CN102739786B - Building fire intelligent rescue system and method based on ubiquitous network - Google Patents
Building fire intelligent rescue system and method based on ubiquitous network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building fire intelligent rescue system based on a ubiquitous network. The system comprises a fire monitoring network, a handheld terminal, a monitoring center computer and a fire fighting command terminal, wherein the fire monitoring network consists of a plurality of convergence sub-networks and is connected with the monitoring center computer through wireless convergence nodes of the convergence sub-networks and a 3rd generation (3G) network; each convergence sub-network is a wireless sensor network which is provided with a main-chain-type topology structure consisting of wireless sensor nodes, namely fire monitoring nodes; and the handheld terminal comprises a query handheld terminal and a rescue handheld terminal, reads the label data of radio frequency identification (RFID) data of neighboring fire monitoring nodes of the handheld terminal by an internal RFID card reader and an RFID reading link which are arranged in the hand-held terminal, and exchanges data with the monitoring center computer through the 3G network. The system has the advantages of convenience in arrangement and high real-time capability; and the system can effectively assist fire trapped personnel in escaping and fire rescue personnel in making a rescue scheme; and intelligent guide is provided for the fire trapped personnel and the fire rescue personnel under the emergency condition of fire, and lives and property can be effectively rescued.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire disaster intelligently rescue skills and system under a kind of skyscraper or the complex-terrain environment, especially relate to a kind of building fire intelligence salvage system and method based on Ubiquitous Network.
Background technology
In numerous disasters, fire is to become one of China's disaster that often property sent out, destructiveness and influence power are the strongest.In China's fire statistics, building fire accounts for more than 80%.Fast development along with economy and urban construction, skyscraper becomes one of sign of urban modernization, the thing followed is that disaster hidden-trouble also increases greatly, and fire of high-rise building also emerges in an endless stream, and the quantity that fire of high-rise building occurs and the loss that causes thereof all are year by year ascendant trend.After fire of high-rise building occurs because densely populated, Evacuation is difficult, intensity of a fire development piece, the characteristics such as difficulty of putting out a fire to save life and property often cause a tremendous loss of lives and huge property loss in case catch fire.According to Ministry of Public Security's statistics, China whole nation in 2009 is total to 12.7 ten thousand of breaking out of fires, dead 1076 people, injured 580 people, 13.2 hundred million yuan of direct property loss (not containing garden, CCTV new address fire damage).On August 9th, 2010, the residential building breaking out of fire that the Yu Zhong district, Chongqing City is 29 layers, though no one was injured, resident family's property loss is heavy; On September 9th, 2010, one of Changchun City causes 42 people injured building two 32 floor height building breaking out of fires of building, about 6,000,000 yuans of economic loss; On November 5th, 2010, commercial mansion generation fire disaster in Chuanying District, Jilin City, Jilin Province causes that 19 people are dead, 24 people are injured; In the same year, November 15, Jing'an District, Shanghai City one high-rise residential building generation wildfire causes that 53 people are dead, 70 people are injured, and house property loses near 500,000,000 yuans.One raging flames, and again and again bitter lesson is introduced the public visual field once again with the fire disaster emergency relief problem of skyscraper.
After skyscraper caught fire, building corridor, pipeline was many, and fire spreading is fast; And its stair are many, floor is many, the special building structure of use elevator, may form " stack effect ", cause the vertical extension of the intensity of a fire and smog.Simultaneously, skyscraper is because with a varied topography, personnel concentrate, means of escape is few, needs time of evacuating long, causes evacuating personnel to be full of arduousness and dangerous.
Traditional fire of high-rise building detection mode is by unified wiring monitor node to be installed in the intensive building of personnel, utilizes single-sensor that point of origin is monitored, and adopts gauge wire or other wire transmission medium to connect the transducer of intensive layout.Fire of high-rise building under the reply complex environment detects, and such fire detection mode has limitation.At first, approximate location can only detection of fires occur in traditional approach at first, sound the alarm, along with spreading of the intensity of a fire, scene of a fire indicator of trapped personnel and intensity of a fire information all can't obtain in real time, and indicator of trapped personnel position and the intensity of a fire information exactly fire fighter important reference frame of formulating effective rescue method of fire when occuring; Secondly, traditional approach can only notify the building interior personnel that fire alarm occurs by chimes of doom, because the existence of actual false-alarm and false dismissal situation, often can not cause the great attention of personnel in the building, and, indicator of trapped personnel can't know concrete ignition point and effective best-effort path in the building, because the best-effort path selection is improper, and causes casualties; At last, when occuring owing to fire, the skyscraper scene of a fire is with a varied topography, visibility is very poor, the fire rescue personnel only according to enter the scene of a fire information of grasping before the scene of a fire be can't precise and high efficiency the enforcement relief, even make self be in be in extreme danger among, cause secondary injures and deaths.
Ubiquitous Network is the next generation network that comprises telecommunications network, the Internet and merge miscellaneous service, and it utilizes network technology, realizes carrying out as required acquisition of information, transmission, storage, cognition, decision-making, use between person to person, people and thing, thing and the thing.3G technology, wireless sensor network technology (WSN) and radio-frequency (RF) tag technology (RFID) just progressively incorporate among the daily life as the key technology of ubiquitous network.The advantages such as WSN and RFID technology have short distance, two-forty, cost is low, the networking is convenient, fire salvage system in the past has the precedent of using simultaneously these two kinds of technology, but communication distance and the service quality of these two kinds of technology are limited, needing under the complex building environment of telecommunication, the fire relief scheme of employing WSN and RFID technology can't effectively be worked even be made systemic breakdown.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of building fire intelligence salvage system and method based on Ubiquitous Network based on RFID, 3G and WSN wireless sensor network technology, 3G network spreads all over each corner of people life with its remote, high-quality communication efficiency, complete infrastructure, just can satisfy in the resolution system, the needs of telecommunication; The present invention is in conjunction with the operating characteristic of three kinds of technology, utilize 3G network and RFID, the WSN technology of interior of building to build the fire disaster intelligently salvage system, system is easy for installation, real-time, can effectively assist the escape of fire indicator of trapped personnel and fire rescue personnel to formulate the relief scheme, under fire emergency, provide intelligently guiding to indicator of trapped personnel and rescue personnel, can realize the relief of effective lives and properties.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of building fire intelligence salvage system based on Ubiquitous Network, its special character is: this system comprises following components, be laid in the rooms of buildings and the fire monitoring net in passageway, corridor, handheld terminal that portability is used for obtaining scene of a fire real time information, be used for Surveillance center's computer of integrated environment monitoring that the fire monitoring net is covered, when fire occurs for the fire-fighting command terminal of the FCC outside the scene of a fire; Described fire monitoring net converges that subnet forms and by converging the wireless aggregation node of subnet by a plurality of, 3G network is connected with the Surveillance center computer, the described subnet that converges is the wireless sensor network that the fire monitoring node forms main chain formula topological structure by wireless sensor node, described handheld terminal comprises the rescue handheld terminal for the inquiry handheld terminal of indicator of trapped personnel in the scene of a fire and rescue personnel's use, handheld terminal is by its inner RFID card reader, RFID reads the RFID data label data that link reads near its fire monitoring node, carries out data interaction by 3G network and Surveillance center's computer.
