CN102617961B - Plant cultivation medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant cultivation medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102617961B CN102617961B CN201110032335.8A CN201110032335A CN102617961B CN 102617961 B CN102617961 B CN 102617961B CN 201110032335 A CN201110032335 A CN 201110032335A CN 102617961 B CN102617961 B CN 102617961B
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- plant growing
- growing medium
- cultivation medium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant cultivation medium and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out first foaming by adding polyvinyl alcohol to aldehyde and a pore forming agent to form a semi-finished cultivation medium, crushing the semi-finished cultivation medium into particles, and carrying out second foaming by mixing the particles with polyvinyl alcohol, the aldehyde and the pore forming agent to obtain the plant cultivation medium with biodegradability and hydrophilicity. The crosslinking structure of the plant cultivation medium has several pores with the pore diameter of 30-50mum, the pore rate of the plant cultivation medium is 75-95%, and the water content of the plant cultivation medium is 4-9 times its own dry mass. The plant cultivation medium can maintain sufficient water, nutrients and air permeability for a long time to support the complete development of plant roots and reinforce the plant growth.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to plant growing medium and prepare this plant growing medium, specifically relates to a kind ofly can keep for a long time adequate water, nutrient and Gas permeability, and can biodegradable plant growing medium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The growth phase of plant generally can be divided into: seedlings root development, growth phase, flower bud differentiation period, flowering period, fruiting period etc., wherein, the critical stage whether root system development when Seeding planting or plant are transplanted and plant-growth stage can plant out superior in quality plant after the determination date especially, therefore how to coordinate the plant-growth stage, emphasis function developing direction demand gives suitable nutrient and seems important, and for sufficient nutrient and moisture being provided and can supporting that plant root system development is complete, selecting applicable cultivation medium just to become affects one of important factor of plant development.
It is example that one of the Taiwan export trade flowers of take are wanted angle-orchid (orchids), its requirement for cultivation medium is mainly air permeability, full water-based is good, nutrient easily adheres to, pH value (potential of hydrogen), EC value (soluble salt concentration) are stablized etc., the most important thing is that cultivation medium must clean and without disease and pest.At present, plantation person as Main Cultivation medium, also has and cultivates with Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L) mainly with letterwood, sphagna, yet, above-mentioned cultivation medium is all to be formed after natural phant processing, therefore easily attach bacterium or the disease and pest that is harmful to orchid growth, must after sterilization and sterilizing program, can plant use, in addition, letterwood piece or letterwood bits are because the space between tissue exists nutrient to be difficult for adhering to greatly, increase the problem of fertilising difficulty, sphagna is because water-absorbent is too good, cause on the contrary ventilation property not enough, easily because of for a long time too humidity cause rotten of orchid, though can make root system development good as for Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L), but it is not perishable and do not meet the requirement of environmental protection, in addition, when Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L) acidity, cross when strong and need to adjust, simultaneously during its organic matter decomposition, can to nitrogen matter, produce competing effect with plant, should be noted that supplementing of nitrogen matter fertilizer, above-mentioned all degree of difficulty that all increases Orchis planting.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of plant growing medium and manufacture method thereof, the plant growing medium making by the inventive method can keep adequate water, nutrient and Gas permeability for a long time, and can biological degradation.
The present invention for the technical scheme that solves its technical problem and adopt is:
A plant growing medium, described plant growing medium is by polyvinyl alcohol and aldehydes and pore-forming material, to be produced the hydrophilic foam of tool of crosslinking structure gained, it is the hole of 30 microns～5 millimeters that described crosslinking structure has some apertures.
The percentage of open area of described plant growing medium is 75～95%.
A manufacture method for plant growing medium, carry out in the steps below:
(a) aldehydes and pore-forming material are added to polyvinyl alcohol, obtain a mixing material;
(b) mixing material of step (a) gained is foamed for the first time in the sour environment of pH≤4, obtain cultivation medium work in-process with crosslinking structure;
(c) the cultivation medium work in-process of step (b) gained are ground into the particle that particle diameter is 0.5mm～1cm;
(d) particle of step (c) gained is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and aldehydes, obtain a foam material;
(e) foam material of step (d) gained is foamed for the second time in the sour environment of pH≤4, must there is the plant growing medium finished product of crosslinking structure.
The crosslinking structure producing in step (b) and step (e) is formed through aldolization by aldehydes and polyvinyl alcohol.
The half-finished consumption of described cultivation medium accounts for 20～80% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
When described plant growing medium is as when cultivating the medium of orchid, the half-finished consumption of described cultivation medium accounts for 50～80% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
Described aldehydes be selected from formaldehyde and acetaldehyde one of at least.
