CN102661019A - Heat preservation and decoration integrated construction method for outer wall of building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated construction method for thermal insulation and decoration of building exterior walls. 1. Before the construction of the main structure of the floor, a support frame body is arranged along the direction of the exterior wall of the building floor; Align the finished panels, fix them on the support frame with pull rods, and adjust them to be flat; 3. Carry out the construction of the exterior wall between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board and the support frame; 4. Remove the support frame body and turn it around Exterior wall construction on the previous floor. The invention has the advantage that the thermal insulation and decorative panels of the exterior wall of the building are constructed together with the main project, so no scaffolding needs to be built, and the occurrence of high-altitude falling accidents caused by unsafe scaffolding on the exterior wall can be completely eliminated. Since the thermal insulation decorative panels used can meet the requirements of Class A fire protection and thermal insulation, and can replace the external wall formwork, reducing the discharge of construction waste; the external wall decoration can be completed along with the progress of the main project, which can greatly speed up the project progress and greatly Reduced project cost.

Description

Integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration

technical field

The invention relates to a building construction method, in particular to an integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration.

Background technique

Building is one of the most important fields for energy saving, emission reduction and climate change response. An important part of building energy saving is external wall insulation. External wall insulation includes external insulation, internal insulation and sandwich insulation. The effect of external insulation is the most ideal. The construction of the polystyrene board external wall insulation system is simple, but it cannot meet the A-level fire protection requirements of the external wall insulation. At present, most of the external wall insulation on the market that can meet the A-level fire protection requirements are thermal insulation mortars that are wet on site, such as inorganic insulation mortar, Vitrified microbeads, polystyrene particles, etc., have complex construction techniques, serious waste of materials, long construction period, and sometimes cut corners in insulation thickness. There is already production of thermal insulation and decoration integrated panels in the market, but its engineering cost is relatively high, and its popularization and application are limited. There are relatively few studies on the construction methods of thermal insulation products. Most of the external wall thermal insulation construction is completed after the main structural engineering is completed. Relying on scaffolding construction on the exterior wall poses a high risk of construction safety.

Most of the buildings currently under construction are multi-storey buildings or high-rise buildings. Scaffolding must be set up during exterior wall construction, and workers stand on the scaffolding to work. There are great safety hazards in the use of scaffolding for high-altitude construction, especially steel pipe scaffolding with fasteners. Due to the low quality of steel pipes and fasteners, safety accidents continue to occur; in addition to product quality problems, improper application in construction is also an important reason, such as scaffolding and molds. The scaffold collapsed due to instability, because the enterprise did not carry out safety calculations when the scaffold was built, and the construction was based on experience. In addition, many construction sites have not provided safety technical education to operators, coupled with poor quality of workers, chaotic construction site management, inadequate protective measures and other issues, making scaffolding accidents hard to prevent. One of the five major injuries in construction safety is falling from heights, including falling from scaffolding on exterior walls.

At the same time, the traditional construction method also needs to use a large number of wood-glued formwork. After the project is completed, these old formwork piles up like a mountain, which not only wastes resources, but also produces a large amount of construction waste, which is not economical nor environmentally friendly.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated construction method for building exterior wall thermal insulation and decoration, the method carries out the construction of the external wall thermal insulation and decoration integrated board at the same time as the construction of the main structure, so that the entire construction process does not use external wall scaffolding, At the same time, it meets the A-class fire protection and thermal insulation requirements of the building's outer wall, which is economical and environmentally friendly.

To achieve the above object, the present invention can take the following technical solutions:

The building exterior wall thermal insulation decoration integrated construction method of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:

In the first step, before the construction of the main structure of this floor, the supporting frame is set along the direction of the outer wall of the building floor;

The second step is to hoist the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board, align it with the completed plate of the lower floor, fix it on the support frame with a tie rod, and adjust it on the inner side of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board; follow this method in turn Install the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board of this layer piece by piece;

The third step is to carry out the construction of the outer wall between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board and the support frame, and build the wall according to the design requirements; The integrated board is also used as the outer formwork, and the pouring construction of the outer wall is carried out between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board and the inner formwork;

The fourth step is to dismantle the support frame and turn around to carry out the construction of the exterior wall of the previous floor.