Above-mentioned building fire intelligence salvage system based on Ubiquitous Network, described fire monitoring node comprise have image data, the monitoring terminal node of uploading data function and monitoring transit node with image data, uploading data and forwarding data function, monitoring transit node and monitoring terminal node are arranged in respectively in the corridor and room of building, corridor corner arranges separately a monitoring transit node, and the monitoring transit node is corresponding and unique one by one with local RFID tag addresses in the corridor; Be evenly arranged 2 to 3 monitoring terminal nodes in each room, monitoring terminal node R FID tag addresses is consistent and different from the fire monitoring node address in other rooms and corridor in every room;
The fire monitoring node of each floor level and the wireless aggregation node mode by self-organizing consists of one and converges subnet, wherein monitor transit node and be composed in series one by one the primary link of one or more network route, then jump its nearest primary link node of chosen distance as its routing forwarding node by the monitoring terminal node one that is distributed in each room, realize main chain formula route by netinit/phase of regeneration, data transfer phase, aggregation node is arranged in the center of monitored area, so that the interstitial content on each bar route main chain is balanced;
Described inquiry handheld terminal is arranged in the room of building according to personnel's distribution situation in the building, and indicator of trapped personnel takes when making things convenient for fire to occur; Described rescue handheld terminal is to be carried by the fire fighter who enters the scene of a fire when fire occurs.
Above-mentioned building fire intelligence salvage system based on Ubiquitous Network, described inquiry handheld terminal and rescue handheld terminal comprise the flush bonding processor unit, the screen display module that is connected with the flush bonding processor unit, 3G module II, RFID card reader module and function button; Described function button comprises " start " key, " auxiliary escape " key, " waiting for rescue " key and " auxiliary rescue " key.
Above-mentioned building fire intelligence salvage system based on Ubiquitous Network, described wireless aggregation node comprises ATMEL LINK-23X processor II, be responsible for the communication antenna II of all data in the transmitting/receiving wireless sensor network, the data transaction of being responsible for that ATMEL LINK-23X processor II is received becomes to meet the data of 3G communication format, but the data transaction of being responsible for simultaneously 3G communication format that Surveillance center's computer is transmitted becomes the TMS470M processor of wireless sense network recognition data, be responsible for the 3G module I with Surveillance center's compunication, be used for showing whether the work of current wireless aggregation node is normal, the operation indicating module II that emits beam when wireless aggregation node fault and warn, the reset terminal that is connected to the processor II also restarts the reset key III of wireless aggregation node when needed.
A kind of building fire intelligence rescue skills based on Ubiquitous Network, its special character is:
(1), adopt be laid in the rooms of buildings and the fire monitoring net in passageway, corridor, portability be used for obtaining scene of a fire real time information handheld terminal, be used for Surveillance center's computer of integrated environment monitoring that the fire monitoring net is covered, when fire occurs for the fire-fighting command terminal of the FCC outside the scene of a fire; Described fire monitoring net converges that subnet forms and by converging the wireless aggregation node of subnet by a plurality of, 3G network is connected with the Surveillance center computer, the described subnet that converges is the wireless sensor network that the fire monitoring node forms main chain formula topological structure by wireless sensor node, described handheld terminal comprises the rescue handheld terminal for the inquiry handheld terminal of indicator of trapped personnel in the scene of a fire and rescue personnel's use, handheld terminal is by its inner RFID card reader, RFID reads the RFID data label data that link reads near its fire monitoring node, carries out data interaction by 3G network and Surveillance center's computer;
(2), when fire occurs, after detecting the data that meet fire standard, the fire monitoring node sends the IE alert program by wireless sensor network and 3G network to Surveillance center's computer, reports the intensity of a fire information of each monitoring point;
(3), will inquire about handheld terminal and place open state, the inquiry handheld terminal sends handheld terminal ID data by 3G network to Surveillance center's computer, application for registration is proposed, and the RFID tag addresses data communication device that reads is crossed 3G network send to Surveillance center's computer, the intensity of a fire information that the RFID tag addresses data that Surveillance center's computer provides according to this inquiry handheld terminal and fire monitoring net provide sends escape map or best hedging place to this handheld terminal by 3G network;
(4), behind the fire monitoring zone in the fireman enters building, will rescue handheld terminal and place open state, handheld terminal will send handheld terminal ID data by 3G network to Surveillance center's computer, propose application for registration; The entrained rescue handheld terminal of fireman is crossed 3G network with the RFID tag addresses data communication device that reads and is sent to Surveillance center's computer, and Surveillance center's computer sends rescue supplementary by 3G network to the fireman according to current fireman position, the scene of a fire intensity of a fire and the indicator of trapped personnel position determined by registered inquiry handheld terminal;
(5), the network monitoring data that Surveillance center's computer operation process comprises initialization and the wireless monitor network of recombinating, the wireless aggregation node of Collection and analysis are uploaded, diagnostic network robustness, Real-Time Monitoring State of alarm, location handheld terminal, generation escape and rescue map, execution remote inquiry and scheduling; When carrying out location handheld terminal function, Surveillance center's computer receives the RFID tag addresses data that specific handheld terminal reads by 3G network, and with after the RFID label position dictionary contrast of safeguarding in this address date and the local data base, find the physical location of label; Surveillance center's computer sends map by 3G network to specific rescue handheld terminal according to the position of rescue handheld terminal, terminal location that the trapped person holds and in real time intensity of a fire Information generation escape or rescue route map, and the scheduling fireman implements relief;
(6), the fire-fighting command terminal is connected the outside FCC in the scene of a fire by 3G network with the Surveillance center computer, realization fire-fighting command official is to treating the inquiry of fireman's location distribution information in rescue personnel position, the scene of a fire in the scene of a fire intensity of a fire, the scene of a fire; The fire-fighting command official to the data aggregate analysis after, by 3G network Long-distance Control Surveillance center computer, by Surveillance center's computer by 3G network to the issue dispatching command of the specific rescue handheld terminal in the scene of a fire with send the rescue map.
Above-mentioned building fire intelligence rescue skills based on Ubiquitous Network, when label is positioned at the corridor, the position line midpoint of 2 labels that read for position or its of its 1 label that reads coarse localization handheld terminal position, the worst error of location
Minimum value for RFID card reader read range; When label is positioned at certain room, Surveillance center's computer estimates that handheld terminal is positioned at this room and can satisfies the search and rescue needs.
The above-mentioned building fire intelligence rescue skills based on Ubiquitous Network, the described inquiry handheld terminal course of work is as follows:
A. read locator data: after the start, press " auxiliary escape " key, perhaps wait for rescue in the hedging place or trapped person's impotentia when escaping voluntarily as the trapped person, press " waiting for rescue " button of inquiry handheld terminal, the RFID card reader in the inquiry handheld terminal begins to read the RFID tag addresses of monitoring node in its communication range;
B. upload locator data: send to Surveillance center's computer by 3G network after the RFID information that the handheld terminal handle reads and the local address information package;
C. locating query handheld terminal: Surveillance center's computer estimates this terminal position according to the positioning principle of handheld terminal;
D. generate best-effort path figure: Surveillance center's computer generates best best-effort path figure according to the handheld terminal position of fire monitoring data, monitored area map and the estimation of receiving, perhaps best hedging path profile, reply to the inquiry handheld terminal, and be presented on the display screen of this terminal;
E. upgrade best-effort path figure: Surveillance center's computer adopts event driven manner to the renewal of best-effort path figure, when Surveillance center's computer monitoring to " the best best-effort path " that sent to the inquiry handheld terminal when being blocked by the intensity of a fire, monitoring host computer will be inquired about corresponding handheld terminal position by 3G network, receive that the handheld terminal of query requests reads the RFID address information of the monitoring node in its communication range, beam back Surveillance center's computer, wait for again being positioned, upgrade path profile.
