CN102797321A - 凸缘材料和立接缝夹具 - Google Patents

凸缘材料和立接缝夹具 Download PDF

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CN102797321A
CN102797321A CN2012100747311A CN201210074731A CN102797321A CN 102797321 A CN102797321 A CN 102797321A CN 2012100747311 A CN2012100747311 A CN 2012100747311A CN 201210074731 A CN201210074731 A CN 201210074731A CN 102797321 A CN102797321 A CN 102797321A
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格雷戈里·A·黑德尔
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/10—Snow traps ; Removing snow from roofs; Snow melters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
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    • F24S25/61—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures
    • F24S25/615—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures for fixing to protruding parts of buildings, e.g. to corrugations or to standing seams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/12—Devices or arrangements allowing walking on the roof or in the gutter
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
    • E04D3/30—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like of metal
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7062—Clamped members
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种凸缘材料和立接缝夹具。本发明涉及一种夹具组件，用于将负荷联接在各种凸缘接缝上，所述组件包括：大致U形的夹具主体；至少一个夹锤，其布置在夹具主体的内部，所述夹锤沿夹具主体的纵向轴线铰链式地固定到夹具主体；至少一个调整螺钉，其贯穿夹具主体并且适于有选择地压触夹锤，使夹锤围绕其轴线枢转，所述调整螺钉横向于夹锤的纵向轴线延伸；至少一个锁定螺钉，其适于有选择地压触夹锤以防止夹锤的枢转，从而接纳在夹具主体内的立接缝可以在调整螺钉的作用下被紧固地抓牢在夹具主体与夹锤之间，然后被锁定螺钉锁定在合适的位置。

Description

凸缘材料和立接缝夹具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种夹具组件，其用于将负荷联接在各种凸缘接缝上，所述凸缘接缝包括但不限于立接缝屋面。
背景技术
