CN102696303B - Torreya grandis seed after-ripening treatment method for promoting embryo development - Google Patents
Torreya grandis seed after-ripening treatment method for promoting embryo development Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a torreya grandis seed after-ripening treatment method for promoting embryo development, used for gymnosperm taxaceae torreya.. Pearlite or river sand is soaked by clear water under the condition that no water is dropped when the pearlite or the river sand is held by hands and a soaked pearlite or river sand layer is paved at the bottom of a container, then torreya grandis seeds are placed in a layer way, and the soaked pearlite or river sand layer is covered on the torreya grandis seeds, and then other seeds are placed again, and then the soaked pearlite or river sand layer is covered on the seeds by parity of reasoning until the upper part of the container is covered by the pearlite or river sand layer; then poikilothermic treatment is carried out for 90-100 days; inspection is carried out and the pearlite or river sand is maintained to be moist, and no water is accumulated; after the seeds are subjected to after-ripening treatment for 90 days by adopting the method, not only reaches embryo development rate up to more than 95%, and dissection shows that torreya grandis grow to a fresh green mature embryo with the length of being about 2cm from a flavescent young embryo with the length of being about 0.001cm and the size same as that of a needle point, and the mature embryo almost penetrates trough the whole torreya grandis seed; and secondly, the torreya grandis seed after-ripening treatment method disclosed by the invention is applicable to sowing, raising seedling and tissue culture of the mature embryo, cotyledons, embryo, embryonic axis and endosperm of the torreya grandis and is also applicable to all torreya plants in the world.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of the promotion embryonic development for gymnosperm taxaceae Chinese torreya platymiscium, belong to Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method and manufacture field.
Background technology
Chinese torreya (
torreya grandis) be gymnosperm taxaceae (
taxaceae) Chinese torreya genus (
torreya), aiphyllium, dioecism, being the Relict Plant of glacial epoch in the Tertiary Period Cenozoic, is the rare famous and precious seeds that China solely deposits, and is also one of rare gymnosperm in the world at present, have the title of gymnosperm " living fossil ", and be the economic dry fruit tree variety of the distinctive precious multipurpose of China.Chinese torreya platymiscium has 7 kinds, and China has 4 kinds, 2 kinds, the U.S., a kind, Japan.The Chinese torreya life-span is permanent, can reach centuries, and even more than one thousand years.Veteran also quite has output, similar to ginkgo, is a kind of " storage property fruit tree ", for descendants benefits.Its robust growth, so long as the ground that generally pine, China fir can be cultivated all can be cultivated.Happiness is lofty mountains and steep hills, and Schattenseite valley floor, does not strive ground with grain and other fruit trees.Shell fruit storage tolerance, ungetable mountain region also can be developed.In addition, Chinese torreya tree performance state is magnificent, is thick with leaves, evergreen all the year round, be a kind of good greening several.Except doing forest, fruit growing preferably, its nut market that enjoys a good market both at home and abroad, is also the precious fruit of getting rich in mountain area, suitable greatly developing; Next, Chinese torreya (
torreya Grandisfort cv Merrillii) be mainly distributed in the ground such as Zhejiang, Anhui of China.The same with ginkgo, be the gymnosperm of " living fossil ".Providing desirable examination material and strong evidence aspect the researchs such as biological origin, evolution, there is important scientific research value.The economic worth of Chinese torreya is very high, it is China's special product dry fruit, development along with Chinese torreya industry, Chinese torreya is developed widely in fields such as food, health care, medicine, timber, greenings, but the weak point of its existence: the one, because the virgin phase of Chinese torreya is long, seedling 12-20a just can be yielded positive results, and the conventional breeding cycle is longer, has had a strong impact on the breed improvement of Chinese torreya; The 2nd, the germination rate of seed is only in 35% left and right.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of design: design and a kind ofly can either promote rapidly Chinese torreya seed embryo to grow, can play again the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of the promotion embryonic development of improvement Chinese torreya kind.
