CN104139322B - A kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power - Google Patents
A kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power Download PDFInfo
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- CN104139322B CN104139322B CN201410344491.1A CN201410344491A CN104139322B CN 104139322 B CN104139322 B CN 104139322B CN 201410344491 A CN201410344491 A CN 201410344491A CN 104139322 B CN104139322 B CN 104139322B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0966—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring a force on parts of the machine other than a motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2717/00—Arrangements for indicating or measuring
- B23Q2717/006—Arrangements for indicating or measuring in milling machines
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power, mainly by standard handle of a knife, capacitive displacement transducer, lithium battery, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit, signal wireless transmitter module, outer package ring, seal lid, fixed block forms.By forming deformation muscle structure at standard handle of a knife lower end cylindrical portion grooving, utilizing the deformation of deformation muscle to resolve four-dimensional cutting power, deflection is recorded by capacitive displacement transducer.The intelligent handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power of the present invention is less to the change of former Knife handle structure, do not affect the crawl of Cutting tool installation manner, use and mechanical hand, there is the advantages such as simple in construction, the suitability be strong, utilize that the detection deformation muscle deformation of high-precision capacitance-type micro-displacement sensor is higher than strain gauge dynamometer precision, dynamic property is better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the multidimensional cutting force detecting device field in working angles monitoring, particularly to a kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power.
Background technology
The speed of machining is proposed increasingly higher requirement with precision by the modernization of machine-building, for ensureing this point, cutting process is carried out monitor in real time and is particularly important.And the various process equipments such as current most lathes itself do not have the function of condition monitoring, in order to make these supermatic process equipments realize high accuracy, at high speed processing, it is necessary to carry out studying to the related transducer technology and equipment that can monitor machining state and develop.
Cutting force is the most basic state parameter describing working angles, can accurate response cutting tool status information.Measuring in real time of cutting force can provide necessary foundation for the control of the distinguishing of cutting tool state, workpiece processing quality, it addition, the acquisition of cutting force can also provide valuable help for setting up cutting force mathematical model, optimizing working angles parameter.Therefore in all machining state monitoring parameters, the detection demand of course of processing cutting force is occupied extremely important position always, can true and reliable, accurately and timely get cutting force parameter information, beyond doubt the necessity of working angles monitoring.
And the various process equipments such as most lathes itself do not have the function of cutting force detection, in order to realize cutting force detection demand, to have the related transducer technology of cutting force detection function carry out study with equipment and develop just seem fairly heavy will.At present both at home and abroad cutting force detection field most widely used be the cutting force detection technique utilizing piezoelectric effect to realize, some external companies there has been quite ripe product, but owing to major part piezoelectric type cutting dynamometer is mesa structure, need during use to be arranged on platen, and processing work is arranged on dynamometer, this limits its extensive use in the industrial production required by just inevitably the size of processing work being had.In view of these problems, occur in that some cutting force detection schemes being integrated in by force sensing device on handle of a knife at present, but it is substantially on application thin-walled drum type brake flexible member and attaches foil gauge to realize cutting force detection, and owing to strain gauge dynamometer dynamic property is poor, be gradually difficult to meet monitoring of cutting process requirement.
The demand detected in real time in view of cutting force in cutting process and the deficiency of current multidimensional cutting dynamometer, it is necessary to a kind of novel intelligent handle of a knife system force sensing device being integrated on handle of a knife of development and design.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power, mainly solve the demand that detects in real time of three-dimensional orthogonal cutting power and the cutting moment of torque suffered by cutter in the processing environments such as milling.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power, main by standard handle of a knife, capacitive displacement transducer, lithium battery, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit, signal wireless transmitter module, outer package ring, seal lid, fixed block forms, wherein: capacitive displacement transducer is made up of axial capacitive displacement transducer and torsion capacitive displacement transducer, the cylindrical portion of standard handle of a knife lower end is uniform four groovings along the circumferential direction, one axial capacitive displacement transducer is set in each grooving, the movable plate of axial capacitive displacement transducer is connected on the lower surface of grooving, fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block, fixed block is adhesive in the upper side of grooving；Being respectively provided with one in two relative groovings and reverse capacitive displacement transducer, the movable plate reversing capacitive displacement transducer is connected on the side surface of grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block；Outer package ring is fixed on standard handle of a knife and is blocked by grooving, cavity between outer package ring and standard handle of a knife is used for laying lithium battery, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit and signal wireless transmitter module, two-plate and the two-plate reversing capacitive displacement transducer along the axial capacitive displacement transducer of signal transfer direction, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit and signal wireless transmitter module are sequentially connected with by wire, lithium battery and axial capacitance sensor, reverse capacitance sensor, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit, signal wireless transmitter module connects each through wire, outer package ring lower end is fixing with sealing lid.