The above-mentioned building fire intelligence rescue skills based on Ubiquitous Network, described rescue handheld terminal has automatically auxiliary rescue mode, proactive command rescue mode and SOS function; Priority is followed successively by SOS function, proactive command rescue mode, automatic auxiliary rescue mode from high to low;
The SOS function is carried out the inquiry handheld terminal course of work for when fireman self is in danger, press " auxiliary escape " button or " waiting for rescue " button, after respective keys message is received by Surveillance center, with this terminal of preference return " best best-effort path map " or " best hedging situational map ";
The rescue handheld terminal realizes that the course of work of auxiliary rescue mode and proactive command rescue mode is as follows:
A. the fireman who enters the scene of a fire presses " auxiliary rescue " button, and the RFID card reader in the handheld terminal begins to read the RFID tag addresses that it closes on monitoring node;
B. handheld terminal sends to Surveillance center's computer by 3G network after the RFID information that reads and local address information package;
C. the system default rescue mode is automatically auxiliary rescue mode, after Surveillance center's computer receives the interruption position data, automatically calculate generation apart from fireman's path profile nearest, the accessibility person of waiting for rescue according to scene of a fire landform, the person of waiting for rescue and fireman's positional information, and send to fireman's rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, be presented on the screen of rescue handheld terminal;
D. when adopting the proactive command rescue mode, choose rescue personnel and trapped person position by the command centre outside the scene of a fire by long-range connection, send to Surveillance center's computer, Surveillance center's computer sends the interruptive command request by 3G network to selected rescue handheld terminal, the handheld terminal of receiving message will stop automatically to assist the rescue work process, read the RFID tag addresses data of the monitoring node in its communication range, beam back Surveillance center's computer; The trapped person that Surveillance center's computer is chosen according to scene of a fire landform, by FCC and fireman's position generate accessibility rescue path figure, and send to the rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, are presented on the screen of this terminal.
The above-mentioned building fire intelligence rescue skills based on Ubiquitous Network, the self-organizing main chain formula route implementing process that converges subnet comprises the steps:
A. each converges a wireless aggregation node is set in the subnet, and is arranged in the center of monitored area, has the function of initiating networking and gathering the subnet data in the networking process;
B. monitor transit node and be distributed in the corridor, the layout distance of adjacent two monitoring transit nodes satisfies
, and if only if
, wherein
Be the minimum value of RFID card reader read range,
Be the maximum of RFID card reader read range,
Be width of corridor, it is the primary link of one or more network route that a plurality of wireless monitor transit nodes in the network organize themselves into, and forms the network topology structure of main chain formula;
C. the monitoring terminal node is distributed in the room, both sides, corridor, networks by Ad hoc mode, and monitoring terminal node one is jumped and is connected to nearest monitoring transit node, finally by the Radio Link realization of main chain formula and being connected and transfer of data of wireless aggregation node;
D. the network self-healing function when occurring failure node or newly added node in the network, is repaired network by the network Reconstruction of The Function.
The above-mentioned building fire intelligence rescue skills based on Ubiquitous Network, describedly repair network by the network Reconstruction of The Function and refer to when failure node or newly added node appear in the monitoring terminal node, only need deletion or interpolation respective nodes information in the neighbors table that the monitoring transit node nearest apart from it safeguarded, then the data of upgrading are uploaded to wireless aggregation node along main chain; When failure node occurring in the main chain that converges subnet, when if the monitoring transit node is not all received the supervisory messages of uploading from chain upper hop transfer neighbors in three wake-up periods, think that then this node lost efficacy, break away from main chain, begin to rebuild main chain this moment, and invite the terminal member node of failure node to add network.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is by being laid in the rooms of buildings and the fire monitoring net in passageway, corridor, handheld terminal that portability is used for obtaining scene of a fire real time information, being used for the Surveillance center of integrated environment monitoring that fire monitoring net monitoring node is covered, having made up one for the co-ordination of a plurality of subsystems of fire-fighting command terminal of the FCC outside the scene of a fire overlap the intelligent linkage system that can effectively assist fire to save oneself and succour when fire occurs.This system converges subnet by the ad-hoc wireless networking technology connection fire monitoring node formation of main chain formula topology, have the advantages such as low-power consumption, low cost and low complex degree, make things convenient for the laying of network node, improved the upper transfer efficiency of Monitoring Data, and strengthened the survivability of network; By the RFID technology indicator of trapped personnel in the fire and the position that enters the fire fighter in the scene of a fire are identified, data communication device is crossed 3G network be transferred to Surveillance center, and can carry out the inquiry of scene of a fire real-time status by 3G network for the FCC of building external, make things convenient for Surveillance center to generate effective escape route figure, helped the fire fighter to formulate effective relief scheme; By 3G network handheld terminal is connected with Surveillance center, carries out data interaction, targetedly guiding in real time indicator of trapped personnel escape instructs the rescue personnel to implement relief, has striven for rescue time.The present invention can be used for fire hazard monitoring and the relief of skyscraper and complex-terrain environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the subnet workflow diagram is converged in wireless aggregation node establishment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is monitoring transit node networking workflow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is monitoring terminal node networking workflow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that monitoring transit node of the present invention is rebuild job stream of network journey figure;
Fig. 6 is wireless monitor node hardware structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is wireless aggregation node hardware structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the hardware structure diagram of handheld terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 9 inquiry handheld terminal of the present invention workflow diagram;
Figure 10 is the auxiliary rescue work flow chart of rescue handheld terminal of the present invention;
Figure 11 is that handheld terminal of the present invention is located principle schematic in the corridor;
Figure 12 is Surveillance center of the present invention computer system software functional structure chart.
Among the figure: 1, monitoring terminal node, 2, the monitoring transit node, 3, wireless aggregation node, 4, converge subnet, 5, Surveillance center's computer, 6, handheld terminal, 7, the fire-fighting command terminal, 8, RFID reads link.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the present invention is done further detailed description.
1, system constructing
As shown in Figure 1, comprise and be laid in the rooms of buildings and the fire monitoring net in passageway, corridor, portability is used for obtaining the handheld terminal 6 of scene of a fire real time information, Surveillance center's computer 5 that the integrated environment that is used for that the fire monitoring net is covered is monitored, when fire occurs for the fire-fighting command terminal 7 of the FCC outside the scene of a fire, described fire monitoring net is connected with Surveillance center computer 5 by 3G network by a plurality of wireless aggregation nodes 3 that converge subnet 4, and converging subnet 4 is the wireless sensor network of the main chain formula topological structure that forms of wireless sensor node by the fire monitoring node; Described handheld terminal 6 comprises the inquiry handheld terminal and rescues two kinds of handheld terminals, the RFID card reader of handheld terminal 6 inside reads the RFID label data that link 8 reads near fire monitoring node it by RFID, carries out data interaction by 3G network and Surveillance center's computer 5; Concrete layout is as follows:
1) layout of fire monitoring node
The fire monitoring node comprises that wireless monitor transit node 2 and wireless monitoring terminal node 1 are arranged in the corridor and room of building, respectively monitor transit node 2 distances and width of corridor and RFID Card Reader distance dependent in the corridor, as shown in figure 11, establishing R is that RFID reads distance, because
, wherein
Be the minimum value of RFID card reader read range,
Maximum for RFID card reader read range.If get
, then round A, C, E be respectively take A, C, E as the center of circle, with
RBe the circle of radius, circle A and circle C intersect at D, F 2 points, and line segment AC and FD intersect at a G.In conjunction with Figure 11, can think that then an A, C, E are the position of monitoring node in practice of construction, straight line AD and BC are the corridor side walls, and AB is width of corridor AB=2
a, the corridor is divided into the zone of a plurality of and regional ABCQ congruence, and the below illustrates that as an example of regional ABCQ example RFID reads minimum range and is
, system requirements
, ask the distance A C of two monitoring nodes of adjacent layout.According to known conditions, among the triangle GFC, GP=a, FC=
, GC=AC/2=x, GF=y can get equation group:
, solve an equation
, and if only if
If get
,
The time,
, namely working as width of corridor is 4 meters, gets
R(suppose that RFID Card Reader distance is when being 6 meters
Extremely
Rice), adjacent monitoring transit node 2 is installed on the both sides in corridor, and ultimate range is about 11 meters.At this moment, if it is mobile in square region ABCQ that the handheld terminal of RFID card reader is housed, in theory, when terminal is in regional M, can only read the RFID label of node A; When terminal is in regional K, can read two tag addresses of node A and C; When the N of terminal area, can only read the tag addresses of node C.Because RFID Card Reader distance is certain limit, the actual range of regional K is greater than the theoretical scope of regional K shown in Figure 11, but can guarantee that the RFID card reader is in regional ABCQ, namely
, the number of tags that reads can not be less than 1 all the time.