The support frame body is a plurality of vertical poles arranged along the direction of the outer wall and horizontal bars connected horizontally between the vertical bars from top to bottom in sequence, and the nodes between the horizontal bars and the vertical bars are connected by connecting pieces. As a whole, a diagonal bracing rod is arranged obliquely extending from the upper part of the vertical rod to the floor of the indoor building.

The thermal insulation and decoration integrated board is sequentially composed of an outer finish layer, an insulation layer and an inner protective layer. The outer finish layer is a mortar layer with built-in steel bars/steel mesh or a color steel plate or an aluminum plate layer; the inside of the insulation layer is filled with Class A fire-proof and thermal insulation materials such as vitrified bead mortar or foam concrete; the inner protective layer is a cement mortar layer or a metal layer with a built-in steel mesh;

The pull rod is a two-section split structure, and the front screw rod fixedly connected with the end cross bar is provided with an anchoring steel plate, and the rear screw rod screwed on the front screw rod is connected with the support frame body through an internal thread. A sleeve is arranged outside the rear screw rod.

For the convenience of construction, the present invention also discloses a hoist specially used in the construction method of the present invention, which includes a chassis with traveling wheels and a longitudinal support bar vertically arranged at the end of the chassis. The top of the top is provided with a support pulley; on the chassis at the other end where the counterweight is placed, an oblique strut is arranged obliquely in the direction of the longitudinal support rod, the middle part of the oblique strut is connected with the longitudinal support rod, and the end is provided with a Lifting pulley; the steel wire stay rope with the hook goes around the lifting pulley and the support pulley in turn and is wound on the hoist drum placed in the middle of the chassis.

The longitudinal support bar and the oblique support bar are two-stage split structures.

The advantage of the present invention is that the thermal insulation and decorative panels of the exterior walls of the building are constructed together with the main body of the project, so there is no need to build scaffolding, and the thermal insulation and decorative panels can replace the edge protection of the floor. occurrence of high-altitude fall accidents. Since the exterior wall thermal insulation and decorative panels used can meet both the A-class fire protection requirements and thermal insulation requirements, and can replace the exterior wall formwork without removing the formwork, it can not only achieve the purpose of saving formwork, but also reduce the discharge of construction waste; the exterior wall decoration can be With the completion of the progress of the main project, the progress of the project can be greatly accelerated, and the cost of the project can be greatly reduced, which is conducive to the popularization and application of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board, and has significant economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the support frame in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the tie rod in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the hoisting machine used in the construction method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The building exterior wall thermal insulation and decoration integrated construction method of the present invention comprises the following steps: as shown in Figure 1:

In the first step, before the construction of the main structure of this floor, a supporting frame body 2 is set on the floor 1 of the building that has been constructed along the direction of the outer wall;

In the second step, hoist the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board 3, align it with the finished plate of the lower layer, fix it on the support frame 2 with the tie rod 5, and adjust it on the inner side of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board; press In this method, the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board of this layer is installed block by block;

The third step is to carry out the construction of the outer wall 6 between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board 3 and the support frame 2, and build the wall according to the design requirements; The inner formwork 4, the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board 3 also serves as the outer formwork, and the pouring construction of the outer wall 6 is carried out between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board 3 and the inner formwork 4;

The fourth step is to dismantle the supporting frame body 2 and carry out the construction of the outer wall of the previous floor.

The support frame needs to meet the wind pressure resistance requirements during construction, and the overall or local maximum deformation under the corresponding level of wind pressure should not exceed 3mm; the maximum accidental load resistance is 3KN, which can ensure that it will not deform under the action of accidental loads. In order to meet the above-mentioned construction requirements of the support frame body, the support frame body can be designed as a plurality of vertical rods 7 arranged along the direction of the outer wall and a plurality of horizontal rods 8 horizontally connected between the vertical rods 7 from top to bottom. 8 and the nodes between the vertical rods 7 are connected as a whole by bolted joints, and a diagonal brace 9 is provided to extend obliquely from the upper part of the vertical rod 7 to the floor 1 of the indoor building. When in use, just connect the bottoms of the uprights 7 and the diagonal braces 9 to the pre-embedded bolts on the floor 1. By adjusting the distance between the uprights 7 and the crossbars 8, the entire supporting frame can meet different wind resistance requirements. pressure requirements, as shown in Figure 2.

