CN102811844B - 包括含至少一木质层和一背部加固层的外层的尤用于机动车的衬板的制造方法 - Google Patents

包括含至少一木质层和一背部加固层的外层的尤用于机动车的衬板的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN102811844B
CN102811844B CN201080048941.2A CN201080048941A CN102811844B CN 102811844 B CN102811844 B CN 102811844B CN 201080048941 A CN201080048941 A CN 201080048941A CN 102811844 B CN102811844 B CN 102811844B
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skin
coat
wood
layer
liner plate
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CN102811844A (zh
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H·皮克森
N·迪朗
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Faurecia Interieur Industrie SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B27D1/083—Presses specially designed for making the manufacture of shaped plywood articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/757—Moulds, cores, dies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1043—Subsequent to assembly

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种外层(6)是加热成型的并且所述外层(6)在至少一个切割区域(18)中被切割的方法。根据本发明的一个方面，加固层(12)至少在一个切割区域(18)中被注入热固性树脂，并且在加热成型外层以及定型热固性树脂之后在所述切割区域中切割所述外层(6)。

Description

包括含至少一木质层和一背部加固层的外层的尤用于机动车的衬板的制造方法
技术领域
本申请涉及一种用于制造衬板(lining)，尤其是用于机动车的内衬板(interior lining)的方法，该衬板包括分层的外层(coating)，所述外层包括至少一个木质层和一个粘附在该木质层的背部上的多孔加固层，在该类型的衬板中，所述外层是加热成型的并且所述外层在至少一个切割区域(cutting region)中被切割。
背景技术
出于审美的原因，希望提供设置有具有木材板(wood sheet)的外层并且适于成型为三维形状的衬板。
FR2922137公开了一种包括木材板的外层，该外层设置有用胶粘在该木材板的背部的柔性的加固层，该加固层是织物(textile)，例如纺织织物或非纺织织物(nonwoven)、纸(paper)或橡胶板，该外层还包括在木材板上的保护层，该保护层具有弹性性能以便于外层的成型。
可能证明有必要切割外层以形成它的边缘或者在外层中设置切口，例如嵌入用于门(door)的电开关或开度控制(opening control)。由于木板材的纤维特性以及加固层的可能的纤维特性，这些切割边缘可能有多个外观缺陷。
例如可通过在这些切割边缘局部应用树脂来处理这些缺陷。然而，这些操作难以实现自动化，因而必须手动地进行。
若非如此，这些切割边缘可用饰盖(covers)来掩盖。然而这些饰盖可损害审美与感知质量，并且必然地导致额外费用。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种能够使外层成型同时减少切割边缘的外观缺陷的制造方法。
为此，本发明提出了上述类型的方法，其特征在于，加固层至少在切割区域中被注入(impregnated)热固性树脂，并且在外层加热成型以及热固性树脂定型(setting)之后在所述切割区域中切割所述外层。
根据其他多个实施例，单独考虑或根据所有技术上可能的组合，该方法包括一个或多个下述特征：
加固层以纺织或非纺织织物材料的形式被提供；
所述加固层被注入有从聚酯、环氧化物、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、三聚氰胺、硫化橡胶中选取的树脂；
所述外层被固定在底层(substrate)上以形成饰板(trim)；以及
所述外层被加热成型，并且在同时通过将所述外层热压在底层上以及热固性树脂在热压过程中定型(setting)而将所述外层固定在所述底层上。
附图说明
参考附图，通过阅读仅作为实例提供的以下描述将更好地理解本发明，其中：
图1为用于机动车的内衬板的局部剖面图，该内衬板包括塑性材料制成的底层和可见的外层；以及
图2和图3为根据本发明的热压机的剖面图，显示了用于制造图1中的饰板的方法的不同步骤。
具体实施方式
如图1所述，机动车的内饰(interior trim)2包括塑料底层4和覆盖底层4的可见的外层6。
外层6设置在饰板(trim)2的可见表面上。该外层6包括朝向与底层4相对的一侧的可见前表面6a以及与底层4相接触的后表面6b。
外层6是分层的并且包括至少一个由天然木材制作的木质层8。如图1所示，外层6包括单个木质层8。可选地，外层6包括层叠且粘合在一起的多个木质层8。
外层6包括在前表面6a侧上对木质层8加以覆盖的保护层10。
保护层10的目的在于保护木质层8，尤其保护木质层8免受可引起木质层8加速老化的紫外线。保护层10例如为合成树脂(比如亮光漆)，并且为(透明的或半透明)有色的。
保护层10例如是通过喷涂涂覆在木质层8上的。
外层6包括柔性加固层12，该柔性加固层12在后表面6b侧上对木质板8加以覆盖。
加固层12的目的在于在木质层8背部对木质层8进行加固，并在将加固层12紧固到外层6背部的过程中加强外层6和底层4的连接。
加固层12是多孔的(porous)。这例如涉及织物材料(尤其是纺织织物或非纺织织物)、纸、或橡胶板的层。
加固层12例如层压在木质层8的背部。
由于对包括木质层在内的多层进行层叠，因此这样的外层6有时称为分层木质复合体(stratified ligneous complex)。
正如图1中所阐明的，衬板2包括切割边际边缘(cut marginal edges)14以及由切割外围边缘16界定的开口15。
加固层12被注入热固性树脂。加固层12至少在外层6的切割区域18中被注入热固性树脂。加固层12优选地仅在这些切割区域18中被注入或在该加固层12的整个表面之上被注入。
在制造外层6的过程中，将热固性树脂施加在加固层12的背部上或者在加固层12和木质层的背部之间。
热固性树脂至少注入加固层12，并且在实际中还可注入木质层8。
热固性树脂的目的在于：通过填充加固层(以及可能木质层)内的空隙使外层在注入的区域中更均匀，以及在注入的区域中成型外层以获得更干净的切割边缘。
所使用的树脂具有在成型之后优选地在1500MPa和7000MPa之间的杨氏模量(Young’s modulus)。
