CN102630524A - Seeding greenhouse - Google Patents
Seeding greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN102630524A CN102630524A CN2011102716332A CN201110271633A CN102630524A CN 102630524 A CN102630524 A CN 102630524A CN 2011102716332 A CN2011102716332 A CN 2011102716332A CN 201110271633 A CN201110271633 A CN 201110271633A CN 102630524 A CN102630524 A CN 102630524A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seeding greenhouse, comprising a greenhouse seeding management system, a greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system, a greenhouse spraying irrigation system, a greenhouse supplementary lighting system and a seeding conveying system. The seeding greenhouse multiplies the utilization rates of space and earth by utilizing a multilayer three-dimensional seeding bedstead, can manually control the quantity of illumination and ensures regular illumination requirements, and a spray header arranged on the multilayer three-dimensional seeding bedstead can randomly provide required nutrient solution or water for seedings. The seeding greenhouse disclosed by the invention orderly integrates the greenhouse seeding management system, the greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system, the greenhouse spraying irrigation system, the greenhouse supplementary lighting system and the seeding conveying system so as to realize the professionalization and the systematization of greenhouse seeding and meet design requirements of modernized seeding facilities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural greenhouse technical field, be specifically related to a kind of seedling cultivation greenhouse.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of modern agriculture, rice mechanization, large-scale degree progressively improve, and planting types such as traditional hand is inserted, rice transplanting will be substituted by mechanized planting comprehensively.The topmost bottleneck of machine transplanting of rice seedling is exactly the supply problem of rice shoot at present, and this just will need batch production, centralization, scale seedling.The machine transplanting of rice and the seedling-cultivation technique of China come from Japan, and it is main that seedling is mainly cultivated in hard disk, floppy disk, for industrial sprout cultivation has brought possibility.So-called rice industrial sprout cultivation technology is to be the basis with essence amount semi-accuracy seeding technology, utilizes the mechanical production line sowing, adopts greenhouse or land for growing field crops to concentrate a kind of extensive seedling raising method of cultivating, and is an emerging agriculture cost-saving synergistic technology.The rice shoot of industrial sprout cultivation is neatly even, can effectively control temp. and humidity and change and illumination, has guaranteed the rice shoot quality; Suitable supporting with machine rice transplantation, realized that seedling is specialized, supply the seedling commercialization; But saving of labor, province's fertilizer, water-saving, province's kind are the important component parts of rice mechanization cultivation.Compare the comparatively ripe industrial sprout cultivation industry of other countries, the industrial sprout cultivation of China also is in the stage at the early-stage.
Present stage, the industrial sprout cultivation carried out of the whole nation was main with open country and the seedling of booth individual layer mainly; Because the rice shoot seedling age is short; Generally all for simply being layered on the ground, the operational administrative of unification lacks various perfect auxiliary facilities in the booth seedling; For example temperature control system, irrigation system etc., and do not form a complete seedling management system.Compare with ripe relatively industrialized vegetable culture facility, the industrial sprout cultivation facilities design of China and the integrated manufacturing of complete set of equipments at present all is in blank.
Summary of the invention
To the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists, the present invention provides a kind of seedling cultivation greenhouse, and it can realize the specialization and the systematization of nursing young plants in hothouses.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of seedling cultivation greenhouse comprises the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses, greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system, and greenhouse spray irrigation system, greenhouse light filling system and rice shoot transportation system,
The said management system of nursing young plants in hothouses comprises sowing administrative unit, temperature treatment unit, moisturizing administrative unit and pest management unit; Said sowing administrative unit comprises the portable seedling raising bedstead with multi-stage bedstead; Interval interval sowing on from top to bottom each of said seedling raising bedstead layer bedstead; Said temperature treatment unit comprises temperature sensor, intensity of illumination sensor, roof window, solar protection devices and film rolling device, and said roof window and said sunshade net are arranged on the top in greenhouse, and said film rolling device is installed on the top and apron in greenhouse; And be connected with overlay film on the apron with the top; Said temperature sensor is electrically connected with said roof window and film rolling device through the temperature sensor control circuit, and said intensity of illumination sensor is electrically connected with said solar protection devices through the intensity of illumination sensor control circuit, perhaps; Said temperature sensor and said intensity of illumination sensor are connected with temperature alarming device, intensity of illumination warning device respectively; Said moisturizing administrative unit comprises soil humidity sensor and spray irrigation rig, the corresponding setting of said spray irrigation rig with said seedling raising bedstead, and the rice shoot on the said seedling raising bedstead carried out in good time moisturizing; Said soil humidity sensor is electrically connected with said spray irrigation rig through the soil humidity sensor control circuit; Perhaps said soil humidity sensor is connected with the soil moisture warning device, and said pest management unit comprises fly net, and said fly net is arranged on the apron in greenhouse;
Said greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system comprises plurality of fixed column on the ground; Be provided with crown between every adjacent said column; Be provided with the gutter that is positioned at said column top between every adjacent said crown, said gutter end is provided with downpipe, and said downpipe extend into the tank that is arranged on the greenhouse periphery; Be provided with clarifier in the said tank, said tank connection is arranged on ground cistern;
Said greenhouse spray irrigation system comprises liquid-supplying system, be used for rice shoot on said seedling raising bedstead provides the irrigation pipe network of nutrient solution or water, be arranged on the acquisition terminal in rice shoot district and the control centre that is connected with said acquisition terminal; Said control centre is connected with said liquid-supplying system and is used to make said liquid-supplying system to be communicated with said irrigation pipe network; Wherein, Said control centre receives the signal of acquisition terminal; Judge the demand status of rice shoot according to said signal, and the nutrient solution or the water of irrigating usefulness is provided to rice shoot according to this demand status control liquid-supplying system to nutrient solution or water;
Said greenhouse light filling system comprises portable seedling raising bedstead; Said portable seedling raising bedstead comprises the bedstead unit that many groups connect through the bedstead post; Wherein, Every group of bedstead unit comprises upper strata bedstead, middle level bedstead and lower floor's bedstead, and said upper strata bedstead and said lower floor bedstead and said bedstead post are for being fixedly connected, and said middle level bedstead is that packaged type is connected with said bedstead post;
Said greenhouse rice shoot transportation system comprises seedling disk frame; Said seedling disk frame comprises trestle and is fixed on the rack-layer unit on the said trestle; Wherein, said rack-layer unit is provided with crossbeam, longeron and rib, and said crossbeam, longeron and rib are provided with position limiting structure; Said seedling disk frame comprises a plurality of rack-layers unit, and said rack-layer unit is fixedly connected through said trestle.