立接缝常用于使金属板互相连接以形成建筑物的屋顶或者其他结构件。接缝由下述方法产生：通过使两块金属薄板的相邻侧边缘弯曲并且一起压型以形成向上延伸的部分，该向上延伸的部分沿屋顶表面的宽度或长度方向延伸，从而使薄板互相锁定。根据薄板一起压型的方式，接缝的头部或最上部可以形成为各种形状。例如，立接缝的头部可以是L形、T形、圆形、卷边(doubled over)或者具有一些其他的与最终用途的性质相关的外形。
期望的是将结构件联接到立接缝，尤其是在盖屋顶时。平屋顶是用于安装太阳能电池板组、通道、管道设备、布线或其他辅助结构件的明显场所，辅助结构件包括但不限于防雪带(snow catcher)、冰坝等。
当在立接缝上联接结构件时，要避免接缝的钻孔或者穿透接缝，因为这么做会影响屋顶的寿命。已知有不穿透立接缝的夹具组件；然而，这些装置使用直接紧固在接缝上的螺栓，这会损坏接缝并最终影响屋顶的完整性。现有技术中的夹具组件还产生在接缝上非均匀分布的不均匀的夹持压力，最终导致夹具或者屋顶故障。已知很多其他屋顶夹具，但在这些屋顶夹具中的每一个中，装置都很复杂并且难以迅速安装。
发明内容
本发明为一种夹具组件，其包括大致U形的夹具主体以用于接纳立接缝、工字梁或者类似结构件；在夹具主体内部布置有一对相互配合的夹锤或者单个夹锤，所述夹锤沿夹具主体的纵向轴线铰链式地固定到夹具主体，并且每个夹锤设置有至少一个调整螺钉，所述至少一个调整螺钉适于可移动地贯穿夹具主体，并且有选择地压触夹锤并使夹锤围绕其轴线枢转从而打开和关闭夹具，所述调整螺钉横向于夹锤的纵向轴线而布置；每个夹锤还设置有至少一个锁定螺钉，所述至少一个锁定螺钉可移动地贯穿夹具主体以有选择地压触夹锤和防止枢转，从而可以在一对相互配合的夹锤之间(或单个夹锤)紧固地抓牢接纳在夹具主体内的立接缝或者其他结构件，以便将其夹持和锁定在合适的位置。
附图说明
图1是示出可以被本发明夹持的典型重叠型立接缝的立体图；
图2是示出根据本发明的夹具组件的具有省略部分的立体图；
图3是图2中示出的夹具在夹持立接缝时的立体图，其中以断裂线示出了夹具的一部分；
图4是沿图3的线4-4所截取的截面图；
图5是沿图3的线5-5所截取的截面图；
图6是图4中示出的夹具组件的可选实施例的截面图；
图7是在夹持双锁式立接缝时的图4中示出的夹具的截面图；
图8是在夹持不规则四边形双锁式立接缝时的图4中示出的夹具的截面图；
图9是在夹持有角度接缝时的图4中示出的夹具的可选实施例的截面图；
图10是在夹持具有圆头部的接缝时的图4中示出的夹具的可选实施例的截面图；
图11是在夹持偏置接缝时的图4中示出的夹具的可选实施例的截面图；
图12是示出根据本发明的具有一对保护性衬垫的夹具的可选实施例的截面图；以及
图13是示出根据本发明的一个夹具的可选实施例的截面图，其具有分隔薄膜以保护屋顶或其他结构件免受振动、声音等。
具体实施方式
图1示出了标准重叠型立接缝SS，其包括互相连接于直立部6和头部8的金属薄板2和4。立接缝SS通过如下方法形成：以已知的方式使薄板2和4的相邻边缘弯曲或者一起压型从而使位于头部8的边缘互相锁定。本发明可以应用于夹持如将在下面进一步进行说明的其他立接缝。
参照图2至图5，更为详细地示出了本发明的夹具组件CA。如从图2中最佳看出的，夹具组件CA包括大致U形的夹具主体10，由诸如挤制铝的金属、高密度塑料或者其他材料形成，并且夹具主体10具有顶部12和侧部14，顶部12和侧部14限定了用于接纳立接缝的内部区域16。根据夹具的最终用途以及特殊用途所必须的强度要求，夹具主体10可以具有可变的长度和厚度。
沿夹具主体的两侧部14都设置有调整螺钉18。用于各个调整螺钉18的孔邻近每个侧部14的底部边缘布置，并且每个孔贯穿侧部14，从而使得调整螺钉可以选择性地移进和移出夹具主体的内部区域16。
