CN101742536A - Cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system and method thereof - Google Patents
Cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system and a method thereof. The system comprises sensing nodes for measuring environmental parameters and a gateway for receiving the data of the sensing nodes, wherein a plurality of sensing nodes are provided and connected with the gateway in a wireless way. In the invention, modern wireless communication technology is effectively combined with wire communication technology to form a complete set of cultural relic conservation environment monitoring system, which overcomes the disadvantages of a traditional monitoring scheme, has the advantages of practicability and advancement and can play a positive role in monitoring a modern cultural relic conservation environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system and method.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (wireless sensor network) is the research field of a focus, and it has a wide range of applications in environmental monitorings such as forest fire protection, monitoring water quality and military affairs, medical treatment ﹠ health, family intelligent monitoring and other commercial fields.Wireless sensor network has sensor node density height, and network organizing is convenient, and the characteristics such as low in energy consumption of node.The zigBee technology be a kind of closely, low complex degree, low-power consumption, low data rate, two-way wireless communication technology cheaply, its network standard is based on IEEE 802.15.4.Mainly be suitable for control and remote control field automatically, can embed in the various device, support geographic positioning functionality simultaneously.ZigBee remainder, view external member are made up of higher layer applications standard, application convergence layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer, wherein physical layer is followed IEEE 802.15.4 agreement, and spread spectrum communication is adopted in the work of control RF transceiver, signal transmission distance is indoor 50m, outdoor 150m.The MAC layer: follow IEEE 802.15.4 agreement, be responsible for the equipment room wireless data link, support various network topologies, each equipment is 16 bit address addressing in the network.Network layer is set up new network, and the entering and deviated from network of processing node distributed the address to node, guarantee between the node synchronously, the route of network is provided, guarantee the integrality of data, use optional AES-128 to communication encryption.Application layer: application support layer is kept the functional attributes of device, makes between a plurality of devices and communicates according to service and demand.Equipment and the instrument based on the radio sensing network that are applicable to that historical relic is preserved though be widely used in fields such as industry, national defence, are not are not also researched and developed, prepared to wireless sensing network system at present as the technology of up-to-date release aspect historical relic's protection.Historical relic is preserved environmental monitoring and also is in blank.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing technical problem in the background technology, the invention provides a kind of historical relic and preserve environmental monitoring system, Modern wireless communication technology and cable communicating technology are carried out effective combination, form a whole set of historical relic and preserve environmental monitoring system, overcome the deficiency of traditional monitoring scheme, have practicality and advanced advantage, preserve in the environmental monitoring at modern historical relic and can bring into play better effect.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the present invention is a kind of cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system, and its special character is: this system comprises the sensing node that is used for the measurement environment parameter and is used to receive the gateway of sensing node data; Sensing node is a plurality of, and sensing node is connected by wireless mode with gateway.
Above-mentioned sensing node comprises data acquisition module and data processing/transport module, and described data acquisition module comprises transducer, sensor drive driving circuit and sensor application circuit; Described data processing and transport module comprise processor, memory and wireless transport module; Described transducer inserts processor by sensor drive driving circuit and sensor application circuit, and described memory is connected with processor respectively with wireless transport module.
Above-mentioned sensing node also comprises the power module to transducer, sensor drive driving circuit, sensor application circuit, memory, processor and wireless transmitter/receiver unit power supply.
Above-mentioned gateway comprises data processing and wireless transport module and embedded system, data processing and wireless transport module comprise processor, memory and wireless transport module, memory is connected with processor respectively with wireless transport module, embedded system comprises heterogeneous network interface module and serial ports, and the heterogeneous network interface module is connected with processor by serial ports.
Above-mentioned monitoring system also comprises remote server, and remote server is connected with gateway by wired or wireless mode.
Above-mentioned monitoring system also comprises via node, and described via node is transmitted the sensing node data, is sent to gateway or other via node, and described sensing node is connected by wireless mode with gateway by via node.
Above-mentioned via node comprises the various types of sensing datas of storage and preserves memory, processor and the wireless transport module of the routing iinformation of whole network; Memory all is connected with processor respectively with wireless transport module.
The present invention also provides a kind of monitoring method based on cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system, and its special character is: described monitoring method may further comprise the steps:
1) starts whole system, make gateway and remote server be in the state that preparation receives data, start the catenet of forming by most via nodes and most gateways;
2) dispense most sensing nodes in the surveillance area, after dispensing, sensing node starts at once, the collection of beginning environmental information, and gateway is also to sensing node on-air testing information;
3) after sensing node collects environmental information,, then directly transmit if can directly send gateway to; Otherwise need to detect the via node that to communicate by letter with it; Determine and communication after, sensing node and via node are formed the wireless sensor network from group, and the historical relic preservation environmental information of gathering is passed to via node, via node is preserved environmental information with historical relic again and is passed to gateway;
4) by wired network or wireless network the historical relic of gathering is preserved environmental information by gateway and send remote server to;
5) remote server is handled according to historical relic preservation environmental information data, and control operation.
