CN102715012A - Cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris - Google Patents
Cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris Download PDFInfo
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- CN102715012A CN102715012A CN2012101941751A CN201210194175A CN102715012A CN 102715012 A CN102715012 A CN 102715012A CN 2012101941751 A CN2012101941751 A CN 2012101941751A CN 201210194175 A CN201210194175 A CN 201210194175A CN 102715012 A CN102715012 A CN 102715012A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of production of edible fungi and discloses a method for cultivating Cordyceps militaris by disposable snack boxes. The method includes preparing culture medium and nutrient solution thereof, preparing a culture vessel, charging materials and sterilizing, inoculating, allowing for germination and managing germination. The method is characterized in that the culture vessel is a disposable snack box with a cover, the cover and a box body are separable, mutually locking devices are arranged at the edge of the cover and the edge of the box body respectively, air cannot enter the box body after sterilization, and accordingly bacterial pollution can be prevented effectively. Steps of charging material and sterilizing include: charging materials such as rice and silkworm pupa powder into the box body, adding the nutrient solution, placing the box body in a pot, steaming to obtain nutrient rice, bagging the nutrient rice with a plastic bag, folding the bag for sterilization, and performing inoculating after cooling. The volume of the disposable snack box is one to three times that of a can, and accordingly production of Cordyceps militaris can be reduced greatly, and economic benefit can be increased. An opening of the disposable snack box is large, and accordingly operation, especially collecting, is facilitated. The method is applicable to everywhere in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivating method for mushroom, relate in particular to a kind of cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris, belong to technical field of edible fungi production.
Background technology
Cordyceps militaris is also named Cordyceps militaris, is the compound medicinal fungi of a kind of entomogenous fungi, belongs to Eumycota, Ascomycetes, Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae, Cordyceps.Long 5 ~ 15 centimeters of ripe stroma of Cordyceps militaris, golden yellow or orange colour is a kind of famous and precious medicinal fungi, with Cordyceps sinensis similar medicinal and nourishing effects is arranged.Cordyceps militaris not only contains the trace element of rich in protein, amino acid and more than 30 kind of needed by human body, and contains distinctive cordycepin, cordycepic acid, is first-class tonic good merchantable brand.Research both at home and abroad thinks that Cordyceps militaris is edible can to match in excellence or beauty with traditional Cordyceps sinensis with medical value, and the Cordyceps militaris cordycepin content of artificial culture is higher than tens times of wild cordyceps.Modern medicine and pharmacology research proof contains nutriments such as cordycepin, cordycepic acid and each seed amino acid in the Chinese caterpillar fungus, have nourishing the lung and the kidney, hemostasis and phlegm, expansion tracheae, calmness, anti-each bacterioid, effect such as hypotensive.It is new resource food that the Ministry of Public Health has ratified Cordyceps militaris; Tame Cordyceps militaris will remedy the situation of wild cordyceps quantity critical shortage; Become the new varieties in domestic and international Chinese caterpillar fungus market, the cultivation Cordyceps militaris also becomes the high-efficiency agriculture project that increasing peasant income are got rich gradually.
Along with the continuous development of Cordyceps militaris industry, cultivation quantity can increase gradually, and the demand of cultivating container is also increasing.In the prior art, the bacterium that sends out of Cordyceps militaris is cultivated, goes out grass, gathers and all in cultivating container, carry out, and the producer adopts glass preserving jar as cultivating container usually.And the not high and high deficiency of purchase cost of safety after there is hard transportation in vial, broken, pile is arranged easily.In recent years, some producers adopted the plastic casing of customization to cultivate, though can reduce breakage, the plastic casing volume is big, the disinfection inoculation operating difficulties, and the plastic casing price of customization is high, and production cost increases, and cultivation benefit reduces.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, reduce the production cost of Cordyceps militaris, the present invention discloses a kind of method of utilizing disposable fast food lunch box cultivation Cordyceps militaris.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes in the following manner:
A kind of cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris; Comprise medium and nutrient solution preparation thereof, culture vessel, charging sterilization, inoculation, send out bacterium and go out the careless oven dry etc. of managing, gather; It is characterized in that: said culture vessel is the disposable fast food lunch box that has lid; Lid can separate with box body, and lid edge and box body edge are provided with the device that is mutually locked; Sterilization back air can not get in the box body, can effectively prevent living contaminants.