In the present invention, Bluetooth wireless transmission technology is adopted by axial capacitive displacement transducer and to reverse the deflection that detects of capacitive displacement transducer and be transferred on computer to display, process.
The intelligent handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power of the present invention is less to the change of former Knife handle structure, do not affect the crawl of Cutting tool installation manner, use and mechanical hand, there is the advantages such as simple in construction, the suitability be strong, utilize that the detection deformation muscle deformation of high-precision capacitance-type micro-displacement sensor is higher than strain gauge dynamometer precision, dynamic property is better.After native system application, there is positive effect to improving cutting automatization level, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system overall appearance schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is intelligence handle of a knife system variant muscle structural representation；
Fig. 3 is intelligence handle of a knife system variant muscle structural perspective；
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 2 A-A to profile；
Fig. 5 be in Fig. 1 B-B to profile；
Fig. 6 be in Fig. 5 C-C to profile；
Fig. 7 is intelligent handle of a knife system wireless data collecting system block diagram involved in the present invention；
In figure: 1-standard handle of a knife, 2-vertical beam deformation muscle, 3-horizontal beam deformation muscle, 4-axial deformation detection position, 5-torsional deflection detection position, 6-holding screw, 7-outer package ring, 8-seals lid, 9-screw, 10-sealing ring, the axial capacitive displacement transducer of 11-, 12-fixed block, 13-capacitance sensor testing circuit, 14-Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit, 15-signal wireless transmitter module, 16-lithium battery, 17-reverses capacitive displacement transducer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme is further described; but it is not limited thereto; every technical solution of the present invention modified or equivalent replaces, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power of the present invention mainly by standard handle of a knife 1, axial capacitive displacement transducer 11, reverse capacitive displacement transducer 17, lithium battery 16, capacitance sensor testing circuit 13, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit 14, signal wireless transmitter module 15, outer package ring 7, seal lid 8, fixed block 12 forms.
As Figure 2-3, the present invention directly uses standard handle of a knife 1 to carry out structure change for prototype, by the cylindrical portion in standard handle of a knife 1 lower end, it is uniformly distributed along the circumference in two adjacent positions and cuts four grooves: the first grooving, the second grooving, the 3rd grooving and the 4th grooving, thus forming horizontal beam deformation muscle 3 and vertical beam deformation 2 two kinds of muscle deformation muscle structure, when multidimensional cutting force passes over from cutter, owing to deforming the existence of muscle, the deformation of standard handle of a knife 1 can obtain concentrating at deformation muscle place and amplify, and improves the sensitivity of structure perception cutting force change；The dimensional parameters of grooving, as high in groove, groove width, because standard handle of a knife is different in the difference of the inner and outer diameter of grooving position, Knife handle structure rigidity requirement and perceptual sensitivity index can be considered, utilize theory of mechanics of materials to be in optimized selection in conjunction with finite element simulation means, and the position of groove generally nestles up handle of a knife mechanical hand grasping end；For BT50SLN40-150, the groove near taper shank is of a size of: groove height 12mm, groove width 28mm, from handle of a knife mechanical hand grasping end 4mm, another group groove height 1mm of groove, groove width 26mm, two grooves, at a distance of 4.5m, are up to good effect.Consider that handle of a knife is at X, Y, Z three-dimensional normal force and the deformation deforming muscle about the z axis under torque T effect, utilize the horizontal beam deformation muscle 3 deflection in grooving lower surface 4 center to characterize axial force and radial force, utilize the vertical beam deformation muscle 2 deflection in center, groove side surface 5 to characterize moment of torsion, altogether design 6 detection positions, place.