Above-mentioned steps 2) gateway is waited for after sensing node on-air testing information then in; After sensing node is received on-air testing information, directly send confirmation to gateway; After gateway is received confirmation, i.e. affirmation is connected with this sensing node;
Above-mentioned steps 2) be that via node is received on-air testing information in, send to the sensing node of communication with it by via node again, sensing node sends confirmation by via node to gateway again.
The radio sensing network technology that the present invention adopts is a kind of emerging short distance, low rate, low power consumption wireless network technology, and it combines sensor technology, embedded computing technique, modern network and wireless communication technology, distributed information processing or the like.By all kinds of integrated microsensors, radio sensing network node is the information of the various environment of monitoring in real time, perception and collection or monitoring target collaboratively, by embedded system information is handled again, pass through the cordless communication network of self-organizing at random at last, institute's perception information is sent to user terminal in the multi-hop relay mode.
Owing to adopt wireless transmission, radio sensing network has overcome the disadvantage of many traditional cable network transmission information.On the one hand, under some physical obstacles and particular surroundings, cable network is impossible realize.On the other hand, compare with traditional artificial antenna communication, the digital radio communication is the huge advantage by fact proved that it had.
In addition, this wireless technology has been carried out standardization to its network layer protocol and API.Complete agreement be used for once can being directly connected to an equipment fundamental node the 4K byte or as the 32K byte of the telegon of Hub or router.Each telegon can connect nearly 255 nodes, several telegons then can form a network, to the number of route transmission then without limits, also developed the link safety layer simultaneously, with guarantee this portable equipment can accidental release its sign, and this long-distance transmissions of network of utilizing can not obtained by other node.
The monitoring system that the present invention proposes following advantage arranged:
1, the diversity of monitoring parameter, professional: the diversity that realizes historical relic preservation microenvironment parameter monitoring; can monitor parameters such as the temperature in the environment, humidity, CO2, VOC, formaldehyde, ultraviolet ray, illuminance, airborne dusts, and the standard of institute's monitoring parameter meets the regulation in the national historical relic's protection industry standard " cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution is preserved environmental quality detection technique tentative code ".
2, real-time, intellectuality: the present invention combines the real-time monitoring that advanced embedded computing technique, modern network and wireless communication technology can realize the parameter of historical relic preservation microenvironment, and can collect various parameter sensings automatically, realize the real-time, intelligent of environmental monitoring.
3, the friendly man-machine interface of specialty: the present invention is the exploitation of carrying out at the application of museum's historical relic preservation environment specially; system interface has the advantages that to meet l Museum Exhibition Hal historical relic preservation environment fully; the user can check the situation of each historical relic preservation environment very easily by the interface; simultaneity factor also has multiple chart, graphical display function, for the research of historical relic's protection provides scientific basic.
4, powerful Database Systems: the present invention has utilized technology such as computer, database, realizes the data parsing of a collection, and data management, aggregation of data are shown as multi-functional, highly integrated, the data service system of preserving environmental monitoring towards historical relic of one.Simultaneity factor also has powerful history data store, query function, for the user provides comprehensively data, services reliably.
The radio sensing network technology that the present invention adopts has following advantage:
1, low in energy consumption: under the low power consumption standby mode, common No. 5 dry cells of two joints can use 6 months to 2 years (this programme will adopt and can fill efficient lithium battery), the trouble of having removed frequent replacing battery from;
2, time delay is short: time delay is all between 15 milliseconds to 30 milliseconds usually;
3, safe: data integrity inspection and authentication functions are provided, and cryptographic algorithm adopts AES-128, can determine its security attribute flexibly simultaneously;
4, network capacity is big: each network can be supported 255 equipment at most, that is to say, each equipment can be connected with other 254 equipment, and simultaneously, the highly redundant of network has guaranteed that whole network still can run well under the out-of-work situation of individual nodes.
5, good network topology ability: wireless sensing node can be formed with tissue automatically, structure is arranged, self-forming, self-healing network.The loaded down with trivial details layoutprocedure of legacy network has been exempted in the establishment of radio sensing network.As long as the node device in any new adding network is in the wireless communication range, can add existing network automatically, and form the information routed path automatically, information is passed to effective recipient.Under the enough low situation of node device hardware cost, these nodes can be set up into the network of a highly redundant simultaneously, thereby guarantee the powerful self-healing ability of makeing mistakes of network.
