CN102597362A - 被涂覆的织物产品 - Google Patents

被涂覆的织物产品 Download PDF

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CN102597362A
CN102597362A CN201080050743XA CN201080050743A CN102597362A CN 102597362 A CN102597362 A CN 102597362A CN 201080050743X A CN201080050743X A CN 201080050743XA CN 201080050743 A CN201080050743 A CN 201080050743A CN 102597362 A CN102597362 A CN 102597362A
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airbag
composition
coat
friction
friction coat
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CN102597362B (zh
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M·巴瑟
W·布莱克伍德
V·克莱瑞奇
安德鲁·威廉·穆特尼
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Dow Silicones Corp
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Dow Corning Corp
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Abstract

一种用固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物涂覆的气袋，其特征在于该气袋的顶部涂覆有减摩涂层，所述减摩涂层包括分散在有机聚合物粘合剂中的至少一种固体润滑剂。

Description

被涂覆的织物产品
本发明涉及气袋涂层，气袋用于保护交通工具例如汽车的乘客的安全性目的，并涉及期望被制造成气袋的气袋织物的涂层。特别地，本发明涉及已涂覆有固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物的气袋和气袋织物的具有减少摩擦的组合物的表层涂层。本发明还涉及用于外敷已涂覆有固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物的气袋和气袋织物的涂层组合物。
气袋通常由纺织或编织的织物形成，纺织或编织的织物由合成纤维例如聚酰胺例如尼龙-6，6或聚酯制成，气袋的侧面中的至少一个侧面被一层弹性体覆盖。气袋可由平面织物片制成，平面织物片被涂覆并然后被缝合在一起以提供足够的机械强度，或可以纺织成带有整体纺织缝的一片。缝合的气袋通常与涂覆的织物表面组装在气袋的内部。一片纺织的气袋覆盖在气袋的外部。涂覆气袋或气袋织物的优选弹性体是为固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物的硅酮弹性体，特别是经氢化硅烷化，即通过一种有机聚硅氧烷的烯基与另一种有机聚硅氧烷的Si-H基团的反应而固化的硅酮橡胶涂层。
在许多公布的专利和申请例如美国专利5789084、5877256、6709752、6425600和6511754，和WO-A-08/020605和WO-A-08/020635中描述了用硅酮弹性体涂覆的气袋。
对于某些气袋应用，加压的气体必须相对长时间保留在织物空腔中。该要求存在于例如用于汽车工业的侧帘气袋中。像常规的气袋在碰撞的时候膨胀起来一样，期望这些侧帘气袋在碰撞的时候膨胀起来。侧帘展开以在乘客和车身的某个侧面，例如窗户之间形成缓冲帘。如在常规的司机和乘客气袋的情况下，由于本发明不仅缓冲碰撞本身的冲击，而且例如当汽车翻滚时保护乘客，所以在这种翻滚过程中对侧帘气袋充分加压是重要的。如果常规的司机和乘客气袋只需要保持压力持续几分之一秒，则期望侧帘气袋维持合适压力持续几秒钟。相似的应用存在于当加压的织物结构被期望维持某一气体压力持续相对延长的时间段，例如在飞机的紧急出口中，或充气木筏中。因此存在对在由硅酮橡胶涂层提供的低涂层重量下具有柔性和耐高温的益处，但具有改进的气密性的被涂覆的织物的需要。
