CN102640661A - Horseshoe slag preservation method and horseshoe slag edible fungus culture medium - Google Patents
Horseshoe slag preservation method and horseshoe slag edible fungus culture medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102640661A CN102640661A CN2012101473728A CN201210147372A CN102640661A CN 102640661 A CN102640661 A CN 102640661A CN 2012101473728 A CN2012101473728 A CN 2012101473728A CN 201210147372 A CN201210147372 A CN 201210147372A CN 102640661 A CN102640661 A CN 102640661A
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Abstract
The invention provides a horseshoe slag preservation method and an edible fungus culture medium recipe using horseshoe slag as major raw materials. The horseshoe slag preservation method belongs to a method of adding microbial starter cultures consisting of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis and yeast as major ingredients into the horseshoe slag for sealed preservation and fresh keeping. The process is simple and is easy to control, the cost is low, and the effect is good. A horseshoe slag culture medium is formed by mixing 25 to 40 parts of horseshoe slag, 13 to 18 parts of sawdust, 8 to 12 parts of corncob, 8 to 12 parts of wheat bran, 25 to 38 parts of cotton seed hull, 1 to 2 parts of lime and 1 to 2 parts of gypsum. The method and the culture medium can be used for the production of various kinds of edible fungi and have the advantages that the application range is wide, and the mastering and the control are easy. The obtained edible fungus product has the advantages that the tissue is good, the taste is good, and the nutrition value is high. The method belongs to the integral utilization technology of farm product processing leftover and waste materials, the cost of raw materials and the production cost are lower, and better economic benefits are realized. Waste materials are changed into useful materials, green effect, energy saving and environment protection are realized, and obvious social benefits are realized.
Description
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to a kind of water chestnut slag storage technology and edible mushroom and support based formulas.
Background technology
Water chestnut is claimed water chestnut again.Originate in India.China is the place that abounds with water chestnut, and its stature is big, the thin meat of skin is tender, and moisture is sufficient, and fresh and sweet no slag is sharp and clear good to eat, has both done vegetables and also can cook fruit, and living ripe edible, it is better to be processed into water chestnut can taste.Its water chestnut slag is the offcuts in the processing water chestnut can, mainly is water chestnut skin, water chestnut rake; The main component of water chestnut slag is cellulose, lignin, fructose, protein, phat fat, mineral matter, and contains multiple nutrients compositions such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium; Can be general as the culture medium raw material of edible fungus culturing; Because it is nutritious, very easily produce rotten, rotten, smelly again.Existing mostly be to be dried (being mostly to dry) handle to moisture content in storage below 10%.
Through market survey and publication retrieval, and do not find to have document and the report identical with technical scheme of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art, propose a kind of water chestnut slag method for preserving and be the culture medium of edible fungus prescription of main raw material(s) with the water chestnut slag.
Water chestnut is claimed water chestnut again.Originate in India.China is the place that abounds with water chestnut, and its stature is big, the thin meat of skin is tender, and moisture is sufficient, and fresh and sweet no slag is sharp and clear good to eat, has both done vegetables and also can cook fruit, and living ripe edible, it is better to be processed into water chestnut can taste.
Water chestnut slag of the present invention is the offcuts in processing water chestnut can, the starch, mainly is water chestnut skin, water chestnut marc; The main component of water chestnut slag is cellulose, lignin, fructose, protein, phat fat, mineral matter, and contains multiple nutrients compositions such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium.Because it is nutritious, very easily produce rotten, rotten, smelly.Existing mostly be to be dried (being mostly to dry) handle to moisture content in storage below 10%.
Water chestnut slag method for preserving of the present invention; It is characterized in that:, in the water chestnut slag of about 55-70% scope of its moisture content, add 0.01-0.05% microbial fermentation preservative with solid weight meter; Be after water chestnut slag interpolation 100-500 gram microbial fermentation preservatives per ton mix; Carry out hermetically storing, make the environment that is unfavorable for aerobic varied bacteria growing, utilize and carry out anticorrosion with the antibacterial principle of bacterium; The composition that the difficult bacterium mycelia that is eaten is utilized is converted into and can utilizes composition, and effectively preservation water chestnut slag never degenerates; Said water chestnut slag is the offcuts of water chestnut processing factory, mainly is water chestnut skin, water chestnut marc etc.; Said microbial fermentation preservative is the mixture of biological bacteria, and it mainly contains effective constituent is Lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete.
Said microbial fermentation preservative, its effective ingredient are Lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete; Can any ratio mix formation mutually, certain effect is all arranged.
