CN102596354B - 用于形成过滤垫的方法 - Google Patents

用于形成过滤垫的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102596354B
CN102596354B CN201080051344.5A CN201080051344A CN102596354B CN 102596354 B CN102596354 B CN 102596354B CN 201080051344 A CN201080051344 A CN 201080051344A CN 102596354 B CN102596354 B CN 102596354B
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Prior art keywords
welding
band
sealing
filter pad
edge
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CN201080051344.5A
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CN102596354A (zh
Inventor
H·梅斯
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Hydac Filtertechnik GmbH
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Hydac Filtertechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/111—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
    • B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B01D29/21—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration with corrugated, folded or wound sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1658—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/168—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5021—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5028—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being textile in woven or non-woven form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/032—Mechanical after-treatments
    • B29C66/0326—Cutting, e.g. by using waterjets, or perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345—Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452—Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/346—Making joints having variable thicknesses in the joint area, e.g. by using jaws having an adapted configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
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    • B29C65/1645—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface heating both sides of the joint, e.g. by using two lasers or a split beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于形成适合于过滤流体的过滤垫(1)的方法，该过滤垫包括垫带(9)的至少一个带段(39)，其中，形成至少一个使垫带(9)的至少一个带段(39)的各层彼此封接的焊接带(13、15、41)，其特征在于，接着沿着所述至少一个焊接带(13、15、41)实施至少一个切割(19、37)，使得所述至少一个带段(39)被切断，以形成至少一个封接的边缘区域(43)，其特征在于，接着对带段(39)进行打褶。

