CN102847961A - Intelligent cutter of integrated small three-way cutting force measurement system - Google Patents
Intelligent cutter of integrated small three-way cutting force measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102847961A CN102847961A CN2012103890256A CN201210389025A CN102847961A CN 102847961 A CN102847961 A CN 102847961A CN 2012103890256 A CN2012103890256 A CN 2012103890256A CN 201210389025 A CN201210389025 A CN 201210389025A CN 102847961 A CN102847961 A CN 102847961A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent cutter of an integrated small three-way cutting force measurement system, belonging to the fields of ultraprecise cutting machining and cutting force measurement and real-time monitoring. The intelligent cutter can realize the real-time sensing measurement of small three-way cutting force in the ultraprecise machining process. The intelligent cutter mainly comprises a cutter bar, a cutting blade, a cutting force measurement system, a sealing cover and a signal interface end, wherein the upper surface of the cutting blade coincides with the central surface of the main body of the cutter bar; the cutter tip is positioned in the center of the main body of the cutter bar; the front end of the main body of the cutter bar is provided with a sensing measurement section; the small three-way cutting force measurement system is fixedly connected in a force measurement cavity of the sensing measurement section; the signal interface end is arranged at the back end of the cutter bar and is used for realizing signal output; and in the cutting machining process, a sensing unit senses the strain and displacement generated under the effect of the three-way cutting force to acquire a corresponding signal, and the small three-way cutting force is accurately computed through calibration and decoupling. The invention is used for related scientific researches in the field of ultraprecise machining and real-time monitoring and self-adaptive machining in the cutting process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ultra-precision machining and cutting force measurement thereof and Real-Time Monitoring field, be particularly related to the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system.
Background technology
Cutting force is as stable and the most reliable information source in the process, and interactional situation and the surface of the work forming process of cutter and workpiece in the working angles reacted in its size and dynamic change.The experimental results shows, the reacting condition that each minor variations of cutting state can both be by cutting force out detects cutting force and is at present research both at home and abroad and use one of maximum monitoring process method.By the real-time change of monitoring process cutting force, process through Time-Series analysis or its relevant data-signal, just can be used for carrying out the research of working angles related scientific issues, such as cutting scheme research, Parameters Analysis, material Study on Cutting Performance etc.; Optimizing machining technology process parameter improves crudy; Carry out new-type cutter design and cutter coat exploitation and Tool in Cutting performance evaluation; Carry out assessment and the early warning of working angles Real-Time Monitoring, tool wear and destruction and realize adaptive machining.
At present, Analysis on Mechanism at Ultra-precision machining, Parameters Analysis, precision cutting tool design and research and development, the working angles Real-Time Monitoring, large surface quality uniformity machining control, in the research such as cutting with invariableness cutting force and adaptive machining, the most reliable and the practical way of small cutting force measurement still is to utilize existing dynamometer to measure, but because existing equipment is complicated, expensive, the system equipment volume is larger, be unfavorable for installing, need in use will change more or less original parts of lathe, affect the overall permanence of lathe, particularly the negative effect to Ultra-precision CNC Machine rigidity and precision generation is larger, and in precision cutting processing, and be subject to self dynamic characteristic and level of sensitivity, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of small cutting force in the accurately precise engineering surveying processing, restricted the related science research of ultraprecise manufacture field and Real-Time Monitoring and self-adapting intelligent processing development and the industrialization of working angles.
Summary of the invention
The intelligent tool that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system, measurement device and instrument for small cutting force exists cost high in the ultraprecise process to solve, volume is large, the impact of the limited and stiffness degradation that brings of installing space, the industrialization practicality is not enough and can't satisfy the ultraprecise processed and applied to the requirement of certainty of measurement and sensitivity, has restricted the problems such as working angles Real-Time Monitoring and self-adapting intelligent processed and applied.
Intelligent tool of the present invention merges small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system and cutter in one by being integrated in the small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system in the intelligent tool knife bar, realizes the autonomous Real-Time Monitoring of small three-dimensional cutting force in the precision cutting process.Small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system carries out perception by four groups of same strain perception unit to physical quantitys such as the corresponding strain that produces or displacements under the effect of three-dimensional cutting force, obtain corresponding perceptual signal, and by the signal of perception being demarcated the solution idol, realize accurately finding the solution of small three-dimensional cutting force.The present invention can satisfy the needs of ultraprecise process working angles Real-Time Monitoring, large surface quality uniformity machining control, cutting with invariableness cutting force, self-adapting intelligent processing and ultra precision cutting Analysis on Mechanism, Parameters Analysis, precision cutting tool design and researchp.
