CN102783302B - Self walking type garlic combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-propelled garlic combine harvester, which includes a walking chassis, an engine, a chassis, a lifting frame, a clamping device, a garlic seedling laying groove, a garlic conveying groove, and a garlic collecting box. The walking chassis is provided with a chassis drive Bridge, the bottom frame is connected with the walking chassis, the rear end of the lifting frame is connected with the bottom frame, the front end is hingedly connected with the lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder rotates around the shaft of the lifting frame, the lower part of the front end of the lifting frame is equipped with an excavating device, and the front part of the excavating device is equipped with a breaker. Membrane knife, the front part of the membrane breaking knife is provided with a grain divider; the clamping device includes a clamping channel, a clamping drive motor, the clamping device is connected with the lifting frame, the engine is located at the rear of the walking chassis, and the front-end gearbox of the engine Equipped with a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump is connected to the clamping drive motor, the rear end of the engine is connected to the variable motor pump; the garlic seedling laying groove is set on the right side of the walking chassis, the garlic seedling laying groove, the garlic conveying groove are connected to the chassis, the garlic The collection box is located on the left side of the walking chassis.

Description

Self-propelled Garlic Combine Harvester

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural combine harvesters, in particular to a self-propelled garlic combine harvester. the

Background technique

my country is the main garlic producer, consumer and exporter in the world. The total area of garlic planted every year is more than 10 million mu, among which the area of garlic planted in Shandong Province accounts for more than 40% of the total area of the country. Garlic planting is generally done through the application of base fertilizer on the land. , plowing, furrowing, seed selection, planting, mulching, watering (fertilizing), field management, harvesting, post-harvest picking and processing (removing garlic stalks and garlic roots), grading and other production links. At present, there are two main methods of garlic harvesting: one is the traditional manual harvesting production method, that is, manual excavation with the help of self-made simple flat shovel, and manual picking and shaking of soil. The defect is that the production efficiency is relatively low. The other is harvesting with excavating machinery. The characteristics of the existing garlic harvesting machinery are as follows: the excavation method is used, that is, the flat shovel (there are paired row loosening shovel type and non-aligned row full-width flat shovel type) or rotary disc cutter Garlic is excavated from the soil. The disadvantages of this excavation method are that the excavation depth is not easy to control, resulting in the phenomenon of garlic cutting and garlic injury. At the same time, it is easy to be congested during operation. At the same time, due to the difference in agronomy in different places, there are differences in row spacing and plant spacing. Poor performance, unreliable quality, etc., most of them have not been mass-produced and widely used. Although some garlic excavators are equipped with a soil-shaking conveyor chain, the excavated garlic is shaken and laid out, and then manually picked up. However, after the garlic sprouts are harvested, most of the upper part of the garlic plant stalks bend and fall, causing the garlic plant stalks to collapse. In addition, most of the existing garlic planting patterns are mulched with plastic film, and there is residual plastic film when garlic is harvested, so when digging operations, multiple rows are gathered into piles, resulting in winding accumulation, which is not conducive to picking operations. At present, there is no self-propelled garlic harvesting machine that is suitable for various planting row spacings and can complete operations such as digging, transporting, cutting off garlic stalks and roots, and collecting garlic in containers at one time. , Improving production efficiency and increasing farmers' income have important and practical significance. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the existing problems of garlic cutting, garlic injury, operation congestion, poor adaptability, unreliable quality and mass production and large-area popularization and application; to provide a self-propelled garlic combine harvester The harvester uses the engine to drive the hydraulic pump as the power for walking and operation. It can complete the combined operation functions of garlic separation, membrane breaking, digging, clamping, cutting, garlic transportation and collection, and garlic seedling laying at one time. It has strong adaptability and reliability. The advantages of high stability are suitable for mass production and large-scale promotion and application. the

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The self-propelled garlic combine harvester includes a walking chassis, an engine, a chassis, a lifting frame, a clamping device, a garlic seedling laying trough, a garlic conveying trough, and a garlic collecting box. The walking chassis is provided with a chassis drive axle. The bottom frame is connected with the walking chassis, the rear end of the lifting frame is connected with the bottom frame, and the front end is hingedly connected with the lifting oil cylinder. The lifting oil cylinder rotates around the rotating shaft of the lifting frame. Membrane knife, the front part of the membrane breaking knife is provided with a grain divider; the clamping device includes a clamping channel, a clamping drive motor, the clamping device is connected with the lifting frame, the engine is located at the rear of the walking chassis, and the front end of the engine The gear box is equipped with a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the clamping drive motor. The rear end of the engine is connected to the variable motor pump on the drive axle of the chassis to drive the walking chassis; The garlic seedling laying trough and the garlic conveying trough are connected to the bottom frame. The cut garlic sprouts are discharged to the ground on one side of the unit through the laying trough. The garlic collection box is located on the left side of the walking chassis, and the garlic enters the collection box through the garlic conveying trough.

