CN102599055A - Quick propagating method for new guinea impatiens - Google Patents
Quick propagating method for new guinea impatiens Download PDFInfo
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- CN102599055A CN102599055A CN2012100703629A CN201210070362A CN102599055A CN 102599055 A CN102599055 A CN 102599055A CN 2012100703629 A CN2012100703629 A CN 2012100703629A CN 201210070362 A CN201210070362 A CN 201210070362A CN 102599055 A CN102599055 A CN 102599055A
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Abstract
The invention relates to plant cultivation, especially relates to a quick propagating method for new guinea impatiens and provides a tissue culture method for the new guinea impatiens and a method for preparing a fertilizer. The requirements of the tissue culture and differentiation of the new guinea impatiens for various elements in different growth periods are met; the growth and development of the roots and leaves of the new guinea impatiens are boosted; a bactericide is added in a formula, so that the functions of sterilizing, killing insects and preventing pest and disease damage are achieved when the fertilizer is applied; and the effect of preventing or relieving the pest and disease damage to the new guinea impatiens is better. According to the method provided by the invention, attapulgite is taken as an adding auxiliary of agricultural fertilizer, and due to the unique physical property of the attapulgite, the metabolism of the plant is promoted and the conversion rate of nutrient substance is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant cultivation field, relate in particular to a kind of method for quickly breeding of new guinea impatiens.
Background technology
New guinea impatiens (
Impatiens platypatala) be Balsaminaceae impatiens perennial herb flowers, originate in the Asia and the torrid zone, Africa, its breeding center is in the U.S., and the part kind is imported China within this century into, and pattern is very abundant, adularescent, peachiness, redness, purple, orange and secondary color.But blooming in the anniversary mostly, is one of important potted flower of China in recent years.
At present, less for group training test, the fertilizer research of new guinea impatiens, when cultivating new guinea impatiens in the nursery, adopt conventional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer more, and in compost, add bone meal etc.The nutrient of these fertilizer is more single; Can not satisfy bloom required to various nutritive elements of new guinea impatiens growth; Cause new guinea impatiens in the cultivation process phenomenon of oligotrophy, the imbalance of part nutritive element to occur, this can further cause, and bud is few, flower is little, the flower front vane comes off, growth rate is slow, plant is unhealthy and strong etc.; Simultaneously, damage by disease and insect such as the common stem rot of new guinea impatiens, two spotted spider mite, the effect of resisting that when conventional fertilizer is used new guinea impatiens is improved the common disease of this type lacks obvious help, causes damage by disease and insect easily in the course of cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of comprehensive nutrition, preparation convenient, to the new guinea impatiens growth obviously, pollute less and to resisting the cultivation method that damage by disease and insect has certain effect.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of method for quickly breeding of new guinea impatiens is characterized in that: (1) is selected the stem apex of New Guinea's risk for use, with 75% alcohol-pickled 20 minutes, and the clorox sterilization with 9% 10 minutes, aseptic water washing is cleaned.Carry out callus induction with the MS medium, 25 ℃ of temperature, 1800lux illumination is carried out in explant shading 8 days again every day, produces callus about 10 days; Adopt the 1/2MS medium to carry out adventitious buds proliferation, 25 ℃ of cultivation temperature, illumination 2800lux cultivated 15 days; The bud of will growing thickly is inoculated on the 1/2MS+IAA0.3mg/L medium, takes root in 18 days for obtaining whole plant, is transplanted in the basin behind the refining seedling.