Description

用于形成过滤垫的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于形成适合于过滤流体的过滤垫的方法，该过滤垫包括垫带的至少一个带段，其中，形成至少一个使垫带的至少一个带段的各层彼此封接的焊接带。
背景技术
这种过滤垫和配备该过滤垫的过滤元件用来过滤液体，例如以液压油或各种类型的溶液的形式，所述溶液例如形式上为纯的悬浮液、弥散液、乳液或胶态溶液，并且这种过滤垫和配备该过滤垫的过滤元件由于其紧凑的结构形式和其大的过滤面积而一般已经证明是有效的。已知的过滤元件，如其在市场上可自由购买的那样，具有一个由多层不同过滤材料组成的、锯齿形折叠或打褶的过滤垫，该过滤垫围绕坚固的、设置在过滤元件内部的、设有通口的支撑管设置。这种过滤垫的多层构造可以例如从一侧向另一侧具有以下的层构造：
1.带有网结构的塑料格栅或金属丝织物或塑料织物；
2.聚酯无纺布；
3.玻璃纤维垫或熔吹无纺布；
4.玻璃纤维垫或熔吹无纺布、纸无纺布或聚酯无纺布；
5.不锈钢－聚酯－混合织物；
6.带有网结构的塑料格栅或金属丝织物或塑料织物。
在合理的制造过程中，引导这样多层组成的垫带沿着带纵向方向穿过切割单元，将带在该切割单元中在边缘侧按照尺寸裁切，然后使该带继续运动到折叠机之前，在该折叠机中形成锯齿形或折裥。在继续的制造过程中，然后将裁切好的带切分为带段，然后由这些带段形成管体形式的过滤垫。
为了保证在多种情况中高品质的可使用这种过滤元件的设备可靠运行，有决定性意义的是，作为上述方法步骤的最终产品制成的管形过滤垫是绝对干净的构件。更确切地说必须确保，最终产品完全没有污染物如污垢颗粒、纤维颗粒等。考虑到由玻璃纤维材料、无纺布、织物或格栅结构构成的多层垫带的构造，不能毫无疑问地满足制造过程中的这些要求。这样由于在对垫带的各工序之间的操纵和中间存放而发生纤维迁移或纤维排出，特别是在对垫带在其边缘处纵向切割、折叠和横向切割的制造步骤时也是如此。这不仅危及构件的清洁性、而且也使得垫带的操纵以及因此制造的自动化变得困难。垫带中的各支撑层倾向于脱纱，由此自动化也变得困难。
通过DE4202769A1已知一种过滤器，特别是预定用在气体过滤器中，这些气体过滤器由锯齿形折叠的、可熔化的带状材料构成，该带状材料具有在端侧处封闭的折叠部，其中，气体过滤器在边缘处为了分隔开位于下游的净化室可密封地安装到壳体中，在折叠部端棱处的边缘密封件要与封闭的框架部件的构造一起可尽可能简单和成本有利地制造。为了实现这个目标，在已知的解决方案中折叠部的端棱被熔化和镦锻成增大的支承面，其中构成一个共同的封闭的框架部件作为各个支承面的复合体。在端棱面的该共同的复合体上可以按简单的方式粘上或焊接密封条。因此，由按照DE4202769A1的解决方案已知带状材料的纵侧焊接。此外，EP0522692A2公开了一种开头所述类型的方法，用来在过滤垫中用多层的带构造该过滤垫，该带在其端侧被焊接。就构件清洁性高的过滤器最终产品的制造而言，已知的解决方案还有很多值得期望的。
由EP1249182A2已知一种多层的产品。将各层彼此叠放并且相互焊接。接着可以将如此形成的各区段沿着焊缝切分开。
US6451205B1教导，将过滤材料的多个层布置在一个装置中，该装置将所述多个层在边缘侧焊接并且将凸出的区段切下。
EP0498364A2公开了一种超声焊接装置。利用该装置可以将天然材料层或合成材料层相互焊接和切割。
US5632831A同样公开了一种设备，该设备具有用于组合式焊接和切割合成材料层的装置。
发明内容
鉴于该问题，本发明的目的在于，给出一种方法，该方法可简单实施并且保证制造构件清洁性高的最终产品。
按照本发明，该目的通过一种整体上具有如下特征的方法来实现：在用于形成适合于过滤流体的过滤垫的方法中，该过滤垫包括垫带的至少一个带段，形成至少一个使垫带的至少一个带段的各层彼此封接的焊接带，接着沿着所述至少一个焊接带实施至少一个切割，使得所述至少一个带段被切断，以形成至少一个封接的边缘区域，其特征在于，接着对带段进行打褶。
本发明的主要特殊性在于，接着沿着所述至少一个焊接带这样实施至少一个切割，使得所述至少一个带段被切断，以形成至少一个被封接的边缘区域。焊接带的在切割后保留在垫带侧边缘处的部分因此形成边缘封接部，通过该边缘封接部，所有层的各端部通过使各层塑料材料熔化的焊接过程被封接。这样阻止了在边缘处的穿线或纤维迁移。由此不仅达到所需的构件清洁性，因为最终产品是没有玻璃纤维颗粒的，而且可靠地避免了制造问题，如在操纵和继续加工时的各层分离。
在按本发明的方法的一种优选变型方案中，至少一个切割在相应的焊接带的内部与该焊接带的两个侧边缘间隔开地延伸。在这里，在切断垫带或所述至少一个带段时在两个侧边缘处构成封接的边缘区域。