The processing step of said charging sterilization is:
1) medium is packed in the said fast food lunch-box, add nutrient solution, cover lid;
The fast food lunch-box that 2) medium and nutrient solution will be housed is put into the pot boiling and is become nourishing rice;
3) the nourishing rice lunch box that second step was obtained is thrown off lid, outside box body, puts plastic sack;
The fast food lunch-box that 4) will put plastic sack builds up some groups, and every group of 5-20 only puts into autoclave and sterilize, and lid also gathers into folds and together puts into autoclave and sterilize;
5) after sterilization finishes, slough plastic sack while hot, cover and put into super-clean bench behind the lid of sterilize or the inoculating hood wait is inoculated;
Described disposable fast food lunch box box body is the taper type of actinal surface greater than the bottom surface, processes by the transparent polypropylene plastics, and the long 15-25cm of actinal surface, wide 8-15cm, the outside turnup in actinal surface edge, and be provided with the device sealed with lid; The long 13-23cm in box bottom surface, wide 6-13cm; The dark 5-8cm of box; The long 15.5-25.5cm of said lid, wide 8.5-15.5cm, the inside turnup in edge, edge are provided with and the sealed device in box body actinal surface edge.
Described culture medium raw material is rice, dried silkworm chrysalis meal; Described nutrient solution prescription is: glucose 15-20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3g, magnesium sulfate 1-2g, peptone 6-8g, ammonium citrate 1-3g, Cobastab
1The 3-5 sheet, water 1000ml, adjustment pH to 5.5-6.5.
Said nourishing rice digestion time is 20-30 minute, and nutrient solution is all absorbed by rice, is rice shape solid and gets final product.
The said outer plastic sack of box body that is enclosed within is processed by transparent or semitransparent exotic material, and size is all wrapped up with box body and being advisable.
Said inoculation is in gnotobasis, to carry out, and cultured liquid spawn is packed into through in the water sprager of disinfecting, and every box inserts bacterial classification 3-10ml; Postvaccinal box, 3-8 one pile stacks, and the culturing room's lucifuge that is put into 15-20 ℃ is cultivated.
The said technical measures that go out the grass management have the light of opinion, annesl, mycelium stimulation, temperature control, control is wet and ventilation:
1) sees light: postvaccinal medium; Sent out bacterium through 7-10 days and cultivate, mycelia is covered with, and media surface is all covered by white hypha; Need this moment light stimulation could normally go out grass; Plastic casing arranged see light, and guarantee that each box media surface all shines light, intensity of illumination is 100-500lx;
2) annesl: saw that media surface transferred crocus to by white gradually light 3-5 days, and then grain of rice shape original hase occurs, begin grass; Surpass the box that can not normally go out grass in 5 days, need carry out the mycelium stimulation processing;
3) mycelium stimulation: with instrument the media surface mycoderma is scratched, carry out mechanical stimulus, can promote the Cordyceps militaris original hase to form, said instrument can be iron wire, bamboo chip or bicycle wire, but needs the alcohol disinfecting with 75%, in case living contaminants;
4) temperature control: go out grass and the stage culturing room's temperature is adjusted into 18-25 ℃, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
5) control is wet: go out grass and spray water 1-2 time every day in stage, culturing room's humidity is adjusted into 80-95%, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
6) ventilation: culturing room's ventilation every day 2-3 time, guarantee with fresh air.
Said nutrient solution used material when adjustment pH (acid-base value) is dietary alkali or sodium hydroxide.