沿夹具主体的两侧部14可以设置有锁定螺钉20。用于各个锁定螺钉20的孔邻近每个侧部14的顶部边缘布置，并且每个孔贯穿侧部14，使得其可以选择性地移进和移出夹具主体的内部区域16，从而如下面将要进一步进行说明的将夹具锁定在接缝上。夹具上设置的锁定螺钉20和调整螺钉18的数量是可变的。一般来说，夹具主体10可以在夹具的每侧上具有一对调整螺钉(这两对螺钉镜像对准)并且每侧具有至少一个锁定螺钉。
在夹具主体10的顶部12内设置有螺纹孔22以接纳螺栓(未示出)，螺栓可以用于将太阳能电池板、布线或者其他结构件联接到夹具主体。类似地，并如图3和图4所最佳示出的，在夹具主体的任一个侧部14或两侧部14中设置有螺纹孔A以接纳螺栓(未示出)，从而将太阳能电池板、布线或者一些其他结构件联接到夹具主体。
转到图3至图5，夹具组件CA的另外的特征和夹具的操作一起被示出。内部区域16包括侧壁24和顶壁26。内部区域16的宽度和高度可以根据待夹持的立接缝的尺寸而变化。
在夹具主体10的内部区域16内设置有一对可移动的夹爪或夹锤28以夹持接缝。如图4和图5中所最佳示出的，夹锤彼此镜像布置，并且在一个实施例中为大致L形从而如将在下面进一步进行说明的容纳常规折缝的头部。夹锤28沿夹具主体10的长度从第一端延伸到第二端，并且在铰链构件30处可枢转地固定在夹具主体内。夹锤可以由诸如挤制铝的金属、高密度塑料或者其他适合夹具使用的材料构成。
铰链构件30包括：圆柱形构件32，其布置在夹锤28的顶部并且沿夹锤的长度延伸；以及配合凹槽34，其设置在夹具主体内，凹槽34的尺寸被设定为接纳圆柱形构件32以便夹锤28适于围绕铰链构件30的纵向轴线自由地枢转。在夹具的组装过程中，在凹槽34的每一端可以设置有一系列向内延伸的制动件(未示出)以在凹槽34内限制夹锤28。
如图4所最佳示出的，调整螺钉18横向于夹锤28的纵向轴线而对准。有选择地转动调整螺钉18将导致其向内或向外移动，从而进入和退出与相应的夹锤28的接合。当立接缝SS置于夹具主体10内部并且向内转动与夹锤28相关联的调整螺钉18时，也会导致夹锤围绕铰链30向内枢转并且与接缝SS的直立部6接合。夹锤28的L形允许接缝的头部8接纳在夹锤之间而不损坏头部。本发明在接缝上产生夹持压力，该夹持压力沿夹具组件的整个长度连续且均匀地分布。通过沿夹具的长度分散负荷，避免了对接缝的损坏并且大大减少了夹具的故障。
如图5所最佳示出的，在夹锤接合接缝SS后，紧固与每个夹锤相关联的锁定螺钉20，这会引起螺钉接触圆柱形构件32并且防止铰链30的枢转，于是铰链30便进入锁定位置。很明显，为从接缝移除组件，放松调整螺钉和锁定螺钉，这将引起夹锤枢转脱离接合，从而允许夹具与接缝分开。
图6图示出了本发明的可选实施例，其中夹锤28的面向内的表面在表面上固定有弹性材料涂层(或者薄层)，从而为了例如减振或者提供与所夹持的接缝的隔离而提供分隔薄膜36。
图7图示出了夹持到双锁式立接缝时的本发明的夹具组件。在这个实施例中，夹锤向内成角度的程度大于重叠型立接缝的情况。本发明适于容纳具有各种形状和头部尺寸的不同类型的接缝。
图8图示出了夹持到不规则四边形双锁式立接缝时的本发明的夹具组件。
图9图示出了本发明的可选实施例。这个实施例中更换了前述的夹锤28以使夹具组件CA适合夹持有角度接缝AS。在这个实施例中，用有角度接缝夹锤38替换图2至图5中的两个夹锤之一。有角度接缝夹锤38被示出为具有阶梯形构造以容纳有角度接缝AS的头部8，该头部8横向于接缝的纵向轴线而延伸。
图10图示出了本发明的又一个实施例。在这个实施例中的两个夹锤都不同于前面实施例中所示的夹锤，以便使夹具组件CA适合于夹持具有圆头部8的接缝。圆头部夹锤42包括：支座区域40，其向内延伸并且包括向下倾斜的表面44以接合圆头部8的下部区域；以及爪部46，其用于接合接缝的直立部。
图11图示出了本发明的另一个实施例。在这个实施例中的两个夹锤都不同于前面的实施例中所示的夹锤，以便使夹具组件CA适合于夹持具有偏置头部8的接缝。偏置头部夹锤48和50具有不同的厚度和高度。偏置头部夹锤50具有比偏置头部夹锤48高的高度，并且进一步包括爪部52。偏置头部夹锤48包括加厚区域或支座54，使得在夹锤压迫在偏置头部8上时，偏置头部8可牢固地保持在两个夹锤之间，并且夹具主体的顶部12保持与接缝所延伸出的表面平行。