气袋上的硅酮弹性体涂层具有被涂覆的织物的柔性和足够低的透气性的优良组合。然而，硅酮弹性体涂层当固化时具有高的表面摩擦。如果硅酮弹性体底涂层作为唯一的涂层留在气袋上，则该底涂层的表面性质将导致粘连(在将气袋储存和紧密包装在汽车内期间硅酮表面彼此粘附)且当气袋膨胀时将导致非常高的应力，这种应力将由于膨胀期间的撕开导致气袋破裂。
美国专利6177366描述了构成至少两种单独的且不同的层的气袋涂层组合物。与气袋表面接触的第一层(底涂层)包括硅酮弹性体。第二层(表层涂层)优选是硅酮树脂。
美国专利7198854描述了用于被硅酮弹性体涂覆的纺织品的减摩硅酮清漆。该清漆包括包含在允许交联的催化剂存在下彼此反应的两种硅酮的可交联硅酮组合物和包含粉末状的(共)聚酰胺的颗粒组分。
我们已发现除非用低摩擦填料例如滑石高度填充，否则交联的硅酮组合物不具有足够低以避免储存期间气袋表面的粘连和膨胀期间气袋的撕开的摩擦系数。气袋制造商不喜欢这种高度填充的组合物，因为滑石在储存期间沉降且难以在低涂层重量下一致地施用该组合物。
根据本发明的一个方面，涂覆有固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物的气袋表层涂覆有包括分散在有机聚合物粘合剂中的至少一种固体润滑剂的减摩涂层。对于有机聚合物，我们指的是其中形成聚合物链的原子的至少50％是碳原子的聚合物。
根据本发明的另一个方面，用于涂覆其中袋或织物涂覆有有机聚硅氧烷组合物的气袋或气袋织物的方法的特征在于，气袋表层涂覆有包含至少一种分散的固体润滑剂的水分散体的减摩涂层组合物。
本发明还包括包含在有机聚合物粘合剂的分散体中的固体含氟聚合物的水分散体的减摩涂层组合物，其特征在于该水分散体包含硅氧烷聚醚润湿剂。
存在于减摩涂层中的固体润滑剂可包括例如含氟聚合物例如聚四氟乙烯(PTEE)、固体烃蜡例如聚烯烃蜡，例如微粉化的聚丙烯蜡，或PTFE和蜡的混合物。固体润滑剂可额外地或可选择地包括润滑剂矿物质，例如可以是滑石微球的形式的滑石、蒙脱土、二硫化钼、石墨、硫化锌或磷酸三钙，或这些中的任何两种或更多种的混合物。矿物质润滑剂例如滑石还有效地减少气袋表面处的摩擦，并可用来部分或全部地替代PTFE作为固体润滑剂。
我们已发现含氟聚合物和滑石的组合在减少气袋表面处的摩擦方面是特别有效的。令人惊奇的是，向包含PTFE作为固体润滑剂的减摩涂层组合物中加入滑石可极大地减小被涂覆织物的摩擦系数，例如减小到由单独的PTFE可达到的摩擦系数的一半或更少，且比由单独的滑石作为固体润滑剂可达到的摩擦系数小得多。
在之前用来自水分散体的有机聚硅氧烷组合物涂覆的两种情况下，优选将固体润滑剂减摩涂层施用到气袋或气袋织物上。该涂层组合物通常需要粘合剂以增强固体润滑剂与气袋织物的粘合。粘合剂可以是例如有机聚合物粘合剂。优选的有机聚合物粘合剂包括聚氨基甲酸酯、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂、聚酯树脂、氨醛树脂、乙烯树脂例如聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂。优选的聚氨基甲酸酯包括聚酯多元醇和芳族二异氰酸酯或脂族二异氰酸酯的共聚物。优选的酚醛树脂包括苯酚和甲醛的共聚物以及苯酚、甲醛和甲酚的共聚物。优选的环氧树脂是双酚A和表氯醇的共聚物。因此，存在于气袋织物表面上的涂层包括分散在有机聚合物粘合剂中的固体润滑剂。以干涂层重量计，有机聚合物粘合剂的水平可以在例如减摩涂层组合物的按重量计2％或3％多至50％的范围内，即以干涂层重量计减摩涂层组合物的按重量计2％至50％，或可选择地3％至50％。通常优选以干涂层重量计，有机聚合物粘合剂的水平为例如涂层组合物的按重量计5％或10％多至35％即5％至35％或可选择地10％至35％。
