CN103444475B - A kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444475B CN103444475B CN201310332226.7A CN201310332226A CN103444475B CN 103444475 B CN103444475 B CN 103444475B CN 201310332226 A CN201310332226 A CN 201310332226A CN 103444475 B CN103444475 B CN 103444475B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to machine-processed rice Production of Large Fields method field, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil, it is characterized in that: utilize the middle low paddy field soil that suburb, southern strand extensively distributes, foster and apply fertilizer using broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system as rice field, broad bean is provided after make the fertilizer production organic rice of vegetative growth of rice plants, and the broad bean of considerable benefit can be gathered in the crops.The present invention is rich in new meaning, reasonable in design, with low cost; benefit is given prominence to; be convenient to implement; be conducive to making full use of middle-and-low-yielding fields resource and agricultural stalk resource that coastal region extensively distributes; apply this Eco-economic Type method and can promote Organic food development; be conducive to the economic benefit improving peasant, more effectively can protect the food problem of coastal region Middle and low production cropland resource and alleviation coastal region, thus there is larger application and popularization value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine-processed rice Production of Large Fields method field, more specifically relate to a kind of fertilizer manufacture utilizing broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling to apply the strand middle low paddy field soil producing organic rice.
Background technology
Cultivated land resource is valuable natural resources, is the basis of human survival and development.South oceanfront is the area that China's rapid economic development and population are the densest.On the one hand rapid development of economy and personnel's is intensive, and a large amount of high-quality cultivated land resources is occupied; On the other hand, middle-and-low-yielding fields rice cultivation is low in economic efficiency, and peasant abandons field and lays idle.These all result in coastal region arable area and sharply reduce, and people ground is particularly thorny, and environmental pollution is day by day serious., how to suit measures to local conditions for this reason, effective and reasonablely utilize strand Middle and low production cropland resource, improve its economy, environment and social benefit, the food problem solving developed area, strand is a problem being worth further investigation.Organic rice is a kind of high-grade food, and because its high-quality, safety, mouthfeel are good and be subject to the favor of consumer, its price is more than 4 times of common rice price.It is a kind of completely without any poisonous and harmful substances such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, growth regulators for producing due to organic paddy, does not also use the system agricultural industry of genetically engineered biological and product thereof.Therefore, crop rice straw, legume, green manure, colza cake, organic biofertilizer are the main sources of organic field soil fertility.Rice straw also field is improved for paddy soil, and organic lifting and nutrient balance play important effect.Broad bean is annual herb green manure plant in winter, to saline-alkali soil, there is resistance, be suitable for growing in farming field, strand, its stalk is containing nutrients such as a large amount of N P and K, can be used as organic green manure and turn over the increase soil organic matter that buries, improvement soil physical arrangement, increases soil fertility, make the fertilizer amount of paddy rice after minimizing, and make paddy rice high-quality, high yield after promoting.In addition, fresh broad bean has very high economic worth and using value.Thus; broad bean and rice straw organic assembling system are fostered and apply fertilizer as rice field; not only can reduce agrochemical cost; reduce environmental pollution; and household economy benefit increases substantially; peasant's second ploughing also field can be realized, effectively protect coastal region Middle and low production cropland resource and the food problem alleviating coastal region.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, provides one to utilize strand middle low paddy field soil, fosters and apply fertilizer and provide the method for production organic rice of fertilizer of broad bean-vegetative growth of rice plants using broad bean and rice straw combined system as rice field.
The present invention selects position place rapid economic development and densely populated coastal region, with fresh air, and water source is clean and without soil property pollution, home environment is good, and single cropping per mu yield is in the rice field of below 400kg.
When rice harves in autumn, high stubble stays field, and toothing 50-60cm highly turns over and buries, and grows demand breeding time for broad bean, can play the effect sheltered from heat or light in field, keeps soil moisture, and broad bean can be provided after rice straw mineralising to grow required nutrient simultaneously.Transplant plantation broad bean in October-November, transplant 2000-3000 strain for every mu, broad bean growing period every mu separately needs supplemented with exogenous nitrogenous fertilizer (N) 4-4.5kg, phosphate fertilizer (P
2o
5) 3.5-4 kg, potash fertilizer (K
2o) 4-4.5kg.The 50-60cm rice straw 100-150kg of another collection storage every mu results, wait for the coming year mid-March-mid-April broad bean to mix with the fresh broad bean stalk (every mu can be produced fresh broad bean stalk 4000-5000kg) of every mu of about 2000-2500kg after gathering and directly turn over also field, for after make growth period duration of rice growth demand.
