CN1026060C - 骨内单颗牙植入体及用于该植入体的固定器 - Google Patents

骨内单颗牙植入体及用于该植入体的固定器 Download PDF

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CN1026060C
CN1026060C CN90102736A CN90102736A CN1026060C CN 1026060 C CN1026060 C CN 1026060C CN 90102736 A CN90102736 A CN 90102736A CN 90102736 A CN90102736 A CN 90102736A CN 1026060 C CN1026060 C CN 1026060C
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setting tool
pedestal
metal sleeve
single tooth
tooth implant
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沃尔特·都尔
阿克塞尔·基尔施
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Aiboerle Medical Technology Co Ltd
Eberle Medizintechnische Elemente GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0066—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with positioning means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0068—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with an additional screw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0089—Implanting tools or instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0054—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers having a cylindrical implant connecting part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0063—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with an internal sleeve
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection

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  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
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  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
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Abstract

一种骨内单牙植入体具有一金属植入杆，借助一金属套筒拧到用于可卸式固定假牙的基架上，该金属套筒发挥定心圆环的作用，它可拧到基架顶端并用凸肩固定于基架上缘，在该金属套筒内拧入植入杆，其特征是该金属套筒包括下部(12)和螺帽型环状上部(14)，下部可通过外螺纹(17)拧到基架(10)上，上部借助凸肩(15)支撑于基架上缘，该金属套筒设有内螺纹(18)，其螺距比下部(12)的外螺纹(17)小。上部和下部的上端设有固定工具的连接装置(22，24)，借以固定下部以防止拧入基架后扭转及上部相对下部扭转，同时将凸肩压在基架上缘。