此外有利的是，至少一个焊接带平行于垫带的纵向方向延伸。为此，可以沿着至少一个带段的侧边缘构成至少一个焊接带。按照特别有利的方式，当从一个相应宽度的垫带出发时，在垫带的内部除了沿着纵向边缘的切割之外，可以实施至少一个另外的纵向切割，该纵向切割把垫带分为各部分带，其中，在沿其实施所述另外的纵向切割之前，构成一个使垫带的各层彼此封接的另外的焊接带并且在该焊接带的内部与其两个侧边缘间隔开地实施所述另外的纵向切割。由此由一个垫带同时构成多个分别带有封接的纵向边缘的部分带，使得能够在生产速度高的同时达到特别合理的制造。
在按照本发明的方法的另一种优选变型方案中，把垫带横向于纵向方向地切分为至少两个带段。此外有利的是，至少一个焊接带横向于垫带的纵向方向延伸。特别优选地，至少一个焊接带沿着至少一个带段的横向边缘构成。此外可以有利地这样进行，即，在沿着切分区域把垫带或部分带切分为带段之前，构成使相应垫带或部分带的各层相互封接的、横向于纵向边缘延伸的附加的焊接带，以及切分通过切分切割实施，该切分切割在该附加的焊接带内部与其两个侧边缘间隔开地延伸。
由此不仅使纵向边缘防止纤维迁移或穿纱，而且在各带段的所有外边缘处存在边缘封接，使得存在全面的保护防止全部的纤维迁移。在按本发明的方法的一种优选变型方案中，至少一个带段矩形地构成和/或在所有的侧边缘、特别是纵向边缘和横向边缘处设有封接的边缘区域。
所述至少一个带段有利地成形为过滤垫。在此，所述至少一个带段可以在其沿垫带纵向方向延伸的或横向于垫带纵向方向延伸的各端部处彼此连接。典型地，过滤垫呈管形地构成。
在很多应用领域必须使用这样的过滤元件，在该过滤元件中过滤垫由比较大总数的单个层构成，其中，经常有六个层。当在一个工序中必须密封地彼此连接较大层数例如十二层，以便通过连接一个带段的各端部边缘而形成一个封闭的过滤垫时，特别是在敏感的过滤介质情况下产生焊接困难。与此相关的困难在本发明中由于在带段上存在的边缘封接而可以这样得以消除，即，为了形成具有预定总层数的过滤垫，使具有较小层数的带段以重合的、封接的边缘区域相互贴靠并且在封接的各边缘区域处相互连接。具有十二层过滤介质的过滤垫由此例如可以由两个预制的、即在边缘侧封接的、分别具有六层的带段形成，方式是，在已经封接的区域处执行焊接过程。由此借助保护性的焊接过程按可靠的方式可以达到密封的连接，而无须担心即使对敏感过滤介质的热损害。
所述连接可以特别有利地这样实施，即，在封接的边缘区域的外边缘处并且与封接的边缘区域的内边缘间隔开地实施焊接过程，由此敏感过滤介质特别有效地得到保护以防止热损害。
在特别优选的实施例中，在使用焊接添加物、例如置入在封接区域之间的由塑料材料构成的薄膜情况下形成焊接连接，其中，可以使用形成热熔粘合材料的焊接添加物、例如PBT薄膜。
当焊接过程通过激光焊接实施时，可以使用形成激光阻挡层的焊接添加物。
按照特别有利的方式为了制造过滤元件(在该过滤元件中管形过滤垫在至少一个轴向端部与由塑料构成的端盖的围框边缘连接)可以这样进行，即，通过将过滤垫的封接的边缘区域与围框边缘相焊接来实施连接。相对于常见的工作方式，该工作方式中过滤垫的敞开的、未封接的端部边缘粘接在相关的端盖中，此时存在未密封和缺少结构强度的危险，过滤垫的封接的边缘区域与端盖的焊接能实现最优的、可靠的和可合理地制造的连接。
按照本发明以特别有利的方式在这里这样进行布置，即，在过滤垫的封接的边缘区域处存在的焊接添加物在与端盖焊接时被用作热熔粘合剂形式的连接助剂。
附图说明
下面借助附图详细地阐述本发明。在附图中：
图1部分以端侧视图、部分以剖视图示出带有按本发明方法制造的过滤垫的过滤元件的内部部分；
图2示出用于产生制造过滤垫用打褶的部分段的制造流程的非常示意简化地绘制的视图；
图3和4示出非按比例的示意简图，表示用于边缘封接六层构造的垫带的焊接过程，通过超声波焊接装置或激光焊接装置来实施；
图5示出超声波焊接装置的非按比例的示意视图，该超声波焊接装置用于按现有技术在由十二层构造的过滤垫上制造常见的焊缝；
图6以相应示意的视图示出借助一用于执行本发明方法的超声波焊接装置来制造封接缝；
图7示出一超声波焊接装置的相应示意的视图，该超声波焊接装置用于在由两个按图6制造的六层垫带按本发明方法制成的十二层垫带上的封接缝；
图8示出按照现有技术在过滤垫与过滤元件端盖周边边缘之间的连接区域的概略的、非按比例的视图；以及
图9和10示出要按本发明方法制造的过滤元件的相同连接区域的与图8相应的视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出待制造的过滤元件的管形过滤垫1，该过滤垫锯齿形或打褶地被折叠。为了支撑过滤垫1，在过滤元件的内部设有一个金属的支撑管3，该支撑管设有流体通口。该过滤垫1多层地构造(这在图1中未进一步示出，但在图4中通过附图标记部分地可辨别)并且可以例如从外向内具有以下的层构造。
1.带有网结构的塑料格栅或金属丝织物或塑料织物(图4中的2)；
2.聚酯无纺布(图4中的4)；
3.玻璃纤维垫或熔吹无纺布(图4中的6)；
4.纸无纺布或聚酯无纺布(图4中的8)；
5.聚酯无纺布(图4中的4)；
6.带有网结构的塑料格栅或金属丝织物或塑料织物(图4中的2)。
对于更多层的构造，可以在上述六层的内部含有附加的支撑层。