If the described rice cultivation single cropping rice, fresh for the about 2000-2500 kg of remaining collection storage broad bean stalk is continued storage or makes feed to be separately used as him.Described broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system every mu can provide nutrient N:8-9kg; P
2o
5: 3-4 kg; K
2o:7-8 kg, makes the nutrient demand of single cropping rice breeding time after can meeting, rear work does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between single cropping rice breeding time.
If described rice cultivation double cropping rice, the fresh broad bean stalk of about 2000-2500 kg of remaining collection storage is turned over also field before late rice plantation after early rice harvesting together with early rice toothing 50-60cm rice straw.Described broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system every mu can provide nutrient N:16-18kg; P
2o
5: 5.5-7 kg; K
2o:13-15 kg, makes the nutrient demand of single cropping rice breeding time and the part nutrient demand of double cropping late rice breeding time after enough meeting, rear work does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between single cropping rice and double cropping late rice breeding time.
Moisture and plant protection manage identical with existing organic rice culture technique.Application the method can realize the organic rice yield target of single cropping rice 300-400kg/ mu, the organic rice yield target of double cropping rice 700-850kg/ mu, the yield target of Spring broad bean 800-900kg/ mu.But fresh broad bean stalk once can be turned over into field to the organic rice output realizing single cropping rice 500kg/ mu.To realize double cropping rice 1000kg/ mu, then separately need enrich the fertilizer produced through Organic Food Attestation agency qualification.
Major advantage of the present invention is: one, be rich in new meaning, reasonable in design: make full use of broad bean and rice growth is poor for season, broad bean green manure and rice straw waste material organic assembling are applied, both the part nutrition needed for broad bean growing period had been met, do the single cropping rice and double cropping rice after can supplying completely again, achieve recycling of mineral nutrient; Two, the middle-and-low-yielding fields resource that coastal region extensively distributes is made full use of; produce the blue or green broad bean that economic worth except organic rice is high; directly enhance the economic benefit of peasant; facilitate the enthusiasm of peasant's farming, effectively protect coastal region Middle and low production cropland resource and the food problem alleviating coastal region.Thus there is larger application and popularization value.
Embodiment
1. home environment: the torrid zone, south or Subtropical Coastal rapid economic development area, with fresh air, water source is clean and without soil property pollution, home environment is good, and single cropping per mu yield is at the middle low paddy field soil of below 400kg.
2. field cultivation: when rice harves in autumn, high stubble stays field, and toothing 50-60cm highly turns over and buries, and grows demand breeding time for broad bean.Transplant plantation broad bean in October-November, transplant 2000-3000 strain for every mu, broad bean growing period every mu separately needs supplemented with exogenous nitrogenous fertilizer (N) 4-4.5kg, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 3.5-4 kg, potash fertilizer (K2O) 4-4.5kg.The 50-60cm rice straw 100-150kg of another collection storage every mu results, next year mid-March-mid-April broad bean to mix with the fresh broad bean stalk (every mu can be produced fresh broad bean stalk 4000-5000kg) of every mu of about 2000-2500kg after gathering and directly turn over also field, for after make growth period duration of rice growth demand.
If the described rice cultivation single cropping rice, fresh for the about 2000-2500 kg of remaining collection storage broad bean stalk is continued storage or makes feed to be separately used as him.
If described rice cultivation double cropping rice, can will turn over together with the rice straw first storing fresh broad bean stalk toothing 50-60cm height when early rice gather in the crops of remaining about 2000-2500kg needed for also field confession double cropping rice late rice grows again in June-July.
3. nutrient management: if the described rice cultivation single cropping rice, broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system every mu can provide nutrient N:8-9kg; P
2o
5: 3-4 kg; K
2o:7-8 kg, makes the nutrient demand of single cropping rice breeding time after can meeting, rear work does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between single cropping rice breeding time.If described rice cultivation double cropping rice, broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system every mu can provide nutrient N:16-18kg; P
2o
5: 5.5-7 kg; K
2o:13-15 kg, makes the nutrient demand of single cropping rice breeding time and the part nutrient demand of double cropping late rice breeding time after enough meeting, rear work does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between single cropping rice and double cropping late rice breeding time.
Application the method can realize the organic rice output of single cropping rice 300-400kg/ mu, the organic rice output of double cropping rice 700-850g/ mu, the yield target of Spring broad bean 800-900kg/ mu.
4. field management: moisture and plant protection manage identical with existing organic rice culture technique.
Be below the preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention be not limited only to this.
embodiment 1
1. select the single cropping rice field of the torrid zone, south or regional per mu yield about the 100kg of Subtropical Coastal, have independent natural water source, without soil, air-polluting middle-and-low-yielding fields; Select preferentially matter, middle water resistant rice varieties else.