Realize above-mentioned purpose, concrete technical scheme of the present invention:
The intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system, described intelligent tool comprises knife bar and cutting tip, described intelligent tool also comprises small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system, seal cover and signaling interface end; Described knife bar is comprised of changeover portion three parts of cutter head, knife bar main body and connection cutter head and knife bar main body; Described cutting tip is installed on the cutter head, and the point of a knife of cutting tip is positioned on the center line of knife bar main body, and the upper surface of cutting tip overlaps setting with knife bar main center face; The front end of described knife bar main body is provided with the perception measuring section; Described perception measuring section is provided with the dynamometry cavity; Described small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system is fixed in the dynamometry cavity of perception measuring section; The rear end of described knife bar main body is provided with slotted hole vertically, and the perception measuring section is provided with the wire guide that is communicated with slotted hole; There is the signaling interface end slotted hole rear end of knife bar main body.
Described perception measuring section is comprised of two encapsulation sections and eight prism structure sections between two encapsulation sections, the center line of eight prism structure sections and two encapsulation sections all with the central lines of knife bar main body; The side, four intervals of eight sides of described eight prism structure sections is the perception side, and all the other four sides in eight sides of eight prism structure sections except four perception sides are auxiliary side; Seal cover is fixed in the lateral surface that two encapsulation sections are positioned at same side.
Small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system comprises four perception unit, four perception unit and the one by one corresponding setting of four perception sides, and the perception cellular installation is fixed in the center of perception side.
Respectively be provided with a wire guide that is communicated with described slotted hole on four auxiliary sides.
Described four perception sides are symmetrically distributed with knife bar main center face, and auxiliary side becomes miter angle with the perception side.
Described perception unit is single-sensor or at least two sensor arrays that sensor forms.
Described perception unit is resistance strain type sensor, piezoresistive transducer, piezocrystal sensor, capacitance gage, micro-displacement sensor or surface acoustic wave sensor.
The present invention with respect to the beneficial effect of prior art is:
One, intelligent tool of the present invention realizes that cutter is changed to intelligentized perceptron by the single actuator of machining, realize small three-dimensional cutting force in the processing of Precision Machining and self-real-time perception, realize online real-time perception monitoring and ultraprecise self-adapting intelligent process requirements.
Two, to have solved in the past in the Precision Machining dynamometer sensor-based system measuring accuracy and sensitivity not enough for intelligent tool of the present invention, system complex, price is high, install and physical dimension limited, and affect precision machine tool and process the problems such as dynamic property and industrialization difficulty.
Three, intelligent tool of the present invention has simple and compact for structurely, simple and easy to use, can measure small three-dimensional cutting force in the ultraprecise processing, measures highly sensitive.The present invention well satisfies the needs of ultraprecise process working angles Real-Time Monitoring, large surface quality uniformity machining control, cutting with invariableness cutting force, adaptive machining and ultra precision cutting Analysis on Mechanism, Parameters Analysis, precision cutting tool design, detection and performance study.The present invention can be applied in the Real-Time Monitoring and adaptive machining of related science research, working angles of ultraprecise manufacture field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the assembling stereogram of intelligent tool of the present invention, and cutting tip is replaceable;
Fig. 2 illustrates the assembling plan view of intelligent tool of the present invention, cutting tip and cutter head welding;
Fig. 3 illustrates the top view of intelligent tool of the present invention, and cutting tip is replaceable, and the perception measuring section is comprised of two encapsulation sections and eight prism structure sections between two encapsulation sections;
Fig. 4 illustrates the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 illustrates the B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 illustrates the stereogram of knife bar among Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 illustrates the cross sectional view of the perception measuring section of knife bar among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 (a) illustrates the perception cellular installation in the cross sectional view of perception side;
Fig. 8 (b) illustrates the schematic diagram of the deployment scenarios of single-sensor shown in Fig. 8 (a);
Fig. 8 (c) illustrates the schematic diagram of the deployment scenarios of two sensors shown in Fig. 8 (a).
Among the figure, knife bar 1, small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system 2, cutting tip 3, seal cover 4, signaling interface end 5, cutter head 1a, changeover portion 1b, knife bar main body 1c, encapsulation section 1ca, eight prism structure section 1cs, perception side 6a, auxiliary side 6b, perception unit 2a, slotted hole 11, wire guide 12a, blade are installed screwed hole 13, detachable blade is installed groove 14.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: such as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4, the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system, described intelligent tool comprises knife bar 1 and cutting tip 3, and described intelligent tool also comprises small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system 2, seal cover 4 and signaling interface end 5; Described knife bar 1 is comprised of changeover portion 1b three parts of cutter head 1a, knife bar main body 1c and connection cutter head 1a and knife bar main body 1c; Described cutting tip 3 is installed on the cutter head 1a, and the point of a knife of cutting tip 3 is positioned on the center line of knife bar main body 1c, and the upper surface of cutting tip 3 overlaps setting with knife bar main body 1c median plane; The front end of described knife bar main body 1c is provided with the perception measuring section; Described perception measuring section is provided with the dynamometry cavity; Described small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system 2 is fixed in the dynamometry cavity of perception measuring section; The rear end of described knife bar main body 1c is provided with slotted hole 11 vertically, and the perception measuring section is provided with the wire guide 12a that is communicated with slotted hole 11; There is signaling interface end 5 slotted hole 11 rear ends of knife bar main body 1c.