当过滤垫1围绕支撑管3呈管形布置时，过滤垫1的两个彼此面对的端部5以一个锐角相向延伸，并且通过一个借助热焊接过程产生的焊缝7不可拆卸地相互连接。该焊缝7可以借助超声波焊接或激光焊接无须焊接添加物地实施，因为过滤垫1的更多层的层构造包含热焊接特性良好的材料，例如聚酰胺或聚酯材料。如参考附图6和7以及9和10进一步阐述的那样，但按本发明的方法也包含利用焊接添加物形成焊接连接。
图2表示用于管形过滤垫1的各带段的制造过程。在此，沿着在图2中从左向右延伸的工作或送进方向，一个未折叠的垫带9被送进到激光或超声波焊接单元11，其中的位于外部的或边缘侧的焊接单元11形成沿着垫带9纵向边缘延伸的焊接带13。这是这样形成的，即，垫带9的各个层，在实例中为六层，穿过层构造相互封接。在垫带9中居中的焊接单元11产生一个同类的焊接带15。随着这样形成的焊接带13、15，垫带9被向前送进到纵向切割器17，该纵向切割器在焊接带13、15中分别实施一个切割19，该切割在焊接带13、15的内部、在图1的视图中是居中的，使得垫带9在切割之后被分为部分带21，这些部分带分别具有封接的纵向边缘23。这些部分带21然后达到一示意表示的折叠机25。从该折叠机出来的、打褶的部分带21然后达到一缓冲存储器27，该缓冲存储器作为用于不同送进速度的补偿装置形成一个可变的带环29。部分带21然后从存储器27达到计数器和准备器31，该准备器按照打褶折叠部的分开数量形成伸展部位33，用于准备后续的焊接和切割过程，该焊接和切割过程在集成的焊接和切割装置35中实施。在该焊接和切割装置中实施垂直于送进方向延伸的切分切割37之前(该切分切割把部分带21切分为分开的带段39)，形成横向焊接带41，更确切地说按照与焊接带13和15相同的方式，其中，切分切割37也在焊接带41的内部居中地形成。
由此，带段39离开图2的制造装置，这些带段不仅在纵向边缘23处、而且在横向边缘处具有封接的焊接边43。换句话说，带段39绝对没有自由的、未封接的边缘，从而所形成的过滤垫的各层在所有侧都是封闭的，使得不可能有丝线或纤维材料从垫构造中迁移。同时由横向延伸的焊接带41形成的焊接边43用来在所形成的管形过滤垫1的相互贴靠的端部5处形成连接缝7(图1)。
图3和4以示意的、不按比例的视图示出形成焊接单元11的两种可能性，这些焊接单元用于形成在工作或纵向方向上延伸的焊接带13和15。在此，图3示出带有冲头形的超声焊极45和砧块47的超声波焊接单元。该砧块47在此通过一个轴线固定地设置的辊构成，而超声焊极45为了焊接过程是可运动的，如用双箭头49表示的那样。在所示的实例中，封接的焊接过程在六层构造的垫带9上实现。
图4按照相应的方式示出借助激光焊接装置形式的焊接单元11(进行)的封接的焊接过程，其中，一个位置固定的激光器51与一个未详细示出的激光阻挡层相结合地按常见的方式提供用于焊接过程的热能。为了达到良好的连接，激光器51可以设置在两侧、亦即设置在带的上面或下面。
如已经提到的那样，满足高要求的过滤元件设有过滤垫1，该过滤垫由比较多的层数构成。当在层数多的情况下实施对于制造过滤垫1所需要的焊接过程时，在按照现有技术的方法中是这样进行的，即：为了建立可靠的连接而强化地实施焊接过程，这会导致垫带敏感层的提高的热负荷；或者焊接过程以特殊的且耗费的方式实施，如这例如由WO01/05843A1公开的那样，其中，打褶的过滤垫的彼此面对的端部通过连接板条被固定，该连接板条至少部分地搭接该端部，其中，由可热变形的塑料构成的连接板条与过滤垫的端部焊接。同时焊接部位设有压制部。该图5表示按照现有技术借助强化的焊接过程在十二层的垫带53上形成焊接缝，该焊接过程通过超声波焊接在超声焊极45与砧块47之间实施。如所提到的那样，在这里发生带53的敏感层的高的热负荷。
与此相对，图6和7表示按本发明的工作方式，其中，从六层的带段39出发，该带段在其各边缘处分别设有封接部，通过该封接部形成封接的焊接边43。在两个各六层的带段39彼此贴靠之后进行焊接连接，以便现在不是在自由的端部边缘处、而是在已经封接的焊接边43处形成完成的、十二层的过滤垫1，其中，如图7中所示，产生可靠连接的焊接过程可以沿着外边缘54进行，也就是说，通过焊接边43的自由区域分开地、与带段39的内部层间隔开安全距离地进行，使得即使在外边缘54处实施强化的焊接过程情况下过滤垫1的各层也保持不受损害。
按照本发明方法制造的过滤垫1也能够实现在相应过滤垫1的各轴向端部与过滤元件的由塑料构成的端盖59的围框边缘57之间的特别合理和可靠的连接。在现有技术中，如在图8中所示，过滤垫1的未封接的边缘经由粘接载体61与端盖59和围框边缘57粘接。在按照现有技术的这种工作方式中存在不密封的危险。过滤垫1的折叠高度的公差也阻止通过端盖59保证过滤垫1的一直相同的应力。
在本发明中由于封接的焊接边43的存在而避免了上述的问题。如图9表示，封接的焊接边43可在不需要粘接载体的情况下直接与围框边缘57焊接。由塑料构成的围框边缘57和封接的焊接边43本身提供对于热焊接过程所需要的材料，从而焊接过程可以无须焊接添加物地实施并且实现密封且牢固的连接。与此相对，图10表示一种替代方案，其中在封接的焊接边43处设有焊接添加物63。在此涉及由聚丁烯对苯二甲酸酯构成的薄膜。这种PBT薄膜，如其以名称“Vestodur？”销售的那样，在热焊接过程中可以形成一种热熔粘合材料。此外，在借助激光焊接实施焊接过程时，这种添加物可以用作不透激光的激光阻挡层。