6, networking and maintenance cost are low: the characteristic of comprehensive above sensor network, as can be seen, the needed labour cost of networking is very low.As long as any one is placed in the wireless signal coverage of network through the sensing equipment of authorizing, just can add network work automatically, need not any installation configuration.Highly intelligent the reduction to the full extent required manpower and the time of network operation, it is cheap to add upper network node itself, makes that the maintenance cost of intelligent wireless sensing network is extremely low.
7, working frequency range is flexible: the frequency range of use has 2.4GHz (whole world), 868MHz (Europe) and 915MHz (U.S.) selective, is unlicensed band.
The present invention carries out effective combination with Modern wireless communication technology and cable communicating technology, provide a kind of historical relic to preserve environmental monitoring system, form a whole set of historical relic and preserve environmental monitoring system, overcome the deficiency of traditional monitoring scheme, have practicality and advanced advantage, preserve in the environmental monitoring at modern historical relic and can bring into play better effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gateway of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of via node of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of sensing node of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system, this system comprises remote server 1, gateway 2, via node 3 and sensing node 4.Sensing node 4 is a plurality of, intersperses among the monitoring objective zone; Via node 3 is a plurality of, be connected with wireless mode with sensing node 4 and gateway 2 respectively, each sensing node 4 all optionally with a via node 3 or a gateway 2 wireless connections, a plurality of via nodes 3 are formed catenet with a plurality of gateways 2, and be responsible for sending the information of a plurality of sensing nodes 4 to gateway 2, gateway 2 converges all network informations that receive, by having the Internet, local area network (LAN), WIFI, GPRS, GSM, note, CDMAX1 data transfer mode to be sent to remote server 1, realize the informationization of environmental monitoring.Sensing node 4 can be placed in required monitored area arbitrarily, can real-time collection environmental parameter comprise temperature, humidity, CO2, VOC, formaldehyde, ultraviolet ray, illuminance, airborne dust etc., and image data being sent to wireless relay nodes 3 or radio network gateway 2 by wireless mode, this remote server 1 is presented to client terminal in the mode of man-machine interface with environmental parameter.
Referring to Fig. 4, sensing node of the present invention is an incorporate structure, mainly form by data acquisition module 40 and transfer of data/processing module 41 two parts, data acquisition module is by transducer 401, sensor drive driving circuit 402 and sensor application circuit 403 are formed, transducer 401, sensor drive driving circuit 402 and sensor application circuit 403 major parts comprise a MCU mega128, various relevant transducers such as temperature sensor DS18B20, and peripheral circuit such as OPA2336, devices such as ADS1110 are formed, and also can be other transducers of the prior art, sensor drive driving circuit and sensor application circuit.
The shell encapsulation of sensing node 4 presses etch-proof lightweight material to constitute by waterproof is anti-, the destruction of avoiding the internal circuit of sensing node 4 to be subjected to water, corrosive substance or other polluter, the antenna of wireless transport module 412 places the shell outside, fully contacts with measured matter in order to transducer 401.
Sensing node 4 is according to the difference of the mode of laying, and be divided into two classes: outdoor sensing node and indoor sensing node, the working method of each sensing node all are radio communication.Most via nodes 3 are formed catenets with a gateway 2, the data of transmitting as the information destination node aggregation networks of wireless sensor network; Be connected with remote server 1 by cable network simultaneously, the transfer of data that sensing node 4 is gathered is to remote server 1; This catenet, each via node 3 of its chain wireless network, the identity and the position of gateway 2 are known, node and enabling communication between nodes, and carry out the transmission of data in the mode of multi-hop.Most via node 3 and gateway 2 composition catenets and most sensing nodes are from forming wireless network, and catenet can be determined the geographical position of mobile sensor node.
Referring to Fig. 2, gateway 2 of the present invention comprises that data processing reaches the embedded system 21 that links to each other with heterogeneous network with wireless transport module 20.The major function of gateway 2 is the data that receive via node 3 or sensing node 4, and is sent to the monitoring of software platform of remote server 1.Sensing node 4 functional modules parts must dispose exterior I/O communication unit, the application server communication that is used for and acts on behalf of (Ethernet, RS232, USB, GPRS and satellite communication etc.) simultaneously as on IEEE802.15.4 and the agency of sensing network communication.Finally receive data at gateway 2 like this from sensing network, will be stronger by computing function, and not handled by the application server of power limitations.The data processing of gateway 2 and wireless transport module 20 comprise wireless transport module 201 and processor 202, embedded system 21 comprises heterogeneous network interface module 204 and serial ports 203, serial ports 203 connection processing devices 202, heterogeneous network interface module 204 is connected with remote server 1; Wireless transport module 201 and sensing node 4 communicate, and gateway 2 adopts wireless or wired mode and remote server 1 to communicate, and the cable network that adopts when communicating by letter in wired mode is Ethernet or Intenet net.
