CN102771311B

CN102771311B - Shiitake cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN102771311B
Application number: CN201210269693.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳忠涛
Original assignee: CHONGQING FUXINYANG EDIBLE FUNGUS CO LTD
Current assignee: CHONGQING FUXINYANG EDIBLE FUNGUS CO LTD
Priority date: 2012-07-31
Filing date: 2012-07-31
Publication date: 2016-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-31
Also published as: CN102771311A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the cultivation field of Lentinus Edodes, the inoculation method of special Lentinus Edodes, have and comprise the steps of: choose the broad-leaved branch of a diameter of 8 12 millimeters, after being cut into the sterilized process of juggle of 23 centimetres, put in aseptic culture bag；The female kind of Lentinus Edodes is received on juggle that is treated and that cool down, cultivates under the conditions of 20 25 DEG C and cover with juggle to mycelia, obtain granular bacteria strain；Gained granular bacteria strain is put in culture bag, stands 55 65 days at cool place, win Lentinus Edodes；This method is simple to operate, and Lentinus Edodes yield is high.

Description

Shiitake cultivation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural planting, particularly to the inoculation method of Lentinus Edodes.

Background technology

Lentinus Edodes has another name called Lentinus Edodes, belongs to basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Pleurotaceae, Lentinus.Lentinus Edodes is by mycelium and son Entity two parts form.Mycelia is formed by spore germination, white, fine hair shape, has tabula and branch, cell Wall is thin, and very thin mycelia be combined with each other, and continuous growth and breeding assembles mycelium.Mycelial growth is grown To certain phase, sit surface in substrate and form sporophore Lentinus Edodes.The entirety of Lentinus Edodes is formed by mycelia. During separate tissue, any part cutting Lentinus Edodes can grow the mycelia made new advances.The sporophore of Lentinus Edodes by Cap, lamella, stem etc. form.Cap is circular, usual 3～6 centimetres of diameter；Big individuality is up to 10 More than centimetre；Lid edge is the most involute, latter flat；Lid table brown or pitchy, often have light scale.Bacterial context Plumpness, middle part is up to 1 cm, soft and flexible, white.In stem raw or wilfully, circular columns Or the most flat, white, meat reality, long 3～10 centimetres, diameter 0.5～1 centimetre.Lamella is white, dense and soft Soft, stem radiate, in blade-like, be the place producing full son；Spore is white, smooth, ovum Circular.One Lentinus Edodes can distribute tens spores.

The complete life cycle of Lentinus Edodes, is from the beginning of spore germination, terminates to the full son of formation again.In this process In, syngenesis and asexual life are planted and are organically combined, and jointly complete their life cycle.The spore of Lentinus Edodes After sub-maturation, obtain suitable condition warm, wet and will sprout generation mycelia.Mycelia by full sub-germination and growth It is referred to as uninucleate hyphae.Uninucleate hyphae grows in any case, also will not grow sporophore.Only work as dissimilarity Other uninucleate hyphae combines after formation nucleated mycelium, and portion spreads breeding and forms mycelium in the substrate.Bacterium Filament, through certain growth and development stage, have accumulated the nutriment of abundance, and reaches physiological maturity, suitably Under the conditions of, fruit body primordium could be formed, and constantly growth increases into mushroom flower bud, sporophore was bred down with generation. The life cycle of Lentinus Edodes, in two stages, one is the mycelium stage, and one is the sporophore stage.Lentinus Edodes is a kind of Water corruption bacterium.Internal do not have chlorophyll, it is impossible to carries out photosynthesis, and be dependent on decomposing absorb timber or other Intramatrical nutrition is made a living.In timber containing mushroom growth grow complete nutrients matter (carbon source, nitrogen source, Mineral and vitamin etc.).Lentinus Edodes has lignin, the ability of cellulose in decomposition timber, can be decomposed It is converted into glucose, aminoacid etc., the nutrient substance directly absorbing as hyphal cell and utilizing.

The reproductive condition of Lentinus Edodes interacts, interrelates.From mycelial growth to fruit-body formation process In, temperature is low after first height, humidity be first do after wet, light be the darkest after bright.These conditions interconnect mutually System, the most mutually restricting, it is necessary to consider comprehensively, in order to avoid attending to one thing and lose sight of another, can be only achieved expected effect.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide shiitake cultivation method, the method good stability, and yield is high.

For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme is that

Shiitake cultivation method, has and comprises the steps of:

A pretreatment

Choose the broad-leaved branch of a diameter of 8-12 millimeter, after being cut into the sterilized process of juggle of 2-3 centimetre, put Enter in aseptic culture bag；

The preparation of B granular bacteria strain

Lentinus Edodes female is planted and receives in processing of step A the juggle that cools down, cultivate under the conditions of 20-25 DEG C Cover with juggle to mycelia, obtain granular bacteria strain；

C amplification culture

Step B gained granular bacteria strain is put in culture bag, stands 55-65 days at cool place, win Lentinus Edodes.

Further, the juggle in step A, is 40-60kHz ultrasonic Treatment 15-30 by frequency before sterilizing Minute.

Further, in step A, the method for sterilizing is: 12-30 under the conditions of juggle is placed in 100-120 DEG C Hour.

Further, the cultivation time in step B is 25-30 days.

Further, in step C, putting in culture bag by step B gained granular bacteria strain, daily iron supplement is once Moisture content, the addition of moisture content is less than culture bag content gross weight, 9-15 DEG C of standing, divides and win perfume (or spice) 4-6 time Mushroom.