Soil melioration applies compound organic fertilizer, is the prevention soil insect, and every mu applies insecticide Rogor 1.5kg, turns over for the first time, and employing is ploughed deeply, more than the degree of depth 26cm; The dead angle is not stayed in the field, and thin then rake is once turned over for the second time again, and bed surface is smooth, and the rake of turning over is thin, ditches behind the smooth bed surface, opens gutter around the piece in the field; The degree of depth 50～80cm, wide 60cm, piece central authorities open middle ditch in the field, communicate dark 40～60cm, wide 50～60cm with gutter; Make bed, the wide 110cm of bed surface, the bed surface soil block is whole thin, and bed surface central authorities are high slightly, and both sides are low slightly, open pavement between every seedbed; More than the dark 25cm, wide 40cm, the pavement middle part is high slightly, and two is low slightly, guarantees that the ditch ditch communicates, and draining is smooth;
(2) transplant and management: the tissue cultivating seedling that will pass through behind the refining seedling is transplanted on the described seedbed of step (1), transplants the back and will irrigate normal root water the same day, like continuous sunny, will water 1 time water after the transplanting every day; Keep ground moistening,, timely draining, transplant in back 35 days and will set up the sunshade net like the rainy day; Light transmittance 60%, but full exposure management after after 50 days, in addition, in conjunction with fertilising; Weed with a hoe, fine behind the rain, in time weed with a hoe, to prevent sealing of soil;
Described nutrition composite fertilizer, each component is by weight: thunder godvine 5-7 part, root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany 2-3 part, trifoliate jewelvine 3-5 part, tobacco leaf 1-3 part; Radix Isatidis 2-3 part, urea 20-25 part, ammonium nitrate 2-6 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-4 part, potassium sulphate 2-5 part; Nitrate of lime 1-2 part, magnesium sulfate 0.5-1 part, borax 1-2 part, zinc sulphate 2-5 part, ferrous sulfate 3-6 part; Thiophanate methyl 2-4 part, copper sulphate 1-1.5 part, 3 parts in diatomite, attapulgite 10-15 part; Vegetable fiber 11-20 part, fowl and animal excrement 40-60 part, microbial bacterial agent 2-4 part, 5 parts of plant growth regulator.
In the further preferred version of the present invention, the zymotic fluid of the preferred azotobacter of microbial bacterial agent, potassium solubilizing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria mixes; Said azotobacter be azotobacter chroococcum (
AzotobacterChroococcum), said phosphate solubilizing bacteria be false pseudomonas bacillus (
Pseudomonas), said potassium solubilizing bacteria is a silicate bacterium.
In the further preferred version of the present invention, a kind of or any several kinds of mixtures of forming in vegetable fiber preferably wheat stalk, maize straw, cotton stalk, reed rod, sedge, corncob, the bagasse.
In the further preferred version of the present invention, a kind of or any several kinds of mixing in the preferred cow dung of fowl and animal excrement, sheep excrement, the chicken and duck excrement;
In the further preferred version of the present invention, a kind of in plant growth regulator preferred oil rape lactone, heteroauxin, the gibberellin.
Fertilizer prepares according to following method in of the present invention:
(1) chooses the raw material of formula ratio by weight.
(2) adopt the particle cracker that vegetable fiber is ground into the powder about 50 orders, thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis mixed powder are broken into the powder about 20 orders.
(3) fowl and animal excrement, microbial bacterial agent, vegetable fiber powder, attapulgite are mixed, mix thoroughly; The wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover the moisture-heat preservation material, after 50 hours; Turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-70 ℃ in the heap; And every separated turning in 20-24 hour is once, through after 2-3 the turning, and fermentation ends.
(4) tunning that step (3) is made mixes with urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, mixes thoroughly.
(5) thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, the Isatis Root after in the mixture of step (4) gained, add pulverizing, and be mixed together evenly with thiophanate methyl, copper sulphate, diatomite and plant growth regulator.
(6) step (5) gained mixture is dried, obtains behind the granulating nutrition of the present invention composite fertilizer.
As one of preferred version of the present invention, the moisture Control of fermenting mixture is at 45%-55%, and C/N ratio is controlled at 20-30:1, and pH value is controlled at 6.5-7.
As one of further preferred version of the present invention, C/N ratio is controlled at 25:1.
As one of further preferred version of the present invention, the heat and moisture preserving material is a Polypropylence Sheet.
As one of further preferred version of the present invention, the interior temperature of heap is 65 ℃ during turning for the first time.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: after new guinea impatiens nutritious fertilizer provided by the present invention is made base manure and once applied; Can satisfy the basic nutrition needs of new guinea impatiens whole growth phase; Wherein not only contain infrastructure elements such as NPK; Also comprised multiple in, trace element and plant growth regulator, new guinea impatiens all can be met in the demand of growth different times for various elements, also help and promote growing of its root and leaf portion.In addition, added bactericide in the prescription, made fertilizer when applying, also possess the effect of sterilization, desinsection and prevention damage by disease and insect, for control or alleviate the leaf spot that new guinea impatiens possibly run into, the problem of scale has effect preferably.Simultaneously, adopt the interpolation auxiliary agent of attapulgite among the present invention,, can promote the metabolism of plant, improve the nutriment conversion ratio with its distinctive physical property as agricultural fertilizer.