Description

本发明涉及一种带有连接头部和连接装置的骨内单颗牙植入体。该植入体具有一金属植入杆，借助于一金属套筒，它能拧到一个用于固定假牙并可使假牙拆卸下来的基架上。上述金属套筒发挥定心圆环的作用，它可以拧到基架的顶端，并可通过凸肩固定于基架的上部边缘，在该金属套筒内可拧入植入杆，本发明还涉及用于单颗牙植入体的固定工具。
上述所述的那种类型有骨内植入体，如在EP-OS-O216031号专利中所描述的那样，在实践中证明是令人满意的。但是，当其用作单颗牙植入体时，所遇到的困难是：不能将假牙可靠地固定，从而防止其相对基架转动或扭转，除非植入体的每一部分和假牙都结合在一起。这样会出现一些问题，例如，在以后假牙或植入杆可能发生断裂而须更换时。
本发明的目的在于，提供一种上述类型的骨内单颗牙植入体，它可将假牙简单、可靠地固定，如有必要可将假牙拆卸下来，并防止假牙相对基架扭转。
按照本发明的带有可卸式固定的假牙的骨内单颗牙植入体，具 有一个连接头和一金属植入杆用做固定装置，通过螺纹连接间接地与基架相连，所述植入杆可旋入金属套筒，当金属套筒又旋入基架的开口顶端，以一凸肩作用于基架的上部边缘时，金属套筒发挥定心圆环的作用，其特征在于：所述金属套筒的下部设有外侧的嵌入螺纹以便能旋入基架，环状螺帽型的金属套筒上部设有凸肩以便支承在基架的上部边缘，所述套筒上部借助螺距小于嵌入螺纹螺距的固定内螺纹旋在相应外螺纹上，该外螺纹设置在临近于和从基架上凸出的套筒下部的上部边缘上，而且在套筒下部的上端面和金属套筒上部分别设有固定工具的结合装置，从而可将金属套筒下部固定，防止其在旋入基架后扭转，以及金属套筒上部相对金属套筒下部扭转，同时还可将凸肩压在基架的上部边缘。
固定工具的结合装置位于金属套筒下的端面上，它具有一块径向设置的连接板。
按照本发明的另一个实施例，固定工具的结合装置位于金属套筒上部的端面上，且至少有两个径向相对的边缘结合槽。
按照本发明的又一实施例，金属套筒下部的内孔用于固定植入杆，此内孔有一定心螺纹，它用于连接一个紧贴其上部边缘的固定工具。
本发明还提供了一种用于单颗牙植入体的固定工具，它具有一底部扳头和一顶部扳头，在金属套筒下部端面上，固定工具的结合装置与底部扳头相啮合，相对于底部扳头可以转动的顶部扳头与金属 套筒上部端面设置的一个固定工具的结合装置相嵌合。
根据本发明，可以设有一定心螺杆，以同轴的方式穿过底部扳头和顶部板头，拧入套筒下部的定心螺纹上。
就所需类型的固定工具而言，本发明可以有选择地提出，此定心螺杆可借助于滚花的头部来操纵。
最后，就本发明所涉及的固定工具而言，底部扳头和顶部扳头装备有固定杠杆，这些固定杠杆垂直于扳头的相对旋转轴线。
本发明基于意外的发现，对于单颗牙植入体能实现固定或防止其转动，金属套筒，即所谓的插入物，最好是由钛制成的，它由两部分构成。螺帽型的套筒上部的凸肩与基架的上部相互接触，它可借助于非常浅的坡度的固定螺纹相对于金属套筒下部转动，该金属套筒上部也可有这样的结构，即能相对于金属套筒下部拧动。当上述两个部分组成的套筒拧入基架中时，金属套筒上部相对于金属套筒下部便会作相对的转动，例如，转动30°角。所以，环状螺帽型金属套筒上部的凸肩借助相当大的力压到基架的上部边缘，并以同样的方式固定到金属套筒下部，最后导致可靠地将单颗牙植入体固定好。
下面结合附图和实施例进一步详述本发明：
图1：为本发明单颗牙植入体的第一个实施例的中央的纵轴剖面图。
图2：沿假牙被固定的方向上观察的图1中的单颗牙植入体的 垫片套筒和植入杆的平面图。
图3：为沿图2Ⅲ-Ⅲ线的剖面图。
图4：本发明单颗牙植入体另一个实施例的中央的纵轴剖面图。
图5：为图4所示的用于单颗牙植入体的固定器中央纵轴的剖面图。
如图1所示，单颗牙植入体具有一已知类型的基架10，例如具有羟基磷灰石包裹的钛，套筒下部12拧入基架内，套筒上部14拧在基架上端。套筒上部14通过肩15与基架10的上部边缘相啮合，一根植入杆16插入到套筒下部12的一个内孔中，套筒下部12借助内嵌的螺纹17拧在基架10上，此螺纹17的螺距大于较浅的固定螺纹18的螺距，而固定螺纹18设置于套筒下部12和上部14之间，用于假牙的一根固定针20刚性连接到植入体16上。
从图1还可以看到，在套筒下部12的上端面有一个径向设置的连接板22，用于结合固定工具，将在下文描述;同时，面向固定针20的套筒上部14的端面具有也为此目的设置的结合槽24。在连接方面，图2表示了四个互成90°角的结合槽24共同形成的固定工具的结合装置。图3进一步表示上述讨论的问题。
图4所述的实施例与图1至图3的不同点在于，在套筒下部12内孔的上部区域有一定心螺纹26，它的作用将在下文描述。
图5表示了在上述所述的实施例中的本发明的固定工具，它具有滚花的头部28，将其连接到定心螺杆30上，当使用固定工具时， 将此定心螺杆30拧入套筒下部12内孔的定心螺纹26中。底部扳头32与套筒下部12的连接板22互相嵌合，同时，顶部扳头34与套筒上部14的结合槽24相啮合。
在本发明中或对单颗牙植入固定时，可采用下述步骤。首先，将由钛制成的套筒下部12和上部14拧在一起的插入物以常规方式拧入基架10上。直到肩15与基架10的上部边缘相接触时，固定植入物或使其具有抗旋转作用按下述方式进行。通过定心螺杆30，将固定工具拧到定心螺纹26上，直到底部扳头32与连接板22相咬合，顶部扳头34与结合槽24相咬合。借助于最好排列成与两扳头的旋转轴垂直的一些小杠杆，可将套筒下部12固定而防止其转动，但套筒上部14可相对于下部20转动30°或半圈。这样，用不同的螺纹，相对于套筒下部12可将套筒上部14固定，上部14的凸肩15与基架10相啮合。
作为连接板的在套筒下部12上的固定工具的结合装置，还具有以下优点，如果植入杆16被插入，例如在上面所述的固定步骤后拧入套筒，可在固定工具的连接板22的下面啮合。按这种方式，甚至在植入杆16断裂后也可以从基架10上拆下套筒。这样，可以对单颗牙植入体进行修复，而不用从颚骨上拆掉基架10。
说明书、附图及权利要求中所阐述的本发明的特征是本发明各种单个或组合方式形成的实施例的核心。

Claims (11)