There are four groups of clamping channels, and the clamping channels include a clamping device frame, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a reel, shaft I, and shaft II; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected to transmit power through a rubber clamping belt , the driving motor is installed on the clamping device frame, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the axis I, the axis I and the axis II are respectively connected to the clamping device frame, and the two gears of the meshing gear pair are respectively mounted on the axis I On shaft II, shaft I and shaft II are equipped with sprocket I and driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with the rubber clamping belt; the driven wheel is arranged at the front end of the clamping device frame, and the reel is connected with the driven wheel; The tensioning wheel assembly is arranged on the holding device frame, and the tensioning wheel assembly includes a tensioning wheel frame, a tensioning wheel shaft, a tension spring and a tensioning wheel, and the tensioning wheel shaft is fixed on the holding device frame with a nut, and the tensioning wheel The frame is installed on the tensioning wheel shaft, and the tensioning wheel is mounted on the tensioning wheel frame through bearings. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the tensioning wheel frame and the clamping device frame; The fixed knife is equipped with a moving knife below, and the fixed knife cooperates with the moving knife, and the moving knife is connected with the clamping device frame. The sprocket I is connected with the moving knife through a chain, and drives the moving knife to rotate. When clamping the fixed knife at the rear of the device frame, the moving knife cuts off the garlic.

The output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the shaft I through the shaft sleeve I, the shaft I and the shaft II are respectively connected to the clamping device frame through the bearing, the reel is fixed on the driven wheel with screws, and the moving knife It is connected with the clamping device frame through the bearing in the bearing housing. the

The garlic conveying trough includes a conveying trough shell, a shaft III, a conveying rod, and a conveying motor. The conveying motor is connected to the shaft III through a shaft sleeve. The shaft III is matched with the conveying trough shell through a bearing seat. There are two A sprocket II, the sprocket II is respectively connected with two conveyor chains II, the two conveyor chains II are connected by a conveyor rod to form a flexible conveyor channel, the conveyor rod is provided with a protective cover, and the garlic conveyor tank is installed on the bottom through bolts on the shelf. the

The lower part of the front end of the lifting frame is provided with a conduit, the excavating device is arranged in the conduit, and the upper end of the conduit and the excavating device is connected through an adjusting bolt. The excavating device rotates with the lifting frame to adjust the height from the ground. When the adjusting bolt is turned, the excavating device moves axially along the adjusting bolt to adjust the excavation depth.

A pin shaft sleeve is arranged at the back of the bottom frame, and the garlic seedling laying groove is connected with the bottom frame through the cooperation of the pin shaft and the pin shaft sleeve.

The grain divider is fixed on the front end of the lifting frame by bolts.

The lifting frame is provided with a clamping device rotating shaft and an adjustment pull rod, and the clamping device is hingedly connected to the lifting frame through the clamping device rotating shaft and the adjusting pull rod. Adjust the height from the ground by rotating the lift frame, and adjust the clamping height by adjusting the pull rod.

The engine is connected with the variable motor pump through the V belt of the variable pump motor. the