Under this node arrangement, for the RFID number of tags that handheld terminal is read in square region ABCQ is no more than 2, when namely node is arranged, require in the regional ABCQ minimum range apart from both sides neighbors H, E greater than RFID Card Reader ultimate range
, namely
Or
According to triangular relationship shown in Figure 11, can be calculated the minimum range of CE
If get this moment
The time, the minimum range that can calculate CE is about 9 meters.So the layout distance of adjacent monitoring node in the corridor is 9 to 11 meters, can guarantee that the number of tags that the RFID card reader reads in regional ABCQ is 1 to 2.
In sum, when RFID card reader reading range
The time, for the convenient position of estimating handheld terminal 6, make the RFID card reader in the corridor, can read all the time 1 to 2 label data, require the layout distance of adjacent two monitoring nodes to satisfy
, and if only if
, wherein
Be the minimum value of RFID read range,
Be the maximum of RFID read range,
Be width of corridor.At this moment, the position line midpoint of 2 labels that read for position or its of its 1 label that reads coarse localization handheld terminal position, the worst error of location
This arrangement has effectively reduced the layout quantity of monitoring node under the prerequisite that guarantees RFID covering quality and system's positioning function, reduced system cost.
Suppose that width of corridor is 4 meters, RFID Card Reader distance is 6 to 8 meters, and then two adjacent monitoring node distances are 9 to 11 meters.
Corridor corner requires to arrange separately a monitoring transit node 2, and monitoring transit node 2 is corresponding and unique one by one with local RFID tag addresses in the corridor; Because area generally is no more than 140 square metres, can be evenly arranged 2 to 3 monitoring terminal nodes 1 according to real area in the room, different unanimously and from other rooms and corridor of the RFID tag addresses of monitoring terminal node 1 every room in.But this arrangement is the interior contingent fire condition of comprehensive monitoring building on the one hand, can guarantee that on the other hand handheld terminal reads the RFID label information of one or two monitoring node in the monitored area, is used for the location of reading of RFID label.When fire occured, the fire monitoring node was reported the intensity of a fire information of each monitoring point by wireless network and 3G network to Surveillance center's computer, and Surveillance center's computer will obtain best best-effort path by data analysis.
(2) self-organizing of fire monitoring network.A plurality of fire monitoring nodes of each floor level and one are wireless, and aggregation node 3 forms wireless sense networks and consists of one converges subnet.Because the skyscraper landform is generally long and narrow corridor, and in a plurality of rooms of parallel distribution, its both sides, under this specific environment, use the Zigbee agreement to increase the complexity of MANET process, therefore the present invention is directed to concrete environment for use proposes a kind of main chain formula route implementation method.This implementation method is divided into two stages: netinit/phase of regeneration, data transfer phase.At netinit/phase of regeneration, the mode of the fire monitoring node in this floor level by self-organizing forms one and converges subnet, makes any one node in the network can realize multi-hop data transmission with wireless aggregation node; Behind the netinit, the fire monitoring node begins data transfer phase, and the fire monitoring node is uploaded Monitoring Data according to whether fire alarm occurring with different frequency hop-by-hops; In data transmission procedure, if occur the transfer terminal node 2 of inefficacy in the network, node will change the network phase of regeneration over to, begin to repair network.
Main chain formula routing mode topological structure is the primary link that is composed in series one by one one or more network route by the monitoring transit node 2 in the corridor, then jumps its nearest primary link node of chosen distance as its routing forwarding node by the monitoring terminal node 1 one that is distributed in each room.Monitoring terminal node 1 in each room has the function of image data, uploading data as the terminal node of network; Monitoring transit node 2 in the corridor has the function of image data, uploading data and forwarding data as the transit node of network.
The Monitoring Data that monitoring terminal node 1 and monitoring transit node 2 obtain will converge to wireless aggregation node 3 along the main chain formula topology hop-by-hop of network, and wireless aggregation node 3 is transferred to Surveillance center's computer 5 to the Monitoring Data that gathers by 3G network.In order to make the interstitial content on each bar route main chain balanced, wireless aggregation node 3 will be arranged in the center of monitored area.
(3) layout of inquiry handheld terminal.The inquiry handheld terminal is arranged in the room of building according to personnel's distribution situation in the building, and indicator of trapped personnel takes in the time of making things convenient for fire to occur.When fire occurs, will inquire about handheld terminal and place open state, the inquiry handheld terminal will propose applications for registration to Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network, and the RFID tag addresses data communication device that reads is crossed 3G network send to Surveillance center's computer 5.The intensity of a fire information that the RFID tag addresses data that Surveillance center's computer 5 will provide according to this handheld terminal and fire monitoring net provide sends escape map or best hedging place to this handheld terminal by 3G network.
(4) layout of rescue handheld terminal.The rescue handheld terminal is to be carried by the fire fighter who enters the scene of a fire when fire occurs.When fire occurs, will rescue handheld terminal and place open state, the rescue handheld terminal will propose application for registration to Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network; Behind the fire monitoring zone in the fireman enters building, entrained rescue handheld terminal is crossed 3G network with the RFID tag addresses data communication device that reads and is sent to Surveillance center's computer 5.Surveillance center's computer 5 can be crossed 3G network according to information exchanges such as current fireman position, the scene of a fire intensity of a fire and indicator of trapped personnel position (positions of registered inquiry handheld terminal) and send the rescue supplementary to the fireman, as nearest accessibility trapped person's situational map is provided to the fireman.
(5) fire-fighting command terminal 7 is computer or portable equipments for surfing the net that the 3G module is housed, can be when fire occur, realize long-range connection of FCC and Surveillance center computer 5 outside the scene of a fire.Fire-fighting command terminal 7 is connected with Surveillance center computer 5 by 3G network, realizes that the fire-fighting command official is to treating the inquiry of fireman's location distribution information in rescue personnel position, the scene of a fire in the scene of a fire intensity of a fire, the scene of a fire; The fire-fighting command official to the data aggregate analysis after, by 3G network Long-distance Control Surveillance center computer 5, Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network to the issue dispatching command of the specific rescue handheld terminal in the scene of a fire with send the rescue map.