1、带有可卸式固定的假牙的骨内单颗牙植入体，具有一个连接头部和一金属植入杆用做固定装置，通过螺纹连接间接地与基架相连，所述植入杆可旋入金属套筒，当金属套筒又旋入基架的开口顶端，以一凸肩作用于基架的上部边缘时，金属套筒发挥定心圆环的作用，其特征在于：所述金属套筒的下部(12)设有外螺纹(17)以便能旋入基架(10)，环状螺帽型的金属套筒上部(14)设有凸肩(15)以便支承在基架(10)的上部边缘，所述套筒上部(14)借助螺距小于外螺纹(17)螺距的固定内螺纹(18)旋在相应外螺纹上，该外螺纹设置在临近于和从基架(10)上凸出的套筒下部(12)的上部边缘上，而且在套筒下部(12)的上端面和金属套筒上部(14)分别设有固定工具的结合装置(22，24)，从而可将金属套筒下部(12)固定，防止其在旋入基架(10)后扭转，以及金属套筒上部(14)相对金属套筒下部(12)扭转，同时还可将凸肩(15)压在基架(10)的上部边缘。
2、根据权利要求1所述的单颗牙植入体，其特征在于，套筒下部（12）端面的固定工具结合装置有一块径向设置的连接板（22）。
3、根据权利要求1所述的单颗牙植入体，其特征在于，固定工具的结合装置位于套筒上部（14）端面上，它至少有两个径向相对的边缘连接槽（24）。
4、根据权利要求1，2或3所述的单颗牙植入体，其特征在于，用于固定植入杆（16）的套筒下部（12）的上部边缘，上部边缘设有一定心螺纹（26），用于连接固定工具。
5、根据权利要求1所述的单颗牙植入体的固定工具，它具有一底部板头（32）和顶部板头（34），在套筒下部（12）端面上的固定工具的结合装置（22）与底部板头（32）相嵌合，相对于底部板头（32）可以转动的顶部扳头（34）在套筒上部（14）端面处与固定工具的结合装置（24）相接合。
6、根据权利要求5所述的单颗牙植入体的固定工具，其特征在于：它可与构成在套筒下部（12）的端面上的牙植入体固定工具的结合装置的一条径向设置的连接板（22）相接合。
7、根据权利要求5所述的单颗牙植入体的固定工具，其特征在于：它可与构成在套筒上部（14）的端面上的牙植入体固定工具的结合装置的至少两条完全相对的结合槽（24）相接合。
8、根据权利要求5所述的单颗牙植入体的固定工具，其特征在于：它可与套筒下部（12）内孔靠近上缘处的定心螺纹相接合，以便接受植入杆（16）。
9、根据权利要求8所述的单颗牙植入体的固定工具，其特征是，它具有一定心螺杆（30）以同轴的方式穿过底部扳头（32）和顶部扳头（34），拧入套筒下部（12）的定心螺纹（26）上。
10、根据权利要求9所述的固定工具，其特征在于，定心螺杆（30）可以通过滚花的头部（28）来操纵。
11、根据权利要求5-10中任何一项所述的固定工具，其特征在于，底部扳头（32）和顶部扳头（34）装备有固定杠杆，这些固定杆垂直于扳头的相对转动轴线。
CN90102736A 1989-05-31 1990-05-10 骨内单颗牙植入体及用于该植入体的固定器 Expired - Fee Related CN1026060C (zh)

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DE3917690A DE3917690A1 (de) 1989-05-31 1989-05-31 Enossales einzelzahnimplantat sowie konterwerkzeug zur verwendung bei einem derartigen implantat
DEP3917690.8 1989-05-31

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CN1026060C true CN1026060C (zh) 1994-10-05

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DE3917690C2 (zh) 1991-06-13
CA2010383C (en) 1997-08-05
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IL92564A0 (en) 1990-08-31
DE3917690A1 (de) 1990-12-13
HK142993A (en) 1994-01-07
CN1047617A (zh) 1990-12-12
KR900017551A (ko) 1990-12-19
EP0400224A3 (de) 1991-01-16
AU5077790A (en) 1990-12-06
ATE94364T1 (de) 1993-10-15
RU2088171C1 (ru) 1997-08-27
ZA904146B (en) 1991-03-27
EP0400224B1 (de) 1993-09-15
HU901359D0 (en) 1990-05-28
DD294860A5 (de) 1991-10-17
JPH062136B2 (ja) 1994-01-12
IL92564A (en) 1993-07-08
ES2044073T3 (es) 1994-01-01
AU625565B2 (en) 1992-07-16
HUT55212A (en) 1991-05-28
CA2010383A1 (en) 1990-11-30
JPH0390144A (ja) 1991-04-16
US5026285A (en) 1991-06-25

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