The underframe is fixed on the walking chassis with bolts. the

The working principle of the present invention is: the present invention comprises walking chassis, engine, underframe, elevating frame, clamping device, garlic seedling laying groove, garlic conveying groove, garlic collection box, and described walking chassis is provided with chassis driving axle, so The bottom frame is connected with the walking chassis, the rear end of the lifting frame is connected with the bottom frame, and the front end is hingedly connected with the lifting oil cylinder, and the lifting oil cylinder rotates around the shaft of the lifting frame. Membrane breaking knife, the front part of the membrane breaking knife is provided with a grain divider; the clamping device includes a clamping channel, a clamping drive motor, the clamping device is connected with the lifting frame, the engine is located at the rear of the walking chassis, and the The front-end gear box is equipped with a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the clamping drive motor. The rear end of the engine is connected to the variable motor pump on the drive axle of the chassis to drive the walking chassis. The garlic seedling laying trough and the garlic conveying trough are connected to the bottom frame. The cut garlic sprouts are discharged to the ground on one side of the unit through the laying trough. The garlic collection box is located on the left side of the walking chassis, and the garlic enters the collection box through the garlic conveying trough. There are four groups of clamping channels, and the clamping channels include a clamping device frame, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a reel, shaft I, and shaft II; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected to transmit power through a rubber clamping belt , the driving motor is installed on the clamping device frame, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the axis I, the axis I and the axis II are respectively connected to the clamping device frame, and the two gears of the meshing gear pair are respectively mounted on the axis I On shaft II, shaft I and shaft II are equipped with sprocket I and driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with the rubber clamping belt; the driven wheel is arranged at the front end of the clamping device frame, and the reel is connected with the driven wheel; The tensioning wheel assembly is arranged on the holding device frame, and the tensioning wheel assembly includes a tensioning wheel frame, a tensioning wheel shaft, a tension spring and a tensioning wheel, and the tensioning wheel shaft is fixed on the holding device frame with a nut, and the tensioning wheel The frame is installed on the tensioning wheel shaft, and the tensioning wheel is mounted on the tensioning wheel frame through bearings. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the tensioning wheel frame and the clamping device frame; The fixed knife is equipped with a moving knife below, and the fixed knife cooperates with the moving knife, and the moving knife is connected with the clamping device frame. The sprocket I is connected with the moving knife through a chain, and drives the moving knife to rotate. When clamping the fixed knife at the rear of the device frame, the moving knife cuts off the garlic. When the machine is moving forward, the grain divider located at the front of the unit separates the garlic seedlings into their respective harvesting channels, and at the same time, the film breaking knife cuts the mulch to prevent winding and blockage, and the excavating device digs the garlic from the bottom to facilitate unearthed , the garlic seedlings entering the harvesting channel enter the rubber belt clamping device under the action of the reel, and the garlic sprouts are transported upwards and backwards under the action of the clamping device, and enter the garlic cutting device at the rear end of the clamping device. The garlic is cut and then falls into the The garlic conveying trough is then transported to the garlic collection box, and the cut garlic sprouts continue to move backward under the operation of the rubber clamping belt, and finally enter the garlic sprout laying trough and are generally placed on the ground on one side of the unit. the

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The harvester uses the engine to drive the hydraulic pump as the power for walking and operation, and can complete the combined operation functions of garlic separation, membrane breaking, digging, clamping, cutting, garlic transportation and collection, and garlic seedling laying at one time;

2. The digging depth and clamping height can be adjusted conveniently and quickly to adapt to garlic harvesting under different planting methods;

3. Due to the combination of digging and pulling in the garlic digging process, the walking resistance during the working process is reduced, and the energy consumption of the machine is greatly reduced;

4. During the harvesting process, the combination of digging and pulling is adopted, and the rubber belt flexible clamping mechanism is adopted, which can minimize the damage to the garlic;

5. During the conveying process of garlic, due to the use of a conveying device with a protective cover, the garlic damage caused by bumping is greatly reduced. the

6. It has the advantages of strong adaptability and high reliability, and is suitable for mass production and large-scale promotion and application.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of clamping device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partial structural representation of the top view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the garlic delivery tank of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the excavating device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1-grain divider, 2-membrane breaking knife, 3-excavation device, 4-clamping device, 5-lift cylinder, 6-travel chassis, 7-lift shaft, 8-underframe fixing bolt, 9 -variable pump motor V-belt, 10-variable pump motor, 11-chassis drive axle, 12-engine, 13-garlic seedling laying tank, 14-garlic conveying tank, 15-garlic collecting box, 16-clamping device shaft, 17 -underframe, 18-lifting frame, 19-adjusting rod, 20-clamping drive motor, 21-gear pair, 22-chain Ⅰ, 23-bearing seat, 24-tensioning wheel assembly, 25-holding device frame, 26- Passive wheel, 27-tension spring, 28-tensioner frame, 29-tensioner shaft, 30-rubber clamping belt, 31-fixed knife, 32-moving knife, 33-driving wheel, 34-sprocket Ⅰ, 35-Water reel, 36-Conveying trough shell, 37-Conveying chain II, 38-Bearing seat, 39-Conveying rod, 40-Protection sleeve, 41-Shaft III, 42-Bolt, 43-Conveying motor, 44-Shaft Set, 45-adjusting bolt 46-sprocket II, 47-axis I, 48-axis II, 49-shaft sleeve I, 50-tensioner.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. the

