脱介筛一段脱出的浓介质进入合格 介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质进入中矸磁选机； (7)矸石脱介筛一段脱出浓介质，二段脱出稀介质，筛上物成为矸石产品；矸石脱介筛一段脱出的浓介质进入合格介质桶，二段脱出的稀介质与中煤脱介筛二段脱出的稀介质一同进入中矸磁选机，利用中矸磁选机对稀介质进行磁选，磁选精矿进入合格介质桶，合格介质桶的合格介质用泵打至三产品重介质旋流器作为分选介质，通过补加介质或补加清水的方法调节合格介质桶的介质密度； (8)脱泥筛筛下物与精煤磁选尾矿在煤泥桶中混合后，用泵打至分级旋流器组进行分级，预先脱除部分细泥，分级旋流器组溢流进入尾煤浓缩机，底流进入高频筛； (9)利用高频筛进一步脱除分级旋流器组底流中部分含高灰细泥的煤泥水，筛上物进入球磨机，筛下物进入尾煤浓缩机； (10)利用球磨机对高频筛筛上物与中煤脱介筛筛上中煤的混合物进行磨碎，磨后产物进入调浆桶； (11)磨后产物与返回滤液及部分循环水在调浆桶进行调浆预处理后，进入浮选柱分选; (12)在浮选柱分选作用下，浮选柱泡沫精煤进入精煤压滤机，尾煤进入尾煤浓缩机； (13)使用精煤压滤机对浮选柱精煤进行脱水，脱水后产品即为精煤产品，滤液返回调浆桶； (14)分级旋流器组溢流、高频筛筛下物、中煤磁尾和浮选柱尾煤一起进入尾煤浓缩机，溢流进入循环水池，底流进入尾煤压滤机； (15)使用尾煤压滤机对尾煤浓缩机底流进行脱水，压滤机产品即为尾煤产品，滤液进入循环水池。
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| CN103143432B (zh) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-07-16 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种炼焦煤重选中煤的高效破碎和三段式分选方法 |
| CN103386355B (zh) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-10-14 | 侯英 | 一种中煤的高压辊选择性粉碎和分选方法 |
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