为了清楚起见，应理解当提供％值时，例如组合物的总量总是加和为100％。另外，提及以干涂层重量计的组合物中的范围，意图是指排除水和或共溶剂的重量所计算的重量。
在本发明的一个优选方面，施用到之前已涂覆有机聚硅氧烷组合物的气袋织物上的减摩涂层组合物包括在有机聚合物粘合剂或有机聚合物粘合剂/氨基硅烷混合物的分散体中的固体润滑剂例如含氟聚合物和/或滑石的水分散体。有机聚合物粘合剂或有机聚合物粘合剂/氨基硅烷混合物的分散体可以是任选地包含水可混溶的有机共溶剂(如需要的话)的水溶液，或可以是水乳液或水悬浮液。这样的乳液或悬浮液通常由至少一种表面活性剂稳定，表面活性剂可选自非离子型表面活性剂、阴离子型表面活性剂、阳离子型表面活性剂和两性离子表面活性剂或这些表面活性剂的两种或更多种的混合物。合适的非离子型表面活性剂的实例为烷基乙氧基化物(乙氧基化脂肪醇)或芳烷基乙氧基化物例如(叔辛基苯氧基)聚乙氧基乙醇。合适的阴离子型表面活性剂的实例为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。可使用任何合适的共溶剂，且选择将取决于组合物中的有机聚合物粘合剂，但为了举例的目的，潜在的共溶剂包括醇和正烷基吡咯烷酮。
氨基硅烷例如诸如(乙二胺丙基)三甲氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨乙基)-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、氨基烷基烷氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基甲基二甲氧基甲基硅烷、N-环己基-氨甲基二甲氧基甲基硅烷、N-甲氨基甲基-二甲氧基甲基硅烷、N-乙氨基甲基二甲氧基-甲基硅烷、N-丙基氨基甲基二甲氧基甲基硅烷、N-丁基氨基甲基二甲氧基甲基硅烷、(异丁烯酰基-羟甲基)-二甲氧基甲基硅烷、N-(二甲氧基甲基-甲硅烷基甲基)-O-甲基氨基甲酸酯，来自氨甲基二甲氧基甲基硅烷与迈克尔受体例如马来酸二酯、富马酸二酯、柠康酸二酯、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、肉桂酸酯、衣康酸二酯、乙烯基磷酸二酯、乙烯基磺酸芳基酯、乙烯基砜、乙烯基腈、1-硝基乙烯的类迈克尔加成反应的产物，或诺文葛尔缩合产物例如丙二酸二酯和醛例如甲醛、乙醛或苯甲醛的那些缩合产物可与之前提到的粘合剂体系组合使用。当存在时，有机聚合物粘合剂和氨基硅烷之间的比为以干重计从1∶5至9∶1的比。通常当期望形成粘合剂体系的整体部分时，所述氨基硅烷以基于干涂层重量的从约10％至25％的重量存在。当存在氨基硅烷时，有机聚合物粘合剂和氨基硅烷混合物可构成例如以干重计3％至70％的涂层。
可通过将固体润滑剂分散在有机聚合物粘合剂的分散体中，或通过混合固体润滑剂的分散体和有机聚合物粘合剂的分散体，或通过将有机聚合物粘合剂分散在固体润滑剂的分散体中制备减摩涂层。可使用这些技术的组合；例如，含氟聚合物固体润滑剂的分散体可与有机聚合物粘合剂的分散体混合，且矿物质固体润滑剂例如滑石可混合到所得的分散体中。
减摩涂层组合物优选包括以干重计按重量计从10％多至90％，更优选多至80％的固体润滑剂，例如按重量计从3％至90％，可选择地从3％至80％，可选择地从5％至90％，可选择地从5％至80％，可选择地从10％至90％，可选择地从10％至80％的固体润滑剂。实例包括包含以组合物干重计50％或60％的固体润滑剂的组合物。最优选地，织物上的减摩涂层包括以干重计按重量计至少20％或30％多至75％或85％的固体润滑剂，例如以干重计按重量计从20％至85％，可选择地从20％至75％，可选择地从30％至85％，可选择地从30％至75％的固体润滑剂。有机聚合物粘合剂可构成例如以干重计3％至70％或可选择地3％至50％的涂层。任何以上组合的组合物的总％量为100％。