2. when rice harves in autumn, high stubble stays field, and toothing 55cm highly turns over clean small-size rotary tiller and buries.Plantation broad bean is transplanted in mid or late November.Transplant the strain of broad bean seedling 2750 for every mu.Before transplanting, every mu is first supplemented the fertilizer external source nitrogenous fertilizer 4.5kg produced through Organic Food Attestation agency qualification, phosphate fertilizer 4kg, potash fertilizer 4.5kg.To meet the growing nutrient demand between breeding time.The 55cm rice straw 125kg of another collection storage every mu results, wait for the coming year mid-March-mid-April can gather Spring broad bean 800-900kg/ mu, obtain fresh broad bean stalk 4000-4500 kg/ mu, turn over into field together with the fresh broad bean stalk of 2000-2500kg/ mu.The fresh broad bean stalk of remaining about 2000-2500kg is made feed and is separately used it for anything else.
3. N:8-9kg can be provided with this combined system every mu; P
2o
5: 3-4kg; K
2o:7-8kg, the single cropping rice does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between breeding time.And moisture and plant protection manage identical with existing organic rice culture technique.Application the method can realize the organic rice yield target of single cropping rice 300-400kg/ mu, the yield target of Spring broad bean 800-900kg/ mu.But fresh broad bean stalk once can be turned over into field to the organic rice output realizing single cropping rice 500kg/ mu.
embodiment 2
1. select the double-ridged horn of the torrid zone, south or Subtropical Coastal regional per mu yield 1 season about 150kg, have independent natural water source, without soil, air-polluting middle-and-low-yielding fields; Select preferentially matter, middle water resistant rice varieties else.
2. when rice harves in autumn, high stubble stays field, and toothing 55cm highly turns over clean small-size rotary tiller and buries.Plantation broad bean is transplanted in mid or late November.Transplant the strain of broad bean seedling 2250 for every mu.Before transplanting, execute the fertilizer need produced through Organic Food Attestation agency qualification for every mu, nitrogenous fertilizer 4kg, phosphate fertilizer 3.5kg, potash fertilizer 4kg, to meet the growing nutrient demand between breeding time.The 55cm rice straw 100kg of another collection storage every mu results, wait for the coming year mid-March-mid-April can gather Spring broad bean 800-900kg/ mu, obtain fresh broad bean stalk 4500-5000kg/ mu, turn over into field together with the fresh broad bean stalk of 2000-2500kg.Separately fresh for the about 2000-2500kg of collection storage broad bean stalk is turned over also field before late rice plantation after early rice harvesting together with early rice toothing 55cm rice straw.
3. N:16-18kg can be provided with this combined system every mu; P
2o
5: 6-8 kg; K
2o:14-16, can for nutritional need required between double cropping rice early rice and late rice breeding time, and moisture and plant protection management identical with existing organic rice culture technique.Application the method can realize the organic rice output of double cropping rice 700-850kg/ mu, the yield target of Spring broad bean 800-900kg/ mu.To realize double cropping rice 1000kg/ mu, then separately need enrich the fertilizer produced through Organic Food Attestation agency qualification.
embodiment 3: broad bean and rice straw organic assembling system with do not plant broad bean or broad bean, stalk turns over separately and compares
Broad bean according to enforcement 1, enforcement 2 and rice straw organic assembling apply the method for producing organic rice, with do not plant broad bean or broad bean and rice straw and turn over separately and compare in table 1, visible utilize Winter paddy field to plant broad bean and apply broad bean, rice straw organic assembling system do after can providing and enough meeting single cropping rice and two season early, the nutrient demand of late rice breeding time, also can gather in the crops Spring broad bean and bring considerable economic benefit.Turn over separately the growing nutrient demand that stalk and broad bean can only meet the single cropping rice, can not meet double cropping rice early, the demand of nourishing and growing of late rice.
Application broad bean, rice straw organic assembling system can be completely achieved recycling of the mineral nutrients such as N, P, K, and broad bean or stalk turn over separately and can only partly realize recycling of nutrient.Application broad bean, rice straw organic assembling system are produced organic rice and can be obtained higher economic benefit, and broad bean turns over separately to turn over separately with rice straw and produces conventional rice and can only obtain lower economic benefit.