The sour environment of described pH≤4 by be selected from hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid one of at least formed acidic aqueous solution form, and described acidic aqueous solution accounts for 3～10% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
The consumption of described polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 5～12% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
Described pore-forming material is starch.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adds aldehydes and pore-forming material formed cultivation medium work in-process after foaming to be for the first time ground into particle polyvinyl alcohol, again by this particle and polyvinyl alcohol, aldehydes, pore-forming material mixes and foams for the second time, thereby obtain tool Biodegradable and hydrophilic plant growing medium, it is the hole of 30 microns～5 millimeters that the crosslinking structure of this plant growing medium has some apertures, the percentage of open area of plant growing medium is 75～95%, and the moisture multiple with 4～9 times of himself dry mass, this plant growing medium can keep adequate water for a long time, nutrient and Gas permeability, to support that plant root system development is complete, reach the object of fortification of plants GF.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is plant growing medium manufacturing flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of plant growing medium of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment: a kind of plant growing medium, described plant growing medium is by polyvinyl alcohol and aldehydes and pore-forming material, to be produced tool wetting ability and the biodegradable foam of crosslinking structure gained, and it is the hole of 30 microns～5 millimeters that described crosslinking structure has some apertures.The percentage of open area of described plant growing medium is 75～95%, and described plant growing medium has the moisture multiple of 4～9 times of himself dry mass.
The manufacture method of described plant growing medium is as follows:
(a) aldehydes and pore-forming material are added to polyvinyl alcohol, obtain a mixing material; Wherein said aldehydes is formaldehyde, and described pore-forming material is starch;
(b) mixing material of step (a) gained is foamed for the first time in the sour environment of pH≤4, obtain cultivation medium work in-process with crosslinking structure; Wherein, crosslinking structure is formed through aldolization foaming by formaldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol, and by starch pore-creating, makes the half-finished crosslinking structure of described cultivation medium be formed with larger foaming aperture; Separately, the foamed time of this step (b) is 4～12 hours, and blowing temperature is 40～70 ℃;
(c) the cultivation medium work in-process of step (b) gained are ground into the particle that particle diameter is 0.5mm～1cm;
(d) particle of step (c) gained is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and aldehydes, obtain a foam material; This step (d) is the required pore-forming material that adds of visual practical situation also, to increase the foaming aperture of foaming for the second time;
(e) foam material of step (d) gained is foamed for the second time in the sour environment of pH≤4, must there is the plant growing medium finished product of crosslinking structure; The foamed time for the second time of this step (e) is 4～12 hours, and blowing temperature is 40～70 ℃, make this plant growing medium finished product be formed with the foaming aperture of 50 μ m～1mm, and percentage of open area is 75～95%; And the consumption of this particle in step (d) accounts for 20～80% of this plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume, and its consumption determines according to plant variety, take orchid as example, and its preferred proportion is 50～80%.
Wherein, the sour environment of described pH≤4 by be selected from hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid one of at least formed acidic aqueous solution form, and described acidic aqueous solution accounts for 3～10% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.The consumption of described polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 5～12% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
According to step (a) to step (b), in foaming for the first time: foamed time 4～12 hours, 40～70 ℃ of blowing temperatures, pore-forming material is starch, aldehydes is under the conditions such as formaldehyde, and each embodiment be take component that cultivation medium work in-process cumulative volume 1000ml is unit as following table 1:
Table 1:
According to step (c) to step (e), in foaming for the second time: it is under the conditions such as starch, aldehydes are formaldehyde that the cultivation medium work in-process that are foamed into are for the first time ground into 40～70 ℃ of particle, foamed time 4～12 hours, blowing temperatures, the pore-forming material that particle diameter is 0.5mm～1cm, each embodiment be take plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume as the 1000ml component that is unit is as following table 2:
Table 2:
The plant growing medium making according to said components and method, its sectional structure as shown in Figure 2, this plant growing medium 10 has highdensity aperture hole 11 in the crosslinking structure 101 of foaming for the first time, after foaming for the second time, crosslinking structure and this cultivation medium work in-process particle 102 of new moulding have aperture hole 11, between the crosslinking structure 101 of this new moulding and the cultivation medium work in-process particle 102 that adds, form mesopore hole 12, originally be coated with pore-forming material part, after removing pore-forming material, form macropore hole 13.Therefore, this plant growing medium is formed with the hole of 30 μ m～5mm; And through foaming for the second time, make the percentage of open area of plant growing medium reach 75～95% of its cumulative volume, and there is the moisture multiple of 4～9 times of himself dry mass; In addition, due to the wetting ability of this plant growing medium, moisture is filled while being attached to the hole of this plant growing medium, there is good water conservation humidity-holding effect, make moisture be difficult for evaporation.
