CN102707653B - High precision intelligent gain multipath data collecting system - Google Patents

High precision intelligent gain multipath data collecting system Download PDF

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CN102707653B
CN102707653B CN201210186398.3A CN201210186398A CN102707653B CN 102707653 B CN102707653 B CN 102707653B CN 201210186398 A CN201210186398 A CN 201210186398A CN 102707653 B CN102707653 B CN 102707653B
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CN102707653A (en
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徐文清
高亦桥
贺巧妙
詹杰
徐青山
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Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high precision intelligent gain multipath data collecting system. The high precision intelligent gain multipath data collecting system comprises a computer and a singlechip in communication connection through a serial communication interface. The singlechip is connected with an analogue-digital converter and is further connected with an eight-path serial-in parallel-out register. The eight-path serial-in parallel-out register is connected with an eight-channel analogue multiplexer and is further connected with a program-controlled amplifying circuit. The program-controlled amplifying circuit is connected with the eight-channel analogue multiplexer and the analogue-digital converter. An integral access for signal input, amplification, collection and output is formed by the eight-channel analogue multiplexer, the program-controlled amplifying circuit, the analogue-digital converter, the singlechip and the serial communication interface. According to the high precision intelligent gain multipath data collecting system provided by the invention, the signal collecting speed can be enhanced greatly, the reliability and intelligent degree of signal collection can be improved, and the anti-interference capacity of the system can be strengthened.

Description

High-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal acquiring system field, be specially a kind of high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system.
Background technology
Along with the development of industry automatic control and computer technology, the status that data acquisition is produced in studying with science and technology at modern industry becomes increasingly conspicuous, and particularly in recent years the requirement of data acquisition is grown with each passing day, and data acquisition system (DAS) is had broad application prospects.But along with the development of signal processing technology, the pending signal more sophisticated that becomes, as large in dynamic range, bandwidth increase etc., this performance to data acquisition system (DAS) has proposed special requirement.When pending dynamic range of signals is very large, require the amplifier of A/D front end to have very large dynamic range or A/D chip itself to there is very high resolution.The amplifier with gain control is the importance of Amplifier Design, can increase to a certain extent the dynamic range of amplifier, but the design of wide band high-gain accurate program controlled amplifier itself is a difficult point.On the other hand, in actual applications, to the major requirement of data acquisition system (DAS), be speed and precision, if adopt high-resolution A/D chip, though acquisition precision increases, using and sacrifice picking rate as cost, and lower picking rate cannot meet the demands sometimes, therefore often need between acquisition precision and speed, make balance, this brings significant limitation to data acquisition.
One of traditional collecting method be before A/D conversion, first signal is amplified to the desired dynamic range of A/D chip within, its enlargement factor be fix or can manual adjustments, this method is treated having relatively high expectations of collection signal, must be that the signal that meets acquisition system requirement could correctly be gathered, helpless for the signal that dynamic range is very large; Another kind method was only carried out Gain Automatic control before A/D conversion, and well coordinated between gain-adjusted not being gathered with A/D, and circuit structure is comparatively complicated, so reliability is not high, can not realize intelligentized High-Speed Automatic gatherer process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, to solve prior art signal acquiring system, signals collecting is had to circumscribed problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
High-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: comprise the computing machine communicating to connect by serial communication interface, model is the single-chip microcomputer of ATmega64, the I/O port of described single-chip microcomputer is by the control end of photoelectric coupled device and an analog to digital converter, clock end is connected with digital signal output end, the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is also the input end of clock of CD4094 Ba road serial-in parallel-out register with a model, serial input terminal connects, the coding input end of the eight tunnels analogy MUX that the parallel output port of described eight road serial-in parallel-out registers is 4051 with a model is respectively connected, the parallel output port of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers is also electrically connected to the enlargement factor control end of a programmable amplifying circuit, described programmable amplifying circuit input end is connected with the output terminal of eight tunnels analogy MUX, programmable amplifying circuit analog signal output is connected with analog to digital converter input end of analog signal, by eight tunnels analogy MUX, programmable amplifier, analog to digital converter, single-chip microcomputer, serial communication interface forms signal input, amplify, the complete path that gathers and export, wherein single-chip microcomputer is as the control core of whole acquisition system, under the guiding of inner resident program, be responsible for to control each parts cooperatively interacting between working separately, acquisition system is installed in described computing machine and controls software, control signal collection start to stop and selecting acquisition channel.