固体矿物质润滑剂例如滑石的量优选没有高至导致滑石在储存期间大量沉降。还包含PTFE固体润滑剂的涂层中存在的滑石的量优选在从5％或10％多至30％或40％，例如5％至30％，可选择地5％至40％，可选择地10％至30％或可选择地10％至40％的范围内。当只有固体矿物质润滑剂例如滑石存在于组合物中时，所述固体矿物质润滑剂例如滑石以干重计以涂层的按重量计从5％或10％多至80％或90％，例如5％至90％，可选择地5％至80％，可选择地10％至90％，可选择地10％至80％的范围存在。滑石在根据本发明的减摩涂层中的使用避免了当将滑石以粉末形式施用到气袋以抑制粘连时与粉尘控制有关的问题。
减摩涂层组合物可包含润湿剂以确保涂层将铺展在固化的有机聚硅氧烷底涂层上。一种类型的优选润湿剂是硅氧烷聚醚，特别是其中聚醚基团为羟基封端的聚氧乙烯-硅氧烷，或者称为硅酮二醇。这类润湿剂包括包含与烷基硅氧烷基团结合的烷基聚(乙烯氧基)硅氧烷基团的硅氧烷化合物，其中烷基包含1-6个碳原子。它们优选是具有低分子量，优选包含2至8个之间的硅原子的化合物。例如，润湿剂可包含1-3个烷基聚(乙烯氧基)硅氧烷基团(i)和1至4个烷基-硅氧烷基团(ii)。可选择地，润湿剂可以是包含一个烷基聚(乙烯氧基)硅氧烷基团(i)和两个甲基-硅氧烷基团和/或乙基-硅氧烷基团(ii)的三硅氧烷。优选地，烷基聚(乙烯氧基)硅氧烷基团(ii)中的乙烯氧基(EO)单元的平均数在5至12之间(包括5和12)。优选地，烷基聚(乙烯氧基)硅氧烷基团(ii)的末端单元是乙酰氧基、羟基或烷氧基单元(例如甲氧基)。例如，具有以下结构的化合物：
Figure BDA00001619367200061
其中
●n＝3-20
●R＝H、CH3、CH3CH2、CH3CO。
可使用其他R基团，且Si原子和EO链之间的烷基链的长度可从1至12个碳变化，例如3个碳原子，从而形成Si原子和EO链之间的丙基键(propyl link)。优选的实例包括但不限于，1，1，1，3，5，5，5-七甲基-3-聚乙氧基丙基-三硅氧烷和。润湿剂优选以制剂的按重量计多至10％存在于涂层组合物中，例如从0.5％或1％多至3％。
减摩涂层组合物可包含粘合增进剂以改进涂层与固化的有机聚硅氧烷底涂层之间的粘合。优选的粘合增进剂的一种类型是环氧硅烷，例如环氧烷基三烷氧基硅烷例如3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、(烷基)丙烯酰氧基烷基三烷氧基硅烷例如甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷或氨基硅烷例如以上述及的那些氨基硅烷。还可使用例如，如在美国专利3,455,877(通过引用并入)中描述的具有环氧和烷氧基官能度的有机硅化合物。烷氧基可以是相同的或不同的，且通常选自具有从1至4个碳原子的烷氧基，例如甲氧基或乙氧基。当存在时，任何其他取代基优选选自具有从1至8个碳原子的烷基。合适的硅烷包括例如υ-(3，4环氧环己基)-乙基三甲氧基硅烷。
粘合增进剂优选以制剂中按重量计多至5％存在于涂层组合物中，例如制剂中按重量计从0.2％或0.5％多至1％，即0.2％至1％或可选择地从0.5％至1％。在氨基硅氧烷的情况下，如果被唯一地用作粘合增进剂，则所述氨基硅氧烷将不会以按重量计大于5％的量存在于组合物中。
减摩涂层组合物可包含阻燃剂。气袋不支持燃烧是重要的，且气袋通常要求添加阻燃剂以便通过适用于气袋的严格的可燃性测试。如果阻燃剂位于表层涂层中，则其可能是最有效的。优选的阻燃剂的实例是优选未经表面处理的三水合铝。减摩涂层组合物可包含例如按重量计5％至40％的三水合铝。织物上的涂层可包含例如以干重计5％至55％的三水合铝。
如果减摩涂层组合物包含矿物质润滑剂例如滑石，则其可包含增稠剂以抑制滑石的沉降。增稠剂可以是例如火成二氧化硅、膨润土或聚合物增稠剂例如聚乙烯醇。增稠剂优选以干重计按重量计多至5％存在于涂层组合物中，例如从0.2％或0.5％多至1％。
可通过滚筒施用例如凹版印刷术、胶印滚筒或冲洗滚筒，或通过淋涂，或通过喷涂(其可以是空气辅助或无空气喷涂)，或通过罗拉刮刀将减摩涂层施用到涂覆的气袋或涂覆的气袋织物上。滚筒施用通常优选为以低涂层重量均匀涂覆的有效方法。转移至织物的涂层组合物的量随滚筒上的压力和/或凹版印刷中的刻蚀面深度变化。优选以干涂层重量计以1g/m2多至15g/m2例如以3至5g/m2的涂层重量施用减摩涂层。低至1或2g/m2的涂层重量可提供所需要的低的摩擦系数并可防止粘连。较高的涂层重量例如5至15g/m2可提供密封气袋以减慢空气压力从袋损失的额外益处。