It is worth mentioning that, when the half-finished consumption of cultivation medium that forms of foaming for the first time account for plant growing medium finished product 30～50% time, be applicable to the plantation of orchid.
The crosslinking structure that the present invention uses polyvinyl alcohol foam to produce, formed highdensity large fine porosity after foaming for the second time, make plant growing medium there is good water conservation effect, and be able to be attached to by control the water yield of this plant growing medium, reach balance moisturizing degree and ventilation property, make the root system of orchid or other plant be able under the high environment of Gas permeability, still can absorb sufficient moisture, nutrient, this plant growing medium is because its moisturizing degree is good simultaneously, water molecules was evaporated through long-time being difficult for, also can reduce the problem of grower's irrigation times and reduction fertilising degree of difficulty, reach and support that orchid root system development is complete, the object of fortification of plants GF.
This embodiment and accompanying drawing are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, when can not with restriction scope of the invention process, the equalization of generally doing according to the claims in the present invention scope changes and modifies, and all should remain within the scope of the patent.
Claims (8)
1. a manufacture method for plant growing medium, is characterized in that, carries out in the steps below:
(a) aldehydes and pore-forming material are added to polyvinyl alcohol, obtain a mixing material;
(b) mixing material of step (a) gained is foamed for the first time in the sour environment of pH value≤4, obtain cultivation medium work in-process with crosslinking structure;
(c) the cultivation medium work in-process of step (b) gained are ground into the particle that particle diameter is 0.5mm～1cm;
(d) particle of step (c) gained is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and aldehydes, obtain a foam material;
(e) foam material of step (d) gained is foamed for the second time in the sour environment of pH value≤4, must there is the plant growing medium finished product of crosslinking structure.
2. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the crosslinking structure producing in step (b) and step (e) is formed through aldolization by aldehydes and polyvinyl alcohol.
3. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the half-finished consumption of described cultivation medium accounts for 20～80% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
4. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, when described plant growing medium is as when cultivating the medium of orchid, the half-finished consumption of described cultivation medium accounts for 50～80% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
5. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aldehydes be selected from formaldehyde and acetaldehyde one of at least.
6. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the sour environment of described pH value≤4 by be selected from hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid one of at least formed acidic aqueous solution form, and described acidic aqueous solution accounts for 3～10% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
7. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the consumption of described polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 5～12% of described plant growing medium finished product cumulative volume.
8. the manufacture method of a kind of plant growing medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pore-forming material is starch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110032335.8A CN102617961B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Plant cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110032335.8A CN102617961B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Plant cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102617961A CN102617961A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| CN102617961B true CN102617961B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN201110032335.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102617961B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Plant cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105611825B (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2019-07-12 | 株式会社可乐丽 | Plant culture culture medium and the plant cultivating device and plant cultivation method for using it |
| CN103907486A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-07-09 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Repotting-free organic planting container and manufacture method thereof |
| US11051460B2 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2021-07-06 | Jiffy International As | Durable fiber plant growth containers and related materials and methods |
| CN107285851A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-24 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of matrix of ornamental plant introducing and planting and its preparation |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2092858U (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1992-01-15 | 任世南 | Device for realizing stereo planting instead of soil |
| RU2001563C1 (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-10-30 | Институт медико-биологических проблем | Substrate for growing of plants |
| CN1095075A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1994-11-16 | 上海华一经济科技实业公司 | High water absorbency plastic foam and preparation method |
| CN1246814A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-03-08 | 钟纺株式会社 | Sponge sheet |
| JP2004155886A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-06-03 | Aion Kk | Polyvinyl acetal-based porous body |
| CN101649066A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2010-02-17 | 黄建辉 | Preparation method of sponge formed by embedding of porous network material and polyvinyl alcohol porous foamed sponge |
-
2011
- 2011-01-30 CN CN201110032335.8A patent/CN102617961B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2092858U (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1992-01-15 | 任世南 | Device for realizing stereo planting instead of soil |
| RU2001563C1 (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-10-30 | Институт медико-биологических проблем | Substrate for growing of plants |
| CN1095075A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1994-11-16 | 上海华一经济科技实业公司 | High water absorbency plastic foam and preparation method |
| CN1246814A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-03-08 | 钟纺株式会社 | Sponge sheet |
| JP2004155886A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-06-03 | Aion Kk | Polyvinyl acetal-based porous body |
| CN101649066A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2010-02-17 | 黄建辉 | Preparation method of sponge formed by embedding of porous network material and polyvinyl alcohol porous foamed sponge |
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