The signal data that transmission exchange perception unit is measured, intelligent tool can be built-in or outer signal process and analytical system, further merge with machine tool control system, be used for intelligentized processing monitoring and control.Cutting tip 3 preferred diamond blades.
The specific embodiment two: such as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 7, the intelligent tool of the described a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement of the specific embodiment one system, described perception measuring section is comprised of two encapsulation section 1ca and eight prism structure section 1cs between two encapsulation section 1ca, the center line of eight prism structure section 1cs and two encapsulation section 1ca all with the central lines of knife bar main body 1c; The cross section of encapsulation section 1ca is square, the cross section of encapsulation section 1ca is less than the cross section of knife bar main body 1c, the cross section of eight prism structure section 1cs is less than the cross section of encapsulation section 1ca, thereby form the coconnected dynamometry cavity in knife bar week side, four intervals side 6a of eight sides of described eight prism structure section 1cs is the perception side, all the other four sides in eight sides of eight prism structure section 1cs except four perception side 6a are auxiliary side 6b, and the lateral surface that two encapsulation section 1ca are positioned at same side is affixed by screw or epoxide-resin glue and seal cover 4; Described small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system 2 comprises four perception unit 2a, four perception unit 2a and one by one corresponding setting of four perception side 6a, perception unit 2a is fixed in the center of perception side 6a, respectively is provided with a wire guide 12a who is communicated with described slotted hole 11 on four auxiliary side 6b.
The specific embodiment three: such as Figure 6 and Figure 7, the intelligent tool of the described a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement of the specific embodiment two system, described four perception side 6a are symmetrically distributed with knife bar main body 1c median plane, and auxiliary side 6b becomes the miter angle setting with perception side 6a.
The specific embodiment four: shown in Fig. 8 a-Fig. 8 c, the intelligent tool of the specific embodiment two or three described a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement systems, described perception unit 2a is single-sensor or at least two sensor arrays that sensor forms.
The specific embodiment five: as shown in Figure 5, the intelligent tool of the specific embodiment two or three described a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement systems, described perception unit 2a is resistance strain type sensor, piezoresistive transducer, piezocrystal sensor, capacitance gage, micro-displacement sensor or surface acoustic wave sensor.
The specific embodiment six: such as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 6, the intelligent tool of the described a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement of the specific embodiment one system, the front end of described cutter head 1a upper surface is provided with detachable blade groove 14 is installed, the bottom surface that detachable blade is installed groove 14 is provided with screwed hole 13, detachable blade is installed groove 14 interior couplings removable cutting tip 3 is housed, and cutting tip 3 is fixedly mounted on the cutter head 1a by the screw that is fastenedly connected with screwed hole 13; Described cutting tip 3 can also be installed on Type of Welding the upper surface of cutter head 1a.
The intelligent tool that is integrated with small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system of the present invention, solved that measurement device and the instrument for small three-dimensional cutting force exists cost high in the ultraprecise process, volume is large, the negative effect of the limited and stiffness degradation that brings of installing space.Intelligent tool has been broken the single actuator function that cutter only is used for machining, the realization cutter is intelligent, and compact conformation, combine together with knife bar, do not have ledge on the knife bar, conveniently use and install, industrialization is practical, have high precision and sensitivity, satisfy the ability of the requirement of ultraprecise processed and applied.
Three-dimensional power: in cutting force, refer to that total resultant tool force F is decomposed into three orthogonal cutting component according to rectangular coordinate system in space.As shown in Figure 1, normal conditions, Fx is centripetal force, also claims axial thrust load, feed component; Fy is back force, also claims radial component, penetration of a cutting tool power; Fz is main cutting force, also claims tangential component.
Operation principle
Sensor is based on and has corresponding physical effect (changing such as change in electrical charge, resistance variations, voltage change, frequency change, phase place) principle.Under load, sensor produces and the proportional electric charge of suffered mechanical load, resistance, voltage, frequency and phase place etc.; Load change, the corresponding corresponding change of physical quantity solves magnitude of load by the idol that urines of measuring the respective physical amount.