(6) software systems of Surveillance center's computer 5 have initialization and restructuring wireless monitor network, Collection and analysis Monitoring Data, location handheld terminal, generate escape and relief map, remote inquiry and scheduling feature.When carrying out location handheld terminal function, Surveillance center's computer 5 receives the RFID tag addresses data that specific handheld terminal reads by 3G network, and with after the RFID label position dictionary contrast of safeguarding in this address date and the local data base, find the physical location of label; When label is positioned at the corridor, then estimate the handheld terminal position according to handheld terminal of the present invention positioning principle in the corridor; When label is positioned at certain room, estimate that then handheld terminal is positioned at this room and can satisfies the search and rescue needs.When carrying out the remote scheduling function, FCC outside the scene of a fire is used the fire-fighting command terminal by the related data on the 3G network query monitor central computer 5, Surveillance center's computer 5 is according to the position of rescue handheld terminal, terminal location that the trapped person holds and in real time intensity of a fire Information generation escape or rescue route map, send map by 3G network to specific rescue handheld terminal, the scheduling fireman implements relief.
2, handheld terminal location
When fire occurs, when the trapped person in the scene of a fire or rescuer register handheld terminal 6, read the RFID tag addresses data of monitoring node in its communication range by the RFID card reader of handheld terminal 6 inside, and a data communication device that reads is crossed 3G network send to Surveillance center's computer 5.The label that reads when handheld terminal 6 is positioned at certain room, namely reads the built-in RFID label of monitoring terminal node 1, and Surveillance center's computer 5 estimates that handheld terminals 6 are positioned at this room and can satisfy the search and rescue needs; The label that reads when handheld terminal 6 is positioned at the corridor, namely read the built-in RFID label of monitoring transit node 2, Surveillance center's computer 5 extracts corresponding monitoring transit node 2 position datas according to RFID tag addresses information in database, thereby roughly estimates at that time present position of handheld terminal 6.According to the distribution of monitoring transit node 2, handheld terminal 6 can read the RFID tag addresses of 1 monitoring transit node at least, reads at most to be no more than 2 monitoring transit node RFID tag addresses.Because the Card Reader of remote RF ID is certain limit apart from d, namely
If handheld terminal 6 is read-only to 1 tag addresses of monitoring the RFID of transit node 2, can determine roughly that then this handheld terminal 6 is positioned at the position of this monitoring transit node; If read the tag addresses of the RFID of 2 monitoring transit nodes 2, can estimate that then this handheld terminal 6 is positioned on the line mid point of these two monitoring transit nodes 2.When the trapped person waits for rescue in the hedging place or trapped person's impotentia when escaping voluntarily, press " waiting for rescue " button of inquiry handheld terminal, the inquiry handheld terminal will be collected the RFID tag addresses data in its communication range again, send to Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network, in order to be positioned, wait for rescue;
3, the dynamic indication of best-effort path
When fire occurs, Surveillance center's computer 5 is according to the comprehensive assessment of present position three aspects: data when each converges that terrain data and trapped person are cried for help in intensity of a fire information that subnet 4 uploads, the building in the fire monitoring net, obtain the map in the best hedging of best best-effort path or arrival place, send to handheld terminal 6 by 3G network, be presented on the display screen of handheld terminal 6; Spreading or controlled along with the intensity of a fire, the intensity of a fire information in the scene of a fire is real-time change, when the former best best-effort path that monitors certain handheld terminal 6 when Surveillance center's computer 5 is blocked by the intensity of a fire, Surveillance center's computer 5 will by 3G network to this handheld terminal 6 send " position enquiring request information; the handheld terminal 6 of receiving this message will read its at that time RFID data in the communication range; and beam back Surveillance center's computer 5 is waited for again being positioned, and upgrades best-effort path; When all best-effort path are blocked, Surveillance center's computer 5 will provide best hedging situational map for the trapped person according to terrain data in trapped person's positional information and the building, to wait for rescue; When the intensity of a fire is controlled, when the trapped person is non-life-threatening, Surveillance center's computer 5 will send " all clear " (Remove_Alarm_Msg) message to whole handheld terminals 6, to reduce the generation of secondary injures and deaths;
4, rescue indication
When fire occurs, by the locking to trapped person in the scene of a fire and fireman position, Surveillance center's computer 5 generates the situational map nearest, the accessibility person of waiting for rescue apart from the fireman automatically according to scene of a fire landform, trapped person and fireman's position, and send to fireman's rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, and be presented on the screen of handheld terminal, realize automatically auxiliary rescue; Perhaps by fire-fighting command terminal 7 by treating fireman's position distribution in rescue personnel position, the scene of a fire in the scene of a fire real-time status on the 3G network remote inquiry Surveillance center computer 5, the scene of a fire, the commanding to these data aggregate analyses after, carry out command scheduling by fireman in 7 pairs of scenes of a fire of fire-fighting command terminal, realize the proactive command rescue; In the proactive command rescue mode, fire-fighting command terminal 7 is beamed back Surveillance center's computer 5 to selected fireman and object information to be rescued by 3G network, the best from the fireman to object to be rescued can arrive the path to Surveillance center's computer 5 according to scene of a fire landform and intensity of a fire state computation, and path map is sent to selected fireman.
Hardware, the software configuration of native system are described in detail as follows:
Fig. 2,3,4 is respectively wireless aggregation node 3 of the present invention, monitoring transit node 2, monitoring terminal node 1 networking workflow diagram, has illustrated and has converged the route implementation method that subnet 4 initialization procedures adopt.A kind of main chain formula route implementation method that proposes for concrete environment for use will converge node in the subnet 4 according to different wireless aggregation node 3, monitoring transit node 2 and the monitoring terminal nodes 1 of being divided into of function of living in and position, and these nodes have formed the main chain formula topological structure of network by Ad hoc mode.Wireless aggregation node 3 converges at each only has one in the subnet, as shown in Figure 2, in the networking process, have the function of initiating networking and gathering the subnet data; Monitoring transit node 2 is the monitoring nodes that are distributed in the corridor, and self-organizing enters network process as shown in Figure 3, has formed many data main chains that are connected to wireless aggregation node 3; Monitoring terminal node 1 is the monitoring node that is distributed in the room, both sides, corridor, it enters network process as shown in Figure 4, monitoring terminal node 1 one is jumped and is connected to nearest monitoring transit node 2, finally along the data main chain Monitoring Data hop-by-hop is uploaded to wireless aggregation node 3.
Converge subnet 4 initialization procedure message formats and implication and see Table 1
| Message name | Contained field | The expression implication |
| Init_SetupChain | [local node ID, position coordinates] | Broadcasted to the monitoring transit node in the communication range by aggregation node, expression begins to set up converges subnet; |
| Ans_SetupChain | [local node ID, aggregation node ID, local position coordinate] | Receive the transit node answer aggregation node of Init_SetupCha message, represent that it can become a hop node of aggregation node; |
| Invit_SetupChain | [aggregation node ID is invited to node ID] | Receive transit node that the aggregation node of Ans_SetupChain message selects " setpoint distance " as a hop node, and to inviting these nodes to send invitation; |
| Ok_SetupChain | [local node ID, aggregation node ID] | By receiving that the node that Invit_SetupChain invites replies to aggregation node, expression has added main chain; |
| Invit_JoinChain | [local node ID, position coordinates] | The transit node that adds main chain to do not add main chain the broadcasting of monitoring transit node, expression looks for next-hop node to add main chain; |
| Ans_JoinChain | [local node ID, destination node ID, local position coordinate] | By replying to the destination node of choosing after the node calculating selection of receiving Invit_JoinChain message, represent that it can become a hop node of destination node; |
| Conf_JoinChain | [local node ID, destination node ID] | By replying to the destination node of choosing after the node calculating selection of receiving Ans_JoinChain message, expression determines that this destination node is a hop node of local node; |
| Invit_JoinNode | [local node ID, position coordinates] | To the monitoring terminal node broadcasts, expression is sought its member node by the transit node that becomes the main chain member; |
| Ans_JoinNode | [local node ID, destination node ID, local position coordinate] | By replying to the destination node of choosing after the node calculating selection of receiving Invit_JoinNode message, expression determines to become the member node of this destination node; |
| Ok_JoinChain | [local node ID, local coordinate system, contained member node ID and position] | By adding main chain and looking for the transit node hop-by-hop of the person's of finishing node to reply to aggregation node, expression is ready uploading data |
| Monitor_Data | [local node ID, next-hop node ID, Monitoring Data bag] | The Monitoring Data of being uploaded along main chain by monitoring node. |
Wherein the transit node of " setpoint distance " is to determine according to the density of monitored area transit node, be set in 2-4 monitoring transit node arranged in " setpoint distance ", " with interior 4 monitoring transit nodes are arranged apart from 10 meters of aggregation nodes " in the present embodiment, then aggregation node extracts position and the ID of letter in reply node from the Ans_SetupChain message of replying, choose 10 meters of local distances after the calculating with interior node, send Invit_SetupChain message to it." whether receive all * * message " among the figure and refer to when a certain node and in 3s, do not receive or no longer receive certain message, think that then this node received all certain message.