Said microbial fermentation preservative, preferably its effective ingredient constitutes good by 20-40% Lactobacillus plantarum, 2040% bacillus subtilis, the saccharomycetic proportion mixing of 20-40%.
Said microbial fermentation preservative, preferably its effective ingredient constitutes good by the saccharomycetic proportion mixing of the 20-40% of the bacillus subtilis 、 ≧ 0.2 hundred million/gram of the Lactobacillus plantarum 、 ≧ 20-40%15 hundred million/gram of 20-40% ≧ 100,000,000/gram.
Said microbial fermentation preservative, the saccharomycete of the bacillus subtilis 、 ≧ 0.2 hundred million/gram of the Lactobacillus plantarum 、 ≧ 1,500,000,000/gram of You Xuan You ≧ 100,000,000/gram constitutes with 1: 1: 1 mixed.Preferably the microbial fermentation preservative in water chestnut slag interpolation 0.02-0.03% is good.
Said biofermentation preservative can add by any way or directly uses, and preferably will be dissolved or dispersed in earlier in 30-42 ℃ the warm water, excites 1-30 minutes, and then dilute with water, after mixing with the water chestnut slag, carries out hermetically storing, can obtain optimum efficiency.
Edible mushroom water chestnut slag medium of the present invention; It is characterized in that: its proportion scale; In oven dry weight: the scope by water chestnut slag 25-40 part, wooden chaff 13-18 part, corncob 8-12 part, wheat bran 8-12 part, cotton seed hulls 25-38 part, lime 1-2 part, gypsum 1-2 part is mixed, and promptly gets water chestnut slag medium.
Water chestnut slag medium of the present invention; The cultivation and production that can generally be used for various high temperature modification edible mushrooms, low form edible mushroom; Adopt prior art, method; According to conditions such as the water of the environment of its growth characteristics of different edible fungus varieties control production process and air humidity, temperature, illumination, produce and obtain its edible fungus.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect: water chestnut slag method for preserving of the present invention and culture medium of edible fungus thereof, technology simply are easy to control, cost is low, effective; Its water chestnut slag medium can generally be used for the production of various edible mushrooms, has wide adaptability, is easy to grasp and control; Gained edible fungus, fine quality taste well, be of high nutritive value; Water chestnut slag method for preserving of the present invention and culture medium of edible fungus thereof belong to the comprehensive utilization of agro-product processing offcuts, waste material, and its raw material, production cost are lower, have favorable economic benefit; Turn waste into wealth, green, energy-saving and environmental protection have remarkable social benefit.
Concrete embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Water chestnut slag method for preserving:
Water chestnut slag: be the offcuts (mainly being water chestnut skin, water chestnut rake, water chestnut marc etc.) of water chestnut can processing factory; Its moisture content about about 55-70%.
Microbial fermentation preservative: the saccharomycete of bacillus subtilis , ≧ 0.2 hundred million/gram of selecting the Lactobacillus plantarum , ≧ 1,500,000,000/gram of commercially available ≧ 100,000,000/gram for use; Press the 20-40% Lactobacillus plantarum, the 20-40% bacillus subtilis, the saccharomycetic proportion of 20-40%, the mixed microbial fermentation preservative that gets different proportionings makes an experiment.
Technological operation: with solid weight meter, in its water chestnut slag, add 0.01-0.05% microbial fermentation preservative, water chestnut slag promptly per ton adds 100-500 gram microbial fermentation preservatives, after mixing, carries out hermetically storing;
Microbial fermentation preservative addition manner: elder generation is dissolved or dispersed in it an amount of, excite 1-30 minutes in about 30-42 ℃ the warm water, and then dilute with water (is confirmed according to water chestnut slag moisture content generally; Can add water to more than 200-300 times); Sprinkle (sprinkling) uniformly on the water chestnut slag as far as possible, through mixing thoroughly, in heaps; Sealed by film storage is not allowed preservation under it and the outside air contact conditions.
Embodiment 2
Water chestnut slag method for preserving:
Water chestnut slag: be the offcuts (mainly being water chestnut skin, water chestnut marc etc.) of water chestnut can processing factory; Its moisture content about about 60%.