图12图示出了本发明的另一个实施例。在这个实施例中，夹具主体10的内壁表面58设置有沿夹具的长度延伸的平行键槽道60，以有选择地接纳衬垫或薄膜56，该衬垫或薄膜56具有适于与键槽道60互相装配和互相锁定的凸键部62。在衬垫或薄膜56的相对侧设置有改进的夹锤64。改进的夹锤64被示出包括键槽道66，以接纳衬垫或薄膜70的凸键部68。设置调整螺钉18(未示出)以使改进的夹锤64向内移动并且夹持弹性衬垫或薄膜56与70之间的接缝和使弹性衬垫或薄膜56与70之间的接缝隔离(声音、振动等)。
图13为图12的可选实施例，其中，使用如图2至图5中示出的夹锤28来替代改进的夹锤64，从而借助于调整螺钉(未示出)和锁定螺钉(未示出)来夹持位于衬垫或薄膜56与夹锤28之间的接缝(未示出)。如所示，衬垫或薄膜56设置有键构件62，键构件62与U形构件10的内壁58在凹键槽60处互相锁定。
虽然本发明已描述为具有优选的设计，但应理解的是，其能够在整体和部分上有进一步的改进、使用和修改，同时仍遵循本发明的一般原则并且包括如下的这种与本公开的偏离：该偏离为本发明所属领域中的已知技术或惯用技术，并且该偏离可以应用于本发明的核心特征。

Claims (20)

1.一种夹具组件，包括：
a)大致U形的夹具主体，其具有用于接纳待夹持的结构件的内部区域；
b)至少一个夹锤，其布置在所述夹具主体的所述内部区域内，所述夹锤沿所述夹具主体的纵向轴线铰链式地固定到所述夹具主体；
c)至少一个调整螺钉，其贯穿所述夹具主体并且适于有选择地压触所述夹锤，以便使所述夹锤围绕其纵向轴线枢转，所述调整螺钉横向于所述夹锤的纵向轴线延伸；以及
d)至少一个锁定螺钉，其适于有选择地压触所述夹锤以防止所述夹锤的枢转，从而接纳在所述夹具主体内的待夹持的结构件在所述调整螺钉的作用下被所述夹锤紧固地夹持，并且被所述锁定螺钉锁定在合适的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的夹具组件，其中，所述夹具主体包括顶壁和一对侧壁，所述侧壁镜像对准并且所述顶壁和侧壁分别具有内部表面和外部表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的夹具组件，进一步包括第二夹锤，所述至少一个夹锤和所述第二夹锤镜像对准，并且布置在所述夹具主体的内部区域内。
4.根据权利要求2所述的夹具组件，进一步包括第二调整螺钉，所述至少一个调整螺钉和所述第二调整螺钉贯穿所述一对侧壁中的一个侧壁，并且进入所述夹具主体的内部区域。
5.根据权利要求3所述的夹具组件，其中，所述至少一个调整螺钉和第二调整螺钉中的每一个调整螺钉分别贯穿所述一对侧壁中的一个侧壁，并且沿共同的纵向轴线对准。
6.根据权利要求2所述的夹具组件，进一步包括螺纹孔，所述螺纹孔延伸进入所述夹具主体顶壁和侧壁中的至少一个壁的外部表面。
7.根据权利要求3所述的夹具组件，进一步包括：
a)至少一个圆柱形凹部，所述至少一个圆柱形凹部延伸进入所述顶壁的内部表面，并且与所述侧壁中的一个相邻，并沿所述夹具主体的纵向轴线延伸；以及
b)所述至少一个夹锤在其一端处具有圆柱形铰链构件，所述圆柱形铰链构件接纳于所述至少一个圆柱形凹部内，使得所述至少一个夹锤铰链式地在所述侧壁之间移动。
8.根据权利要求7所述的夹具组件，进一步包括：
a)第二圆柱形凹部，所述第二圆柱形凹部延伸进入所述顶壁的内部表面，与所述侧壁中的一个相邻，并且沿所述夹具主体的纵向轴线延伸；以及
b)所述第二夹锤在其一端处具有圆柱形铰链构件，所述圆柱形铰链构件接纳于所述第二圆柱形凹部内，使得所述第二夹锤能够铰链式地在所述侧壁之间移动从而在其间夹持立接缝或者其他结构件。