The water sprager of said inoculation usefulness, it is disinfected step and is:
1) 75% alcohol 100-200ml is added water sprager, cover tight pot lid, fully rock, make all to receive alcohol in the kettle everywhere and handle;
2) pull piston, alcohol is sprayed onto in the subsequent use vial collects, spray 15-30 time continuously, internal piston is fully handled through alcohol, pour residual alcohol into vial then;
3) with sterile water 100-200ml, replacement alcohol in the kettle of packing into is according to step 1) and 2) described method, handle water sprager;
4) adopt alcohol and sterile water to water sprager processing 2-3 time after, bacterial classification poured in the water sprager just can inoculate operation.
Said row's box is seen light, is individual layer discharging, perhaps adopts interdependent vertical discharging at the bottom of the box, as long as every box can both evenly receive light;
Said ventilation is when fruit body length reaches 2-3cm, opens plastic box cover, its individual layer is emitted on the cultivating stand, and covering with plastic film preserves moisture, and humidity is controlled at 85-95%; Sooner or later open mulch film every day, fruit body is directly sprayed water, and mulch film on the ventilation 1-2 hour bonnet, the Cordyceps militaris fruiting body that ventilation is good is sturdy strong, helps high yield and high quality.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, being used for cordyceps militaris cultivation after the disposable fast food lunch box is cleaned up, is twice laid, meets recycling economy, low-carbon economy developing direction.Even use new disposable fast food lunch box, unit price and Cans are similar, but volume is 1-3 times of Cans, can reduce the Cordyceps militaris production cost greatly, increases economic efficiency.
2, the disposable fast food lunch box is that the transparent high temperature resistant material is processed, and can guarantee the requirement of cordyceps culturing medium high temperature high pressure sterilizing, also satisfies the requirement of the inspection microbial contamination needs transparency in the scarlet caterpiller fungus mycelium incubation simultaneously.
3, the disposable fast food lunch box is taper type, and is up big and down small, and the sterilization that can gather into folds can improve the sterilization plot ratio greatly; Also can gather into folds when sending out bacterium, practice thrift cultivating stand.It is plastic products, goes out the breakage that can not collapse when grass is arranged, and safety improves; Can also open the lid, increase the Cordyceps militaris extending space after going out grass, reduce the bending of Chinese caterpillar fungus, improve product quality; Simultaneously, after uncapping, bring great convenience for the management of ventilating, spray water.
4, disposable fast food lunch box actinal surface is big, not only increases careless area, and helps product and gather.
5, disposable fast food lunch box commodity market in all parts of the country can have been bought everywhere, does not need customization, and with low cost.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment; Further illustrate the present invention; Should understand this embodiment only be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention; After having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's accompanying claims institute restricted portion to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris comprises medium and nutrient solution preparation thereof, culture vessel, charging sterilization, inoculation, sends out bacterium and go out operations such as grass management, the oven dry of gathering.
Described culture vessel is the disposable fast food lunch box that has lid, and lid can separate with box body, and lid edge and box body edge be provided with the device that is mutually locked, and sterilization back air can not get in the box body, can effectively prevent living contaminants.
The processing step of said charging sterilization is:
1) culture medium raw materials such as 60g rice and 1g dried silkworm chrysalis meal are packed in the disposable fast food lunch box, add the 80ml nutrient solution, the prescription of nutrient solution is: glucose 15g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1g, magnesium sulfate 1g, peptone 6g, ammonium citrate 1g, Cobastab
13, water 1000ml, adjustment pH to 5.5; Cover lid.
The fast food lunch-box that 2) medium and nutrient solution will be housed was put into the pot boiling 20 minutes, treated that nutrient solution is all absorbed by rice, and the nourishing rice that is rice shape solid gets final product.
3) the nourishing rice lunch box that second step was obtained is thrown off lid, outside box body, puts plastic sack, and this plastic sack is processed by transparent or semitransparent high-temperature resistance plastice material, and size all is wrapped with box body and is advisable.
The fast food lunch-box that 4) will put plastic sack builds up some groups, and 5 every group, to put into autoclave and sterilize, lid also gathers into folds and puts into other plastic sack, together puts into autoclave and sterilizes; Autoclaving is at 1.5kg/cm
2Left and right sides pressure kept 45-90 minute down.