Use that new guinea impatiens bud behind the fertilizer of the present invention is big and many, beautiful in colour, damage by disease and insect is few, the speed of growing is fast, has favorable economic benefit.
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is described further below, but protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation method of new guinea impatiens is characterized in that: (1) soil melioration, apply compound organic fertilizer, and be the prevention soil insect, every mu applies insecticide Rogor 1.5kg, turns over for the first time; Employing is ploughed deeply, and more than the degree of depth 26cm, the dead angle is not stayed in the field, and thin then rake is once turned over for the second time again, and bed surface is smooth; The rake of turning over is thin, ditches behind the smooth bed surface, opens gutter in the field around the piece, the degree of depth 50～80cm, and wide 60cm, piece central authorities open middle ditch in the field; Communicate with gutter, dark 40～60cm, wide 50～60cm makees bed, the wide 110cm of bed surface; The bed surface soil block is whole thin, and bed surface central authorities are high slightly, and both sides are low slightly, open pavement between every seedbed, more than the dark 25cm; Wide 40cm, the pavement middle part is high slightly, and two is low slightly, guarantees that the ditch ditch communicates, and draining is smooth;
(2) transplant and management: the tissue cultivating seedling that will pass through behind the refining seedling is transplanted on the described seedbed of step (1), transplants the back and will irrigate normal root water the same day, like continuous sunny, will water 1 time water after the transplanting every day; Keep ground moistening,, timely draining, transplant in back 35 days and will set up the sunshade net like the rainy day; Light transmittance 60%, but full exposure management after after 50 days, in addition, in conjunction with fertilising; Weed with a hoe, fine behind the rain, in time weed with a hoe, to prevent sealing of soil;
Choose raw material, each component is by weight: 5 parts of thunder godvines, 2 parts of the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittanys, trifoliate jewelvine 3-part, 1 part on tobacco leaf, 2 parts of Radix Isatidis; 20 parts in urea, 2 parts in ammonium nitrate, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of potassium sulphates, 1 part in nitrate of lime, 0.5 part in magnesium sulfate; 1 part of borax, 2 parts in zinc sulphate, 3 parts in ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of thiophanate methyls, 1 part in copper sulphate, 3 parts in diatomite; 10 parts of attapulgites, 11 parts of wheat stalks, 40 parts in cattle and sheep excrement mixture, microbial bacterial agent 2-4 part, 5 parts of brassinosteroids.
Adopt the particle cracker that wheat stalk is ground into the powder about 50 orders, again thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis mixed powder are broken into the powder about 20 orders.
Cow dung, sheep excrement, microbial bacterial agent, wheat stalk powder, attapulgite are mixed, are mixed thoroughly, the wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover Polypropylence Sheet with moisture-heat preservation; The moisture Control of fermenting mixture is 45%, after 50 hours, and turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50 ℃ in the heap; And whenever once at a distance from turning in 20 hours; After 2 turnings, C/N ratio is controlled at 20:1, pH value is controlled at 6.5, fermentation ends.The tunning that makes is mixed with urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, mix thoroughly.Thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Isatis Root after will pulverizing then and the mixture of just having mixed thoroughly mix, and are mixed together with thiophanate methyl, copper sulphate, diatomite and brassinosteroid to stir again; The end product that obtains is dried, is behind the granulating nutrition of the present invention composite fertilizer.
Thunder godvine in the present embodiment, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis, microbial bacterial agent, attapulgite mixing, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, diatomite, copper sulphate, thiophanate methyl and brassinosteroid all can be buied by market.