Further, said sunshade net is connected with the electric gear transmission device, and said intensity of illumination sensor is electrically connected with said electric gear transmission device through the intensity of illumination sensor control circuit, controls the electric opening of said sunshade net and closes.
Further; Said temperature sensor connects said temperature alarming device, said intensity of illumination sensor connects said intensity of illumination warning device and is connected said soil moisture warning device with said soil humidity sensor, and said roof window, film rolling device and spray irrigation rig are provided with the manual controller.
Further, said crown is semicircle, and said gutter is down trapezoidal and two ends are respectively arranged with downpipe, and the drowning gradient of said gutter is 1-10 ‰.
Further, the material of said column is steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; The material of said crown is steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; The material of said gutter is steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy.
Further, said irrigation pipe network comprise at least one main line and with said main line through the affixed a plurality of branch lines of threeway, wherein, said branch line is provided with at least one spray head, the position of said spray head is towards the rice shoot of needs sprays; Said main line is fixed on the said seedling raising bedstead through fixture.
Further, said acquisition terminal is one or more in nutrient sensor, air damp-warm syndrome sensor or the CO2 concentration sensor of moisture transducer, rice shoot of rice shoot.
Further, said liquid-supplying system comprises water pump and the container that is connected with the water pump fluid, and the outlet of said water pump is connected with filter and magnetic valve in turn, and wherein, said magnetic valve is electrically connected with said control centre.
Further, bedstead bottom in said middle level is provided with guide rail and pulley, and said seedling raising bedstead is detachable steelwork component, said steel construction employing galvanizing processing.
Further, the position limiting structure cross section that is provided with on the said rib is inverted T shape, and the position limiting structure cross section that is provided with on said crossbeam, the longeron is the L type, wherein,
Distance between said rib is suitable with the size of rice shoot dish;
Said trestle is the liftable structure; Said liftable structure comprises detachable top and detachable bottom; Said detachable top is provided with the aperture adaptive with bolt with detachable bottom, and said detachable top is connected with said bolt through said aperture with detachable bottom.
The invention provides a kind of seedling cultivation greenhouse of rice shoot of layer stereo, comprise the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses, greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system; Greenhouse spray irrigation system, greenhouse light filling system and rice shoot transportation system, the present invention adopts the layer stereo seedling raising bedstead; Make space and land utilization rate significantly improve; And can artificially control the quantity of illumination, guarantee the normal illumination requirement of rice shoot, the spray head of installing on the seedling raising bedstead can provide required nutrient solution or water to rice shoot at any time.The seedling cultivation greenhouse provided by the invention management system of will nursing young plants in hothouses; Greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system; Greenhouse spray irrigation system; Greenhouse light filling system and rice shoot transportation system integrate in order, thereby have realized the specialization and the systematization of nursing young plants in hothouses, and have satisfied the needs of modernized seedling facilities design.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the seedling raising bedstead in the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the spray irrigation rig sketch map in the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic internal view of the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of greenhouse of the present invention rainwater cyclic utilization system;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the gutter in the greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 has been to use the structural representation of the attached-greenhouse of greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 7 is the side-looking structural representation of attached-greenhouse shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 8 is the general structure sketch map of greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system;
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system;
Figure 10 is the overall schematic of portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic top plan view of portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the sketch map that the middle level bedstead of portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention shifts out state;
Figure 13 is that the A-A with portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention shown in Figure 10 is the structural representation in cross section;
Figure 14 is between the portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention unit, the structural representation of upper strata bedstead and bedstead post fixing type binding site;
Figure 15 is a portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention unit group end, the structural representation of upper strata bedstead and bedstead post fixing type binding site;
Figure 16 is between the portable seedling raising bedstead of the present invention unit, the structural representation of middle level bedstead and bedstead post packaged type binding site;
Figure 17 is a seedling disk frame structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 18 is the position limiting structure sketch map of seedling disk frame of the present invention;
Figure 19 is the liftable structural representation of seedling disk frame of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the sketch map of seedling cultivation greenhouse of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1-2 0, seedling cultivation greenhouse provided by the invention mainly comprises the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses, greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system; Greenhouse spray irrigation system, greenhouse light filling system and rice shoot transportation system, the present invention adopts the layer stereo seedling raising bedstead; Make space and land utilization rate significantly improve; And can artificially control the quantity of illumination, guarantee the normal illumination requirement of rice shoot, the spray head of installing on the seedling raising bedstead can provide required nutrient solution or water to rice shoot at any time.The seedling cultivation greenhouse provided by the invention management system of will nursing young plants in hothouses; Greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system; Greenhouse spray irrigation system; Greenhouse light filling system and rice shoot transportation system integrate in order, thereby have realized the specialization and the systematization of nursing young plants in hothouses, and have satisfied the needs of modernized seedling facilities design.