The thermal insulation and decoration integrated board used can use existing boards on the market, and its product performance needs to meet the requirements of JGJ144 "Technical Regulations for Exterior Wall External Thermal Insulation Engineering", and the quality of the decorative layer must meet the requirements of GB50210 "Quality Acceptance Specifications for Building Decoration and Decoration Engineering" It is required that the anti-wind pressure performance of the panels must meet the requirements of GB 50009 "Code for Building Structure Loads", and the thermal insulation and decorative panels used as formwork must be able to resist the lateral pressure during concrete pouring. The following composite boards can also be used, as shown in Figure 3: the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board is sequentially composed of an outer finish layer 10, an insulation layer 11 and an inner protective layer 12; the outer finish layer 10 can be a built-in steel bar/ The mortar layer of the wire mesh (to meet the concrete side pressure requirements when replacing the formwork) is painted with latex paint or veneer bricks, and color steel plates, aluminum plates or other decorative materials can also be used. This layer also plays the role of crack resistance and protective insulation layer; The built-in insulation layer 11 can be filled with A-grade insulation materials such as inorganic insulation mortar, vitrified bead mortar or foam concrete; Play a protective role against collisions; the upper and lower joint surfaces of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board are convex and concave metal surfaces 28 that fit each other. Seam flatness is realized by the machining accuracy of the steel plate 28. The thermal insulation layer 11 of the thermal insulation decorative board is placed between the upper and lower steel plates 28 and the inner and outer protective layers 10, 12, without water absorption and cracking, and can achieve the best thermal insulation and decoration effect. At the same time, the upper and lower joint surfaces of the boards are convex-concave metal surfaces that fit each other, and the joints between the upper and lower boards at the position of the grid are placed with expansion rubber water-stop strips 29, and the water-stop strips 29 will swell when exposed to water for a long time , which can ensure the waterproof effect of the outer wall, and the volume is stable in the short-term water condition, which can ensure that the plate seam does not change during the construction period, and has a good visual effect; during construction, the water-stop strip 29 and the lower plate seam can be fixed by bolts, It can also be glued and fixed. Of course, other methods can also be used to deal with the plate gap between the upper and lower plates during construction, as long as the requirements of the acceptance criteria can be met.

After hoisting the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board into place, it needs to be connected and fixed together with the supporting frame body first, and the fixing part used is the tie rod 5, as shown in Figure 4 . The tie rod is a two-section split structure, and the front screw 14 that is fixedly connected with the end transverse rib 13 is provided with an anchoring steel plate 15, and the rear screw 16 screwed on the front screw is connected with the supporting frame body through an internal thread. A sleeve 17 is arranged outside the segment screw 16 . When installing and fixing the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board 3, the front section screw rod 14 is connected with the rear section screw rod 16, and the sleeve 17 is placed at the joint between the front section and the rear section screw rod. The construction of the exterior wall 6 is divided into two situations. One situation is the masonry structure exterior wall. When the wall is built, the tie rods 5 are directly built in the wall to complete the anchoring of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board; the other situation is the reinforcement Concrete structure wall, when this kind of structure wall is constructed, the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board 3 installed on the outside can also be used as a formwork; The formwork is used for tension bolts, and its construction method can adopt the traditional construction method, which will not be described in detail. After the construction of the outer wall 6 is completed and the support frame 2 is removed, the front screw 14 is left in the wall, the rear screw 16 is taken out (it can be used for turnover), and the hole formed by the sleeve 17 is filled with polyurethane foam material for thermal bridge deal with.