可根据所需要的涂层粘度和所需要的涂层重量来控制减摩涂层组合物中的水性稀释剂(水加上与水混合的任何共溶剂)的量。通常涂层组合物具有按重量计20％至75％的固体含量并包含80％至25％的水性稀释剂。
施用到气袋或气袋织物上作为底涂层的有机聚硅氧烷组合物可以是在之前提及的专利中描述的那些有机聚硅氧烷组合物中的任何一种。有机聚硅氧烷组合物底涂层优选包括具有脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基的有机聚硅氧烷、具有至少3个硅键合的氢原子的有机硅交联剂、能够促进脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基与Si-H基团的反应的催化剂和增强填料。
通常在施用减摩涂层之前固化有机聚硅氧烷底涂层，但在可选择的方法中，将减摩涂层组合物施用到未固化的有机聚硅氧烷底涂层上并加热固化有机聚硅氧烷底涂层组合物和减摩涂层组合物的组合。
当将减摩涂层施用到固化的有机聚硅氧烷底涂层上时，减摩涂层可在环境温度下固化，或可在高温下例如50℃至200℃，特别是100℃至150℃范围内更快速地固化。在高温下固化的一种可能方法包括将减摩涂层组合物施用到加热的基材上，例如在热固化有机聚硅氧烷底涂层之后立即施用到被涂覆的气袋或气袋织物上。
当将减摩涂层组合物施用到未经固化的有机聚硅氧烷底涂层上时，优选通过喷涂施用。美国专利6534126描述了将粉末状硅酮橡胶的水悬浮液喷涂到热固性液体硅酮橡胶组合物的未固化表面上，并可使用相似的技术来施用本发明的减摩涂层组合物。在从100℃至200℃，例如在125℃至150℃范围内的温度下，可将包含具有脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基的有机聚硅氧烷、具有至少3个硅键合的氢原子的有机硅交联剂和催化剂的优选有机聚硅氧烷组合物底涂层和已被施用到该底涂层的未固化表面上的根据本发明的减摩涂层组合物一起固化在织物表面上。
本发明的减摩涂层减少了被涂覆的气袋表面上的摩擦并因此减少了当交通工具在使用中时当气袋经受运动时的气袋磨损；这种磨损可导致气袋的压力保持减小。减摩涂层还抑制了在储存或紧密包装在交通工具的气袋隔室内期间硅酮表面的成块，即被涂覆的表面彼此粘附。当气袋膨胀时这种粘连可导致非常高的应力，由于撕开或由于硅酮底涂层从织物剥离而导致袋破裂。我们还已发现，根据本发明的减摩涂层在对抗空气压力损失增加气袋密封方面具有某些作用，特别是当减摩涂层的涂层重量大于5g/m2时。表层涂层改进气袋的压力保持是独特的。
优选地，本文所述的气袋在其中加压的气体必须相对长时间例如＞5秒种或以上保留在织物空腔中的气袋应用中，特别是在用于汽车工业的侧帘气袋中是特别有用的。像常规的气袋在碰撞的时候膨胀起来一样，期望这些侧帘气袋在碰撞的时候膨胀起来。侧帘气袋展开以在乘客和车身的某个侧面，例如窗户之间形成缓冲帘。如在常规的司机和乘客气袋的情况下，由于本发明不仅缓冲碰撞本身的冲击，而且例如当汽车翻滚时保护乘客，所以在这种翻滚过程中对侧帘气袋充分加压是重要的。在常规的司机和乘客气袋只需要保持压力持续几分之一秒时，期望侧帘气袋维持合适压力持续几秒钟。相似的应用存在于当加压的织物结构被期望维持某一气体压力持续相对延长的时间段，例如在飞机的紧急出口中，或充气木筏中。因此存在对在由硅酮橡胶涂层提供的低涂层重量下具有柔性和耐高温的益处，但具有改进的气密性的被涂覆的织物的需要。
通过以下实施例阐述了本发明，除非另外指明，否则在实施例中份和百分比是按重量计的。
实施例1
将1，1，1，3，5，5，5-七甲基-3-聚乙氧基丙基-三硅氧烷润湿剂和3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷粘合增进剂加入由非离子型表面活性剂稳定的脂族聚氨基甲酸酯水分散体中，并与由非离子型表面活性剂稳定的PTFE粉末的水分散体混合以形成包含52％水、38％PTFE、3.0％氨基甲酸酯聚合物、3.0％润湿剂、1.0％环氧硅烷粘合增进剂和3.0％(叔辛基苯氧基)聚乙氧基乙醇非离子型表面活性剂的减摩涂层组合物。