Next, each system is explained particularly.
The management system of nursing young plants in hothouses
The management system of nursing young plants in hothouses of the present invention comprises sowing administrative unit, temperature treatment unit, moisturizing administrative unit and pest management unit; Wherein, The sowing administrative unit comprises the portable seedling raising bedstead with multi-stage bedstead, interval interval sowing on from top to bottom each of seedling raising bedstead layer bedstead; Said temperature treatment unit comprises temperature sensor, intensity of illumination sensor, roof window, solar protection devices and film rolling device; Roof window and sunshade net are arranged on the top in greenhouse; Film rolling device is installed on the top and apron in greenhouse, and is connected with overlay film on the apron with the top; Wherein, temperature sensor is electrically connected with roof window and film rolling device through the temperature sensor control circuit, and the intensity of illumination sensor is electrically connected with solar protection devices through the intensity of illumination sensor control circuit; Perhaps, wherein, temperature sensor and intensity of illumination sensor are connected with temperature alarming device, intensity of illumination warning device respectively; The moisturizing administrative unit comprises soil humidity sensor and spray irrigation rig; Soil humidity sensor is electrically connected with the spray irrigation rig through the soil humidity sensor control circuit; Spray the corresponding setting of irrigation rig, and the rice shoot on the seedling raising bedstead is carried out in good time moisturizing with seedling raising bedstead; Wherein, soil humidity sensor is electrically connected with the spray irrigation rig through the soil humidity sensor control circuit, and perhaps soil humidity sensor is connected with the soil moisture warning device; The pest management unit comprises fly net, and fly net is arranged on the apron in greenhouse.
The management system of nursing young plants in hothouses of the present invention, its sowing administrative unit is at first carried out layering, interval sowing on the multilayer seedling raising bedstead, be convenient to later stage rice shoot light filling; The temperature treatment unit by using is windowed at the top, greenhouse and is drained hot gas; In the greenhouse, form cross-ventilation, make it a good gravity-flow ventilation, cooling environment, utilize the intensity of illumination sensor to detect the intensity of illumination in the greenhouse; The light-inletting quantity of sunshade net to obtain to suit at control top, greenhouse; Utilize the temperature sensor in the greenhouse to detect the temperature in the greenhouse, control and be installed in the top in greenhouse and the film rolling device at apron place all around, can improve greenhouse climate inside and ventilation respectively; Perhaps; Manual work is according to the alarm signal of the warning device of each sensor connection, and the manual operation said apparatus is controlled the temperature in the greenhouse, and the temperature treatment unit makes the temperature in the greenhouse remain on 28-35 ℃ that is fit to seedling growth generally; Moisturizing management unit by using soil humidity sensor detects the humidity of soil, and control spray irrigation rig is realized rice shoot is carried out in good time moisturizing, also can be according to the alarm signal of soil moisture warning device, and Artificial Control spray irrigation rig carries out moisturizing; The pest management unit by using is at the fly net that periphery apron in greenhouse sets up, and prevents that rice shoot from receiving the harm of small brown rice planthopper etc.The management system of nursing young plants in hothouses of the present invention realizes the specialization and the systematization of nursing young plants in hothouses to the control and management of carrying out of the sowing in the process of nursing young plants in hothouses, temperature, moisturizing and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
As replenishing, under special circumstances, can also the direct labor control and spray irrigation rig and carry out the active moisturizing, carry out moisturizing during like the little volume of rice shoot leaf at noon, be not suitable for season of rice transplanting in continuous rainfall, moisture capable of using is suitably controlled seedling growth speed etc.
In order to realize more easily to the rice shoot light filling on the seedling raising bedstead, and reach the light filling of better effect, the bedstead of the part layer of seedling raising bedstead of the present invention can be extracted out from seedling raising bedstead, makes things convenient for the rice shoot dislocation light filling on the bedstead.The dislocation light filling preferably carries out after wholeheartedly at rice shoot one leaf.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, this seedling raising bedstead 10 preferably has three-high berth frame 11, and the bedstead 11 that is positioned at the intermediate layer can be extracted out.According to these three layers of seedling raising bedstead 10 interval sowings, three-high berth frame 11 can be according to sowing in the sequence interval 2-4 under in last days.
Top, greenhouse of the present invention is whenever striden two cover film rolling devices is installed; The quadruplet film rolling device is installed around the greenhouse; The appropriate configurations film rolling device; Switching and up-down that can be through film rolling device drive and roll or launch top or the overlay film on the apron all around, in the greenhouse, obtain preferable weather conditions and ventilation condition.
In order to obtain different climatic conditions and ventilation condition, the switching stroke or the adjustable height of film rolling device of the present invention are adjustable.As preferred embodiment, the film rolling device that is installed on the top, greenhouse is the film rolling device of 1.2m for opening and closing stroke, and the film rolling device that is installed on the apron highly is the above film rolling device of 1.8m for opening and closing.
When temperature sensor of the present invention is connected with film rolling device of the present invention through the temperature sensor control circuit; This film rolling device is the automatic film rolling device; Be that film rolling device all can be provided with drive motors; Temperature sensor of the present invention is through the control drive motors, thus the work of control film rolling device; When temperature sensor of the present invention was connected with temperature alarming device, film rolling device can also be provided with the manual controller, as can manually-operated switch; Perhaps this film rolling device can be configured to manual film-coiling device; 30 type worm reducers, dependable performance, steady quality are produced in preferred Shanghai.