Referring to Fig. 3, the major function of via node 3 of the present invention is to transmit the sampled data of sensing node 4, and is sent to gateway 2 or other relaying to realize the transmission of farther distance by wireless self-organization network.Via node 3 mainly is made up of data memory module and wireless transport module 33.Wherein data memory module is divided into processor 32, memory 31 and I/O by function, and wherein, processor 32 is microcontrollers of low energy consumption.Wireless transport module 33 is made up of the wireless communication unit that meets IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee.The wireless transmission that this element is used for data with communicate by letter, main function is data and the real-time forwarding that receives data acquisition module 40 and gateway 2.Memory 31 mainly is made up of RAM or FLASH memory cell, and its main function is various types of sensing datas of storage and the routing iinformation of preserving whole network etc.Via node 3 includes shell, and the antenna of wireless transport module 33 places the shell outside, with sensing node 4 radio communications.
One of technology emphasis of monitoring system provided by the invention is exactly the monitoring that how to realize various microenvironment parameters, and guarantees that the environmental parameter of being monitored is accurate, reliable, effective; Simultaneously the data of gathering are transmitted back central control room by wireless mode.Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of monitoring method of cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system, by the sensing node 4 that is distributed in guarded region the information that collects is directly sent to gateway 2 or via node 3, send to gateway 2 through via node 3 again, gateway 2 is passed to remote server with data in wired mode; Its concrete steps are as follows:
1) start whole system, make gateway 2 and remote server be in the state that preparation receives data, start the catenet of forming by most via nodes 3 and most gateways 2:
2) dispense most sensing nodes 4 in the surveillance area, after dispensing, sensing node 4 starts at once;
3) sensing node 4 detects the via node 3 that can communicate by letter with it, determine and communication after, sensing node 4 is formed from the wireless sensor network of organizing with via node 3, the historical relic of gathering is preserved environmental information pass to via node 3, and via node 3 is preserved historical relic environmental information again and passed to gateway 2;
4) all gateways 2 link to each other with remote server by wired network, and will send to remote server by the data of via node 3 or sensing node 4;
5) remote server is handled according to historical relic preservation environmental information data, and control operation.
Step 2) in: if sensing node 4, near it is arranged in gateway 2 position, promptly directly communicate by letter with gateway 2, when it is arranged in apart from the distant place of gateway 2, can not with gateway 2 direct communications, then communicate by letter with gateway 2 by via node 3, this moment, sensing node 4 began to communicate by letter with gateway 2, and the regional environment parameter is monitored in real time.
The information interacting method of gateway 2 and sensing node 4 is that sensing node 4 and gateway 2 interact, and sensing node 4 sends information and the out of Memory that is collected to gateway 2, and gateway 2 is also to sensing node 4 broadcast messages;
The information gathering of sensing node 4 and transfer approach are to be monitored environmental data and directly or in the mode of relay be sent to nearby gateway 2 by sensing node 4, or pass to gateway 2 by stationary nodes, and concrete steps are as follows:
21) before sensing node 4 dispenses, start whole system earlier, make gateway 2 and catenet and remote server be in the state that preparation receives data;
22) after sensing node 4 dispenses, the collection of beginning environmental information, Information Monitoring is the communication information and out of Memory, gateway 2 is also to sensing node 4 broadcast messages;
23) collect environmental information,, then directly transmit if can directly send gateway 2 to; Otherwise need to detect the via node 3 that to communicate by letter with it;
24) after sensing node 4 detects via node 3,, transmit information, by via node 3 information is passed to gateway 2 again by wireless transmit/receive units by microprocessor control;
25) send information to remote server by gateway 2 by wired network.
The information interacting method of gateway 2 and sensing node 4, by broadcast control information Control Node working method, concrete steps are as follows by gateway 2:
31) gateway 2 on-air testing information are waited for then;
32) after sensing node 4 is received broadcast message, send confirmation directly for gateway 2;
33) after via node 3 is received broadcast message, send to the sensing node 4 of communication with it, sensing node 4 sends confirmation for gateway 2 by via node 3 again;
34) after gateway 2 is received confirmation, i.e. affirmation is connected with this sensing node 4;
35) gateway 2 prepares to send broadcast message next time;
36) if gateway 2 wants to control single sensing node 4, promptly broadcast the broadcast message of these sensing node 4 addresses.