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: the I/O port PB4 of described single-chip microcomputer and PB5 are electrically connected to respectively input end of clock 3 pin and serial input terminal 2 pin of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, the PB4 mouth clock signal of single-chip microcomputer drives eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, PB5 mouth output serial control signal, Jing Ba road serial-in parallel-out register is respectively used to select signalling channel and enlargement factor after being converted into parallel control signal; Described analog to digital converter adopts 12 AD conversion chips that model is ADS7818, control end 5 pin that I/O port PB0, the PB1 of single-chip microcomputer and PB2 are electrically connected to respectively analog to digital converter, clock port 7 pin and digital signal output end mouth 6 pin, PB0 and PB1 mouth are controlled the analog to digital conversion of analog to digital converter, and PB2 mouth receives the digitized signal of being exported by analog to digital converter; The communication port of single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to described serial communication interface, as final signal output interface and order receiving interface, is connected on the RS232 serial ports of computing machine.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: eight input channel port xs 0 to X8 of described eight tunnels analogy MUX pick out respectively eight signal input interfaces and form eight channel signal input sockets, by eight channel signal input socket collection signals, eight three of tunnels analogy MUX coding input port A0, A1, A2 respectively by photoelectric coupled device connect one to one Dao Ba road serial-in parallel-out register parallel output terminal the 0th, 1, on 2, the passage that will gather by codes selection, the output port of eight tunnels analogy MUX is connected to the input end of programmable amplifying circuit, signal in the passage of institute's gating is amplified to collection.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier signal input end that the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier signal output terminal that described programmable amplifying circuit is PGA207 by model and model are PGA103 is electrically connected to form, the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that wherein model is PGA207 has 1, 2, 5, 10 times of four kinds of enlargement factors, and the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that model is PGA103 has 1, 10 and 100 times of totally three kinds of enlargement factors, by having 1 after both combinations, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 times of 10 kinds of enlargement factors, two enlargement factor programming ports of the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that the model of take is PGA103 are as high two, two enlargement factor programming ports of the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that the model of take is PGA207 are as low two, by being inputted to different control signal encoded radios, totally four enlargement factor programming ports of two high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifiers can be arranged to 10 kinds of described enlargement factors, the array form of 10 kinds of enlargement factors of programmable amplifying circuit being made to 10 row 2 row is stored in the ROM of single-chip microcomputer, wherein first row is deposited enlargement factor, secondary series is deposited the output encoder of the corresponding Ba of enlargement factor road serial-in parallel-out register, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program can realize the row sequence number of array form is often added deduct to 1 by tabling look-up, and then control programmable amplifying circuit by enlargement factor increase or reduce by one grade.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: input end of clock 3 pin and serial input terminal 2 pin of described eight road serial-in parallel-out registers are electrically connected to single-chip processor i/o port PB4 and PB5 respectively, change the serial output control signal of single-chip microcomputer into parallel output, in eight bit parallel output ports of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, the 0th, 1,2 is electrically connected to three coding input port A0, A1, A2 of described eight tunnels analogy MUX, the signalling channel that will gather with the gating of encoding; In eight bit parallel output ports of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, the 3rd, 4,5,6 are electrically connected to four program control ends of enlargement factor of described programmable amplifying circuit respectively, with the enlargement factor of coding-control programmable amplifying circuit; In eight bit parallel output ports of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers idle the 7th unsettled.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: described serial communication interface is selected RS-232 serial port, by be connected with single-chip microcomputer serial communication bus and level transferring chip MAX232 form, final output interface as signal after amplifying, gathering, serial communication interface can directly be connected that final signal is transferred to computing machine with the RS-232 serial communication port of computing machine.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: whole system works on power and receives the acquisition system of installing in computing machine and controls after the signals collecting order that software issues and the channel number that will gather, single-chip microcomputer is under the guiding of inner resident program, first default enlargement factor is 50 times and gathers, afterwards the signal value that collects of judgement whether at 10 millivolts within the scope of 5 volts, if be less than this scope, enlargement factor is increased to one grade, otherwise reduce one grade, repeat above process until the signal collecting meets area requirement, afterwards the signal value collecting is to original signal value divided by enlargement factor now again, finally numerical value being outputed to serial port receives and preserves for computing machine.