In order in the greenhouse, to obtain suitable logical light quantity more easily; The sunshade net is connected with the electric gear transmission device; Said intensity of illumination sensor is electrically connected with said electric gear transmission device through the intensity of illumination sensor control circuit, controls the electric opening of said sunshade net and closes.Equally, when intensity of illumination sensor of the present invention was connected with the intensity of illumination warning device, this sunshade net can be provided with the manual controller, for example can manually-operated switch in the setting of above-mentioned electric gear transmission device.
In order further to regulate the temperature in the greenhouse, temperature treatment unit further of the present invention comprises the cascade heat sink.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3; Spray irrigation rig 12 of the present invention comprises feed flow water pump (not shown), the feed flow pipeline 13 that is connected with the feed flow water pump and the irrigation pipeline 14 that is connected with feed flow pipeline 13; Wherein, irrigation pipeline is provided with the spray head 15 towards the bed of growing seedlings; The soil humidity sensor (not shown) is electrically connected with feed flow water pump (not shown) through the soil humidity sensor control circuit.Realize automatic irrigation or automatic supply nutrient solution in the process of nursing young plants in hothouses like this.Equally, when soil humidity sensor of the present invention was connected with the intensity of illumination warning device, the spray irrigation rig was provided with the manual controller, for example, and for the setting of feed flow water pump can manually-operated switch.
As shown in Figure 3, to the infringement of the suffered different insects in local greenhouse, the order number of fly net 16 of the present invention can change with adapting to, and preferably adopting the order number is 22 purpose fly nets 16.
Greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system
Shown in Fig. 4-7, the invention provides a kind of greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system, comprise plurality of fixed column 21 on the ground; Be provided with crown 22 between every adjacent upright posts 21; Be provided with the gutter 23 that is positioned at column 21 tops between every adjacent crown 22, the end of gutter 23 is provided with downpipe 24, and downpipe 24 extend into the tank 25 that is arranged on the greenhouse periphery; Be provided with clarifier 26 in the tank 25, tank 25 connections are arranged on ground cistern 27.
When rainwater drops to the gutter 23 of attached-greenhouse; Rainwater is in the downpipe 24 that gutter 23 flows into gutter 23 ends are connected; Downpipe 24 enters rainwater in the tank 25 thereupon, and the clarifier 26 of flowing through of the rainwater in the tank 25 injects in the cistern 27 through the rainwater that purifies.
For realizing the recycle of rainwater; Cistern 27 of the present invention can preferentially be connected to attached-greenhouse through the pipeline (not shown); When the plant arid in the attached-greenhouse needs water, can the rainwater of accumulating in the cistern 27 be introduced in the attached-greenhouse to solve plant arid problem through pipeline.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that the rainwater in the cistern 27 is incorporated in the attached-greenhouse, except adopting above-mentioned pipeline, can also adopt other introducing mode of the prior art, repeat no more at this.
Like Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, vault 21 of the present invention preferably is set to semicircle, and gutter 23 preferably is set to trapezoidal.The present invention is owing to adopt the vault 21 of semicircle roof construction, and the rainwater that therefore drops to vault 21 all flows into gutter 23, has avoided rainwater to infiltrate in the attached-greenhouse effectively; The present invention adopts down the gutter 23 of trapezoidal heavy in section design, therefore can satisfy the requirement of heavy rainfall, improves the bearing capacity in greenhouse, and can the handled easily personnel installs and the carrying out of work such as maintenance.
As a kind of preferred version, the both ends of gutter 23 of the present invention are provided with downpipe 24 respectively, and gutter 23 has been set to drowning gradient, and the rainwater that therefore gets into gutter 23 all flows in the downpipe 24, has avoided rainwater to hoard in gutter 23 effectively.In the present embodiment, drowning gradient of the present invention is set to 3 ‰.
The drowning gradient that one skilled in the art will appreciate that gutter 23 of the present invention can also adopt 2 ‰, 8 ‰ except adopting above-mentioned 3 ‰, repeats no more at this.
The material of column 21 of the present invention can adopt steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; The material of crown 22 can adopt steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; The material of gutter 23 can adopt steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy.In order further to improve the bearing capacity in greenhouse, prolong the service life in greenhouse, column of the present invention 21, crown 22 and gutter 23 preferably all adopt hot-galvanized steel.In the present embodiment, gutter 23 of the present invention is by the thick hot-galvanized steel bending and forming of 1.5mm.
As a kind of preferred version, the inwall and the diapire of cistern 27 of the present invention are equipped with waterproofing membrane, can prevent that like this rainwater of collecting from permeating the ground, and can improve the availability of water resource greatly.In the present embodiment, cistern 27 of the present invention mainly forms by laying the waterproofing membrane transformation in bottom, natural pool.
To sum up; The present invention is provided with steel crown 22 owing to being employed between the adjacent steel column 21; The steel gutter 23 of heavy in section design is set between the adjacent crown 22, and gutter 23 has drowning gradient, downpipe 24 is set respectively at the both ends of gutter 23; Downpipe 24 bottoms extend in the tank 25; With injecting behind the rainwater purification in the cistern 27, the water in the cistern 27 can be used for again irrigating the plant in the attached-greenhouse through clarifier 26 for tank 25, so the present invention not only can satisfy the requirement of heavy rainfall and greenhouse high bearing capacity, be convenient to operator's installation and maintenance again; And can the conserve water resource, realize dropping to the recycle of water resource minimum owing to the seedling risk that water causes.
Greenhouse spray irrigation system
Like Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9; Greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system comprises liquid-supplying system, be used for rice shoot on seedling raising bedstead provides the irrigation pipe network of nutrient solution or water, be arranged on the acquisition terminal in rice shoot district and the control centre that is connected with acquisition terminal; Control centre is connected with liquid-supplying system and is used to make liquid-supplying system to be communicated with irrigation pipe network; Wherein, Control centre receives the signal of acquisition terminal, judges the demand status of rice shoot to nutrient solution or water according to signal, and according to this demand status control liquid-supplying system the nutrient solution or the water of irrigating usefulness is provided to rice shoot.