The deflection at 6 detection position, places records by high-precision capacitance-type displacement sensor, described capacitive displacement transducer is made up of axial capacitive displacement transducer 11 and torsion capacitive displacement transducer 17, wherein: axially capacitive displacement transducer 11 is made up of axial capacitance sensor C1, axial capacitance sensor C2, axial capacitance sensor C3, axial capacitance sensor C4, reverse capacitive displacement transducer by reversing capacitance sensor C5, reverse capacitance sensor C6 and form.6 groups of capacitance sensor arrangement modes are as shown in Figure 4: axially capacitance sensor C1, axial capacitance sensor C2, axial capacitance sensor C3, axial capacitance sensor C4 circumference are evenly arranged, it is used for detecting the deflection of grooving lower surface 4 center, wherein, axial capacitance sensor C1 and axial capacitance sensor C3 is arranged symmetrically with, and axial capacitance sensor C2 and axial capacitance sensor C4 is arranged symmetrically with；Reverse capacitance sensor C5 and torsion capacitance sensor C6 to be arranged symmetrically with, be used for detecting the deflection of center, groove side surface 5.
Axial capacitance sensor 11 is used for detecting the deflection of grooving lower surface 4 center, reverses capacitance sensor 17 and is used for detecting the deflection of center, groove side surface 5.The deflection recorded with axial capacitance sensor C1, axial capacitance sensor C2, axial capacitance sensor C3, axial capacitance sensor C4 is to calculate Z-direction axial force, the deflection recorded with axial capacitance sensor C1, axial capacitance sensor C3 is to calculate X to radial force, the deflection recorded with axial capacitance sensor C2, axial capacitance sensor C4 is to calculate Y-direction radial force, calculating moment of torsion about the z axis to reverse capacitance sensor C5, to reverse the capacitance sensor C6 deflection recorded, wherein Z axis is gyroaxis.6 place's deflections are utilized to solve cutting force formula as follows:
In formula, Δ d1～Δ d6It is be numbered the deformation muscle deflection that the capacitance sensor of C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 records, k respectively1～k4It is the coefficient relevant with standard handle of a knife 1 rigidity, it is necessary to demarcated by subsequent experimental and obtain.
As shown in Figure 4, capacitance sensor assembling mode is: axially the movable plate of capacitance sensor C1 is connected on the lower surface 4 of the first grooving, moving along with deformation muscle deformation, fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block 12, and fixed block 12 is adhesive in the upper surface of the first grooving；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C2 is connected on the lower surface 4 of the second grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block 12, and fixed block 12 is adhesive in the upper surface of the second grooving；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C3 is connected on the lower surface 4 of the 3rd grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block 12, and fixed block 12 is adhesive in the upper surface of the 3rd grooving；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C4 is connected on the lower surface 4 of the 4th grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block 12, and fixed block 12 is adhesive in the upper surface of the 4th grooving；The movable plate reversing capacitance sensor C5 is connected on the side surface 5 of the first grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block 12；The movable plate reversing capacitance sensor C6 is connected on the side surface 5 of the 3rd grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block 12.By emulating and testing, it has been found that cutting masterpiece used time capacitor movable plate under this assembling mode with deformation muscle deformation substantially, fixed polar plate deformation is faint, meets deflection detection demand.
In the present invention, the effect of outer package ring 7 is to be blocked grooving position, then forms cavity for placing circuit board and battery.As seen in figs. 5-6, capacitance sensor testing circuit 13, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit 14, signal wireless transmitter module 15 and the lithium battery 16 powered for whole system are all encapsulated between outer package ring 7 and standard handle of a knife 1 in the cavity of formation, along signal transfer direction, by axial capacitive displacement transducer 11 and the two-plate reversing capacitive displacement transducer 17, capacitance sensor testing circuit 13, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit 14 and signal wireless transmitter module 15 are connected in turn by wire, simultaneously take account of the energy supply of system, by lithium battery 16 and axial capacitance sensor 11, reverse capacitance sensor 17, capacitance sensor testing circuit 13, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit 14, signal wireless transmitter module 15 connects each through wire, outer package ring 7 is fixed on standard handle of a knife 1 by 4 holding screws 6, outer package ring 7 upper end is butted on mechanical hand grasping end, lower end is fixed by screw 9 with sealing lid 8, the gap sealing ring 10 sealed between lid 8 and standard handle of a knife 1 seals.