Design: in order to realize above-mentioned purpose of design.Before 1 sowing or major branch cultivate first trimester and to plucking, peel off the design that the Chinese torreya seed of arillus carries out alternating temperature stratification processing, be one of technical characterictic of the present invention.The object of doing is like this: the application is through the scientific research of several years and a large amount of evidences, Chinese torreya seed is keeping under the condition of uniform temperature, day temperature remains between 18 ℃～28 ℃, nocturnal temperature remains on 1 ℃～8 ℃, so alternating temperature is processed 90～100 days, not only can effectively promote the growth of embryo, and the germination rate of seed can reach more than 95%.2, perlite or river sand clear water are soaked, take to hold and do not drip as degree is at container bottom paving one deck, then put after one deck Chinese torreya seed, cover again perlite or the covering of river sand that one deck soaks, by that analogy, until cover the design of one deck perlite or river sand to container top topmost, it is two of technical characterictic of the present invention.The object of doing is like this: because perlite, river sand had both had the function of moisturizing, have again the function that ponding was maked somebody a mere figurehead, prevented to microcosmic, the function of its moisturizing can meet and promotes seed embryo to grow needed moisture content; The function that its microcosmic is built on stilts, can make again seed embryo exempt from the immersion of water, has greatly improved the germination rate of seed embryo.
Technical scheme: promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (1) is ready to perlite or the clean river sand that lamination is used; (2) perlite or river sand clear water are soaked, take to hold and do not drip as degree; (3) container bottom paving thick layer 3～7cm soaks perlite or river sand, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover perlite or river sand that thick layer 1～3cm soaks, put again seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 8～12cm place, container top only and topmost cover perlite or the river sand of a layer thickness 3～7cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 90～100 days; (5) during, to check keep perlite or river sand moistening, but can not ponding; (6) seed is processed after 90 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.
The present invention compares with background technology, the one, seed the application's method after-ripening was processed after 90～100 days, not only the developmental rate of embryo reaches more than 95%, and find after dissecting, Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm left and right by the flaxen rataria (about 0.001cm) of original needle point size, and be viridian mature embryo, almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed; The 2nd, the application's method is not only applicable to the tissue of seeding and seedling raising in Chinese torreya industrialization and Chinese torreya mature embryo, cotyledon, plumule, plumular axis, endosperm and cultivates, and is applicable to be distributed in all Chinese torreya platymisciums in the world: Chinese torreya (former mutation) (
t. grandisvar. grandis), Jiulong shan Mountain Chinese torreya (
t. grandisvar. ' jiulongshuanensis), Chinese torreya (
t. grandis), Japanese torreya (
t. nucifera), Bashan Mountain Chinese torreya (
t. fargesii), Bashan Mountain Chinese torreya (former mutation) (
t. fargesiivar. fargesii), Semen seu cortex Torreyae yunnanensis (
t. fargesiivar. yunnanensis), the Chinese torreya that comes into leaves (
t. jackii), Florida Chinese torreya (T
. taxifolia), California nutmeg (
t. californica).
Embodiment
Implement material and belong to not of the same race that Chinese torreya belongs to, Chinese torreya (
torreya Grandisfort. cv Merrillii) strain has excellent strain No.1, No. 2, excellent strain, No. 3, excellent strain, No. 4, excellent strain, No. 6, excellent strain; No. 7, thin Chinese torreya, No. 8, thin Chinese torreya; Ivory Chinese torreya, rice Chinese torreya, both sexes Chinese torreya and staminiferous plant, above-mentioned material all picks up from the major clique of preserving in resource garden, Zhong Jia ridge, the Yu Zhaojia of Zhuji City State Forestry Administration, P.R. China town, Zhejiang Province.
Embodiment 1: promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (1) is ready to the perlite that lamination is used; (2) perlite clear water is soaked, take to hold and do not drip as degree; (3) optional in container bottom paving thick layer 3～7cm(and wrap according to end value) perlite that soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover within the scope of thick layer 1～3cm(optional and bag according to end value) perlite that soaks, put again seed, cover, by that analogy, until to optional within the scope of the 8～12cm(of container top and bag according to end value) only locate and topmost covers optional in a layer thickness 3～7cm(and wraps according to end value) and perlite; (4) alternating temperature is processed 90～100 days (in scope optional and bag according to end value); (5) during, to check that to keep perlite moistening, but can not ponding; (6) seed is processed after 90～100 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described Chinese torreya seed is peelled off arillus after plucking, and its kind of skin be lignification, dries, and preserves.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains between 18 ℃～28 ℃ (in scopes optional and bag according to end value), and nocturnal temperature remains on 1 ℃～8 ℃ (in scopes optional and bag according to end value).The germination rate of embryo reaches more than 95%.Promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development not to be only applicable to the seeding and seedling raising in Chinese torreya industrialization production, the tissue that is also applicable to Chinese torreya mature embryo, cotyledon, plumule, plumular axis, endosperm is cultivated.Promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development to be applicable to be distributed in all Chinese torreya platymisciums: Chinese torreya (former mutation) (
t. grandisvar. grandis), Jiulong shan Mountain Chinese torreya (
t. grandisvar. ' jiulongshuanensis), Chinese torreya (
t. grandis), Japanese torreya (
t. nucifera), Bashan Mountain Chinese torreya (
t. fargesii), Bashan Mountain Chinese torreya (former mutation) (
t. fargesiivar. fargesii), Semen seu cortex Torreyae yunnanensis (
t. fargesiivar. yunnanensis), the Chinese torreya that comes into leaves (
t. jackii), Florida Chinese torreya (
t. taxifolia), California nutmeg (
t. californica).