Greenhouse provided by the invention spray irrigation system can improve the efficient that spray is irrigated effectively, has practiced thrift nutrient solution or water resource simultaneously, has satisfied the needs that seedling growth is grown.
The irrigation pipe network of greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system comprise at least one main line 31 and with main line through the affixed a plurality of branch lines 32 of threeway 35; Wherein, Branch line 32 is provided with at least one spray head 33, and the position of spray head 33 is towards the seedbed of needs spray; Main line 31 is fixed on the seedling raising bedstead through fixture.
So that irrigate the spray process and steadily carry out smoothly, the said fixing device can be fixedly anchor ear or iron wire, or other fixtures that those skilled in the art were familiar with in order main line 31 to be fixed on the seedling raising bedstead.
For growing of rice shoot monitored in real time, acquisition terminal can be the moisture transducer of rice shoot, nutrient sensor, air damp-warm syndrome sensor or the CO of rice shoot
2In the concentration sensor one or more, the information of collection can comprise moisture, nutrient, the temperature of air, humidity, the CO of rice shoot
2In the concentration one or more.
For example; When rice shoot lacks nutrient or moisture; Nutrient that the nutrient sensor of rice shoot or moisture transducer monitor rice shoot or moisture are less than the threshold value that is provided with in advance, and this sensor can be to control centre's feedback signal, and control centre starts water pump and opens the magnetic valve that is electrically connected with control centre simultaneously after receiving this signal; Begin to satisfy the demand of rice shoot district to nutrient solution or water to rice shoot district supplying nutrients liquid or water.
The nutrient sensor of rice shoot, air damp-warm syndrome sensor also can be connected with warning device; When rice shoot lacks nutrient or moisture; Sensor sends signal to warning device; Warning device sends alarm sound after receiving this signal, so that in time notify administrative staff to manually boot water pump to rice shoot district supplying nutrients liquid or water.
Be provided with filter between the liquid-supplying system of greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system and the irrigation pipe network, its objective is the foreign material that filter in nutrient solution or the water, stop up irrigation pipeline, guarantee whole system operation efficiently for a long time to avoid foreign material.
As a kind of preferred version, above-mentioned filter can be lamination filter or automatic cleaning strainer.
For the ease of irrigating, realize the segmented management; And the nutrient solution in the spray of the control irrigation in real time process or the flow velocity of water; Main line 31 is provided with valve 34, and valve 34 is a valve of manually controlling ball valve or the other types that those skilled in the art were familiar with.
In order to provide nutrient solution or water, liquid-supplying system can comprise water pump and the container that is connected with the water pump fluid to rice shoot, wherein, the outlet of water pump is connected with filter.Certainly, filter also can be arranged in the container, and water pump will through the filter filtered nutrient solution or water directly be sent to main line and branch line supplies to irrigate the rice shoot use.Container in the liquid-supplying system both can for one also can be for a plurality of, when number of containers is one, promptly; According to the demand of rice shoot, be contained with water or nutrient solution in the container, when number of containers is a plurality of; That is, be contained with water and multiple nutrients liquid in a plurality of containers respectively, according to the actual demand of rice shoot; Can supply water to rice shoot, or in the nutrient solution one or more.
Threeway among the present invention can be reducer tee, also can be the threeway of the other types that those skilled in the art were familiar with.
In the present invention, the quantity of preferred main line 31 is 4, and the preferred amount of affixed branch line 32 is 3 on each main line.
Greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system in use; By nutrient solution or the water that liquid-supplying system provides, after the further filtration of filter, deliver to a plurality of branch lines 32 through the main line 31 of irrigation pipe network; Spray head on branch line 32 33 is delivered to nutrient solution or water the rice shoot district and is sprayed to the seedbed then; Can be equipped with the spun yarn net on the seedbed,, satisfy the needs of the growth of growing seedlings so that nutrient solution or water are delivered to rice shoot equably.
For a better understanding of the present invention, next the present invention is done further detailed description.
The irrigation form that greenhouse of the present invention spray irrigation system adopts is for hanging the spray that declines; Spray head is selected NAAN Spin Clear UD type antidrip mini sprinkler for use; (totally three a) branch line is installed in every layer of seedbed, and its arrangement pitch is 2m, is installed on the PVC main line through threeway; And, be fixed on the seedling raising bedstead through immobilization materials such as fixing anchor ears.Top, every seedbed is installed on and on the girt of hothouse framework (whenever striding totally 4) its arrangement pitch is installed is 2m, is installed on the PE branch line, and through vertical iron wire and immobilization material, is fixed in the seedling raising bedstead top.
Irrigation method of the present invention adopts wheel tube side formula, 4 seedbeds of once spraying, and its nutrient solution consumption or water consumption are at 15～16m
3/ H.Main line is selected ф 63 pipelines for use, and branch line is selected ф 20 pipelines for use.
In addition, consider to deposit nutrient solution or position, water source about 5 meters or in the greenhouse far from the greenhouse.(water supply line 36 is provided and is connected to water inlet position in the greenhouse outside the greenhouse by the owner, and wherein, the present invention is a running water level water quality to requirements in water quality)
Greenhouse light filling system
Shown in figure 10; Greenhouse of the present invention light filling system comprises portable seedling raising bedstead 40; Said portable seedling raising bedstead 40 comprises the bedstead unit that many groups connect through bedstead post 41, and wherein, every group of bedstead unit comprises upper strata bedstead, middle level bedstead and lower floor's bedstead.Upper strata bedstead and lower floor bedstead and bedstead post 1 are for being fixedly connected; The middle level bedstead is connected for packaged type with bedstead post 1.
