CN102850107A - Sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer and its preparation method and use - Google Patents
Sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer and its preparation method and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN102850107A CN102850107A CN2012102858380A CN201210285838A CN102850107A CN 102850107 A CN102850107 A CN 102850107A CN 2012102858380 A CN2012102858380 A CN 2012102858380A CN 201210285838 A CN201210285838 A CN 201210285838A CN 102850107 A CN102850107 A CN 102850107A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer and its preparation method and use. The sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer comprises: by weight, 0.0 to 21.9% of ammonium sulfate, 12.6 to 28.1% of urea, 5.5 to 10.0% of monoammonium phosphate, 11.9 to 20.0% of calcium superphosphate and 40.0 to 50.0% of potassium sulfate. The preparation method comprises the following steps of respectively weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio, mixing, crushing the mixture, putting the crushed mixture into a stirrer, and uniformly mixing by stirring to obtain the sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer. Based on nutritional characteristics of a sweet potato in growth and special requirements on a soil environment and a fertilizer, the sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer is obtained by reasonably mixing. The sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer has a reasonable nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio and does not contain chlorine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agriculture production fertilizer, particularly a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato.
Background technology
Along with the sustainable growth of China's national economy, continuous adjustment and the optimization of agricultural structure, sweet potato is appeared suddenly day by day in the effect that ensures national food safety and energy security.It is large that sweet potato not only has cultivated area, the advantage that yield potential is large, and also nourishing function is good, and Transform efficiency is high, except being used as feed and protective foods, or desirable starch resource and energy crop.The sweet potato strength of combatting natural disaster is strong, and is drought-enduring, barren-resistant, and Hills also can be planted, general in the wide range of China's plantation, and south gets Hainan Province, north to western Sichuan mountain area and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, all has distribution to Heilungkiang.
The well developed root system of sweet potato, and the climing sprawl growth of stem, stipes can be met autochthonal, and fertilizer sucting ability is very strong.The main absorbed nitrogen of sweet potato, phosphorus and potash fertilizer, its requirement is maximum with potassium, and nitrogen takes second place, and phosphorus occupies the 3rd.1000 kilograms of bright potatos of every product need 3.72 kilograms in nitrogen (N), 1.72 kilograms in phosphorus (P2O5), 6.70 kilograms in potassium (K2O) according to the study, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is about 1:0.5:1.80.
Nitrogen can promote the sweet potato leaves and stems growth, enlarges the photosynthesis area, thereby increases photosynthetic capacity, directly increases vine yield.Under-supply such as nitrogenous fertilizer, cauline leaf poor growth then, leaf area is little, and is light, and plant strain growth is bad, finally affects output.But applied nitrogen is excessive or excessively late, then causes easily the remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe overgrowing of cauline leaf, and the knot potato is bad, affects output
Phosphorus can be accelerated the synthetic and running of sweet potato nutrient, improves potato piece quality, and it is little to lack phosphorus stem spire, and leaf color is dark green lackluster, and macula lutea appears in aged blade, and later purpling comes off.
Potassium can promote that the form layers of sweet potato root is movable, thereby the piece root is constantly expanded, and at the middle and late growth stage, potash fertilizer can play the synthetic and running ability that improves the sweet potato carbohydrate, promotes the piece root to expand, increase weight and improves the effect of quality.Growth potassium deficiency in early stage, the plant internode is short, and blade is little, and does not unfold on the blade face; The middle and late growth stage potassium element is not enough, cauline leaf poor growth, serious blade yellow.Sweet potato happiness potassium, Potassium all has obvious effect to yield and quality.
Sweet potato is avoided chlorine, uses chloride chemical fertilizer and surpasses when a certain amount of, and potato piece starch content is reduced, and potato piece storage tolerance not.
At present, the systematic study of China sweet potato fertilizer practice aspect is also few, and fertilising is seldom considered the nutritional characteristic of sweet potato and inhale fertile rule blindly that it is on the high side to show as nitrogen phosphorus, and potassium is not enough.
Simultaneously, do not consider that also potassium is fear-chlorion crop, it is improper that fertilizer variety is selected, and the multiplex Repone K of potash fertilizer brings certain influence to quality and yield.Therefore sweet potato fertilising can be on the basis of surveying soil, accomplishes that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are reasonably combined, reduces a mu fertilizer application amount to reach, and saves production cost and increasing both production and income.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the prior art existing problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato and its preparation method and application, special fertilizer for sweet potato is the nutritive property according to growth of sweet potato, and the happiness calcium of edatope and fertilizer avoided the particular requirements such as chlorine, obtain the not chloride a kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato of a kind of nitrogen phosphorus potassium reasonable ratio by reasonable blending.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of special fertilizer for sweet potato comprises the component of following weight percent:
Ammonium sulfate 0.0-21.9%, urea 12.6-28.1%, monoammonium phosphate 5.5-10.0%, calcium superphosphate 11.9-20.0%, vitriolate of tartar 40.0-50.0%.