5) after sterilization finishes, slough plastic sack while hot, cover and put into super-clean bench behind the lid of sterilize or the inoculating hood wait is inoculated;
Described disposable fast food lunch box box body is the taper type of actinal surface greater than the bottom surface, processes by the transparent polypropylene plastics, and the long 15cm of actinal surface, wide 8cm, the outside turnup in actinal surface edge, and be provided with the device sealed with lid; The long 13cm in box bottom surface, wide 6cm; The dark 5cm of box; The long 15.5cm of said lid, wide 8.5cm, the inside turnup in edge, edge are provided with and the sealed device in box body actinal surface edge.
Said inoculation is in gnotobasis, to carry out, and cultured liquid spawn is packed into through in the water sprager of disinfecting, and every box inserts bacterial classification 3-5ml; Postvaccinal box, 3 one pile stacks, and the culturing room's lucifuge that is put into 15-20 ℃ is cultivated.
The said technical measures that go out the grass management have the light of opinion, annesl, mycelium stimulation, temperature control, control is wet and ventilation:
1) sees light: postvaccinal medium; Sent out bacterium through 7-10 days and cultivate, mycelia is covered with, and media surface is all covered by white hypha; Need this moment light stimulation could normally go out grass; Plastic casing arranged see light, and guarantee that each box media surface all shines light, intensity of illumination is 100lx;
2) annesl: saw that media surface transferred crocus to by white gradually light 3-5 days, and then grain of rice shape original hase occurs, begin grass; Surpass the box that can not normally go out grass in 5 days, need carry out the mycelium stimulation processing;
3) mycelium stimulation: with instrument the media surface mycoderma is scratched, carry out mechanical stimulus, can promote the Cordyceps militaris original hase to form, said instrument can be iron wire, bamboo chip or bicycle wire, but needs the alcohol disinfecting with 75%, in case living contaminants;
4) temperature control: go out grass and the stage culturing room's temperature is adjusted into 18-25 ℃, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
5) control is wet: go out grass and spray water 1-2 time every day in stage, culturing room's humidity is adjusted into 80-95%, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
6) ventilation: culturing room's ventilation every day 2-3 time, guarantee with fresh air.
Said nutrient solution used material when adjustment pH (acid-base value) is a dietary alkali.
The water sprager of said inoculation usefulness, it is disinfected step and is:
1) 75% alcohol 100-200ml is added water sprager, cover tight pot lid, fully rock, make all to receive alcohol in the kettle everywhere and handle;
2) pull piston, alcohol is sprayed onto in the subsequent use vial collects, spray 15-30 time continuously, internal piston is fully handled through alcohol, pour residual alcohol into vial then;
3) with sterile water 100-200ml, replacement alcohol in the kettle of packing into is according to step 1) and 2) described method, handle water sprager;
4) adopt alcohol and sterile water to water sprager processing 2-3 time after, bacterial classification poured in the water sprager just can inoculate operation.
Said row's box is seen light, is individual layer discharging, perhaps adopts interdependent vertical discharging at the bottom of the box, as long as every box can both evenly receive light;
Said ventilation is when fruit body length reaches 2-3cm, opens plastic box cover, its individual layer is emitted on the cultivating stand, actinal surface up, covering with plastic film is preserved moisture, humidity is controlled at 85-95%; Sooner or later open mulch film every day, fruit body is directly sprayed water, and mulch film on the ventilation 1-2 hour bonnet, the Cordyceps militaris fruiting body that ventilation is good is sturdy strong, helps high yield and high quality.
The every box of the Cordyceps militaris that present embodiment the is produced fresh Cordyceps militaris 30-50g that to gather.Get hay 6-10g after the oven dry.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris; Comprise medium and nutrient solution preparation thereof, culture vessel, charging sterilization, inoculation, send out bacterium and go out grass management, the oven dry of gathering; It is characterized in that: said culture vessel is the disposable fast food lunch box that has lid; Lid can separate with box body, and lid edge and box body edge are provided with the device that is mutually locked; Sterilization back air is difficult to get in the box body, can effectively prevent living contaminants.