When the present invention uses, rice seedling one leaf wholeheartedly after, the middle level rice shoot lacks under the situation of illumination, can be shown in figure 12, the middle level bedstead is moved to the central gangway carries out light filling, also be simultaneously the additional illumination of lower floor's rice shoot.
The present invention compares with traditional open country or the seedling of booth individual layer, adopts the layer stereo bed of growing seedlings, and effectively improves the availability in space and soil; And utilize portable middle level bedstead; The artificial control quantity of illumination avoids middle level and the illumination of bottom rice shoot not enough, guarantees the normal illumination demand of rice shoot; Make the rice shoot of industrial sprout cultivation neatly even, guarantee the quality of seedlings.
The middle level bedstead moves for ease, and bedstead bottom in middle level preferably is provided with guide rail and pulley, is used for the rice shoot of middle level bedstead is moved to the central gangway, guarantees that middle level and lower floor's rice shoot illumination are sufficient.
Shown in figure 16, as a kind of preferred version, guide rail 3 quantity of the present invention are two.
Shown in figure 16, as a kind of preferred version, pulley 2 quantity of the present invention are four (two pulleys in rear portion are not shown).
For easy accessibility, shown in Figure 14-16, bedstead of the present invention preferably is set to detachable steelwork component.
For the corrosion resistant and the antirust ability that improve steelwork component, steel construction of the present invention preferably passes through surface treatment, with humidity and temperature in the minimizing greenhouse adverse effect of steel construction is prolonged its service life.
As a kind of preferred version, steel construction of the present invention adopts galvanizing to handle.Certainly, process of surface treatment of the present invention is not limited to galvanizing and handles, and it can also adopt said known other process of surface treatment of those skilled in the art, like cold galvanizing, electrogalvanizing etc.
Shown in figure 11, as a kind of preferred version, three-high berth frame width is a 1.0-1.5 rice.In one embodiment of the invention, three-high berth frame width is 1.2 meters, and this width just in time is two length that are used for the plastics hard disk of seedling.
Shown in figure 13, as a kind of preferred version, upper strata bedstead height is a 0.4-0.8 rice, and middle level bedstead height is a 0.4-0.8 rice, and lower floor's bedstead height is a 0.6-1.0 rice.In one embodiment of the invention, upper strata bedstead height is 0.6 meter, and middle level bedstead height is 0.6 meter, and lower floor's bedstead height is 0.8 meter.
To sum up, the present invention utilizes movably middle level bedstead through a plurality of many groups bedstead unit that comprise upper strata bedstead, middle level bedstead and lower floor's bedstead, extracts the middle level bedstead out the dislocation light filling, guarantees that middle level and lower floor's rice shoot illumination are sufficient.The present invention can effectively improve the availability in space and soil, artificially controls the quantity of illumination, guarantees the normal illumination demand of rice shoot, makes the rice shoot of industrial sprout cultivation neatly even, guarantees the quality of seedlings.
Rice shoot transportation system
Like Figure 17, shown in 18; Rice shoot of the present invention transportation system comprises kind of a seedling disk frame;, this seedling disk frame comprises trestle 51 and is fixed on the rack-layer unit 52 on the trestle 51, wherein; Rack-layer unit 52 is provided with crossbeam 53, longeron 54 and rib 55, and crossbeam 53, longeron 54 and rib 55 are provided with position limiting structure; Said seedling disk frame comprises a plurality of rack-layers unit, and said rack-layer unit 52 is fixedly connected through said trestle 51.
When the present invention uses; At first; To there be the rice shoot dish of rice shoot to be loaded on the seedling disk frame successively with the suitable cultivation of the size of position limiting structure according to position limiting structure; The rice shoot dish that makes each rack-layer unit is compact arrangement successively, and is last, and the seedling disk frame that utilizes fork truck will load completion is placed on the transport vehicle and transports.
Seedling disk frame of the present invention is compared with traditional seedling disk frame, can utilize the seedling disk frame space more efficiently, and the single transports amount increases; Because the existence of position limiting structure can prevent effectively to damage rice shoot because of rice shoot dish in the transportation acutely moves, and then improve the survival rate of rice shoot, simultaneously, improves conevying efficiency, reduces cost of transportation.
As a kind of preferred version, like Figure 17, shown in 18, the size of the size of said position limiting structure and rice shoot dish is suitable.Preferably, the position limiting structure cross section that is provided with on said crossbeam 53, the longeron 54 is the L type, and the cross section of the position limiting structure that is provided with on the said rib 55 is inverted T shape.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that; The position limiting structure of seedling disk frame of the present invention is except adopting above-mentioned inverted T shape structure; Other that can also adopt that those skilled in the art expect are easily realized the mode of limit functions; Cross section like position limiting structure is parabolic type, triangle etc., repeats no more here.
As a kind of preferred version, shown in figure 17, seedling disk frame of the present invention bottom is provided with wheel 56.
Compare with seedling disk frame in the past; In the process of loading the rice shoot dish; Need not earlier seedling disk frame to be placed on the transport vehicle, again with the utilization of rice shoot dish carry on the shoulder, the people lifts etc., and mode is placed on the seedling disk frame on the transport vehicle, and as long as the rice shoot dish is placed on the seedling disk frame that has wheel; Be pushed into the transport vehicle limit with loading the seedling disk frame of accomplishing, utilize fork truck that it is placed on the transport vehicle and get final product.
Use seedling disk frame of the present invention can reduce manpower operation and round number of times, reduce labour intensity, improve conevying efficiency, reduce cost of transportation.