Described high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: it is the high-speed light isolator of HCPL-4503 that described photoelectric coupled device is selected model, for the simulating signal of whole system and digital signal are isolated to eliminate the interference of digital circuit part to signals collecting.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, owing to having adopted the self-adjusting method of gain real-time online, making only with the A/D conversion chip of 12 bit resolutions, can realize measuring accuracy is 1 μ V, the data acquisition dynamic range high-precision wide-dynamic-range data acquisition request from 1 μ V to 5 volts, reduced the requirement to A/D conversion chip resolution, thereby well solved owing to the high request of A/D conversion chip resolution being sacrificed to the problem of picking rate.
2, due to the enlargement factor of programmable amplifying circuit and corresponding control coding value are tabulated and being solidified in the ROM of single-chip microcomputer, and the method for tabling look-up by the inner resident program of single-chip microcomputer realizes the automatic adjusting of enlargement factor, make Gain Automatic control be easy to realize, hardware configuration becomes simply and integrated level improves, thereby reduced the failure rate of circuit, improved reliability and the intelligent degree of whole acquisition system.
3, the use of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers makes single-chip microcomputer only with two mouth lines, can realize the control to eight passage MUX and programmable amplifying circuit simultaneously, thereby saved the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, this seems particularly important when single-chip processor i/o port number is nervous.
4, by independently-powered simulation part and the numerical portion of realizing whole data acquisition system (DAS) with photoelectric coupled device and simulation, numerical portion, isolate completely, make the transmission of simulating signal can not be subject to the interference of noise in digital circuit, thereby increased the antijamming capability of system, especially when feeble signal is gathered.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is data acquisition program process flow diagram resident in single-chip microcomputer of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1.High-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, comprises eight tunnels analogy MUX 2, programmable amplifying circuit 3 that eight channel signal input sockets 1, model are 4051, adopts model that to be ADS7818 12 be CD4094 Ba road serial-in parallel-out register 5, model be ATmega64 single-chip microcomputer 6, serial communication interface 7, computing machine 8, the photoelectrical coupler 9 of acquisition system control software be installed for the analog to digital converter 4 of AD conversion chip, model.Acquisition system is controlled software and is started to stop and selecting acquisition channel for control signal collection.Single-chip microcomputer 6 is as the control core of whole system, under the guiding of inner resident program, be responsible for to control each parts cooperatively interacting between working separately, its I/O port PB4 and PB5 are electrically connected to respectively input end of clock 3 pin and serial input terminal 2 pin of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers 5 by photoelectrical coupler 9.PB4 mouth clock signal drives eight road serial-in parallel-out registers 5, PB5 mouth output serial control signal, Jing Ba road serial-in parallel-out register 5 is converted into eight bit parallel control signals for controlling eight tunnels analogy MUX 2 and programmable amplifying circuit 3, wherein the 0th, 1,2 is electrically connected to three coding input port A0, A1, A2 of eight tunnels analogy MUX 2, the signalling channel that will gather for the gating of encoding; 3rd, 4,5,6 are electrically connected to each two program control ends of enlargement factor of PGA207 in programmable amplifying circuit 3 and PGA103, and high two connect PGA207, and low two connect PGA103, for the enlargement factor of coding-control programmable amplifying circuit; The 7th of remaining free time is unsettled.I/O port PB0, the PB1 of single-chip microcomputer 6 and PB2 are electrically connected to respectively control end 5 pin of analog to digital converter 4 by photoelectrical coupler 9, clock end 7 pin and digital signal output end 6 pin, PB0 and PB1 mouth are controlled for the analog to digital conversion of ADS7818, and PB2 mouth is for receiving the digitized signal of being exported by analog to digital converter 4.The communication port of single-chip microcomputer 6 is electrically connected to serial communication interface 7, is connected to the serial ports of computing machine 8 for the signal output interface as final and order receiving interface.In addition, in order to improve precision and the antijamming capability of data acquisition, whole system will be simulated part and the isolation of numerical portion electricity with photoelectrical coupler 9, and two large divisions powers separately.In Fig. 1, dotted line frame is depicted as whole numerical portions of data acquisition system (DAS), frame is outward whole simulation parts of system, wherein thick black line is depicted as the analog signal transmission passage that has added shielding, the passage that all moduluses connect is all kept apart with photoelectrical coupler 9, so just realized the isolation completely of analog channel and numerical portion in whole system, eliminate the interference of digital circuit part to simulating signal, improved the stability of system.