The processing step of said charging sterilization is:
1) culture medium raw materials such as 80g rice and 2g dried silkworm chrysalis meal are packed in the disposable fast food lunch box, add the 120ml nutrient solution, the prescription of nutrient solution is: glucose 18g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium sulfate 1.5g, peptone 7g, ammonium citrate 2g, Cobastab
14, water 1000ml, adjustment pH to 6.0.Cover lid.
The fast food lunch-box that 2) medium and nutrient solution will be housed was put into the pot boiling 25 minutes, treated that nutrient solution is all absorbed by rice, and the nourishing rice that is rice shape solid gets final product.
3) the nourishing rice lunch box that second step was obtained is thrown off lid, outside box body, puts plastic sack, and this plastic sack is processed by transparent or semitransparent high-temperature resistance plastice material, and size all is wrapped with box body and is advisable.
The fast food lunch-box that 4) will put plastic sack builds up some groups, and 10 every group, to put into autoclave and sterilize, lid also gathers into folds and puts into other plastic sack, together puts into autoclave and sterilizes; 100 ℃ of temperature of normal-pressure sterilization kept 10 hours.
5) after sterilization finishes, slough plastic sack while hot, cover and put into super-clean bench behind the lid of sterilize or the inoculating hood wait is inoculated;
Described disposable fast food lunch box box body is the taper type of actinal surface greater than the bottom surface, processes by the transparent polypropylene plastics, and the long 20cm of actinal surface, wide 12cm, the outside turnup in actinal surface edge, and be provided with the device sealed with lid; The long 18cm in box bottom surface, wide 10cm; The dark 6.5cm of box; The long 18.5cm of said lid, wide 10.5cm, the inside turnup in edge, edge are provided with and the sealed device in box body actinal surface edge.
Said inoculation is in gnotobasis, to carry out, and cultured liquid spawn is packed into through in the water sprager of disinfecting, and every box inserts bacterial classification 8ml; Postvaccinal box, 5 one pile stacks, and the culturing room's lucifuge that is put into 15-20 ℃ is cultivated.
The said technical measures that go out the grass management have the light of opinion, annesl, mycelium stimulation, temperature control, control is wet and ventilation:
1) sees light: postvaccinal medium; Sent out bacterium through 7-10 days and cultivate, mycelia is covered with, and media surface is all covered by white hypha; Need this moment light stimulation could normally go out grass; Plastic casing arranged see light, and guarantee that each box media surface all shines light, intensity of illumination is 300lx;
2) annesl: saw that media surface transferred crocus to by white gradually light 3-5 days, and then grain of rice shape original hase occurs, begin grass; Surpass the box that can not normally go out grass in 5 days, need carry out the mycelium stimulation processing;
3) mycelium stimulation: with instrument the media surface mycoderma is scratched, carry out mechanical stimulus, can promote the Cordyceps militaris original hase to form, said instrument can be iron wire, bamboo chip or bicycle wire, but needs the alcohol disinfecting with 75%, in case living contaminants;
4) temperature control: go out grass and the stage culturing room's temperature is adjusted into 18-25 ℃, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
5) control is wet: go out grass and spray water 1-2 time every day in stage, culturing room's humidity is adjusted into 80-95%, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
6) ventilation: culturing room's ventilation every day 2-3 time, guarantee with fresh air.
Said nutrient solution used material when adjustment pH (acid-base value) is a sodium hydroxide.
The water sprager of said inoculation usefulness, it is disinfected step and is:
1) 75% alcohol 100-200ml is added water sprager, cover tight pot lid, fully rock, make all to receive alcohol in the kettle everywhere and handle;
2) pull piston, alcohol is sprayed onto in the subsequent use vial collects, spray 15-30 time continuously, internal piston is fully handled through alcohol, pour residual alcohol into vial then;
3) with sterile water 100-200ml, replacement alcohol in the kettle of packing into is according to step 1) and 2) described method, handle water sprager;
4) adopt alcohol and sterile water to water sprager processing 2-3 time after, bacterial classification poured in the water sprager just can inoculate operation.