Application process:
Select the stem apex of New Guinea's risk for use, with 75% alcohol-pickled 20 minutes, the clorox sterilization with 9% 10 minutes, aseptic water washing is cleaned.Carry out callus induction with the MS medium, 25 ℃ of temperature, 1800lux illumination is carried out in explant shading 8 days again every day, produces callus about 10 days; Adopt the 1/2MS medium to carry out adventitious buds proliferation, 25 ℃ of cultivation temperature, illumination 2800lux cultivated 15 days; The bud of will growing thickly is inoculated on the 1/2MS+IAA0.3mg/L medium, takes root in 18 days for obtaining whole plant, is transplanted in the basin behind the refining seedling.
Apply nutritious fertilizer of the present invention during transplanting, every strain 0.8kg, earthing waters permeablely, and final-period management is managed according to routine techniques, can bloom then.
When fertilising, nutritious fertilizer of the present invention and gardening field composite fertilizer commonly used is compared test, 6 processing are set, each handles repetition 3 times, and each fertilizer adopts disposable applying, and adopts same control measures, the warp statistics:
The average number of flowers of using the every strain of new guinea impatiens of conventional composite fertilizer is 15, flowering rate 83.5%, and the growing period normal management, the ratio that infects stem rot is 10.7%, the ratio that infects two spotted spider mite is 15.1%.
The average number of flowers of using the every strain of new guinea impatiens of nutritious fertilizer of the present invention reaches 24, and flowering rate reaches 96.9%, and the bright-coloured degree of pattern is higher than the new guinea impatiens that conventional composite fertilizer cultivates.The growing period normal management, the ratio that infects stem rot is merely 2.6%, and the ratio that infects two spotted spider mite is 4.5%.
?
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultivation method of new guinea impatiens is characterized in that: (1) soil melioration, apply compound organic fertilizer, and be the prevention soil insect, every mu applies insecticide Rogor 1.5kg, turns over for the first time; Employing is ploughed deeply, and more than the degree of depth 26cm, the dead angle is not stayed in the field, and thin then rake is once turned over for the second time again, and bed surface is smooth; The rake of turning over is thin, ditches behind the smooth bed surface, opens gutter in the field around the piece, the degree of depth 50～80cm, and wide 60cm, piece central authorities open middle ditch in the field; Communicate with gutter, dark 40～60cm, wide 50～60cm makees bed, the wide 110cm of bed surface; The bed surface soil block is whole thin, and bed surface central authorities are high slightly, and both sides are low slightly, open pavement between every seedbed, more than the dark 25cm; Wide 40cm, the pavement middle part is high slightly, and two is low slightly, guarantees that the ditch ditch communicates, and draining is smooth;
(2) transplant and management: the tissue cultivating seedling that will pass through behind the refining seedling is transplanted on the described seedbed of step (1), transplants the back and will irrigate normal root water the same day, like continuous sunny, will water 1 time water after the transplanting every day; Keep ground moistening,, timely draining, transplant in back 35 days and will set up the sunshade net like the rainy day; Light transmittance 60%, but full exposure management after after 50 days, in addition, in conjunction with fertilising; Weed with a hoe, fine behind the rain, in time weed with a hoe, to prevent sealing of soil;
Described nutrition composite fertilizer chooses raw material, 6 parts of thunder godvines, 3 parts of the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittanys, 5 parts of trifoliate jewelvines, 3 parts on tobacco leaf; 2 parts of Radix Isatidis, 23 parts in urea, 5 parts in ammonium nitrate, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of potassium sulphates, 2 parts in nitrate of lime; 1 part in magnesium sulfate, 1 part of borax, 4 parts in zinc sulphate, 5 parts in ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of thiophanate methyls, 1.5 parts in copper sulphate; 3 parts in diatomite, 15 parts of attapulgites, 20 parts of corncobs, 55 parts in chicken and duck excrement, 4 parts of microbial bacterial agents, 5 parts of gibberellin.Adopt the particle cracker that maize cob meal is broken into 60 purpose powder, again thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis mixed powder are broken into the powder about 20 orders.
