CN102650781B - 用于立体显示的像素结构及其控制方法 - Google Patents

用于立体显示的像素结构及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN102650781B
CN102650781B CN201110317219.0A CN201110317219A CN102650781B CN 102650781 B CN102650781 B CN 102650781B CN 201110317219 A CN201110317219 A CN 201110317219A CN 102650781 B CN102650781 B CN 102650781B
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CN102650781A (zh
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武延兵
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/25Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/24Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/001Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background
    • G09G3/003Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background to produce spatial visual effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G09G3/3648Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3659Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix the addressing of the pixel involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependant on signal of two data electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H04N13/337Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using polarisation multiplexing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
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    • H04N13/356Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/359Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134345Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0443Pixel structures with several sub-pixels for the same colour in a pixel, not specifically used to display gradations

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于立体显示的像素结构及其控制方法。该像素结构包括分成第一部分和第二部分的多个亚像素,每个亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分通过第二薄膜晶体管彼此连接,并且第二薄膜晶体管的栅极连接至第二栅极线。在平面显示(2D显示)模式下,第二电极始终输入高电平,导致第二薄膜晶体管导通;在从平面显示(2D显示)模式切换至立体显示(3D显示)模式时,2D显示得最后一桢画面输入黑画面,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示为黑;然后进入3D模式,此时第二栅极输入低电压,断开第二薄膜晶体管,使第一显示部分和第二显示部分的像素电极不连通,使得第一部分显示从数据线输入的内容,而第二部分保持显示为黑。

Description

用于立体显示的像素结构及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于立体显示装置中的像素结构,特别是用于构成有源黑矩阵的像素结构。本发明还涉及控制上述像素结构的方法。
背景技术
立体显示已经成为显示领域的一大趋势。立体显示的根本原理是利用视差产生立体感,即使人的左眼看到左眼图片,右眼看到右眼图片。这里的左、右眼图片为具有视差的立体图像对。
实现立体感受的一种方法是采用串行显示,即在第一时刻,显示器显示左眼画面,此时只让观看者的左眼看到显示画面;第二时刻,显示器显示右眼画面,只让观看者的右眼看到显示画面,利用图像在人眼视网膜的暂留性,使人感觉到是左右眼同时看到了左右眼画面,从而产生立体的感觉。
另外一种实现立体感受的方法是并行显示,即在同一时刻,显示器上一部分像素显示左眼画面的内容,一部分像素显示右眼画面的内容,通过光栅、偏振眼镜等方式使一部分像素的显示只能被右眼看到,另一部分只能被左眼看到,从而产生立体的感觉。
偏振眼镜式立体显示是当今立体显示领域的一种主流技术,这种技术的基本结构就是在显示面板前安装一个可以调节出射光的偏振方向的器件。这种器件可以是一块相位差板(pattern retarder),也可以是一块液晶盒,或者其它可以调节不同像素出射光的偏振方向的器件。相位差板立体显示的原理如图2所示。在显示面板上,隔行地分别显示右眼图和左眼图,在显示面板前面放置一块相位差板,其中重复一行λ/2延迟、一行零延迟的结构,这样就可以使λ/2延迟的像素出射光的偏振方向旋转90°。于是,戴着左、右眼偏振方向正交的偏振眼镜,就可以使右眼只看到右眼像素发出的光,左眼只看到左眼像素发出的光,从而产生立体效果。
在数种偏振眼镜立体显示中,采用相位差板的技术最受青睐。它的基本结构是在显示面板上精确对位地贴附一块相位差板,利用相位差板上的不同区域产生不同的相位延迟,从而使不同像素的光以不同的偏振方向出射。观看者通过偏振眼镜就可以看到3D效果。
然而,上述3D显示的一个最大缺点就是垂直方向上的观看视角很小,图3说明了观看角度受限的原理。图3中的a为像素显示区的高度,b为垂直方向黑矩阵(BM)的宽度,h为相位差板到显示面板的距离,c为相位差板上一个条纹的宽度,θ为3D可观看角度,p为像素尺寸,p=a+b且p为定值。在图3中,只有d区域是可以得到良好3D效果的区域,其中关键参数是角度θ。
根据以上简化的数学模型通过几何计算可以得出,3D可视角度θ满足式(1):
tan θ 2 = a + 2 b - c 2 h - - - ( 1 )
可以看出黑矩阵的宽度b越大,则θ越大。由此已经提出了有源黑矩阵(Active BM)的设计,如图4(b)所示。与图4(a)所示的普通像素结构不同,在图4(b)有源黑矩阵结构中,将原本的一个亚像素分成上下两部分(为方便称谓,本文中将其分别称为A像素和B像素)分别控制,在2D显示模式下,A和B像素显示相同的内容;在3D显示模式下,B像素显示为黑,相当于增宽了原来像素的BM宽度(b),从而可以扩大了3D观看角度θ。
现有有源黑矩阵显示面板的控制方法是将B像素当成一个独立 的像素来控制,这样就会需要双倍于原先的显示面板的栅极线以及双 倍的数据线,因而造成控制成本和难度的大幅增加
发明内容
为了降低有源黑矩阵结构的显示面板的控制成本和复杂度,本发明提供一种改进的像素结构,其包括多个亚像素,每个亚像素具有第一部分和第二部分,每个亚像素中的所述第一部分通过第一薄膜晶体管连接至数据线,所述第一薄膜晶体管的栅极连接至第一栅极线,每个亚像素中的所述第一部分和第二部分通过第二薄膜晶体管彼此连接,所述第二薄膜晶体管的栅极连接至第二栅极线。
根据本发明的像素结构,其中在平面显示模式下,第二栅极线提供高电平,使得每个所述亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管导通。
根据本发明的像素结构,其中在立体显示模式下,第二栅极线提供低电平,使得每个所述亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管断开。
根据本发明的像素结构,其中在从平面显示模式切换至立体显示模式时,数据线提供使得每个亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示为黑的黑画面。
根据本发明的像素结构,优选操作在常黑模式下。
本发明还提供了一种用于前述像素结构的控制方法,该方法包括:在平面显示模式下,通过第二栅极线提供高电平以导通每个亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示相同的从数据线输入的内容;在从平面显示模式切换至立体显示模式时,通过数据线提供黑画面,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示为黑;以及在立体显示模式下,通过所述第二栅极线提供低电平以断开每个所述亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分显示从数据线输入的内容,而所述第二部分保持显示为黑。
附图说明
下面将参照附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,附图中:
图1是根据本发明实施例的像素结构的示意图;
图2是例示现有技术中通过相位差板实现立体显示的视图;
图3是例示现有技术中的立体显示角度限制的视图;
图4(a)是现有技术中的普通像素结构的示意图;
图4(b)是现有技术中的有源黑矩阵像素结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,在根据本发明的像素结构中,第一部分(A像素)通过第一TFT连接至数据线Vd1/Vd2,第一TFT的栅极连接至栅极线第一栅极线VGa1/VGa2。第二部分(B像素)通过第二TFT与第一部分(A像素)相连,第二TFT的栅极连接至第二栅极线VGb1/VGb2。所有用于第二部分(B像素)的第二栅极线VGb1/VGb2可以通过线路C连接。
图1所示像素结构的控制方法如下:
在平面显示模式下,各个A像素的栅电极线依次输入高电平,用于显示的数据信号从数据线输入A像素。此时线路C一直输入高电平,即第二栅极线VGb1/VGb2提供高电平,使得连接A像素和B像素的第二TFT导通,保持A像素和B像素显示相同的内容。
在从平面显示模式切换至立体显示模式时,在平面显示模式的最后一帧画面中插入黑画面,使得A像素和B像素都显示为黑。
然后线路C输入低电平,使得第二TFT断开,而A像素还按照平面显示模式下的方式继续工作。因为第二TFT已经断开,所以像素A的信号无法进入像素B,像素B保持显示为黑。
优选地,本发明的上述控制方法用在常黑模式下。因为在常黑模式时,黑色画面为不加电场时的状态所显示,所以当栅电极线输入低电压时,B像素的TFT的漏电流不会使B像素发白。相反,如果是常白模式,黑画面为像素电压为最高电压,使液晶完全竖起时的状态,这样,当通过持续输入低电压进行保持时,就会有漏电流,造成B像素漏光,影响黑色显示的效果。
优选地,通过数据线输入的信号为电位交替变换的交流信号,这样在一定程度上使得进入B像素的正电位电流与负电位电流发生作用,避免在B像素处产生漏电流,从而降低B像素的漏光。
优选地,如果像素中从第一部分到第二部分(即A像素与B像素之间)的漏电流过大,则每隔数桢画面输入一次黑画面,以避免该第二部分(B像素)漏光。
优选地,在输入黑画面时,使全部的第一栅极线和第二栅极线输入高电位,数据线输入黑画面信号,从而使整个屏幕在很短的时间里刷新为黑画面,而不会被人眼察觉。
利用上述构造,本发明的像素结构相比现有技术具有更低的成本和更简单的控制方法,并且能够有效地改善立体显示的效果。