The self-propelled garlic combine harvester, combined with Figure 6, includes a walking chassis 6, an engine 12, an underframe 17, a lifting frame 18, a clamping device 4, a garlic seedling laying trough 13, a garlic conveying trough 14, and a garlic collecting box 15 , the chassis drive axle 11 is provided on the walking chassis 6, the chassis 17 is connected to the chassis 6, the rear end of the lifting frame 18 is connected to the chassis 17, the front end is hinged to the lifting cylinder 5, and the lifting cylinder 5 is wound around Lifting frame rotating shaft 7 revolutions, and the lower front end of lifting frame 18 is provided with excavating device 3, and excavating device 3 front portion is provided with membrane breaking knife 2, and the front portion of membrane breaking knife 2 is provided with crop divider 1; Including clamping channel, clamping drive motor 20, clamping device 4 is connected with lifting frame 18, engine 12 is arranged at the rear of walking chassis 6, and the front-end gear box of engine 12 is equipped with hydraulic pump, hydraulic pump and clamping drive motor Connect to drive the clamping drive motor 20, the engine 12 rear end is connected with the variable motor pump 10 positioned on the chassis drive axle 11, and is used to drive the walking chassis 6; The laying groove 13 and the garlic conveying groove 14 are connected with the bottom frame 17, and the cut garlic sprouts are discharged to the ground on one side of the unit through the laying groove, the garlic collection box 15 is located on the left side of the walking chassis 6, and the garlic enters and collects through the garlic conveying groove 14 box. the

The clamping channel is provided with four groups, and the clamping channel includes a clamping device frame 25, a driving wheel 33, a driven wheel 26, a reel 35, a shaft I 47, and a shaft II 48; the driving wheel 33 and the driven wheel 26 pass through rubber The clamping belt 30 is connected to transmit power, the driving motor 20 is installed on the clamping device frame 25, the output shaft of the driving motor 20 is connected with the shaft I47 through the shaft sleeve I49, and the shaft I47 and the shaft II48 are connected to the clamping device frame through bearings respectively. 25 connection, the two gears of the meshing gear pair 21 are respectively installed on the shaft I47 and the shaft II48, the shaft I47 and II48 are equipped with a sprocket I34 and a driving wheel 33, and the driving wheel 33 is connected with the rubber clamping belt 30 The driven wheel 26 is located at the front end of the clamping device frame 25, and the reel 35 is fixed on the driven wheel 26 with screws; the clamping device frame 25 is provided with a tensioning wheel assembly 24, and the tensioning wheel assembly 24 comprises a tensioning wheel Frame 28, tensioning wheel rotating shaft 29, extension spring 27 and tensioning wheel 50, tensioning wheel rotating shaft 29 are fixed on the holding device frame 25 with nut, tensioning wheel frame 28 is installed on the tensioning wheel rotating shaft 29, tensioning Wheel 50 is mounted on the tensioning wheel frame 28 through bearings, and the two ends of extension spring 27 are connected with tensioning wheel frame 28 and clamping device frame 25 respectively; the rear portion of clamping device frame 25 is provided with fixed knife 31, fixed The upper edge of the knife 31 is provided with a moving knife 32, the fixed knife 31 cooperates with the moving knife 32, the moving knife 32 is connected with the clamping device frame 25 through the bearing in the bearing seat 23, the sprocket I34 is connected with the moving knife 32 through the chain 22, and Drive moving knife 32 to rotate, when garlic shoot enters the fixed knife 31 of clamping device frame 25 rear portion along rubber clamping belt 30, moving knife 30 cuts off the head of garlic.

The garlic conveying tank 14 comprises a conveying tank shell 36, a shaft III 41, a conveying rod 39, and a conveying motor 43. The conveying motor 43 is connected with the shaft 41 through a shaft sleeve 44, and the shaft 41 cooperates with the conveying tank shell 36 through a bearing seat 38, The shaft 41 is provided with two sprockets II 46, the sprockets II 46 are respectively connected with two conveying chains II 37, and the two conveying chains II 37 are connected by a conveying rod 39 to form a flexible conveying channel, and the conveying rod 39 is provided with a protective Cover 40, the head of garlic conveying groove 14 is installed on the underframe 17 by bolt 42. the

The lower part of the front end of the lifting frame 18 is provided with a conduit, and the excavating device 3 is arranged in the conduit, and the upper end of the conduit and the excavating device 3 is connected by an adjusting bolt 45 . The excavating device 3 rotates with the lifting frame 18 to adjust the height from the ground, and when the adjusting bolt 45 is rotated, the excavating device 3 moves axially along the adjusting bolt 45 to adjust the excavation depth. The back of the underframe 17 is provided with a bearing pin sleeve, and the garlic seedling laying groove 13 is connected with the underframe 17 by the bearing pin and the bearing pin sleeve. Described crop divider 1 is fixed on the front end of lifting frame 18 by bolt. The lifting frame 18 is provided with a clamping device rotating shaft 16 and an adjustment pull rod 19 , and the clamping device 4 is hingedly connected with the lifting frame 18 through the clamping device rotating shaft 16 and the adjusting pull rod 19 . The height from the ground is adjusted by rotating the lifting frame 18, and the clamping height is adjusted by adjusting the pull rod 19. The engine 12 is connected with the variable motor pump 10 through the variable pump motor V-belt 9 . Underframe 17 is fixed on the walking chassis 6 with bolt 8. the