Chicken and duck excrement, microbial bacterial agent, corncob powder, attapulgite are mixed, mix thoroughly, the wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover Polypropylence Sheet with moisture-heat preservation; The moisture Control of fermenting mixture is 55%, after 50 hours, and turning for the first time when temperature reaches 60 ℃ in the heap; And whenever once at a distance from turning in 23 hours; After 3 turnings, C/N ratio is controlled at 25:1, pH value is controlled at 7, fermentation ends.The tunning that makes is mixed with urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, mix thoroughly.Thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Isatis Root after will pulverizing then and the mixture of just having mixed thoroughly mix, and are mixed together with thiophanate methyl, copper sulphate, diatomite and gibberellin to stir again; The end product that obtains is dried, is behind the granulating nutrition of the present invention composite fertilizer.
Thunder godvine in the present embodiment, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis, microbial bacterial agent, attapulgite mixing, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, diatomite, copper sulphate, thiophanate methyl and gibberellin all can be buied by market.
Application process:
Select the stem apex of New Guinea's risk for use, with 75% alcohol-pickled 20 minutes, the clorox sterilization with 9% 10 minutes, aseptic water washing is cleaned.Carry out callus induction with the MS medium, 25 ℃ of temperature, 1800lux illumination is carried out in explant shading 8 days again every day, produces callus about 10 days; Adopt the 1/2MS medium to carry out adventitious buds proliferation, 25 ℃ of cultivation temperature, illumination 2800lux cultivated 15 days; The bud of will growing thickly is inoculated on the 1/2MS+IAA0.3mg/L medium, takes root in 18 days for obtaining whole plant, is transplanted in the basin behind the refining seedling.
Apply nutritious fertilizer of the present invention during transplanting, every strain 0.9kg, earthing waters permeablely, and final-period management is managed according to routine techniques, can bloom then.
When fertilising, nutritious fertilizer of the present invention and gardening field composite fertilizer commonly used is compared test, 6 processing are set, each handles repetition 3 times, and each fertilizer adopts disposable applying, and adopts same control measures, the warp statistics:
The average number of flowers of using the every strain of new guinea impatiens of conventional composite fertilizer is 16, flowering rate 85.1%, and the growing period normal management, the ratio that infects stem rot is 9.4%, the ratio that infects two spotted spider mite is 13.6%.
The average number of flowers of using the every strain of new guinea impatiens of nutritious fertilizer of the present invention reaches 25, and flowering rate reaches 98.1%, and the bright-coloured degree of pattern is higher than the new guinea impatiens that conventional composite fertilizer cultivates.The growing period normal management, the ratio that infects stem rot is merely 2.2%, and the ratio that infects two spotted spider mite is 3.9%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultivation method of new guinea impatiens is characterized in that: (1) soil melioration, apply compound organic fertilizer, and be the prevention soil insect, every mu applies insecticide Rogor 1.5kg, turns over for the first time; Employing is ploughed deeply, and more than the degree of depth 26cm, the dead angle is not stayed in the field, and thin then rake is once turned over for the second time again, and bed surface is smooth; The rake of turning over is thin, ditches behind the smooth bed surface, opens gutter in the field around the piece, the degree of depth 50～80cm, and wide 60cm, piece central authorities open middle ditch in the field; Communicate with gutter, dark 40～60cm, wide 50～60cm makees bed, the wide 110cm of bed surface; The bed surface soil block is whole thin, and bed surface central authorities are high slightly, and both sides are low slightly, open pavement between every seedbed, more than the dark 25cm; Wide 40cm, the pavement middle part is high slightly, and two is low slightly, guarantees that the ditch ditch communicates, and draining is smooth;
(2) transplant and management: the tissue cultivating seedling that will pass through behind the refining seedling is transplanted on the described seedbed of step (1), transplants the back and will irrigate normal root water the same day, like continuous sunny, will water 1 time water after the transplanting every day; Keep ground moistening,, timely draining, transplant in back 35 days and will set up the sunshade net like the rainy day; Light transmittance 60%, but full exposure management after after 50 days, in addition, in conjunction with fertilising; Weed with a hoe, fine behind the rain, in time weed with a hoe, to prevent sealing of soil;
Described nutrition composite fertilizer chooses raw material, 7 parts of thunder godvines, 3 parts of the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittanys, 5 parts of trifoliate jewelvines, 3 parts on tobacco leaf; 3 parts of Radix Isatidis, 25 parts in urea, 6 parts in ammonium nitrate, 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 5 parts of potassium sulphates, 2 parts in nitrate of lime; 0.5 part in magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of boraxs, 5 parts in zinc sulphate, 6 parts in ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of thiophanate methyls, 1.5 parts in copper sulphate; 3 parts in diatomite, 15 parts of attapulgites, 20 parts of cotton stalks, 60 parts of cow dungs, 4 parts of microbial bacterial agents, 5 parts of heteroauxins.