This route implementation method has the network self-healing function, when failure node or newly added node appear in monitoring terminal node 1, only need deletion or interpolation respective nodes information in the neighbors table that the monitoring transit node nearest apart from it 2 safeguarded, then the data of upgrading are uploaded to wireless aggregation node 3 along main chain and get final product.When failure node occurring in the main chain that converges subnet 4, the workflow of monitoring transit node 2 as shown in Figure 5 in the network self-healing process.When the node on the main chain is not all received the Monitor_Data message of uploading from chain upper hop transfer neighbors in three wake-up periods (wake-up period of wireless monitor node is 30 seconds), think that then this node lost efficacy, break away from main chain, need to rebuild main chain this moment, and invite the terminal member node of failure node to add network.Wherein message format and the implication of node transmitting-receiving see Table 2:
| Message name | Contained field | The expression implication |
| Invite_ReJoinChain | [local node ID, failure node ID] | Broadcasted to neighbors by the monitoring transit node of finding failure node, expression needs to rebuild network; |
| Ans_ReJoinChain | [local node ID, destination node ID] | Receive that Invite_ReJoinChain message and the monitoring intermediate transit point of jumping neighbors for failure node one reply to the node of posting a letter, and represent that it can become a hop node of the node of posting a letter; |
| Conf_ReJoinChain | [local node ID, destination node ID] | Confirm that the node of replying Ans_ReJoinChain is the jumping routing node after rebuilding; |
| Ans_ReJoinNode | [local node ID, position coordinates] | By receiving that Invite_ReJoinChain invites and for the monitoring terminal node of failure node terminal neighbors replies to the node of posting a letter, expression confirms to add the node of posting a letter; |
| No_Rebuilt | [local node ID] | Behind the main chain reconstruction failure, uploaded to the aggregation node hop-by-hop by the monitoring transit node of finding failure node; |
| Ok_Rebuilt | [local node ID, local routing table, member node table] | After main chain is rebuild successfully, uploaded to the aggregation node hop-by-hop by the monitoring transit node of finding failure node; |
As shown in Figure 6, wireless monitor node (comprise wireless monitoring terminal node 1 are connected with the wireless monitor transit node) internal module annexation is: ATMEL LINK-23X processor I, the temperature that is connected with ATMEL LINK-23X processor I by bus and Smoke Sensor module, sound and light alarm module, operation indicating module I, reset key I, active RFID tag; Wireless transport module in the ATMEL LINK-23X processor I directly is connected with the communication antenna I, and when having fire to occur, the monitoring node in the network sends warning message by communication antenna to the monitoring node hop-by-hop near root node.Sensor assembly adopts the ionic formula transducer, after detecting the data that meet fire standard, sends the IE alert program to ATMEL LINK-23X processor I.The sound and light alarm module is sounded and the high light warning when having fire to occur.The operation indicating module shows whether present node work is normal, because fault or other reasons can't add network the time, caution emits beam when node; Successfully adding network by Ad hoc mode after node failure is got rid of is that warning lamp extinguishes.The reset key I is connected to the reset terminal of ATMEL LINK-23X processor I, restarts when needed probe node.Active RFID tag is connected the power supply that is provided by the control of ATMEL LINK-23X processor I when having fire to occur, outwards send radiofrequency signal, uses for handheld terminal 6.The employing 9V powered battery of wireless monitor node, the most of the time is in resting state.Under State of alarm, the wireless monitor node was revived once every 30 seconds, " health status " that wait down hop neighbors is uploaded be message (Alive_State_Msg), after receiving this message, reply " Reply_Msg " message, then send " Alive_State_Msg " to its upper hop neighbors, receive after the upper hop neighbors is replied to enter resting state.When having wireless monitoring node to sense monitoring parameter to exceed normal value, send " alarm of fire " (Fire_Alarm_Msg) message, this message is through converging the wireless aggregation node 3 of subnet 4, upload to Surveillance center's computer by 3G network, monitoring center's main frame 5 of receiving " Fire_Alarm_Msg " sends " fire alarm unlatching " (Start_Alarm_Msg) message by 3G network to all wireless aggregation nodes 3, wireless aggregation node 3 sends " Start_Alarm_Msg " by converging subnet 4 to contained monitoring node, forwarded hop-by-hop through monitoring node, the monitoring node of receiving message changes the state of intercepting immediately over to, and Monitoring Data was uploaded at every interval in 5 seconds.
As shown in Figure 7, wireless aggregation node 3 internal module annexations are ATMEL LINK-23X processor II, 3G module I, and the communication antenna II that directly is connected with ATMEL LINK-23X processor II is responsible for all data in the transmitting/receiving wireless sensing network; The TMS470M processor, the data transaction of being responsible for that ATMEL LINK-23X processor II is received becomes to meet the data of 3G communication format, 3G module I in system transmits to Surveillance center's computer 5, transmits in wireless sensor network by ATMEL LINK-23X processor II but be responsible for simultaneously converting the data query that Surveillance center's computer 5 transmits to the wireless sensor network recognition data; Operation indicating module II shows whether current aggregation node work is normal, and caution emits beam when node failure.The reset key II is connected to the reset terminal of processor, restarts when needed wireless aggregation node 3.Wireless aggregation node 3 adopts the 5V Power supply.A plurality of wireless monitor nodes 1 Radio Link by main chain formula topology that converges in the subnet 4 is connected with wireless aggregation node 3.The monitoring node table of subnet is converged at wireless aggregation node 3 local maintenance person places, and it is in the state of intercepting all the time as the root node that converges subnet 4, waits for node status information or fire monitoring sensing data that monitoring node is uploaded along the tree topology hop-by-hop.Under State of alarm, wireless aggregation node 3 is transmitted to Surveillance center's computer 5 to this message by 3G network after receiving neighbors " Alive_State_Msg " message, represents that this monitored area of converging subnet 4 is without fire alarm.When having node to find fire alarm, wireless aggregation node 3 is being transmitted to Surveillance center's computer 5 through " Fire_Alarm_Msg " message that converges the subnet forwarded hop-by-hop by 3G network, owing to comprise in this message and sense the fire alarm address of node, the monitoring node address table of Surveillance center's computer 5 by safeguarding in the comparison local data base inquires the particular location that fire alarm occurs.When failure node or newly added node occurring in converging subnet 4, wireless aggregation node 3 upgrades local monitoring node table, and notice Surveillance center computer 5, upgrades data table related.