Although the specific implementation of the invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention. the

Claims (7)

1. A self-propelled garlic combine harvester, comprising a walking chassis, an engine, and an underframe; The chassis is provided with a chassis drive axle, the chassis is connected to the walking chassis, the rear end of the lifting frame is connected to the chassis, the front end is hinged to the lifting cylinder, the lifting cylinder rotates around the shaft of the lifting frame, and the lower part of the front end of the lifting frame is provided with Digging device, the front part of the excavating device is provided with a membrane-breaking knife, and the front part of the membrane-breaking knife is provided with a crop divider; the clamping device includes a clamping channel, a clamping drive motor, the clamping device is connected with the lifting frame, and the engine is set At the rear of the walking chassis, the front gearbox of the engine is equipped with a hydraulic pump, which is connected to the clamping drive motor, and the rear end of the engine is connected to the variable motor pump on the drive axle of the chassis to drive the walking chassis; the garlic seedlings are placed The groove is arranged on the right side of the walking chassis, the garlic seedling laying groove, the garlic conveying groove are connected with the chassis, the garlic collecting box is located on the left side of the walking chassis, and the garlic enters the collecting box through the garlic conveying groove; The clamping channel includes a clamping device frame, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a reel, a shaft I, and a shaft II; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected to transmit power through a rubber clamping belt, and the driving motor is installed in the clamping On the holding device frame, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the axis I, and the shafts I and II are respectively connected to the holding device frame. The sprocket I and the driving wheel are arranged on the shaft II, and the driving wheel is connected with the rubber clamping belt; the driven wheel is set at the front end of the clamping device frame, and the reel is connected with the driven wheel; the clamping device frame is equipped with a tensioning The wheel assembly, the tension wheel assembly includes a tension wheel frame, a tension wheel shaft, a tension spring and a tension wheel, the tension wheel shaft is fixed on the clamping device frame with a nut, and the tension wheel frame is installed on the tension wheel shaft , the tensioning wheel is mounted on the tensioning wheel frame through bearings, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the tensioning wheel frame and the clamping device frame; the rear part of the clamping device frame is provided with a fixed knife, and the upper edge of the fixed knife There is a moving knife, the fixed knife cooperates with the moving knife, the moving knife is connected with the clamping device frame, the sprocket I is connected with the moving knife through a chain, and drives the moving knife to rotate, when the garlic seedling enters the clamping device frame along the rubber clamping belt When using the fixed knife at the bottom, move the knife to cut off the garlic; The underframe is fixed on the walking chassis with bolts. 2. The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the shaft I through the shaft sleeve I, and the shaft I and the shaft II are respectively connected to the clamping shaft through the bearing. The device frame is connected, the reel is fixed on the driven wheel with screws, the movable knife is connected with the clamping device frame through the bearing in the bearing seat, and the clamping channel is provided with four groups. 3. The self-propelled garlic combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the garlic conveying trough comprises a conveying trough shell, a shaft III, a conveying rod, and a conveying motor, and the conveying motor passes through the shaft sleeve and the shaft III. Connection, the shaft III cooperates with the conveying tank shell through the bearing seat, and there are two sprockets II on the shaft III, and the sprockets II are respectively connected with two conveying chains II, and the two conveying chains II are connected by a conveying rod to form a flexible The conveying channel is provided with a protective sleeve on the conveying rod, and the garlic conveying trough is installed on the bottom frame through bolts. 4.. The self-propelled garlic combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the lower part of the front end of the lifting frame is provided with a conduit, the excavating device is arranged in the conduit, and the upper end of the conduit and the excavating device is connected by an adjusting bolt . 5. The self-propelled garlic combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a pin sleeve is arranged behind the base frame, and the garlic seedling laying groove is connected with the base frame through the pin shaft and the pin sleeve. 6. The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the grain divider is fixed on the front end of the lifting frame by bolts. 7. self-propelled garlic combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described elevating frame is provided with clamping device rotating shaft, adjustment pull bar, and described clamping device is connected with clamping device rotating shaft, adjustment pull rod and The lifting frame is hinged. 8. The self-propelled garlic combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine is connected with the variable motor pump through the V-belt of the variable pump motor.