Cow dung, microbial bacterial agent, cotton stalk powder, attapulgite are mixed, are mixed thoroughly, the wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover Polypropylence Sheet with moisture-heat preservation; The moisture Control of fermenting mixture is 53%, after 50 hours, and turning for the first time when temperature reaches 60 ℃ in the heap; And whenever once at a distance from turning in 24 hours; After 3 turnings, C/N ratio is controlled at 30:1, pH value is controlled at 6.5, fermentation ends.The tunning that makes is mixed with urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, mix thoroughly.Thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Isatis Root after will pulverizing then and the mixture of just having mixed thoroughly mix, and are mixed together with thiophanate methyl, copper sulphate, diatomite and gibberellin to stir again; The end product that obtains is dried, is behind the granulating nutrition of the present invention composite fertilizer.
Thunder godvine in the present embodiment, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis, microbial bacterial agent, attapulgite mixing, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, diatomite, copper sulphate, thiophanate methyl and heteroauxin all can be buied by market.
Application process:
Select the stem apex of New Guinea's risk for use, with 75% alcohol-pickled 20 minutes, the clorox sterilization with 9% 10 minutes, aseptic water washing is cleaned.Carry out callus induction with the MS medium, 25 ℃ of temperature, 1800lux illumination is carried out in explant shading 8 days again every day, produces callus about 10 days; Adopt the 1/2MS medium to carry out adventitious buds proliferation, 25 ℃ of cultivation temperature, illumination 2800lux cultivated 15 days; The bud of will growing thickly is inoculated on the 1/2MS+IAA0.3mg/L medium, takes root in 18 days for obtaining whole plant, is transplanted in the basin behind the refining seedling.
Apply nutritious fertilizer of the present invention during transplanting, every strain 0.7kg, earthing waters permeablely, and final-period management is managed according to routine techniques, can bloom then.
When fertilising, nutritious fertilizer of the present invention and gardening field composite fertilizer commonly used is compared test, 6 processing are set, each handles repetition 3 times, and each fertilizer adopts disposable applying, and adopts same control measures, the warp statistics:
The average number of flowers of using the every strain of new guinea impatiens of conventional composite fertilizer is about 16, flowering rate 84.6%, and the growing period normal management, the ratio that infects stem rot is 9.9%, the ratio that infects two spotted spider mite is 14.1%.
The average number of flowers of using each inflorescence of new guinea impatiens of nutritious fertilizer of the present invention reaches 23, and flowering rate reaches 97.2%, and the bright-coloured degree of pattern is higher than the new guinea impatiens that conventional composite fertilizer cultivates.The growing period normal management, the ratio that infects stem rot is merely 3.1%, and the ratio that infects two spotted spider mite is 4.4%.