Claims (12)

1.一种构成有源黑矩阵的像素结构,包括至少两个亚像素,每个亚像素具有第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分通过第一薄膜晶体管连接至数据线,所述第一薄膜晶体管的栅极连接至第一栅极线,每个亚像素中的所述第一部分和第二部分通过第二薄膜晶体管彼此连接,所述第二薄膜晶体管的栅极连接至第二栅极线。
2.根据权利要求1的像素结构,其中用于所述像素结构中的每个亚像素的第二栅极线通过导线电连接。
3.根据权利要求1的像素结构,其中在平面显示模式下,所述第二栅极线提供高电平,使得每个所述亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管导通。
4.根据权利要求3的像素结构,其中在立体显示模式下,所述第二栅极线提供低电平,使得每个所述亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管断开。
5.根据权利要求3或4的像素结构,其中在从平面显示模式切换至立体显示模式时,通过数据线提供使得每个亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示为黑的黑画面。
6.根据权利要求5的像素结构,其中在提供黑画面时,全部所述第一栅极线和第二栅极线提供高电平,并且数据线提供黑画面信号。
7.根据权利要求1的像素结构,操作在常黑模式下。
8.根据权利要求1的像素结构,其中通过数据线输入的信号为电平交替变换的交流信号。
9.用于权利要求1所述的像素结构的控制方法,包括:
在平面显示模式下,通过第二栅极线提供高电平以导通每个亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示相同的从数据线输入的内容;
在从平面显示模式切换至立体显示模式时,通过数据线提供黑画面,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分和第二部分显示为黑;以及
在立体显示模式下,通过所述第二栅极线提供低电平以断开每个所述亚像素中的第二薄膜晶体管,使得每个所述亚像素中的第一部分显示从数据线输入的内容,而所述第二部分保持显示为黑。
10.根据权利要求9的控制方法,其中通过数据线输入的信号为电平交替变换的交流信号。
11.根据权利要求9的控制方法,其中在提供黑画面时,全部所述第一栅极线和第二栅极线提供高电平,并且数据线提供黑画面信号。
12.根据权利要求9的控制方法,其中每隔数桢画面输入一次黑画面,以避免所述第二部分漏光。
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