The present invention relates to environmental protection technology, computer technology, radio sensing network technology.The historical relic preservation environmental monitoring system based on radio sensing network that the present invention proposes is primarily aimed at the preservation microenvironment of cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution and monitors in real time, for the l Museum Exhibition Hal provides the microenvironment that can realize networking, intelligent real-time monitoring parameter monitoring system, particularly to bigger some the microenvironment parameters of historical relic influence such as temperature, humidity, CO2, VOC, formaldehyde, ultraviolet ray, illuminance, airborne dust etc., native system can realize historical relic is preserved the real-time monitoring, historical data management, data drawing list statistics etc. of microenvironment parameter.This system is made of sensing node 4, via node 3, gateway 2, middleware software, client software.Sensing node 4, via node 3, gateway 2 be automatic and gateway structure radio sensing network by the wireless Routing Protocol of independent research, front end sensing node 4 is responsible for gathering historical relic preservation environmental information and is delivered to gateway 2 by radio sensing network, and gateway 2 converges the data that collect and is delivered to middleware server by wired or wireless mode.Finish historical relic and preserve the collection of environmental information, real time environment monitoring, the warning that exceeds standard, calculating, data mining in real time further for the intelligent management and the analysis of data, finally draw the integrated environment state that current historical relic is preserved.The present invention has realized the informationization of historical relic preservation environment measuring, scientific, makes historical relic preservation department can monitor historical relic in real time and preserves the information of environment so that in time take appropriate measures, and adjusts and improvement with effective so that historical relic preservation environment is made suitably.
Claims (10)
1. cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system is characterized in that: this system comprises the sensing node that is used for the measurement environment parameter and is used to receive the gateway of sensing node data; Described sensing node is a plurality of, and described sensing node is connected by wireless mode with gateway.
2. cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing node comprises data acquisition module and data processing/transport module, and described data acquisition module comprises transducer, sensor drive driving circuit and sensor application circuit; Described data processing and transport module comprise processor, memory and wireless transport module; Described transducer inserts processor by sensor drive driving circuit and sensor application circuit, and described memory is connected with processor respectively with wireless transport module.
3. cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described sensing node also comprises the power module to transducer, sensor drive driving circuit, sensor application circuit, memory, processor and wireless transmitter/receiver unit power supply.
4. cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gateway comprises data processing and wireless transport module and embedded system, described data processing and wireless transport module comprise processor, memory and wireless transport module, described memory is connected with processor respectively with wireless transport module, described embedded system comprises heterogeneous network interface module and serial ports, and described heterogeneous network interface module is connected with processor by serial ports.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring systems, it is characterized in that: described monitoring system also comprises remote server, and described remote server is connected with gateway by wired or wireless mode.
6. cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described monitoring system also comprises via node, described via node is transmitted the sensing node data, be sent to gateway or other via node, described sensing node is connected by wireless mode with gateway by via node.
7. cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described via node comprises the various types of sensing datas of storage and preserves memory, processor and the wireless transport module of the routing iinformation of whole network; Described memory all is connected with processor respectively with wireless transport module.
8. monitoring method of depositing the retaining ring environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system based on thing, it is characterized in that: described monitoring method may further comprise the steps:
1) starts whole system, make gateway and remote server be in the state that preparation receives data, start the catenet of forming by most via nodes and most gateways;
2) dispense most sensing nodes in the surveillance area, after dispensing, sensing node starts at once, the collection of beginning environmental information, and gateway is also to sensing node on-air testing information;
3) after sensing node collects environmental information,, then directly transmit if can directly send gateway to; Otherwise need to detect the via node that to communicate by letter with it; Determine and communication after, sensing node and via node are formed the wireless sensor network from group, and the historical relic preservation environmental information of gathering is passed to via node, via node is preserved environmental information with historical relic again and is passed to gateway;
4) by wired network or wireless network the historical relic of gathering is preserved environmental information by gateway and send remote server to;
5) remote server is handled according to historical relic preservation environmental information data, and control operation.
9. the monitoring method of cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: gateway is waited for after sensing node on-air testing information then described step 2); After sensing node is received on-air testing information, directly send confirmation to gateway; After gateway is received confirmation, i.e. affirmation is connected with this sensing node;
10. the monitoring method of cultural relic conservation environment multi-parameter intelligent real-time monitoring system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: be that via node is received on-air testing information described step 2), send to the sensing node of communication with it by via node again, sensing node sends confirmation by via node to gateway again.
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Application publication date: 20100616 |