Claims (7)
1. the intelligent tool of an integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system, described intelligent tool comprises knife bar (1) and cutting tip (3), it is characterized in that: described intelligent tool also comprises small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system (2), seal cover (4) and signaling interface end (5); Described knife bar (1) is comprised of changeover portion (1b) three parts of cutter head (1a), knife bar main body (1c) and connection cutter head (1a) and knife bar main body (1c); Described cutting tip (3) is installed on the cutter head (1a), and the point of a knife of cutting tip (3) is positioned on the center line of knife bar main body (1c), and the upper surface of cutting tip (3) overlaps setting with knife bar main body (1c) median plane; The front end of described knife bar main body (1c) is provided with the perception measuring section; Described perception measuring section is provided with the dynamometry cavity; Described small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system (2) is fixed in the dynamometry cavity of perception measuring section; The rear end of described knife bar main body (1c) is provided with slotted hole (11) vertically, and the perception measuring section is provided with the wire guide (12a) that is communicated with slotted hole (11); There is signaling interface end (5) slotted hole (11) rear end of knife bar main body (1c).
2. the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described perception measuring section is comprised of two encapsulation sections (1ca) and the eight prism structure sections (1cs) that are positioned between two encapsulation sections (1ca), the center line of eight prism structure sections (1cs) and two encapsulation sections (1ca) all with the central lines of knife bar main body (1c); The side, four intervals (6a) of eight sides of described eight prism structure sections (1cs) is the perception side, and all the other four sides in eight sides of eight prism structure sections (1cs) except four perception sides (6a) are auxiliary side (6b); Seal cover (4) is fixed in the lateral surface that two encapsulation sections (1ca) are positioned at same side.
3. the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement as claimed in claim 2 system, it is characterized in that: small three-dimensional cutting force measurement system (2) comprises four perception unit (2a), four perception unit (2a) and one by one corresponding setting of four perception sides (6a), perception unit (2a) installs the center that is fixed in perception side (6a).
4. the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement as claimed in claim 2 system is characterized in that: respectively be provided with a wire guide (12a) that is communicated with described slotted hole (11) on four auxiliary sides (6b).
5. such as the intelligent tool of claim 2,3 or 4 described a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement systems, it is characterized in that: described four perception sides (6a) are symmetrically distributed with knife bar main body (1c) median plane, and auxiliary side (6b) becomes miter angle with perception side (6a).
6. the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described perception unit (2a) is single-sensor or at least two sensor arrays that sensor forms.
7. the intelligent tool of a kind of integrated small three-dimensional cutting force measurement as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described perception unit (2a) is resistance strain type sensor, piezoresistive transducer, piezocrystal sensor, capacitance gage, micro-displacement sensor or surface acoustic wave sensor.
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| CN2012103890256A CN102847961A (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Intelligent cutter of integrated small three-way cutting force measurement system |
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| CN103551924A (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2014-02-05 | 吉林大学 | Three-direction cutting force measuring device |
| CN103707131A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 中北大学 | On-line measurement cutter system of cutting force of embedded thin film strain gage transducer |
| CN103743502A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | Piezoresistive rotation two-component milling force sensor |
| CN103962594A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 佳木斯大学 | Cutting chatter alarm turning tool rod |
| CN104139322A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Capacitive intelligent knife handle system for detection of four-dimensional cutting force |
| CN106078357A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-11-09 | 广西大学 | A kind of heat in metal cutting on-line monitoring and regulation device |
| CN106168497A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-11-30 | 济南大学 | A kind of hard state turning machine stability comprehensive detection system |
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| CN107314849A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of sensor with the small high frequency Cutting Force Signal measurement capability of three-dimensional |
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| CN103551924B (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2016-06-22 | 吉林大学 | Three-dimensional cutting force measurement device |
| CN103551924A (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2014-02-05 | 吉林大学 | Three-direction cutting force measuring device |
| CN103743502A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | Piezoresistive rotation two-component milling force sensor |
| CN103743502B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of pressure resistance type rotates two component Milling Force sensors |
| CN103707131A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 中北大学 | On-line measurement cutter system of cutting force of embedded thin film strain gage transducer |
| CN103707131B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-02-24 | 中北大学 | A kind of cutting force on-line measurement tooling system embedding thin film strain-gauge sensor |
| CN103962594A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 佳木斯大学 | Cutting chatter alarm turning tool rod |
| CN104139322B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-06-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power |
| CN104139322A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Capacitive intelligent knife handle system for detection of four-dimensional cutting force |
| CN106168497A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-11-30 | 济南大学 | A kind of hard state turning machine stability comprehensive detection system |
| CN106078357A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-11-09 | 广西大学 | A kind of heat in metal cutting on-line monitoring and regulation device |
| CN106312689B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏工大金凯高端装备制造有限公司 | The combined type smart tooling system of two dimensional ultrasonic vibration and cutting force real-time detection |
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| CN106424883A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Ball-end mill with multifunctional micro-texture in titanium alloy machining |
| CN106736857A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 太原科技大学 | The gradient piezoelectric ceramics intelligence cutting tool unit that cutting force self is known |
| CN106736857B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-04-05 | 太原科技大学 | The gradient piezoelectric ceramics intelligence cutting tool unit that cutting force self is known |
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