Said row's box is seen light, is individual layer discharging, perhaps adopts interdependent vertical discharging at the bottom of the box, as long as every box can both evenly receive light;
Said ventilation is when fruit body length reaches 2-3cm, opens plastic box cover, its individual layer is emitted on the cultivating stand, and covering with plastic film preserves moisture, and humidity is controlled at 85-95%; Sooner or later open mulch film every day, fruit body is directly sprayed water, and mulch film on the ventilation 1-2 hour bonnet, the Cordyceps militaris fruiting body that ventilation is good is sturdy strong, helps high yield and high quality.
The every box of the Cordyceps militaris that present embodiment the is produced fresh Cordyceps militaris 40-65g that to gather.Get hay 7-13g after the oven dry.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultivation method of Cordyceps militaris; Comprise medium and nutrient solution preparation thereof, culture vessel, charging sterilization, inoculation, send out bacterium and go out grass management, the oven dry of gathering; It is characterized in that: said culture vessel is the disposable fast food lunch box that has lid; Lid can separate with box body, and lid edge and box body edge are provided with the device that is mutually locked; Sterilization back air can not get in the box body, can effectively prevent living contaminants.
The processing step of said charging sterilization is:
1) culture medium raw materials such as 100g rice and 3g dried silkworm chrysalis meal are packed in the disposable fast food lunch box, add the 160ml nutrient solution, nutrient solution prescription is: glucose 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, magnesium sulfate 2g, peptone 8g, ammonium citrate 3g, Cobastab
15, water 1000ml, adjustment pH to 6.5; Cover lid.
The fast food lunch-box that 2) medium and nutrient solution will be housed was put into the pot boiling 30 minutes, treated that nutrient solution is all absorbed by rice, and the nourishing rice that is rice shape solid gets final product.
3) the nourishing rice lunch box that second step was obtained is thrown off lid, outside box body, puts plastic sack, and this plastic sack is processed by transparent or semitransparent high-temperature resistance plastice material, and size all is wrapped with box body and is advisable.
The fast food lunch-box that 4) will put plastic sack builds up some groups, and 20 every group, to put into autoclave and sterilize, lid also gathers into folds and puts into other plastic sack, together puts into autoclave and sterilizes; Autoclaving is at 1.5kg/cm
2Left and right sides pressure kept 45-90 minute down, and 100 ℃ of temperature of normal-pressure sterilization kept 5-10 hour.
5) after sterilization finishes, slough plastic sack while hot, cover and put into super-clean bench behind the lid of sterilize or the inoculating hood wait is inoculated;
Described disposable fast food lunch box box body is the taper type of actinal surface greater than the bottom surface, and the cross section is an isosceles trapezoid, process by the transparent polypropylene plastics, and the long 25cm of actinal surface, wide 15cm, the outside turnup in actinal surface edge, and be provided with the device sealed with lid; The long 23cm in box bottom surface, wide 13cm; The dark 8cm of box; The long 25.5cm of said lid, wide 15.5cm, the inside turnup in edge, edge are provided with and the sealed device in box body actinal surface edge, and sterilization back air is difficult to get in the box body, can prevent living contaminants.
Said inoculation is in gnotobasis, to carry out, and cultured liquid spawn is packed into through in the water sprager of disinfecting, and every box inserts bacterial classification 10ml; Postvaccinal box, 8 one pile stacks, and the culturing room's lucifuge that is put into 15-20 ℃ is cultivated.