As a kind of preferred version, like Figure 17, shown in 19, seedling disk frame of the present invention, its trestle is provided with the liftable structure.Wherein, Be provided with the liftable structure in the part of trestle between adjacent two rack-layer unit; Wherein the liftable structure comprises detachable top and detachable bottom; Detachable top is provided with the aperture 58 suitable with bolt with detachable bottom, and said detachable top is fixedly connected with said bolt 57 through aperture 58 with detachable bottom.
When the present invention uses, can be according to the position of the height adjustment bolt of rice shoot.When the height of rice shoot is higher than the rack-layer unit; The bolt of outwarding winding; And, utilize bolt 57 to fix with upwards lifting to the position of its aperture and liftable structure the hole by the top of the detachable bottom that is fixedly connected with lower floor rack-layer unit when corresponding with detachable top that rack-layer unit, upper strata is fixedly connected in the liftable structure; When the height of rice shoot hangs down; The bolt of outwarding winding; And when corresponding, utilize bolt 57 to fix the hole by the below of the detachable bottom that is fixedly connected with lower floor rack-layer unit in the position that is moved downward to its aperture with detachable top that rack-layer unit, upper strata is fixedly connected in the liftable structure and the liftable structure.
Seedling disk frame of the present invention is compared with seedling disk frame in the past; Can not only avoid having improved the survival rate of rice shoot according to the height of the height adjustment rack-layer unit of rice shoot because the too high rice shoot that causes of rice shoot is impaired; Further guaranteed the quality of rice shoot; Reduced cost of transportation, prevented again, and caused the seedling disk frame space waste and increase transport pressure because of the rice shoot height is lower.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that; The liftable structure of seedling disk frame of the present invention is except adopting aforesaid way; Other that can also adopt that those skilled in the art expect are easily realized the mode of liftable function, like dismountable sleeve pipe etc., repeat no more here.
As a kind of preferred version, seedling disk frame of the present invention, its trestle 51 is provided with the liftable structure, and the bottom of seedling disk frame is provided with wheel 56.
As a kind of preferred version, like Figure 17, shown in 19, seedling disk frame of the present invention, its trestle 51 is provided with the liftable structure, and the bottom of seedling disk frame is provided with wheel 56.Wherein, Be provided with detachable top and detachable bottom in the part of trestle 51 between adjacent two rack-layer unit; Wherein, Detachable top and detachable bottom are provided with the aperture 58 suitable with bolt 57, and detachable top is fixedly connected with said bolt 57 through said aperture 58 with detachable bottom.
As a kind of preferred version; Seedling disk frame of the present invention is handled through moisturizing before transportation and is coated with the sunshade film, can transport at a distance, and the seedling service radius can reach 200 kilometers; Effectively prevented rice shoot lack of water inactivation, concentrating the scale seedling to provide for batch production maybe.
To sum up; Seedling disk frame provided by the invention; Its rack-layer unit 52 is provided with crossbeam 53, longeron 54 and rib 55; Crossbeam 53, longeron 54 and rib 55 are provided with position limiting structure, and the size of the size of wherein said position limiting structure and rice shoot dish is suitable, in transportation, can prevent to damage rice shoot because of violent the moving of rice shoot dish; Can be according to the size of rice shoot, the height of adjustment rack-layer unit has prevented to cause the top of rice shoot impaired because of rice shoot is too high; The bottom of seedling disk frame is provided with wheel 56, and the seedling disk frame that wheel capable of using will be mounted with the rice shoot dish is pushed into the transport vehicle limit, utilizes the fork truck loader transporter vehicle again, and then directly is transported to the limit, field; The minimizing manpower is carried on the shoulder, the people lifts etc., and seedling disk frame whole volume provided by the invention is big; Can hold 300 dish rice shoot dishes at least, once transport in large supplyly, it is few to come and go number of times; Greatly reduce labour intensity, improved conevying efficiency, reduced cost of transportation; Seedling disk frame can carry out moisturizing and handle and cover the sunshade film before transportation, be fit to remote transportation, and the seedling service radius can reach 200 kilometers, has effectively prevented rice shoot lack of water inactivation, and concentrating the scale seedling to provide for batch production maybe.