In the above construction process, the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board can be transported to the floor by tower crane, material hoist, etc., and then hoisted by small vertical transportation equipment. In order to facilitate the transfer of transportation equipment between floors during construction, the small vertical transportation equipment should be simple in structure, easy to disassemble and assemble, and can walk flexibly directly in the floor. For this purpose, the following special hoisting machine can be used (as shown in Figure 5 ): the hoisting machine includes a chassis 19 with six traveling wheels 18 and a longitudinal support bar 20 vertically arranged at the end of the chassis 19, a support pulley 21 is arranged on the top of the longitudinal support bar 20; On the chassis at the other end, an oblique strut 23 is arranged obliquely towards the direction of the longitudinal strut 20. The middle part of the oblique strut 23 is connected with the longitudinal strut 20, and its end is provided with a lifting pulley 24; 26 walks around hoisting pulley 24 and support pulley 21 successively and is wound on the hoist machine 27 cylinders that place chassis 19 middle parts; Walking wheel 18 can use the universal wheel that has braking device, stable when guaranteeing to park; Longitudinal support bar 20 and The oblique strut 23 is a two-stage split structure, which is convenient for disassembly and transfer, and is also convenient for height adjustment. For example, the longitudinal support rod 20 can be composed of two sections of circular or square tubes that are socketed together. The oblique strut 23 can be made of a front end A rectangular steel pipe is inserted between two rectangular steel pipes at the root and staggered. During construction, the thermal insulation decorative board can be lifted from inside the floor, or directly lifted from outside the floor.

Claims (7)

1. An integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration, characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: In the first step, before the construction of the main structure of this floor, the support frame (2) is set along the outer wall of the building floor (1); The second step is to hoist the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board (3), align it with the completed plate of the lower floor, use the pull rod (5) to fix it on the support frame (2), and place it on the thermal insulation and decorative integrated board (3) ) and adjust it to be flat; according to this method, install the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board of this layer one by one; The third step is to construct the outer wall (6) between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board (3) and the support frame (2), and build the wall according to the design requirements; The fourth step is to dismantle the support frame (2), and turn around to carry out the construction of the outer wall of the upper floor. 2. The integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: the third step can be replaced by: when the exterior wall (6) is designed to be poured concrete, the supporting frame (2) The inner formwork (4) is installed before, and the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board (3) is also used as the outer formwork, and the pouring construction of the outer wall (6) is carried out between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board (3) and the inner formwork (4). 3. The integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the support frame body (2) is a plurality of vertical poles (7) arranged along the direction of the exterior wall and a self-contained The horizontal bars (8) between the vertical bars (7) are connected horizontally from top to bottom, and the nodes between the horizontal bars (8) and the vertical bars (7) are connected as a whole through connecting pieces. The upper part of the pole (7) is obliquely extended to the floor (1) of the indoor building, and a diagonal strut (9) is provided. 4. The integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the integrated insulation and decoration board is sequentially composed of an outer finish layer (10), an insulation layer (11) and an inner The protective layer (12) is compounded; the joint surface of the upper and lower panels of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated panel is a convex-concave metal surface that fits with each other. 5. The integrated construction method for building exterior wall insulation and decoration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the tie rod is a two-section split structure, and the front screw (14) fixedly connected to the end transverse rib (13) ) is provided with an anchoring steel plate (15), and the rear screw (16) screwed on the front screw is connected with the support frame through an internal thread, and a sleeve (16) is arranged outside the rear screw (16) 17). 6. A hoisting machine specially used in the construction method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it includes a chassis (19) with road wheels (18) and vertically arranged at the end of the chassis (19). The longitudinal support bar (20) is provided with a support pulley (21) on the top of the longitudinal support bar (20); the other end of the chassis on which the counterweight (22) is placed is inclined to the direction of the longitudinal support bar (20). There is an oblique strut (23), the middle part of the oblique strut (23) is connected with the longitudinal support rod (20), the end of which is provided with a lifting pulley (24); the steel wire with the hook (25) Stay cord (26) is wound on the hoist (27) drum that places chassis (19) middle part after going around hoisting pulley (24) and support pulley (21) successively. 7. The hoisting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the longitudinal support rod (20) and the oblique support rod (23) are two-stage split structures.

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