通过凹版印刷滚筒涂覆将以上减摩涂层施用到用55g/m2的固化的液体硅酮橡胶涂覆的纺织尼龙气袋织物的涂覆表面上。底涂层包含具有脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基的有机聚硅氧烷、具有至少3个硅键合的氢原子的有机硅交联剂、铂络合物催化剂和二氧化硅增强填料。在140℃下加热固化减摩涂层。在不同的实验中，以涂层重量为3g/m2和6g/m2施用减摩涂层。
用来自Testing Machine Inc.of Ronkonkoma，New York的TMI监测仪/滑动和摩擦测试仪用200g滑板(sled)按照ASTM D-1894测量外涂敷表面的摩擦系数(COF)。涂覆有3g/m2减摩涂层的织物的COF是0.9且涂覆有6g/m2减摩涂层的织物的COF是0.8。通过对比，涂覆有固化的液体硅酮橡胶底涂层的织物的COF在1.2至1.9范围内。
将涂覆有6g/m2减摩涂层的织物制造成帘气袋。在动态压力保持试验中测试气袋，其中将10升罐加压到140kPa并在0.2秒内向袋排气。压力释放之后的10秒钟时间内跟踪袋内的压力。达到50kPa所用的时间是6秒。通过对比，当测试由只涂覆有固化的液体硅酮橡胶底涂层的织物制成的气袋时，达到50kPa所用的时间是3秒。
实施例2
除了将以商品名称Imifabi HTP3销售的具有平均粒度4μm的滑石混合到PTFE和聚氨基甲酸酯粘合剂的分散体中以外，重复实施例1。减摩涂层的配方是50％水、32％PTFE、8.3％滑石、2.7％聚氨基甲酸酯、3.0％润湿剂、1.0％粘合增进剂和3.0％非离子型表面活性剂。
实施例2的涂覆有3g/m2减摩涂层的织物的COF是0.5且涂覆有6g/m2减摩涂层的织物的COF是0.3。可以看出滑石和PTFE在减摩涂层中的结合使用进一步减小了被涂覆的气袋表面的COF。
实施例3
将脂族聚氨基甲酸酯和2，5-呋喃二酮1-丁烯共聚物分散在由包含阴离子型表面活性剂的共溶剂稳定的水中。将PTFE分散体与所得的分散体混合以形成包含45.0％水、26.0％PTFE、9.3％聚氨基甲酸酯、8.3％呋喃二酮丁烯共聚物、5.0％十二烷基苯磺酸钠阴离子型表面活性剂、3.0％异丙醇、2.6％N-甲基吡咯烷酮和0.87％二丙二醇一甲基醚的减摩涂层。
通过凹版印刷滚筒涂覆将实施例3的减摩涂层施用到涂覆有固化的液体硅酮橡胶涂层并如实施例1所述加热固化的气袋织物的涂覆表面上。在凹版印刷涂覆方法中实现了降低的摩擦性质和更大的方法稳定性。
实施例4
通过实施例2的程序制备减摩涂层并加入三水合铝和滑石。所得的涂层组合物包含52份水、38份PTFE、10份滑石、20份三水合铝、3.0份氨基甲酸酯聚合物、2.0份润湿剂、1.0份环氧硅烷粘合增进剂和3.0份(叔辛基苯氧基)聚乙氧基乙醇非离子型表面活性剂。
通过凹版印刷滚筒涂覆以8g/m2将减摩涂层施用到涂覆有52g/m2固化的液体硅酮橡胶的1.7m3纺织尼龙气袋织物的涂覆表面上。底涂层包含具有脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基的有机聚硅氧烷、具有至少3个硅键合的氢原子的有机硅交联剂、铂络合物催化剂和二氧化硅增强填料。在140℃下加热固化减摩涂层。涂覆有6g/m2减摩涂层的织物的COF为0.3。
使如此被涂敷的气袋经历压力保持测试，其中气袋被加压至80kPa。关闭空气阀且在10秒内电子监控气袋内的压力。10秒钟后，压力为58kPa。
在对比实验中，气袋涂覆有60g/m2硅酮底涂层。在压力保持测试中，在10秒钟后，压力为48kPa。因此即使以气袋上的相同的总涂层重量，表层涂层改进了只涂覆有硅酮橡胶的气袋的压力保持。

Claims (20)