As shown in Figure 7, deformation muscle is deformed under cutting force effect, deflection is measured afterwards by axial capacitive displacement transducer 11 and torsion capacitive displacement transducer 17, the pretreatment such as filtered amplification, carried out data acquisition by Single-chip Controlling A/D chip again, be transferred to the enterprising row data of PC by signal wireless transmission system and show, process and analyze.Whole wireless data acquisition system is powered by lithium battery 16, utilizes STM32F103 series monolithic to control its ADC and samples, and wireless transmitting system realizes based on Bluetooth technology, had both met cutting force and has gathered requirement, and has achieved relatively low cost.
Claims (6)
1. the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power, it is characterized in that described condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system is by standard handle of a knife, capacitive displacement transducer, lithium battery, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit, signal wireless transmitter module, outer package ring, seal lid, fixed block forms, wherein: capacitive displacement transducer is made up of axial capacitive displacement transducer and torsion capacitive displacement transducer, the cylindrical portion of standard handle of a knife lower end is uniform four groovings along the circumferential direction, one axial capacitive displacement transducer is set in each grooving, the movable plate of axial capacitive displacement transducer is connected on the lower surface of grooving, fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block, fixed block is adhesive in the upper side of grooving；Being respectively provided with one in two relative groovings and reverse capacitive displacement transducer, the movable plate reversing capacitive displacement transducer is connected on the side surface of grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block；Outer package ring is fixed on standard handle of a knife and is blocked by grooving, cavity between outer package ring and standard handle of a knife is used for laying lithium battery, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit and signal wireless transmitter module, two-plate and the two-plate reversing capacitive displacement transducer along the axial capacitive displacement transducer of signal transfer direction, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit and signal wireless transmitter module are sequentially connected with by wire, lithium battery and axial capacitance sensor, reverse capacitance sensor, capacitance sensor testing circuit, Signal Pretreatment and collecting unit, signal wireless transmitter module connects each through wire, outer package ring lower end is fixing with sealing lid.
2. the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described outer package ring is fixed on standard handle of a knife by holding screw.
3. the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described outer package ring lower end is sealed lid and fixed by screw.
4. the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the gap sealing ring between described sealing lid and standard handle of a knife seals.
5. the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described standard handle of a knife lower end edge circumferencial direction is evenly equipped with the first grooving, the second grooving, the 3rd grooving and the 4th grooving, axial capacitive displacement transducer is made up of axial capacitance sensor C1, axial capacitance sensor C2, axial capacitance sensor C3, axial capacitance sensor C4, reverse capacitive displacement transducer by reverse capacitance sensor C5, reverse capacitance sensor C6 form；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C1 is connected on the lower surface of the first grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block, and fixed block is adhesive in the upper surface of the first grooving；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C2 is connected on the lower surface of the second grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block, and fixed block is adhesive in the upper surface of the second grooving；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C3 is connected on the lower surface of the 3rd grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block, and fixed block is adhesive in the upper surface of the 3rd grooving；The movable plate of axial capacitance sensor C4 is connected on the lower surface of the 4th grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block, and fixed block is adhesive in the upper surface of the 4th grooving；The movable plate reversing capacitance sensor C5 is connected on the side surface of the first grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block；The movable plate reversing capacitance sensor C6 is connected on the side surface of the 3rd grooving, and fixed polar plate is connected on fixed block.
6. the condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power according to claim 5, it is characterized in that with axial capacitance sensor C1, axial capacitance sensor C2, axial capacitance sensor C3, the deflection that axial capacitance sensor C4 records is to calculate Z-direction axial force, with axial capacitance sensor C1, the deflection that axial capacitance sensor C3 records is to calculate X to radial force, with axial capacitance sensor C2, the deflection that axial capacitance sensor C4 records is to calculate Y-direction radial force, to reverse capacitance sensor C5, reverse the capacitance sensor C6 deflection recorded and calculate moment of torsion about the z axis, wherein Z axis is gyroaxis, 6 place's deflections are utilized to solve cutting force formula as follows:
In formula, Δ d1～Δ d6It is the deformation muscle deflection that records of the capacitance sensor of C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 respectively, k1～k4It is the coefficient relevant with standard handle of a knife rigidity.
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| CN201410344491.1A CN104139322B (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | A kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power |
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| CN201410344491.1A CN104139322B (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | A kind of condenser type intelligence handle of a knife system for the detection of four-dimensional cutting power |
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| CN104139322B true CN104139322B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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