Seedling cultivation greenhouse of the present invention can also comprise seed treatment system in early stage; Seed treatment system in early stage comprises takes off awns machine, germinating box and dewaterer; Seed of the present invention treatment system in early stage is specific as follows to the grow seedlings process handled early stage of seed rice: the full seed rice of selected high-quality; Use is earlier taken off the awns machine and is taken off ail, carries out the chemicals treatment seed soaking again, uses germinating box to germinate.Treat to use dewaterer to carry out dehydration processing according to moisture behind the broken chest of seed, moisture just is reduced to the group's of pinching degree delivers to the sowing streamline again, help improving the uniformity coefficient of sowing.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention; If do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a seedling cultivation greenhouse is characterized in that, comprises the management system of nursing young plants in hothouses, greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system, and greenhouse spray irrigation system, greenhouse light filling system and rice shoot transportation system,
The said management system of nursing young plants in hothouses comprises sowing administrative unit, temperature treatment unit, moisturizing administrative unit and pest management unit; Said sowing administrative unit comprises the portable seedling raising bedstead with multi-stage bedstead; Interval interval sowing on from top to bottom each of said seedling raising bedstead layer bedstead; Said temperature treatment unit comprises temperature sensor, intensity of illumination sensor, roof window, solar protection devices and film rolling device, and said roof window and said sunshade net are arranged on the top in greenhouse, and said film rolling device is installed on the top and apron in greenhouse; And be connected with overlay film on the apron with the top; Said temperature sensor is electrically connected with said roof window and film rolling device through the temperature sensor control circuit, and said intensity of illumination sensor is electrically connected with said solar protection devices through the intensity of illumination sensor control circuit, perhaps; Said temperature sensor and said intensity of illumination sensor are connected with temperature alarming device, intensity of illumination warning device respectively; Said moisturizing administrative unit comprises soil humidity sensor and spray irrigation rig, the corresponding setting of said spray irrigation rig with said seedling raising bedstead, and the rice shoot on the said seedling raising bedstead carried out in good time moisturizing; Said soil humidity sensor is electrically connected with said spray irrigation rig through the soil humidity sensor control circuit; Perhaps said soil humidity sensor is connected with the soil moisture warning device, and said pest management unit comprises fly net, and said fly net is arranged on the apron in greenhouse;
Said greenhouse rainwater cyclic utilization system comprises plurality of fixed column on the ground; Be provided with crown between every adjacent said column; Be provided with the gutter that is positioned at said column top between every adjacent said crown, said gutter end is provided with downpipe, and said downpipe extend into the tank that is arranged on the greenhouse periphery; Be provided with clarifier in the said tank, said tank connection is arranged on ground cistern;
Said greenhouse spray irrigation system comprises liquid-supplying system, be used for rice shoot on said seedling raising bedstead provides the irrigation pipe network of nutrient solution or water, be arranged on the acquisition terminal in rice shoot district and the control centre that is connected with said acquisition terminal; Said control centre is connected with said liquid-supplying system and is used to make said liquid-supplying system to be communicated with said irrigation pipe network; Wherein, Said control centre receives the signal of acquisition terminal; Judge the demand status of rice shoot according to said signal, and the nutrient solution or the water of irrigating usefulness is provided to rice shoot according to this demand status control liquid-supplying system to nutrient solution or water;
Said greenhouse light filling system comprises portable seedling raising bedstead; Said portable seedling raising bedstead comprises the bedstead unit that many groups connect through the bedstead post; Wherein, Every group of bedstead unit comprises upper strata bedstead, middle level bedstead and lower floor's bedstead, and said upper strata bedstead and said lower floor bedstead and said bedstead post are for being fixedly connected, and said middle level bedstead is that packaged type is connected with said bedstead post;
Said greenhouse rice shoot transportation system comprises seedling disk frame; Said seedling disk frame comprises trestle and is fixed on the rack-layer unit on the said trestle; Wherein, said rack-layer unit is provided with crossbeam, longeron and rib, and said crossbeam, longeron and rib are provided with position limiting structure; Said seedling disk frame comprises a plurality of rack-layers unit, and said rack-layer unit is fixedly connected through said trestle.
2. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said sunshade net is connected with the electric gear transmission device, and said intensity of illumination sensor is electrically connected with said electric gear transmission device through the intensity of illumination sensor control circuit, controls the electric opening of said sunshade net and closes.
3. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said temperature sensor connects said temperature alarming device, said intensity of illumination sensor connects said intensity of illumination warning device and is connected said soil moisture warning device with said soil humidity sensor, and said roof window, film rolling device and spray irrigation rig are provided with the manual controller.
4. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said crown is semicircle, and said gutter is down trapezoidal and two ends are respectively arranged with downpipe, and the drowning gradient of said gutter is 1-10 ‰.
5. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the material of said column is steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; The material of said crown is steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; The material of said gutter is steel, plastics, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy.
6. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said irrigation pipe network comprise at least one main line and with said main line through the affixed a plurality of branch lines of threeway, wherein,
Said branch line is provided with at least one spray head, and the position of said spray head is towards the rice shoot of needs spray; Said main line is fixed on the said seedling raising bedstead through fixture.
7. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said acquisition terminal is the moisture transducer of rice shoot, nutrient sensor, air damp-warm syndrome sensor or the CO of rice shoot
2In the concentration sensor one or more.
8. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said liquid-supplying system comprises water pump and the container that is connected with the water pump fluid, and the outlet of said water pump is connected with filter and magnetic valve in turn, wherein,
Said magnetic valve is electrically connected with said control centre.
9. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that, bedstead bottom in said middle level is provided with guide rail and pulley, and said seedling raising bedstead is detachable steelwork component, said steel construction employing galvanizing processing.
10. seedling cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the position limiting structure cross section that is provided with on the said rib is inverted T shape, and the position limiting structure cross section that is provided with on said crossbeam, the longeron is the L type, wherein,
Distance between said rib is suitable with the size of rice shoot dish;
Said trestle is the liftable structure; Said liftable structure comprises detachable top and detachable bottom; Said detachable top is provided with the aperture adaptive with bolt with detachable bottom, and said detachable top is connected with said bolt through said aperture with detachable bottom.
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| CN2011102716332A CN102630524A (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2011-09-14 | Seeding greenhouse |
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| CN2011102716332A CN102630524A (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2011-09-14 | Seeding greenhouse |
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| CN102630524A true CN102630524A (en) | 2012-08-15 |
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| CN103461030A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-25 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Simple multifunctional intelligent vegetable greenhouse |
| CN104082072A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-08 | 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 | Mushroom greenhouse capable of automatically controlling temperature |
| CN104396627A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州科大微龙信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent perturbing flow rice seedling breeding device |
| CN104798630A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-29 | 葛昌富 | Spraying device for rice seedling of gutter-connected greenhouse |
| CN105594516A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-05-25 | 杨志恒 | Flower-plant growing greenhouse rainwater collection and reutilization device |
| CN106258911A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 普洱鑫丰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of coffee seedling breeding apparatus |
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| CN106404050A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏乐宇电子科技有限公司 | IoT (Internet of Things) paddy rice growth monitor |
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| CN106538303A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-29 | 马艳敏 | A kind of automatic watering function, sprinkling nutritional solution the warmhouse booth with storage function |
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