9.根据权利要求3所述的夹具组件，其中，所述至少一个夹锤和所述第二夹锤具有大致L形的截面。
10.根据权利要求8所述的夹具组件，进一步包括第二锁定螺钉，所述第二锁定螺钉贯穿所述侧壁中的一个并且横向于所述第二夹锤的纵向轴线，使得所述第二锁定螺钉适于有选择地压触所述第二夹锤的所述圆柱形铰链构件并防止所述圆柱形铰链构件的枢转。
11.根据权利要求7所述的夹具组件，其中，所述至少一个锁定螺钉贯穿所述侧壁中的一个并且横向于所述至少一个夹锤的纵向轴线，使得所述螺钉适于有选择地压触所述圆柱形铰链构件并防止所述圆柱形铰链构件的枢转。
12.根据权利要求3所述的夹具组件，其中，所述至少一个夹锤和所述第二夹锤中的一个夹锤具有大致阶梯形的截面。
13.根据权利要求3所述的夹具组件，其中，所述至少一个夹锤和所述第二夹锤成形为使得在其间容纳待夹持的立接缝的头部。
14.根据权利要求3所述的夹具组件，进一步包括弹性材料，所述弹性材料固定到所述至少一个夹锤和所述第二夹锤中的一个夹锤上。
15.一种夹具组件，包括：
a)一体的夹具主体，所述夹具主体具有顶壁、一对侧壁以及顶壁与侧壁之间的内部区域；
b)一对夹爪，所述夹爪布置在所述内部区域内，并且所述一对夹爪中的每一个夹爪铰链式地固定到所述夹具主体，并分别与所述一对侧壁中的一个侧壁相邻，从而限制在所述内部区域内的枢转；
c)至少第一调整螺钉和第二调整螺钉，所述第一调整螺钉贯穿所述一对侧壁中的一个侧壁，以有选择地接合所述夹爪中的一个并使其朝向所述一对夹爪中的对面的一个枢转，所述第二调整螺钉贯穿所述一对侧壁中的另外一个侧壁，以有选择地接合所述夹爪的另外一个夹爪并使其朝向所述一对夹爪中的对面的一个枢转，所述第一调整螺钉和第二调整螺钉横向于所述夹具主体的纵向轴线；以及
d)至少第一锁定螺钉和第二锁定螺钉，所述第一锁定螺钉和第二锁定螺钉中的每一个锁定螺钉分别贯穿所述一对侧壁中的一个侧壁，以有选择地压触铰链式地固定到所述夹具主体上的所述夹爪中的一个并且防止其枢转，从而接纳在所述内部区域内的待夹持的结构件在所述第一调整螺钉和第二调整螺钉的作用下被夹持在所述一对夹爪之间，并且被所述第一锁定螺钉和第二锁定螺钉锁定在合适的位置。
16.根据权利要求15所述的夹具组件，进一步包括附加的调整螺钉和锁定螺钉。
17.根据权利要求15所述的夹具组件，进一步包括螺纹孔，所述螺纹孔延伸进入所述顶壁和侧壁中的至少一个壁。
18.根据权利要求15所述的夹具组件，其中，所述一对夹爪中的每一个夹爪具有大致L形的截面，并且在所述夹具主体的内部区域内与所述一对夹爪中的另一个夹爪镜像对准。
19.根据权利要求15所述的夹具组件，其中，所述一对夹爪中的每一个夹爪成形为使得容纳立接缝的头部。
20.根据权利要求15所述的夹具组件，其中，所述一对夹爪中的每一个夹爪在其一端处具有圆柱形铰链构件，所述圆柱形铰链构件适于可枢转地与圆柱形凹部接合，所述圆柱形凹部在所述夹具主体内延伸并且位于与其相邻的侧壁的上方。
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EP2715011A4 (en) 2014-12-03
US10641300B2 (en) 2020-05-05
US20170248161A1 (en) 2017-08-31
US8528888B2 (en) 2013-09-10
WO2012166497A1 (en) 2012-12-06
US20120299233A1 (en) 2012-11-29
US11725679B2 (en) 2023-08-15
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CA2761829A1 (en) 2012-11-27
US20150093190A1 (en) 2015-04-02

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