Programmable amplifying circuit 3 is electrically connected to and is formed by the signal output part of high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier PGA207 and the signal input part of PGA103, wherein high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier PGA207 has 1, 2, 5, 10 times of four kinds of enlargement factors, and high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier PGA103 has 1, 10 and 100 times of totally three kinds of enlargement factors, therefore after both combinations, have 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 times of 10 kinds of enlargement factors, take two enlargement factor programming ports of high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier PGA103 as high two, take two enlargement factor programming ports of high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier PGA207 as low two, by being inputted to different control signal encoded radios, totally four enlargement factor programming ports of two high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifiers can be arranged to above-mentioned various enlargement factors, for example input 0000, be set to amplify 1 times, inputting 0101 is to be set to magnify 20, and input 1011 is set to amplify 1000 times etc., the array form of 10 kinds of enlargement factors of programmable amplifying circuit 3 being made to 10 row 2 row is stored in the ROM of single-chip microcomputer 6, wherein first row is deposited enlargement factor, secondary series is deposited the output encoder of the corresponding Ba of enlargement factor road serial-in parallel-out register 5, single-chip microcomputer 6 can be realized the row sequence number of array form is often added deduct to 1 by tabling look-up like this, just controlling programmable amplifying circuit increases enlargement factor or reduces by one grade.The binary coding that is combined into one eight (only use its low seven) using 4 encoded radios controlling programmable amplifying circuit 3 enlargement factors as high-order 3 encoded radios with controlling eight tunnels analogy MUX 2 acquisition channels as low level is controlled data, Serial Control data as single-chip microcomputer 6, can realize the control to acquisition channel and enlargement factor.
As shown in Figure 2.The data collection task flow process of high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system is as follows: system works on power to receive and gathers the collection of installing in computer and control after the signals collecting order that computer software issues and the channel number that will gather, single-chip microcomputer 6 is under the guiding of inner resident program, check the channel number that will gather and corresponding encoded radio be kept in low three of eight-digit binary number data, default enlargement factor is 50 times and corresponding encoded radio is kept to the 3rd of above-mentioned eight-digit binary number data, 4, 5, in 6, using this binary number as serial control signal, pass to eight road serial-in parallel-out registers 5 and set acquisition channel and enlargement factor, and control analog to digital converter 4 and gather, afterwards the signal value that collects of judgement whether at 10 millivolts within the scope of 5 volts, if be less than this scope, by above-mentioned look-up method, enlargement factor is increased to one grade, otherwise reduce one grade, repeat above process until the signal collecting meets above-mentioned area requirement, afterwards the signal value collecting is to original signal value divided by enlargement factor now again, finally numerical value being outputed to serial communication interface 7 receives and preserves for computing machine 8.

Claims (7)

1. high-precision intelligent gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: comprise the computing machine communicating to connect by serial communication interface, model is the single-chip microcomputer of ATmega64, the I/O port of described single-chip microcomputer is by the control end of photoelectric coupled device and an analog to digital converter, clock end is connected with digital signal output end, the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer is also the input end of clock of CD4094 Ba road serial-in parallel-out register with a model, serial input terminal connects, the coding input end of the eight tunnels analogy MUX that the parallel output port of described eight road serial-in parallel-out registers is 4051 with a model is respectively connected, the parallel output port of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers is also electrically connected to the enlargement factor control end of a programmable amplifying circuit, the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier signal input end that the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier signal output terminal that described programmable amplifying circuit is PGA207 by model and model are PGA103 is electrically connected to form, the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that wherein model is PGA207 has 1, 2, 5, 10 times of four kinds of enlargement factors, and the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that model is PGA103 has 1, 10 and 100 times of totally three kinds of enlargement factors, by having 1 after both combinations, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 times of 10 kinds of enlargement factors, two enlargement factor programming ports of the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that the model of take is PGA103 are as high two, two enlargement factor programming ports of the high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifier that the model of take is PGA207 are as low two, by being inputted to different control signal encoded radios, totally four enlargement factor programming ports of two high speed gain programmable instrumentation amplifiers can be arranged to 10 kinds of described enlargement factors, the array form of 10 kinds of enlargement factors of programmable amplifying circuit being made to 10 row 2 row is stored in the ROM of single-chip microcomputer, wherein first row is deposited enlargement factor, secondary series is deposited the output encoder of the corresponding Ba of enlargement factor road serial-in parallel-out register, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program can realize the row sequence number of array form is often added deduct to 1 by tabling look-up, and then control programmable amplifying circuit by enlargement factor increase or reduce by one grade, described programmable amplifying circuit input end is connected with the output terminal of eight tunnels analogy MUX, programmable amplifying circuit analog signal output is connected with analog to digital converter input end of analog signal, by eight tunnels analogy MUX, programmable amplifier, analog to digital converter, single-chip microcomputer, serial communication interface forms signal input, amplify, the complete path that gathers and export, wherein single-chip microcomputer is as the control core of whole acquisition system, under the guiding of inner resident program, be responsible for to control each parts cooperatively interacting between working separately, acquisition system is installed in described computing machine and controls software, control signal collection start to stop and selecting acquisition channel.