Claims (21)

1.用于形成适合于过滤流体的过滤垫(1)的方法，该过滤垫包括垫带(9)的至少一个带段(39)，其中，形成至少一个使垫带(9)的至少一个带段(39)的各层彼此封接的焊接带(13、15、41)，其中，接着沿着所述至少一个焊接带(13、15、41)实施至少一个切割(19、37)，使得所述至少一个带段(39)被切断，以形成至少一个封接的边缘区域(43)，其特征在于，接着对带段(39)进行打褶。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个切割(19、37)在相应的焊接带(13、15、41)内部与该焊接带的两个侧边缘间隔开地延伸。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个焊接带(13、15)平行于垫带(9)的纵向方向延伸。
4.按照权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个焊接带(13)沿着至少一个带段(39)的纵向边缘(23)构成。
5.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，把垫带(9)横向于纵向方向地切分为至少两个带段(39)。
6.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个焊接带(41)横向于垫带(9)的纵向方向延伸。
7.按照权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个焊接带(41)沿着至少一个带段(39)的横向边缘构成。
8.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个带段(39)矩形地构成和/或在所有的侧边缘处设有封接的边缘区域(43)。
9.按照权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，至少一个带段(39)在纵向边缘(23)和横向边缘处设有封接的边缘区域(43)。
10.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个带段(39)成形为过滤垫(1)。
11.按照权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个带段(39)在其沿垫带(9)纵向方向延伸的或横向于垫带纵向方向延伸的各端部(5)处彼此连接。
12.按照权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，过滤垫(1)呈管形地构成。
13.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，为了形成具有预定总层数的过滤垫(1)，使具有较小层数的带段(39)以重合的、封接的边缘区域(43)相互贴靠并且在封接的各边缘区域(43)处相互连接。
14.按照权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，这样实施所述连接，即，在封接的边缘区域(43)的外边缘(54)处并且与封接的边缘区域(43)的内边缘间隔开地实施焊接过程。
15.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在使用焊接添加物的情况下形成焊接连接。
16.按照权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述添加物是置入在封接的边缘区域之间的由塑料材料构成的薄膜(63)。
17.按照权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，使用形成热熔粘合材料的焊接添加物。
18.按照权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，使用PBT薄膜(63)。
19.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，通过激光焊接(51)实施焊接过程，以及使用形成激光阻挡层的焊接添加物(63)。
20.按照权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，管形的过滤垫(1)在至少一个轴向端部与由塑料构成的端盖(59)的围框边缘(57)连接，以及通过将过滤垫(1)的封接的边缘区域(43)与围框边缘(57)相焊接来实施连接。
21.按照权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，在过滤垫(1)的封接的边缘区域(43)处存在的焊接添加物(63)在与端盖(59)焊接时被用作热熔粘合剂形式的连接助剂。
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