Above-mentioned special fertilizer for sweet potato contains effective total nutrient 37.05-46.03%, nitrogenous (N) 11.0-14.026% wherein, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P2O5) 6.05-7.004%, potassium oxide (K2O) 20.0-25.0%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned special fertilizer for sweet potato, the method comprises the steps:
1) according to the proportioning raw materials weighing, for subsequent use;
2) with above-mentioned each raw material co-grinding, put into agitator and mix, namely make the powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato.
In step 2) finish after, with described powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato oven dry, bake out temperature is 60-80 ℃, through granulator granulation, i.e. granulation shape special fertilizer for sweet potato.
The application of above-mentioned special fertilizer for sweet potato in producing sweet potato.
Described special fertilizer for sweet potato is made base manure or the usefulness of topdressing early stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields every mu of consumption 30-40 kilogram.
Special fertilizer for sweet potato of the present invention has following advantage:
1, take into full account the nutritional characteristic of sweet potato and inhale fertile rule, the nutrition of phosphorus element promotes Root growth, and is relevant with the bud differentiation flower bud development, also can improve the cold hardiness of seedling; Potassium improves disease resistance and sugar degree; Proportion of N and K fertilizer can improve quality within the specific limits, crosses the high or low nutritive props imbalance that all causes, and causes the center pol to descend.Improve the sweet potato quality, must pay attention to each nutrient proportioning of fertilizer, imposing potash fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer ratio, to impose phosphate fertilizer effective.Sweet potato is maximum to the potassium absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in the whole period of growing, and nitrogen takes second place, and phosphorus is minimum.Comprehensive all kinds of research, 1000 kilograms of sweet potato fruits of every production need 3.5 kilograms in nitrogen, 1.1 kilograms in phosphorus, 6.5 kilograms in potassium.
2, calcium superphosphate not only contains phosphorus but also contain calcium in the special fertilizer for sweet potato, and calcium can prevent that the sweet potato navel is rotten, ftracture, increases the hardness of fruit.Be added with simultaneously zinc sulfate, borax, zinc is comparatively remarkable to the little leaf disease effect of rescuing sweet potato, and boron can promote the sweet potato fertilization, improves fruit-setting rate and output.
3, very responsive to chlorine according to sweet potato, should control the use of chloride chemical fertilizer.The multiplex phosphorus ammonium of the source of manure, urea, vitriolate of tartar etc. are used general calcium, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride less.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below by specific embodiment; should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some modification and improvement, these also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
In the following examples: 46% is nitrogen content in the urea (46%); Monoammonium phosphate (N11-P
2O
551) N11-P in
2O
551 refer to nitrogenous 11%, contain P
2O
551%; Calcium superphosphate (P
2O
516%) 16% refers to contain P in
2O
516%; Vitriolate of tartar (K
2O 50%) in 50% refer to contain potassium oxide 50%.
Embodiment 1: 1000 kilograms of preparation special fertilizer for sweet potato
Claim raw material urea (46%) 281kg, monoammonium phosphate (N11-P by proportioning
2O
551) 100kg, calcium superphosphate (P
2O
516%) 119 kg, vitriolate of tartar (K
2O 50%) 500kg, with the above-mentioned raw materials co-grinding, prevent mixing in the agitator, namely make the powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato, again with the granulation of powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato process, and under 60-80 ℃ of temperature, dry, cooled off the classification roto-sifter (finished particle diameter 2-4mm), particulate state special fertilizer for sweet potato 2.The available nutrient total content is 46.03 % in the special fertilizer for sweet potato 2, nitrogenous (N) 14.026% wherein, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P
2O
5) 7.004%, potassium oxide (K
2O) 25%.
Described special fertilizer for sweet potato is made base manure or the usefulness of topdressing early stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields every mu of consumption 30-40 kilogram.
1000 kilograms of embodiment 2 preparation special fertilizer for sweet potato
Claim raw material sulphuric acid ammonium 219 kg, urea (46%) 126kg, monoammonium phosphate (N11-P by proportioning
2O
551) 55kg, calcium superphosphate (P
2O
516%) 200 kg, vitriolate of tartar (K
2O50%) 400kg, with the above-mentioned raw materials co-grinding, prevent mixing in the agitator, namely make the powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato, again with the granulation of powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato process, and under 60-80 ℃ of temperature, dry, cooled off the classification roto-sifter (finished particle diameter 2-4mm), particulate state special fertilizer for sweet potato 2.The available nutrient total content is 37.05 % in the special fertilizer for sweet potato 2, nitrogenous (N) 11.0% wherein, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P
2O
5) 6.05%, potassium oxide (K
2O) 20%.
Described special fertilizer for sweet potato is made base manure or the usefulness of topdressing early stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields every mu of consumption 30-40 kilogram.