The said technical measures that go out the grass management have the light of opinion, annesl, mycelium stimulation, temperature control, control is wet and ventilation:
1) sees light: postvaccinal medium; Sent out bacterium through 7-10 days and cultivate, mycelia is covered with, and media surface is all covered by white hypha; Need this moment light stimulation could normally go out grass; Plastic casing arranged see light, and guarantee that each box media surface all shines light, intensity of illumination is 500lx;
2) annesl: saw that media surface transferred crocus to by white gradually light 3-5 days, and then grain of rice shape original hase occurs, begin grass; Surpass the box that can not normally go out grass in 5 days, need carry out the mycelium stimulation processing;
3) mycelium stimulation: with instrument the media surface mycoderma is scratched, carry out mechanical stimulus, can promote the Cordyceps militaris original hase to form, said instrument can be iron wire, bamboo chip or bicycle wire, but needs the alcohol disinfecting with 75%, in case living contaminants;
4) temperature control: go out grass and the stage culturing room's temperature is adjusted into 18-25 ℃, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
5) control is wet: go out grass and spray water 1-2 time every day in stage, culturing room's humidity is adjusted into 80-95%, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
6) ventilation: culturing room's ventilation every day 2-3 time, guarantee with fresh air.
Said nutrient solution used material when adjustment pH (acid-base value) is dietary alkali or sodium hydroxide.
The water sprager of said inoculation usefulness, it is disinfected step and is:
1) 75% alcohol 100-200ml is added water sprager, cover tight pot lid, fully rock, make all to receive alcohol in the kettle everywhere and handle;
2) pull piston, alcohol is sprayed onto in the subsequent use vial collects, spray 15-30 time continuously, internal piston is fully handled through alcohol, pour residual alcohol into vial then;
3) with sterile water 100-200ml, replacement alcohol in the kettle of packing into is according to step 1) and 2) described method, handle water sprager;
4) adopt alcohol and sterile water to water sprager processing 2-3 time after, bacterial classification poured in the water sprager just can inoculate operation.
Said row's box is seen light, is individual layer discharging, perhaps adopts interdependent vertical discharging at the bottom of the box, as long as every box can both evenly receive light;
Said ventilation is when fruit body length reaches 2-3cm, opens plastic box cover, its individual layer is emitted on the cultivating stand, and covering with plastic film preserves moisture, and humidity is controlled at 85-95%; Sooner or later open mulch film every day, fruit body is directly sprayed water, and mulch film on the ventilation 1-2 hour bonnet, the Cordyceps militaris fruiting body that ventilation is good is sturdy strong, helps high yield and high quality.
The every box of the Cordyceps militaris that present embodiment the is produced fresh Cordyceps militaris 50-80g that to gather.Get hay 8-16g after the oven dry.
Claims (10)
1. the cultivation method of a Cordyceps militaris; Comprise medium and nutrient solution preparation thereof, culture vessel, charging sterilization, inoculation, send out bacterium and go out the grass management; It is characterized in that: said culture vessel is the disposable fast food lunch box that has lid, and lid can separate with box body, and lid edge and box body edge are provided with the device that is mutually locked; Sterilization back air can not get in the box body, can effectively prevent living contaminants;
The processing step of said charging sterilization is:
1) medium is packed in the said fast food lunch-box, add nutrient solution, cover lid;
The fast food lunch-box that 2) medium and nutrient solution will be housed is put into the pot boiling and is become nourishing rice;
3) the nourishing rice lunch box that second step was obtained is thrown off lid, outside box body, puts plastic sack;
The fast food lunch-box that 4) will put plastic sack builds up some groups, and every group of 5-20 only puts into autoclave and sterilize, and lid also gathers into folds and together puts into autoclave and sterilize;
5) after sterilization finishes, slough plastic sack while hot, cover and put into super-clean bench behind the lid of sterilize or the inoculating hood wait is inoculated.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described disposable fast food lunch box box body is the taper type of actinal surface greater than the bottom surface; Process the long 15-25cm of actinal surface, wide 8-15cm by the transparent polypropylene plastics; The outside turnup in actinal surface edge, and be provided with the device sealed with lid; The long 13-23cm in box bottom surface, wide 6-13cm; The dark 5-8cm of box; The long 15.5-25.5cm of said lid, wide 8.5-15.5cm, the inside turnup in edge, edge are provided with and the sealed device in box body actinal surface edge.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described culture medium raw material is rice, dried silkworm chrysalis meal; Described nutrient solution prescription is: glucose 15-20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3g, magnesium sulfate 1-2g, peptone 6-8g, ammonium citrate 1-3g, Cobastab
1The 3-5 sheet, water 1000ml, adjustment pH to 5.5-6.5.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said nourishing rice digestion time is 20-30 minute, and nutrient solution is all absorbed by rice, is rice shape solid and gets final product.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 3rd step, the said outer plastic sack of box body that is enclosed within was processed by transparent or semitransparent exotic material, size with box body all parcel be advisable.
6. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said inoculation is in gnotobasis, to carry out, and cultured liquid spawn is packed into through in the water sprager of disinfecting, every box inserts bacterial classification 3-10ml; Postvaccinal box, 3-8 one pile stacks, and the culturing room's lucifuge that is put into 15-20 ℃ is cultivated.
7. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said technical measures that go out the grass management have the light of opinion, annesl, mycelium stimulation, temperature control, control is wet and ventilation:
1) sees light: postvaccinal medium; Sent out bacterium through 7-10 days and cultivate, mycelia is covered with, and media surface is all covered by white hypha; Need this moment light stimulation could normally go out grass; Plastic casing arranged see light, and guarantee that each box media surface all shines light, intensity of illumination is 100-500lx;
2) annesl: saw that media surface transferred crocus to by white gradually light 3-5 days, and then grain of rice shape original hase occurs, begin grass; Surpass the box that can not normally go out grass in 5 days, need carry out the mycelium stimulation processing;
3) mycelium stimulation: with instrument the media surface mycoderma is scratched, carry out mechanical stimulus, can promote the Cordyceps militaris original hase to form, said instrument can be iron wire, bamboo chip or bicycle wire, but needs the alcohol disinfecting with 75%, in case living contaminants;
4) temperature control: go out grass and the stage culturing room's temperature is adjusted into 18-25 ℃, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
5) control is wet: go out grass and spray water 1-2 time every day in stage, culturing room's humidity is adjusted into 80-95%, help Cordyceps militaris fruiting body and form;
6) ventilation: culturing room's ventilation every day 2-3 time, guarantee with fresh air.
8. according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of cordyceps militaris cultivation methods, it is characterized in that: said nutrient solution used material when adjustment pH (acid-base value) is dietary alkali or sodium hydroxide.
9. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the water sprager of said inoculation usefulness, and it is disinfected step and is:
1) 75% alcohol 100-200ml is added water sprager, cover tight pot lid, fully rock, make all to receive alcohol in the kettle everywhere and handle;
2) pull piston, alcohol is sprayed onto in the subsequent use vial collects, spray 15-30 time continuously, internal piston is fully handled through alcohol, pour residual alcohol into vial then;
3) with sterile water 100-200ml, replacement alcohol in the kettle of packing into is according to step 1) and 2) described method, handle water sprager;
4) adopt alcohol and sterile water to water sprager processing 2-3 time after, bacterial classification poured in the water sprager just can inoculate operation.
10. the cultivation method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: said row's box is seen light, is the individual layer discharging, perhaps adopts interdependent vertical discharging at the bottom of the box, as long as every box can both evenly receive light; Said ventilation is when fruit body length reaches 2-3cm, opens plastic box cover, its individual layer is emitted on the cultivating stand, and covering with plastic film preserves moisture, and humidity is controlled at 85-95%; Sooner or later open mulch film every day, fruit body is directly sprayed water, and mulch film on the ventilation 1-2 hour bonnet, the Cordyceps militaris fruiting body that ventilation is good is sturdy strong, helps high yield and high quality.
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| CN102860217A (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2013-01-09 | 镇江市食用菌研究所 | Cordyceps militaris cultivating container |
| CN103283478A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-11 | 北京市弘科农场 | Cordyceps militaris producing method |
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