Table 1 broad bean and rice straw organic assembling system with do not plant broad bean or broad bean, rice straw turns over separately and compares
embodiment 4: broad bean and rice straw organic assembling system and Chinese milk vetch turn over rice straw organic assembling system and compare
According to enforcement 1, implement broad bean described in 2 and apply the method and " a kind of for the production of having the rice field composting of machine-processed rice and method for preserving soil moisture " (patent No.: the Chinese milk vetch 201010132306) and rice straw organic assembling system turn over and compare in table 2 of producing organic rice with rice straw organic assembling, broad bean, rice straw organic assembling system and Chinese milk vetch, rice straw organic assembling system makes the nutritional need of single cropping rice growth after all can providing and enough meeting, but Chinese milk vetch, rice straw organic assembling system but can not provide the rear growing nutrient demand doing double cropping rice late rice, apply broad bean as can be seen here, the N that rice straw organic assembling system can provide, P, the mineral nutrient content such as K are higher.Except this this, application broad bean, rice straw organic assembling system can obtain the product (broad bean) outside paddy, higher economic benefit can be obtained, and Chinese milk vetch, stalk organic assembling body system production organic rice can only gather in the crops organic paddy, other crop cannot be gathered in the crops and obtain benefit, thus obtain lower economic benefit.
Table 2
broad bean and rice straw organic assembling system and Chinese milk vetch turn over rice straw organic assembling system and compare
In sum, the present invention is rich in new meaning, reasonable in design, by broad bean green manure and rice straw waste material organic assembling being applied, has both met the part nutrition during broad bean cultivation, makes the single cropping rice and the nutrient needed for double cropping rice growth after can meeting again.This broad bean and rice straw organic assembling apply the method for producing organic rice; it takes full advantage of the middle-and-low-yielding fields resource that southern coastal region extensively distributes; produce the blue or green broad bean that economic worth except organic rice is high; directly enhance the economic benefit of peasant; facilitate the enthusiasm of peasant's farming, effectively protect coastal region Middle and low production cropland resource and the food problem alleviating coastal region.Thus there is larger application and popularization value.
Claims (7)
1. produce the fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for strand middle low paddy field soil for one kind, it is characterized in that: utilize the middle low paddy field soil that south is tropical or Subtropical Coastal is regional, foster and apply fertilizer using broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system as rice field, the fertilizer of broad bean-vegetative growth of rice plants is provided, produces organic rice;
Described broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system as follows:
When rice harves in autumn, high stubble stays field, transplants plantation broad bean, grow demand breeding time for broad bean after toothing 50-60cm highly turns over and buries; Broad bean growing period every mu separately needs supplemented with exogenous nitrogenous fertilizer 4-4.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 3.5-4kg, potash fertilizer 4-4.5kg; The 50-60cm rice straw 100-150kg of another collection storage every mu results, wait for the coming year mid-March-mid-April broad bean mix with the fresh broad bean stalk of every mu of 2000-2500kg after gathering and directly turns over also field, wherein every per mu yield fresh broad bean stalk 4000-5000kg.
2. a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described middle low paddy field soil is positioned at the torrid zone, south or subtropics rapid economic development and densely populated coastal region, with fresh air, water source is clean and pollute without soil property, home environment is good, and single cropping per mu yield is in the rice field of below 400kg.
3. a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if rice cultivation single cropping rice, the fresh broad bean stalk of the 2000-2500kg of remaining collection storage is continued storage or make feed to be separately used as him.
4. a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if rice cultivation double cropping paddy rice, fresh for the 2000-2500 kg of remaining collection storage broad bean stalk is turned over also field before late rice plantation after early rice harvesting together with early rice toothing 50-60cm rice straw.
5. a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system every mu can provide nutrient N:8-9kg; P
2o
5: 3-4 kg; K
2o:7-8 kg, makes the nutrient demand of single cropping rice breeding time after can meeting, rear work does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between single cropping rice breeding time.
6. a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described broad bean green manure and rice straw organic assembling system every mu can provide nutrient N:16-18kg; P
2o
5: 5.5-7 kg; K
2o:13-15 kg, makes the nutrient demand of single cropping rice breeding time and the part nutrient demand of double cropping late rice breeding time after enough meeting, rear work does not use chemical fertilizer and other fertilizer between single cropping rice and double cropping late rice breeding time.
7. a kind of fertilizer manufacture having machine-processed rice for the production of strand middle low paddy field soil any one of claim 1 to 6 described in claim, is characterized in that: the moisture that rice field adopts and plant protection manage identical with existing rice cultivating technique.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104663212A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Mung bean irrigated-land dry-land rotation farming and straw-returning soil-ameliorating method |
| CN104620829A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Dolichos lab lab irrigated land and dryland crop rotation and straw recycling soil modification method |
| CN110115218A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-13 | 湖南生物机电职业技术学院 | A kind of cultural method of rice field male ridge winter kind semen viciae fabae |
| CN114315440A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-12 | 嘉兴市农业科学研究院 | Organic rice production fertilizer and organic rice production fertilizer supply method |
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