Microbial fermentation preservative: select for use Guangdong Lubaiduo Bio-tech Co., Ltd. to be used for " fermentation is precious " of purification of water quality, feed stripped health-care additive, Midew preventive for feed.(main component: Lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, yeast; Standard: Zhi thing Ru Gan Jun ≧ 100,000,000/gram, Ku grass Ya spore Gan Jun ≧ 1,500,000,000/gram, Jiao Mu ≧ 0.2 hundred million/gram)
Technological operation: with solid weight meter, in 1000 kilograms water chestnut slag, add 0.02% microbial fermentation preservative " fermentation is precious ", water chestnut slag promptly per ton adds 250 gram biological preservatives " fermentation is precious "., after mixing, carry out hermetically storing;
Microbial fermentation preservative addition manner: earlier will " fermentation is precious " be dissolved or dispersed in 30-40 ℃ the warm water and excite 3-10 minutes; And then dilute with water, sprinkle uniformly on the water chestnut slag as far as possible, mix thoroughly with forklift again; In heaps;, live with mudding then sprinkling the precious lid of fermentation film on the surface, do not allow it ventilative.
Above embodiment result of the test: holding time: 2-5 month, fresh intact, all there is not putrefactive phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
Water chestnut slag medium:
Its raw material: subsequent use raw material water chestnut slag: its water chestnut slag is tiled on the sunning ground, and the about 0.5cm of thickness shone 2-3 days, and moisture is below 10%; All the other each subsequent use raw materials are that commercially available purchase obtains, and moisture is below 10%.
Embodiment 1
Water chestnut slag medium of the present invention: its proportion scale; In oven dry weight: the scope by water chestnut slag 25-40 part, wooden chaff 13-18 part, corncob 8-12 part, wheat bran 8-12 part, cotton seed hulls 25-38 part, lime 1-2 part, gypsum 1-2 part is mixed, and promptly gets water chestnut slag medium.
Embodiment 4
Water chestnut slag medium of the present invention, the low form edible mushroom, coprinus comatus production example:
Coprinus comatus is being commonly called as of coprinus comatus, and because of its shape such as chicken leg, the meat meat flavour is gained the name like shredded chicken, is the artificial in recent years rare bacterium article of developing with business potential, is described as " rising star in the bacterium ".Chinese formal name used at school: shaggy cap, another name: coprinus comatus; Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Homobasidiomycetidae, Agaricales, terrible umbrella section, Coprinus, shaggy cap.Latin name: Copyinds comatus (MUII.Fr) Gray original producton location: Yunnan distributes: a lot of economize (districts), the whole nation such as Heilungkiang, Jilin, Hebei, Shanxi, the Inner Mongol.Coprinus comatus produces, and key step is:
1, water chestnut slag medium batching: its proportion scale, in oven dry weight: mix thoroughly for 1.5 parts by 35 parts of water chestnut slags, 15 parts of wooden chaffs, 10 parts of corncobs, 10 parts in wheat bran, 28 parts of cotton seed hullss, 1.5 parts in lime, gypsum; Promptly get water chestnut slag medium;
2, system tube:, water chestnut slag medium is added suitable quantity of water stir by designing or required size with Polythene Bag, pack system tube gets water chestnut slag medium tube;
3, sterilization: to water chestnut slag medium tube, sterilize with steam, normal pressure was sterilized 20 hours down;
4, edible fungi inoculation: the water chestnut slag medium tube after the sterilization, take advantage of heat to take the dish out of the pot, when temperature drops to 28-33 and spends, inoculate the coprinus comatus bacterial classification of commercially available prior art;
5, hypha of edible fungus is cultivated: the bacterium tube good through inoculation places cool place, drying, lucifuge, cultivates mycelia in the environment that temperature is 20~28 ℃;
6, edible mushroom, growth management: after mycelia is covered with, be transposed to relative humidity of atomsphere 85%~95%, mushroom room, canopy that temperature range is 9~20 ℃ carry out edible mushroom, grow up and manage, to reach high yield and high quality edible mushroom finished product mushroom;
7, gathering of edible mushroom: through edible mushroom, the management of growing up, become mushroom after, carry out gathering, process and promptly getting edible mushroom coprinus comatus product of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 5
Water chestnut slag medium of the present invention, the high temperature modification edible mushroom, straw mushroom production example:
Straw mushroom originates from the temple, Nanhua in Shaoguan, Guangdong; China has begun artificial cultivation before 300 years; Importing countries in the world about 1930's into by the overseas Chinese, is a kind of important tropical and subtropical zone mushroom class, is the third-largest in the world culturing edible fungus; China's straw mushroom output occupies first of the world, mainly is distributed in the South China.Straw mushroom is nutritious, delicious flavour.Chinese formal name used at school: straw mushroom; Another name, delicious straw mushroom, delicious luxuriant pin mushroom, Volvariella volvacen, stalk mushroom, numb mushroom and Chinese mushroom.Latin name: Volvariella volvacea (Bull.:Fr.) Sing straw mushroom produces, and key step is:
1, water chestnut slag medium batching: its proportion scale, in oven dry weight: straw mushroom is mixed thoroughly for 1.5 parts by 30 parts of water chestnut slags, 15 parts of wooden chaffs, 10 parts of corncobs, 10 parts in wheat bran, 33 parts of cotton seed hullss, 1.5 parts in lime, gypsum; Promptly get water chestnut slag medium;
2, system tube:, water chestnut slag medium is added suitable quantity of water stir by designing or required size with Polythene Bag, pack system tube gets water chestnut slag medium tube;
3, sterilization: to water chestnut slag medium tube, sterilize with steam, normal pressure was sterilized 20 hours down;
4, edible fungi inoculation: the water chestnut slag medium tube after the sterilization, take advantage of heat to take the dish out of the pot, when temperature drops to 28-33 and spends, inoculate the straw mushroom bacterial classification of commercially available prior art;
5, hypha of edible fungus is cultivated: the bacterium tube good through inoculation places cool place, drying, lucifuge, cultivates mycelia in temperature 30-40 ℃ the environment;
6, edible mushroom, growth management: after mycelia is covered with, be transposed to temperature range 24-33 ℃, relative air humidity 90-95%, the mushroom room of lucifuge, canopy carry out edible mushroom, grow up and manage, to reach high yield and high quality edible mushroom finished product mushroom;
7, gathering of edible mushroom: through edible mushroom, the management of growing up, become mushroom after, carry out gathering, process and promptly getting edible mushroom straw mushroom product of edible mushroom.
Above water chestnut slag medium through the experiment in cultivation of high temperature modification edible mushroom, low form edible mushroom, all can obtain an edible mushroom big, of fine quality.
Claims (7)
1. water chestnut slag method for preserving; It is characterized in that: with solid weight meter; In the water chestnut slag of about 55-70% scope of its moisture content, add 0.01-0.05% microbial fermentation preservative, water chestnut slag promptly per ton adds 100-500 gram microbial fermentation preservatives; After mixing, carry out hermetically storing;
Said water chestnut slag is the offcuts of water chestnut processing factory, mainly is the marc after water chestnut skin, the water chestnut processing;
Said microbial fermentation is anticorrosion to be the mixture of microbial bacteria, and it mainly contains effective constituent is Lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete.
2. water chestnut slag method for preserving according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said microbial fermentation preservative, its effective ingredient is made up of 20-40% Lactobacillus plantarum, 20-40% bacillus subtilis, the saccharomycetic proportion mixing of 20-40%.
3. water chestnut slag method for preserving according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said microbial fermentation preservative, its effective ingredient is mixed formation by the saccharomycetic proportion of the 20-40% of the bacillus subtilis 、 ≧ 0.2 hundred million/gram of the Lactobacillus plantarum 、 ≧ 20-40%15 hundred million/gram of 20-40% ≧ 100,000,000/gram.
4. water chestnut slag method for preserving according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the saccharomycete of the bacillus subtilis 、 ≧ 0.2 hundred million/gram of the Lactobacillus plantarum 、 ≧ 1,500,000,000/gram of said microbial fermentation preservative , You ≧ 100,000,000/gram constitutes with 1: 1: 1 mixed.
5. water chestnut slag method for preserving according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said microbial fermentation preservative is " fermentation is precious " product of Guangdong Lubaiduo Bio-tech Co., Ltd..
6. water chestnut slag method for preserving according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said microbial fermentation preservative, and its addition manner is; To be dissolved or dispersed in earlier in 30-42 ℃ the warm water, excite 1-30 minutes, and then dilute with water; After mixing with the water chestnut slag, carry out hermetically storing.
7. water chestnut slag medium; It is characterized in that: its proportion scale; In oven dry weight: the scope by water chestnut slag 25-40 part, wooden chaff 13-18 part, corncob 8-12 part, wheat bran 8-12 part, cotton seed hulls 25-38 part, lime 1-2 part, gypsum 1-2 part is mixed, and promptly gets water chestnut slag medium.
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Cited By (3)
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CN109007265A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 钟山县良丰生态农业有限公司 | A kind of biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
CN111418438A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-17 | 深圳市中懿环境治理有限公司 | Mushroom culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
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