As shown in Figure 8, handheld terminal 6 6000mAh lithium battery power supply, according to using object different, be divided into inquiry handheld terminal and rescue handheld terminal, the inquiry handheld terminal is for the trapped person, the rescue handheld terminal is for the rescue personnel who enters the scene of a fire, and the two hardware configuration is identical, realizes difference in functionality by software.Handheld terminal 6 internal module annexations are: flush bonding processor unit, the screen display module that is connected with the flush bonding processor unit, real-time demonstration escape route figure or relief route map when fire occurs; Be connected folding 3G module II and RFID card reader module with the flush bonding processor unit, be responsible for processing and the communicating by letter and read the positional information of handheld terminal 6 in the scene of a fire of Surveillance center computer 5; Be connected to the reset key III of flush bonding processor unit reset terminal, restart when needed handheld terminal; Function button with the flush bonding processor unit is connected comprises " start " key, " auxiliary escape " key, " waiting for rescue " key and " auxiliary rescue " key.When fire occured, trapped person or rescuer took behind the handheld terminal, press " start " key, and the 3G modular unit in the handheld terminal will send handheld terminal ID data to Surveillance center's computer, with registration.
As shown in Figure 9, inquiry handheld terminal workflow diagram.When fire alarm occurs, the indicator of trapped personnel inquiry handheld terminal of taking, after the start, press " auxiliary escape " key, RFID card reader in the handheld terminal 6 begins to read the RFID tag addresses of monitoring node in its communication range, send to Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network after 6 RFID information that read of handheld terminal and the local address information package, Surveillance center's computer 5 estimates this terminal position according to the positioning principle of handheld terminal.Then, Surveillance center's computer 5 generates best best-effort path figure according to the handheld terminal position of fire monitoring data, monitored area map and the estimation of receiving, replies to the inquiry handheld terminal, and is presented on the display screen of this terminal.When the trapped person waits for rescue in the hedging place or trapped person's impotentia when escaping voluntarily, press " waiting for rescue " button of inquiry handheld terminal, the inquiry handheld terminal will be collected the RFID label data in its communication range again, send to Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network, in order to be positioned, wait for rescue.
The rescue handheld terminal is carried by the fire-fighting and rescue personnel that enter the scene of a fire, has automatically auxiliary rescue mode, proactive command rescue mode and SOS function.Priority is followed successively by SOS function, proactive command rescue mode, automatic auxiliary rescue mode from high to low.Wherein, the SOS function is carried out inquiry handheld terminal workflow, when fireman self is in danger, press " auxiliary escape " button or " waiting for rescue " button, after Surveillance center's computer 5 is received respective keys message, with this terminal of preference return " best best-effort path map " or " best hedging situational map ".
As shown in figure 10, the auxiliary rescue work flow chart of rescue handheld terminal.Auxiliary rescue is divided into two kinds of automatically auxiliary rescue mode, proactive command rescue modes.The fireman who enters the scene of a fire presses " auxiliary rescue " button, RFID card reader in the handheld terminal 6 begins to read the RFID tag addresses that it closes on monitoring node, sends to Surveillance center's computer 5 by 3G network after 6 RFID information that read of handheld terminal and the local address information package.The system default rescue mode is automatically auxiliary rescue mode, after Surveillance center's computer 5 receives the interruption position data, automatically calculate generation apart from fireman's path profile nearest, the accessibility person of waiting for rescue according to scene of a fire landform, the person of waiting for rescue and fireman's positional information, and send to fireman's rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, be presented on the screen of handheld terminal.When adopting the proactive command rescue mode, choose rescue personnel and trapped person position by the command centre outside the scene of a fire by long-range connection, send to Surveillance center's computer 5 by fire-fighting command terminal 7, Surveillance center's computer 5 sends " MonitCent_InterOrder " (interruptive command request) message by 3G network to selected rescue handheld terminal, the handheld terminal of receiving this message will stop automatically to assist the rescue work process, read the RFID tag addresses data of the monitoring node in its communication range, beam back Surveillance center's computer 5.Surveillance center's computer 5 generates accessibility rescue path figure according to scene of a fire landform, trapped person and fireman's position, and sends to the rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, is presented on the screen of this terminal.
5 couples of best-effort path figure of Surveillance center's computer are updated to event driven manner.Variation along with the intensity of a fire, when Surveillance center's computer 5 monitors " optimal path " that sent to handheld terminal 6 and is blocked by the intensity of a fire, Surveillance center's computer 5 will send " MonitCent_PosQuerry " (position enquiring request) message to corresponding handheld terminal by 3G network, receive that the handheld terminal 6 of this message reads the RFID address information of the monitoring node in its communication range, beam back Surveillance center's computer 5, wait for again being positioned, upgrade path profile.
Handheld terminal course of work messaging form and implication see Table 3:
| Message name | Contained field | The expression implication |
| CheckTerm_RegistMsg | [Termination ID, the RFID label data bag that reads] | Sent to Surveillance center's computer by handheld terminal, expression needs Surveillance center's computer to provide best-effort path figure for this terminal; |
| CheckTerm_HelpMsg | [Termination ID, the RFID label data bag that reads] | Sent to the Surveillance center computer by handheld terminal and to show and need Surveillance center's computer for it provides best hedging map, wait for rescue; |
| MonitCent_PosQuerry | [purpose Termination ID] | Sent to particular terminal by Surveillance center's computer, the expression intensity of a fire changes, and former best-effort path lost efficacy, need to regenerate path profile. |
| SaveTerm_ RegistMsg | [Termination ID, the RFID label data bag that reads] | Sent to Surveillance center's computer by the rescue handheld terminal, expression is waited for and is received auxiliary rescue/order rescue path figure; |
| MonitCent_InterOrder | [purpose Termination ID] | Sent to particular terminal by Surveillance center's computer, there is the rescue order in expression command centre, regenerates rescue path figure. |
The flush bonding processor unit of handheld terminal adopts the S3C2410 controller of the SAMSUNG ARM9 of company framework; RFID card reader/writer module can adopt the AS3992 UHF RFID card reader/writer base station ic of Austrian Microtronic A/S, ISO 18000-6C/B agreement that this chip is fully-integrated, and the card reader/writer decipherment distance of structure is more than 10 meters; 7 inches full-color TFT liquid crystal touch screens of 800*480 dot matrix that screen display module then can adopt ILI6122+ILI5960 liquid crystal display driving governor to drive; The 3G module can adopt the EM820U of Huawei full frequency band communication module, be applicable to GSM, EDGE, three kinds of basic network frequency ranges of WCDMA, the highest support of message transmission rate 21M's is descending, 5.76M up, can directly read, receive escape or rescue map that Surveillance center's computer 5 produces according to terminal location when fire occurs.