Embodiment 1-1: promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (1) is ready to the clean river sand that lamination is used; (2) river sand clear water is soaked, take to hold and do not drip as degree; (3) optional in container bottom paving thick layer 3～7cm(and wrap according to end value) the river sand that soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover within the scope of thick layer 1～3cm(optional and bag according to end value) the river sand that soaks, put again seed, cover, by that analogy, until to optional within the scope of the 8～12cm(of container top and bag according to end value) only locate and topmost covers optional in a layer thickness 3～7cm(and wraps according to end value) and river sand; (4) alternating temperature is processed 90～100 days (in scope optional and bag according to end value); (5) during, to check that to keep river sand moistening, but can not ponding; (6) seed is processed after 90～100 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described Chinese torreya seed is peelled off arillus after plucking, and its kind of skin be lignification, dries, and preserves.Institute
State alternating temperature and process and to refer to that day temperature remains between 18 ℃～28 ℃ (in scopes optional and bag according to end value), nocturnal temperature remains on 1 ℃～8 ℃ (in scopes optional and bag according to end value).The germination rate of embryo reaches more than 95%.The tissue that promotes the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development to be applicable to the seeding and seedling raising of Chinese torreya industrialization in producing and Chinese torreya mature embryo, cotyledon, plumule, plumular axis, endosperm is cultivated.Promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development to be applicable to be distributed in all Chinese torreya platymisciums: Chinese torreya (former mutation) (
t. grandisvar. grandis), Jiulong shan Mountain Chinese torreya (
t. grandisvar. ' jiulongshuanensis), Chinese torreya (
t. grandis), Japanese torreya (
t. nucifera), Bashan Mountain Chinese torreya (
t. fargesii), Bashan Mountain Chinese torreya (former mutation) (
t. fargesiivar. fargesii), Semen seu cortex Torreyae yunnanensis (
t. fargesiivar. yunnanensis), the Chinese torreya that comes into leaves (
t. jackii), Florida Chinese torreya (
t. taxifolia), California nutmeg (
t. californica).
Embodiment 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) perlite that container bottom paving thick layer 3cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the perlite that thick layer 1cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 8cm place, container top only and topmost cover the perlite of a layer thickness 3cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 90 days; (6) seed is processed after 90 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 18 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 1 ℃.
Embodiment 2-1: on the basis of embodiment 1-1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) the river sand that container bottom paving thick layer 3cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the river sand that thick layer 1cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 8cm place, container top only and topmost cover the river sand of a layer thickness 3cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 90 days; (6) seed is processed after 90 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 18 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 1 ℃.
Embodiment 3: on the basis of embodiment 1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) perlite that container bottom paving thick layer 7cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the perlite that thick layer 3cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 12cm place, container top only and topmost cover the perlite of a layer thickness 7cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 100 days; (6) seed is processed after 100 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to, about 2cm, almost run through the mature embryo of whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 28 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 8 ℃.
Embodiment 3-1: on the basis of embodiment 1-1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) the river sand that container bottom paving thick layer 7cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the river sand that thick layer 3cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 12cm place, container top only and topmost cover the river sand of a layer thickness 7cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 100 days; (6) seed is processed after 100 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to, about 2cm, almost run through the mature embryo of whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 28 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 8 ℃.
Embodiment 4: on the basis of embodiment 1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) perlite that container bottom paving thick layer 5cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the perlite that thick layer 2cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 10cm place, container top only and topmost cover the perlite of a layer thickness 5cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 95 days; (6) seed is processed after 95 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 25 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 4 ℃.