1.一种用固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物涂覆的气袋，其特征在于，所述气袋表层涂覆有减摩涂层，所述减摩涂层包括分散在有机聚合物粘合剂中的至少一种固体润滑剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气袋，其特征在于，所分散的固体润滑剂包括含氟聚合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的气袋，其特征在于，所分散的固体润滑剂包括聚四氟乙烯。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的气袋，其特征在于，所分散的固体润滑剂包括滑石。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的气袋，其特征在于，所述固体润滑剂分散在聚氨基甲酸酯粘合剂中。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的气袋，其特征在于，所述减摩涂层包括以干涂层重量计20％至90％的固体润滑剂。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的气袋，其特征在于，所述减摩涂层包含按重量计5％至55％的作为阻燃剂的三水合铝。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的气袋，其特征在于，所述减摩涂层的涂层重量为以干涂层重量计1至15g/m2。
9.一种用于涂覆气袋或气袋织物的方法，其中所述袋或织物用有机聚硅氧烷组合物涂覆以形成有机聚硅氧烷底涂层，其特征在于，所述气袋表层涂覆有包含至少一种分散的固体润滑剂的水分散体的减摩涂层组合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述减摩涂层组合物包含在有机聚合物粘合剂的水分散体中的固体含氟聚合物的分散体。
11.根据权利要求9或权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述减摩涂层组合物包含在有机聚合物粘合剂的水分散体中的滑石的分散体。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述水分散体包含具有1-3个烷基聚(乙烯氧基)硅氧烷基团(i)和1至4个烷基-硅氧烷基团(ii)的硅氧烷聚醚润湿剂。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述水分散体包含环氧硅烷或氨基硅烷粘合增进剂。
14.根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，作为底涂层施用到所述袋或织物的所述有机聚硅氧烷组合物包括具有脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基的有机聚硅氧烷、具有至少3个硅键合的氢原子的有机硅交联剂、能够促进所述脂族不饱和烃或烃氧基取代基与Si-H基团的反应的催化剂，以及增强填料，并且所述有机聚硅氧烷组合物在施用所述减摩涂层之前被固化。
15.根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，其中所述有机聚硅氧烷底涂层在施用所述减摩涂层组合物之前固化。
16.根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，其中所述减摩涂层组合物被施用到未固化的有机聚硅氧烷底涂层上，并加热固化所述有机聚硅氧烷底涂层组合物和所述减摩涂层组合物的组合。
17.一种减摩涂层组合物，包括在有机聚合物粘合剂的分散体中的固体含氟聚合物的水分散体，其特征在于，所述水分散体包含硅氧烷聚醚润湿剂。
18.根据权利要求17所述的减摩涂层，其特征在于，所述硅氧烷聚醚为1，1，1，3，5，5，5-七甲基-3-聚乙氧基丙基-三硅氧烷。
19.一种减摩涂层组合物，包括在有机聚合物粘合剂的分散体中的固体含氟聚合物的水分散体，其特征在于，所述水分散体包含环氧硅烷粘合增进剂。
20.包含分散在有机聚合物粘合剂中的固体润滑剂的减摩涂层作为涂覆有固化的有机聚硅氧烷组合物的气袋的表层涂层的用途。
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