As shown in figure 12, the software systems of Surveillance center's computer 5 are kernel software systems of coordinating each hardware components of native system, realizing fire relief of the present invention, and the function that has is initialization and restructuring wireless monitor network, Collection and analysis Monitoring Data, location handheld terminal, generates escape and relief map, remote inquiry and scheduling.When carrying out the remote scheduling function, FCC outside the scene of a fire is used fire-fighting command terminal 7 by the related data on the 3G network extraction Surveillance center computer 5, according to the position of rescue handheld terminal, terminal location that the trapped person holds and real-time intensity of a fire information, send the captive map by Surveillance center's computer 5 to the rescue handheld terminal, the scheduling fireman implements relief.Monitor system software is three-decker, is respectively the database of bottom, the management software in intermediate layer and the function software of top layer.Wherein, database is used for storage system static information table (as: node location tabulation, RFID label position table, inquiry handheld terminal registration table, rescue handheld terminal registration table) and fire relief multidate information table (as: fire real time data table, handheld terminal adjacent R FID label list); Management software is used for realizing the mutual of function software and database, comprise function software to read-write and the renewal function (as: real-time update of the read-write of sensor network nodes position data and renewal, handheld terminal position data) of associative operation tables of data in the database, realize the algorithmic function (as: the dynamic generating algorithm of the algorithm that is positioned of handheld terminal, best best-effort path, Surveillance center's computer remote contiguous function) of function software function; Function software is for system and extraneous mutual software, comprise man-machine interactive interface (as: data query is provided, sends instruction to the rescue handheld terminal to command centre by long-range connection) and according to the function of the automatic issuing command of external request (as: to the monitoring network issue converge the initialization of subnet/restructuring order, to inquiry handheld terminal issue escape map or best hedging place, issue trapped person position map to the rescue handheld terminal).
Claims (1)
1. one kind based on the building fire of Ubiquitous Network intelligence salvage system, this system comprises following components, be laid in the rooms of buildings and the fire monitoring net in passageway, corridor, handheld terminal that portability is used for obtaining scene of a fire real time information, be used for Surveillance center's computer of integrated environment monitoring that the fire monitoring net is covered, when fire occurs for the fire-fighting command terminal of the FCC outside the scene of a fire; Described fire monitoring net converges that subnet forms and by converging the wireless aggregation node of subnet by a plurality of, 3G network is connected with the Surveillance center computer, the described subnet that converges is the wireless sensor network that the fire monitoring node forms main chain formula topological structure by wireless sensor node, described handheld terminal comprises the rescue handheld terminal for the inquiry handheld terminal of indicator of trapped personnel in the scene of a fire and rescue personnel's use, handheld terminal is by its inner RFID card reader, RFID reads the RFID data label data that link reads near its fire monitoring node, carries out data interaction by 3G network and Surveillance center's computer; Described fire monitoring node comprise have image data, the monitoring terminal node of uploading data function and monitoring transit node with image data, uploading data and forwarding data function, monitoring transit node and monitoring terminal node are arranged in respectively in the corridor and room of building, corridor corner arranges separately a monitoring transit node, and the monitoring transit node is corresponding and unique one by one with local RFID tag addresses in the corridor; Be evenly arranged 2 to 3 monitoring terminal nodes in each room, monitoring terminal node R FID tag addresses is consistent and different from the fire monitoring node address in other rooms and corridor in every room; The fire monitoring node of each floor level and the wireless aggregation node mode by self-organizing consists of one and converges subnet, wherein monitor transit node and be composed in series one by one the primary link of one or more network route, then jump its nearest primary link node of chosen distance as its routing forwarding node by the monitoring terminal node one that is distributed in each room, realize main chain formula route by netinit/phase of regeneration, data transfer phase, aggregation node is arranged in the center of monitored area, so that the interstitial content on each bar route main chain is balanced; It is characterized in that:
Wherein, the layout distance of adjacent two monitoring transit nodes satisfies
, and if only if
, wherein
Be the minimum value of RFID read range,
Be the maximum of RFID read range,
Be width of corridor;
The network monitoring data that described Surveillance center computer is used for initialization and the wireless monitor network of recombinating, Collection and analysis aggregation node are uploaded, diagnostic network robustness, Real-Time Monitoring State of alarm, location handheld terminal, generation escape and rescue map, execution remote inquiry and scheduling; When carrying out location handheld terminal function, Surveillance center's computer receives the RFID tag addresses data that specific handheld terminal reads by 3G network, and with after the RFID label position dictionary contrast of safeguarding in this address date and the local data base, find the physical location of label, Surveillance center's computer is according to the position of rescue handheld terminal, terminal location that the trapped person holds and in real time intensity of a fire Information generation escape or rescue route map, send map by 3G network to specific rescue handheld terminal, the scheduling fireman implements relief;
Described inquiry handheld terminal is arranged in the room of building according to personnel's distribution situation in the building, and indicator of trapped personnel takes when making things convenient for fire to occur; Described rescue handheld terminal is to be carried by the fire fighter who enters the scene of a fire when fire occurs; Described inquiry handheld terminal and rescue handheld terminal comprise the flush bonding processor unit, the screen display module that is connected with the flush bonding processor unit, 3G module II, RFID card reader module and function button; Described function button comprises " start " key, " auxiliary escape " key, " waiting for rescue " key and " auxiliary rescue " key; The rescue handheld terminal has automatically auxiliary rescue mode, proactive command rescue mode and SOS function, and priority is followed successively by SOS function, proactive command rescue mode, automatic auxiliary rescue mode from high to low; When the fireman who enters the scene of a fire presses " auxiliary rescue " button, RFID card reader in the handheld terminal begins to read the RFID tag addresses that it closes on monitoring node, sending to Surveillance center's computer by 3G network after the RFID information that reads and the local address information package, the system default rescue mode is automatically auxiliary rescue mode, after Surveillance center's computer receives the handheld terminal position data, according to scene of a fire landform, it is nearest apart from the fireman that the person of waiting for rescue and fireman's positional information is calculated generation automatically, the accessibility person's of waiting for rescue path profile, and send to fireman's rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, be presented on the screen of handheld terminal; When adopting the proactive command rescue mode, choose rescue personnel and trapped person position by the command centre outside the scene of a fire by long-range connection, send to Surveillance center's computer by the fire-fighting command terminal, Surveillance center's computer sends the interruptive command request message by 3G network to selected rescue handheld terminal, the handheld terminal of receiving this message will stop automatically to assist the rescue work process, read the RFID tag addresses data of the monitoring node in its communication range, beam back Surveillance center's computer, Surveillance center's computer is according to scene of a fire landform, trapped person and fireman's position generates accessibility rescue path figure, and send to the rescue handheld terminal by 3G network, be presented on the screen of this terminal; When Surveillance center's computer monitoring is blocked by the intensity of a fire to " optimal path " that sent to handheld terminal, Surveillance center's computer will send the position enquiring request message to corresponding handheld terminal by 3G network, receive that the handheld terminal of this message reads the RFID address information of the monitoring node in its communication range, beam back Surveillance center's computer, wait for again being positioned, upgrade path profile;
When failure node or newly added node appear in the monitoring terminal node, only need deletion or interpolation respective nodes information in the neighbors table that the monitoring transit node nearest apart from it safeguarded, then the data of upgrading are uploaded to aggregation node along main chain;
Wherein, when failure node occurring in the main chain that converges subnet, when if the monitoring transit node is not all received the supervisory messages of uploading from chain upper hop transfer neighbors in three wake-up periods, think that then this node lost efficacy, break away from main chain, begin to rebuild main chain this moment, and invite the terminal member node of failure node to add network.
2.Building fire intelligence salvage system based on Ubiquitous Network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wireless aggregation node comprises ATMEL LINK-23X processor II, be responsible for the communication antenna II of all data in the transmitting/receiving wireless sensor network, the data transaction of being responsible for that ATMEL LINK-23X processor II is received becomes to meet the data of 3G communication format, but the data transaction of being responsible for simultaneously 3G communication format that Surveillance center's computer is transmitted becomes the TMS470M processor of wireless sense network recognition data, be responsible for the 3G module I with Surveillance center's compunication, be used for showing whether the work of current wireless aggregation node is normal, the operation indicating module II that emits beam when wireless aggregation node fault and warn, the reset terminal that is connected to ATMEL LINK-23X processor II also restarts the reset key III of wireless aggregation node when needed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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