热固性树脂由于外层6的热压成型(即在外层6的热压成型过程中外层6的加热的影响下)成型。
热固性树脂例如是从聚酯、环氧化物、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、三聚氰胺、硫化橡胶中选取的。
根据本发明，外层6设置为包括木质层8、保护层10、以及被注入热固性树脂的加固层12，该热固性树脂不是定型的、聚合的、或固化的。此外，例如通过适当的注射在注模中注塑塑性材料来提供底层4。
随后，通过在图2和图3所示的热压机中靠在底层4上热压外层6，外层6被加热成型并固定在底层4上。
如图2和图3所示，压机(press)20具有互补的且相对彼此可移动的上部22和下部24，以便通过将上部22和下部24分离(图2)来打开压机20并且通过促使上部22和下部24合拢到一起来闭合压机20(图3)。
上部22包括支撑表面26，该支撑表面26用于接纳先前成型的底层4。
下部24包括成型表面28，该成型表面28用于形成在该成型表面28被加压的外层6。成型表面28具有与外层6所需最终三维型相对应的三维型。成型表面28可尤其为非可展表面。
支撑表面26和成型表面28均彼此相对地被设置。
根据该制造方法，压机20被打开，底层4的背部设置为抵靠(bearing against)支撑表面26，并且将初始为大致平坦的外层6定位在底层4和成型表面28之间(图2)，该外层6的后表面6b和加固层12朝向底层4。
随后，对外层6进行加热成型，并通过闭合压机20靠在底层6上热压外层6。由于压机20的闭合，底层4被压在外层6上，这使热压成为可能并且将外层6压在成型表面28上，这使得能够在底层4和成型表面6之间加热成型外层。
压机20的闭合速度为压部22和压部24被合拢到一起的速度。在行程结束处，即压机20闭合前的5mm至10mm处，最后行程速度(end-of-travel speed)优选在0.5mm/s和1mm/min之间以允许升高外层6的温度。
在这些操作的过程中，压机20保持在有助于将底层4紧固在加固层12上的温度。该温度例如包含在70℃和180℃之间。
在加热成型和热压的过程中，热固性树脂定型。
在定型热固性树脂之后，随后在外层6中进行必要的切割。
在定型热固性树脂之后例如使用为切割目的设置的刀在压机中切割外层6的边缘14，或者在已从压机20中移除衬板2之后切割外层6的边缘14。
在已从压机20中移除衬板2之后，例如通过铣削(milling)切割开口15。
热固性树脂通过在加固层12中或者可选地在加固层12和木质层8中形成粘合剂而有助于均匀性，并且增大了被注入的切割区域18中的杨氏模量。因此，切割边缘具有更锋利且更干净的切口。这样，可保留这些边缘可见而无需任何后续的昂贵处理并无需增加轮饰盖(wheel covers)。
由于热固性树在因热压过程中贡献的高温而定型，故该制造方法在已有的热压中实施简单。此外，未定型的热固性树脂不会防碍外层的成型。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于制造衬板的方法，该衬板包括底层(4)和固定在所述底层上的分层的外层(6)，所述外层(6)包括至少一个木质层(8)和一个粘附在所述木质层(8)背部上的多孔的加固层(12)，其特征在于，所述外层(6)初始为大致平坦的，至少在一个切割区域(18)向所述加固层(12)注入热固性树脂，加热成型所述外层(6)，所述热固性树脂因所述外层(6)的加热成型而定型，然后，在所述外层的加热成型以及所述热固性树脂的定型之后在所述切割区域中切割所述外层(6)，其中所述外层(6)被固定在底层(4)上以形成所述衬板，并且其中所述底层被预先成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述加固层(12)是以纺织织物材料或非纺织织物材料的形式提供的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述加固层被注入从聚酯、环氧化物、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、三聚氰胺、硫化橡胶中选取的树脂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述外层(6)被加热成型，并且同时通过将所述外层(6)热压在所述底层(4)上以及所述热固性树脂在所述热压过程中定型而将所述外层(6)固定在所述底层(4)上。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的方法，其中所述外层在压机(20)中靠在所述底层(4)上被热压成型。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中在所述压机(20)闭合前的5mm至10mm处，所述压机(20)的闭合速度在0.5mm/s到1mm/min之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述底层通过注塑来成型。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述衬板是机动车的内衬板。
CN201080048941.2A 2009-08-31 2010-08-25 包括含至少一木质层和一背部加固层的外层的尤用于机动车的衬板的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN102811844B (zh)

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FR0955925A FR2949373B1 (fr) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 Procede de fabrication d'un habillage, notamment pour vehicule automobile, comprenant un revetement possedant au moins une couche ligneuse et une couche de renfort d'envers
FR0955925 2009-08-31
PCT/FR2010/051770 WO2011023901A1 (fr) 2009-08-31 2010-08-25 Procédé de fabrication d'un habillage, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un revêtement possédant au moins une couche ligneuse et une couche de renfort d'envers

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EP2473325A1 (fr) 2012-07-11
US9352483B2 (en) 2016-05-31
FR2949373B1 (fr) 2013-09-13
FR2949373A1 (fr) 2011-03-04
US20120247654A1 (en) 2012-10-04
EP2473325B1 (fr) 2020-01-01
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