Further, in step C, in the moisture content supplemented, containing vitamin and glucose.

The beneficial effects of the present invention is: this method is simple to operate, Lentinus Edodes yield is high.More beneficial effects, Refer to embodiment.

Detailed description of the invention

Lentinus alternating temperature fecundity mushroom.Mycelial growth temperature scope is relatively wide, is 5 DEG C～32 DEG C, and thermophilic is 25 DEG C～27 DEG C, sporophore has sent out temperature between 5 DEG C～22 DEG C, with about 15 DEG C as optimum.Alternating temperature Fruiting body differentiation can be promoted.Temperature is too high, and mushroom growth is fast, but meat thin handle length is of poor quality, raw during low temperature Long slow, cap is plump.Quality is closeer.

During mushroom mycelium growth, humidity is lower than during fruiting, and the Compost moisture content of suitable mycelial growth is 60%～about 65%, relative air humidity is that relative air humidity to keep 85 during about 70%, fruiting %～90% is suitable, and certain psychrometric difference, beneficially mushroom growth are grown.

Lentinus Edodes is also aerobic mycelia, though to carbon dioxide not as sensitivities such as Ganodermas, if but air is the most smooth, In environment, carbon dioxide productive set is too much, will suppress the formation of mycelial growth and sporophore, even cause miscellaneous bacteria Evil is raw.So mushroom field should select draughty place, to ensure the normal growth promoter of Lentinus Edodes.

Lentinus Edodes is heliophilic mushroom.Though mushroom mycelium also can grow under dark condition；But sporophore then can not Occur, only under appropriateness illumination, sporophore could successfully growth promoter, and the spore that sheds.But it is strong Direct light be all disadvantageous to mycelial growth and fruiting.

Mushroom mycelium growth requires the environment of meta-acid.Mycelia all can grow between PH3～7, with pH4.5 The most most widely suited.During mushroom culture, the unsuitable basicity in place is excessive.During sprinkling water, mushroom water logging water to be noted Meaning water quality；Prevent pest and disease damage, preferably without basic agent.

The present invention is expanded on further below in conjunction with embodiment.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this Bright, and unrestricted the scope of the present invention.

One pretreatment

Choose the broad-leaved branch of a diameter of 8-12 millimeter, after being cut into the sterilized process of juggle of 2-3 centimetre, put Enter in aseptic culture bag；Lentinus Edodes has lignin, the ability of cellulose in decomposition timber, can be decomposed and turn Turn to glucose, aminoacid etc., the nutrient substance directly absorbing as hyphal cell and utilizing.Use before sterilizing Frequency is 40kHz ultrasonic Treatment 20 minutes, and more conducively hyphal cell effectively absorbs and utilizes in timber Lignin, the ability of cellulose.

The preparation of two granular bacteria strains

The female kind of Lentinus Edodes is received on juggle that is preprocessed and that cool down, cultivates to mycelia under the conditions of 20-25 DEG C Cover with juggle, obtain granular bacteria strain.

Relatively female kind of Lentinus Edodes is received in the culture that wood flour is substrate, granular bacteria strain in the follow-up cultivation of Lentinus Edodes, It is easier to management；And during secondary inoculation, the time that solid particle strain inoculation operation is spent is than wood flour substrate Lack.

Three amplification culture

Gained granular bacteria strain is put in culture bag, culture bag has the compost that Lentinus Edodes needs (by weight Count wood flour composed of the following components 78 parts, 20 parts of wheat bran (fine rice bran), 1 part of Gypsum Fibrosum, sugar 1 part, separately Adding 0.3 part of carbamide, compost is 55%～60% containing water quality), stand 60 days at cool place, daily iron supplement Moisture content, the addition of moisture content is less than culture bag content gross weight, wins first Lentinus Edodes.It is spaced several Everyday, win second batch Lentinus Edodes, amount to and pluck 6 batches.In the moisture content supplemented, containing the water of 100mg/L Soluble vitamin complex and the glucose of 200g/L.Every 4 jin of weight composts, 3 jin of Lentinus Edodess of results.

Finally illustrate, above example only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, although With reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, Technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from technical solution of the present invention Objective and scope, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims

1. shiitake cultivation method, it is characterised in that have and comprise the steps of:

A pretreatment

Choosing the broad-leaved branch of a diameter of 8-12 millimeter, the juggle being cut into 2-3 centimetre is sterilized After process, put in aseptic culture bag；

The preparation of B granular bacteria strain

Lentinus Edodes female is planted and receives in processing of step A the juggle that cools down, at 20-25 DEG C of bar Cultivate under part and cover with juggle to mycelia, obtain granular bacteria strain；

C amplification culture

Step B gained granular bacteria strain is put into equipped with in the culture bag of culture medium, quiet at cool place Put 55-65 days, win Lentinus Edodes.

Shiitake cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step Juggle in A, is 40-60kHz ultrasonic Treatment 15-30 minute by frequency before sterilizing.

Shiitake cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step In A, the method for sterilizing is: under the conditions of juggle is placed in 100-120 DEG C 12-30 hour.

Shiitake cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step The cultivation time in B is 25-30 days.

Shiitake cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step In C, step B gained granular bacteria strain is put in culture bag, moisture content of daily iron supplement, water The addition of part, less than culture bag content gross weight, 9-15 DEG C of standing, divides and wins perfume (or spice) 4-6 time Mushroom.

Shiitake cultivation method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step In C, in the moisture content supplemented, containing vitamin and glucose.