1000 kilograms of embodiment 3 preparation special fertilizer for sweet potato
Claim raw material sulphuric acid ammonium 170 kg, urea (46%) 180kg, monoammonium phosphate (N11-P by proportioning
2O
551) 80kg, calcium superphosphate (P
2O
516%) 130 kg, vitriolate of tartar (K
2O50%) 440kg, with the above-mentioned raw materials co-grinding, prevent mixing in the agitator, namely make the powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato, again with the granulation of powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato process, and under 60-80 ℃ of temperature, dry, cooled off the classification roto-sifter (finished particle diameter 2-4mm), particulate state special fertilizer for sweet potato 2.The available nutrient total content is 40.89 % in the special fertilizer for sweet potato 2, nitrogenous (N) 12.73% wherein, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P
2O
5) 6.16%, potassium oxide (K
2O) 22%.
Described special fertilizer for sweet potato is made base manure or the usefulness of topdressing early stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields every mu of consumption 30-40 kilogram.
Adopt the experiment and demonstration effect of resulting fertilizer special for watermelon in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province following (seeing the following form) among the embodiment 3:
Claims (5)
1. a special fertilizer for sweet potato is characterized in that, comprises the component of following weight percent:
Ammonium sulfate 0.0-21.9%, urea 12.6-28.1%, monoammonium phosphate 5.5-10.0%, calcium superphosphate 11.9-20.0%, vitriolate of tartar 40.0-50.0%.
2. the preparation method of special fertilizer for sweet potato according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
1) according to proportioning raw materials weighing ammonium sulfate, urea, monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, vitriolate of tartar, for subsequent use;
2) with above-mentioned each raw material co-grinding, put into agitator and mix, namely make the powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato.
3. the preparation method of special fertilizer for sweet potato according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in step 2) finish after, with described powdery special fertilizer for sweet potato oven dry, bake out temperature is 60-80 ℃, through granulator granulation, i.e. granulation shape special fertilizer for sweet potato.
4. the application of special fertilizer for sweet potato according to claim 1 in producing sweet potato.
5. application according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described special fertilizer for sweet potato is made base manure or the usefulness of topdressing early stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields every mu of consumption 30-40 kilogram.
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| CN2012102858380A CN102850107A (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Sweet potato special-purpose fertilizer and its preparation method and use |
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Family
ID=47397149
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103408357A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | Compound fertilizer special for sweet potatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN103755422A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-30 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Application of potassic fertilizer in preventing and treating root rot of sweet potato |
| CN103787722A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-14 | 徐州市农业科学院 | Sweet potato water culture nutrient solution formula for winter greenhouse stem tip vegetables and usage method thereof, |
| CN104230575A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 广西博白县琼达农业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for sweet potato |
| CN106717722A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 张恩荣 | A kind of chromium-rich sweet potato interplants the cultural method of Chinese mesona herb |
| CN109180279A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of sugar-containing type special fertilizer for sweet potato and preparation method thereof |
| CN109467478A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南省作物研究所 | A kind of compound fertilizer being suitable for Red Soil Region of South China sweet potato and preparation method and application |
| CN109717037A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato that starch quality is high and its implantation methods |
| CN116768671A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-19 | 南充市农业科学院 | A formula of special sweet potato fertilizer and its preparation method |
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| CN1298851A (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2001-06-13 | 普兰店市生物有机肥料厂 | Multi-element long-acting compound fertilizer |
| CN101037370A (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2007-09-19 | 济南神力工贸有限公司 | Whole-fertilizer compound fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN101503318A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-12 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1298851A (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2001-06-13 | 普兰店市生物有机肥料厂 | Multi-element long-acting compound fertilizer |
| CN101037370A (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2007-09-19 | 济南神力工贸有限公司 | Whole-fertilizer compound fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN101503318A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-12 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103408357A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | Compound fertilizer special for sweet potatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408357B (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | Compound fertilizer special for sweet potatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN103755422A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-30 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Application of potassic fertilizer in preventing and treating root rot of sweet potato |
| CN103787722A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-14 | 徐州市农业科学院 | Sweet potato water culture nutrient solution formula for winter greenhouse stem tip vegetables and usage method thereof, |
| CN103787722B (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-12 | 徐州市农业科学院 | Winter booth stem apex dish sweet potato Nourishing Formulations for Water Cultivation and using method thereof |
| CN104230575A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 广西博白县琼达农业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for sweet potato |
| CN106717722A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 张恩荣 | A kind of chromium-rich sweet potato interplants the cultural method of Chinese mesona herb |
| CN109180279A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of sugar-containing type special fertilizer for sweet potato and preparation method thereof |
| CN109467478A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南省作物研究所 | A kind of compound fertilizer being suitable for Red Soil Region of South China sweet potato and preparation method and application |
| CN109717037A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato that starch quality is high and its implantation methods |
| CN116768671A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-19 | 南充市农业科学院 | A formula of special sweet potato fertilizer and its preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20130102 |