2. high-precision intelligent according to claim 1 gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: the I/O port PB4 of described single-chip microcomputer and PB5 are electrically connected to respectively input end of clock 3 pin and serial input terminal 2 pin of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, the PB4 mouth clock signal of single-chip microcomputer drives eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, PB5 mouth output serial control signal, Jing Ba road serial-in parallel-out register is respectively used to select signalling channel and enlargement factor after being converted into parallel control signal; Described analog to digital converter adopts 12 AD conversion chips that model is ADS7818, control end 5 pin that I/O port PB0, the PB1 of single-chip microcomputer and PB2 are electrically connected to respectively analog to digital converter, clock port 7 pin and digital signal output end mouth 6 pin, PB0 and PB1 mouth are controlled the analog to digital conversion of analog to digital converter, and PB2 mouth receives the digitized signal of being exported by analog to digital converter; The communication port of single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to described serial communication interface, as final signal output interface and order receiving interface, is connected on the RS232 serial ports of computing machine.
3. high-precision intelligent according to claim 1 gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: eight input channel port xs 0 to X8 of described eight tunnels analogy MUX pick out respectively eight signal input interfaces and form eight channel signal input sockets, by eight channel signal input socket collection signals, eight three of tunnels analogy MUX coding input port A0, A1, A2 respectively by photoelectric coupled device connect one to one Dao Ba road serial-in parallel-out register parallel output terminal the 0th, 1, on 2, the passage that will gather by codes selection, the output port of eight tunnels analogy MUX is connected to the input end of programmable amplifying circuit, signal in the passage of institute's gating is amplified to collection.
4. high-precision intelligent according to claim 1 gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: input end of clock 3 pin and serial input terminal 2 pin of described eight road serial-in parallel-out registers are electrically connected to single-chip processor i/o port PB4 and PB5 respectively, change the serial output control signal of single-chip microcomputer into parallel output, in eight bit parallel output ports of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, the 0th, 1,2 is electrically connected to three coding input port A0, A1, A2 of described eight tunnels analogy MUX, the signalling channel that will gather with the gating of encoding; In eight bit parallel output ports of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers, the 3rd, 4,5,6 are electrically connected to four program control ends of enlargement factor of described programmable amplifying circuit respectively, with the enlargement factor of coding-control programmable amplifying circuit; In eight bit parallel output ports of eight road serial-in parallel-out registers idle the 7th unsettled.
5. high-precision intelligent according to claim 1 gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: described serial communication interface is selected RS-232 serial port, by be connected with single-chip microcomputer serial communication bus and level transferring chip MAX232 form, final output interface as signal after amplifying, gathering, serial communication interface can directly be connected that final signal is transferred to computing machine with the RS-232 serial communication port of computing machine.
6. high-precision intelligent according to claim 1 gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: whole system works on power and receives the acquisition system of installing in computing machine and controls after the signals collecting order that software issues and the channel number that will gather, single-chip microcomputer is under the guiding of inner resident program, first default enlargement factor is 50 times and gathers, afterwards the signal value that collects of judgement whether at 10 millivolts within the scope of 5 volts, if be less than this scope, enlargement factor is increased to one grade, otherwise reduce one grade, repeat above process until the signal collecting meets area requirement, afterwards the signal value collecting is to original signal value divided by enlargement factor now again, finally numerical value being outputed to serial port receives and preserves for computing machine.
7. high-precision intelligent according to claim 1 gain multi-path data acquiring system, it is characterized in that: it is the high-speed light isolator of HCPL-4503 that described photoelectric coupled device is selected model, for the simulating signal of whole system and digital signal are isolated to eliminate the interference of digital circuit part to signals collecting.
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