Embodiment 4-1: on the basis of embodiment 1-1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) the river sand that container bottom paving thick layer 5cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the river sand that thick layer 2cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 10cm place, container top only and topmost cover the river sand of a layer thickness 5cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 95 days; (6) seed is processed after 95 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya by about 0.001cm be developed to about 2cm, almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed maturity embryo.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 25 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 4 ℃.
Embodiment 5: on the basis of embodiment 1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) perlite that container bottom paving thick layer 4cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the perlite that thick layer 1.5cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 8cm place, container top only and topmost cover the perlite of a layer thickness 4cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 91 days; (6) seed is processed after 91 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 20 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 2 ℃.
Embodiment 5-1: on the basis of embodiment 1-1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) the river sand that container bottom paving thick layer 4cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the river sand that thick layer 1.5cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 8cm place, container top only and topmost cover the river sand of a layer thickness 4cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 91 days; (6) seed is processed after 91 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 20 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 2 ℃.
Embodiment 6: on the basis of embodiment 1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) perlite that container bottom paving thick layer 6cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the perlite that thick layer 2.5cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 11cm place, container top only and topmost cover the perlite of a layer thickness 6cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 98 days; (6) seed is processed after 98 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 26 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 6 ℃.
Embodiment 6-1: on the basis of embodiment 1-1, promote the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development, (3) the river sand that container bottom paving thick layer 6cm soaks, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover the river sand that thick layer 2.5cm soaks, then put seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 11cm place, container top only and topmost cover the river sand of a layer thickness 6cm; (4) alternating temperature is processed 98 days; (6) seed is processed after 98 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.The rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.Described alternating temperature is processed and is referred to that day temperature remains on 26 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 6 ℃.
It is to be understood that: although above-described embodiment is to the present invention's detailed text description of contrasting; but these text descriptions; just the simple text of mentality of designing of the present invention is described; rather than the restriction to mentality of designing of the present invention; any combination, increase or modification that does not exceed mentality of designing of the present invention, all falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method that promotes embryonic development, is characterized in that: (1) is ready to perlite or the clean river sand that lamination is used; (2) perlite or river sand clear water are soaked, take to hold and do not drip as degree; (3) container bottom paving thick layer 3～7cm soaks perlite or river sand, then put one deck Chinese torreya seed, and on Chinese torreya seed, cover perlite or river sand that thick layer 1～3cm soaks, put again seed, cover, by that analogy, until to 8～12cm place, container top only and topmost cover perlite or the river sand of a layer thickness 3～7cm; (4) Chinese torreya seed is keeping under the condition of uniform temperature, and day temperature remains between 18 ℃～28 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 1 ℃～8 ℃, and so alternating temperature is processed 90～100 days, and the germination rate of seed reaches more than 95%; (5) during, to check keep perlite or river sand moistening, but can not ponding; (6) seed is processed after 90 days through the method after-ripening, obtains emerald green mature embryo.
2. the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of promotion embryonic development according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the rataria of described Chinese torreya is developed to 2cm mature embryo left and right, that almost run through whole Chinese torreya seed by about 0.001cm.
3. the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of promotion embryonic development according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Chinese torreya seed is peelled off arillus after plucking, and its kind of skin be lignification, dries, and preserves.
4. the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of promotion embryonic development according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the germination rate of embryo reaches more than 95%.
5. the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of promotion embryonic development according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the tissue that promotes the Chinese torreya seed afterripening processing method of embryonic development to be applicable to seeding and seedling raising in Chinese torreya industrialization and Chinese torreya mature embryo, cotyledon, plumule, plumular axis, endosperm is cultivated.
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| CN102960098B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-07-09 | 通化师范学院 | Method for effectively and rapidly growing seedlings of smilax riparia |
| CN102960095B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-05-14 | 通化师范学院 | Rapid after-ripening method of stichopus japonicus seed |
| CN104255111B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽徽宝农林科技有限公司 | A kind of pair of film greenhouse wets the method for hiding and breaking the Chinese torreya seed dormancy phase |
| CN105659968B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-09-14 | 安徽省丰谷香榧有限公司 | A kind of germination accelerating method of Chinese torreya |
| CN107278423A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-10-24 | 贵州省植物园 | A kind of Chinese torreya seed seed simple germination method |
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| CN1899009A (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2007-01-24 | 浙江林学院 | Germination accelerating method for Chinese torreya seed |
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