Claims (3)
1. the method for quickly breeding of a new guinea impatiens is characterized in that: (1) tissue culture: select the stem apex of New Guinea's risk for use, and with 75% alcohol-pickled 20 minutes, the clorox sterilization with 9% 10 minutes, aseptic water washing is cleaned; Carry out callus induction with the MS medium, 25 ℃ of temperature, 1800lux illumination is carried out in explant shading 8 days again every day, produces callus about 10 days; Adopt the 1/2MS medium to carry out adventitious buds proliferation, 25 ℃ of cultivation temperature, illumination 2800lux cultivated 15 days; The bud of will growing thickly is inoculated on the 1/2MS+IAA0.3mg/L medium, takes root in 18 days for obtaining whole plant, is transplanted in the basin behind the refining seedling;
(2) soil melioration applies compound organic fertilizer, is the prevention soil insect, and every mu applies insecticide Rogor 1.5kg, turns over for the first time, and employing is ploughed deeply, more than the degree of depth 26cm; The dead angle is not stayed in the field, and thin then rake is once turned over for the second time again, and bed surface is smooth, and the rake of turning over is thin, ditches behind the smooth bed surface, opens gutter around the piece in the field; The degree of depth 50～80cm, wide 60cm, piece central authorities open middle ditch in the field, communicate dark 40～60cm, wide 50～60cm with gutter; Make bed, the wide 110cm of bed surface, the bed surface soil block is whole thin, and bed surface central authorities are high slightly, and both sides are low slightly, open pavement between every seedbed; More than the dark 25cm, wide 40cm, the pavement middle part is high slightly, and two is low slightly, guarantees that the ditch ditch communicates, and draining is smooth;
(3) transplant and management: the tissue cultivating seedling that will pass through behind the refining seedling is transplanted on the described seedbed of step (2), transplants the back and will irrigate normal root water the same day, like continuous sunny, will water 1 time water after the transplanting every day; Keep ground moistening,, timely draining, transplant in back 35 days and will set up the sunshade net like the rainy day; Light transmittance 60%, but full exposure management after after 50 days, in addition, in conjunction with fertilising; Weed with a hoe, fine behind the rain, in time weed with a hoe, to prevent sealing of soil;
Described nutrition composite fertilizer, each component is by weight: thunder godvine 5-7 part, root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany 2-3 part, trifoliate jewelvine 3-5 part, tobacco leaf 1-3 part; Radix Isatidis 2-3 part, urea 20-25 part, ammonium nitrate 2-6 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-4 part, potassium sulphate 2-5 part; Nitrate of lime 1-2 part, magnesium sulfate 0.5-1 part, borax 1-2 part, zinc sulphate 2-5 part, ferrous sulfate 3-6 part; Thiophanate methyl 2-4 part, copper sulphate 1-1.5 part, 3 parts in diatomite, attapulgite 10-15 part; Vegetable fiber 11-20 part, fowl and animal excrement 40-60 part, microbial bacterial agent 2-4 part, 5 parts of plant growth regulator;
Said microbial bacterial agent is mixed by the zymotic fluid of azotobacter, potassium solubilizing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria; Said azotobacter be azotobacter chroococcum (
AzotobacterChroococcum), said phosphate solubilizing bacteria be false pseudomonas bacillus (
Pseudomonas), said potassium solubilizing bacteria is a silicate bacterium;
Said vegetable fiber is a kind of or any several kinds of mixing in wheat stalk, maize straw, cotton stalk, reed rod, sedge, corncob, the bagasse;
Said fowl and animal excrement is a kind of or any several kinds of mixing in cow dung, sheep excrement, the chicken and duck excrement;
Said plant growth regulator is a kind of in brassinosteroid, heteroauxin, the gibberellin.
2. the preparation method of nutrition composite fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that step is:
(1) chooses the raw material of formula ratio by weight;
(2) vegetable fiber is ground into the powder about the 50-60 order, thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, Radix Isatidis mixed powder are broken into the powder about 20 orders;
(3) fowl and animal excrement, microbial bacterial agent, vegetable fiber powder, attapulgite are mixed, mix thoroughly; The wet feed of in fermentation vat, banking up fermentation, on cover the moisture-heat preservation material, after 50 hours; Turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-70 ℃ in the heap; And every separated turning in 20-24 hour is once, through after 2-3 the turning, and fermentation ends; (4) tunning that step (3) is made mixes with urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, nitrate of lime, magnesium sulfate, borax, zinc sulphate, ferrous sulfate, mixes thoroughly; (5) thunder godvine, the root bark of shaggy-fruited dittany, trifoliate jewelvine, tobacco leaf, the Isatis Root after in the mixture of step (4) gained, add pulverizing, and be mixed together evenly with thiophanate methyl, copper sulphate, diatomite and plant growth regulator; (6) step (5) gained mixture is dried, obtains behind the granulating nutrition of the present invention composite fertilizer.
3. like the said method of claim 2, the moisture Control that it is characterized in that fermenting mixture in the step (3) is at 45%-55%, and C/N ratio is controlled at 20-30:1, and pH value is controlled at 6.5-7.
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