CN102590474B - Fine water erosion simulation test device for slope channel system, and test method for fine water erosion simulation test device - Google Patents
Fine water erosion simulation test device for slope channel system, and test method for fine water erosion simulation test device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102590474B CN102590474B CN 201210027384 CN201210027384A CN102590474B CN 102590474 B CN102590474 B CN 102590474B CN 201210027384 CN201210027384 CN 201210027384 CN 201210027384 A CN201210027384 A CN 201210027384A CN 102590474 B CN102590474 B CN 102590474B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- runoff
- raceway groove
- slope
- residential quarter
- domatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a test device and a test method, which are used for researching the water erosion simulation of a slope channel system. The system comprises a bottom frame, and a slope runoff area and a channel runoff area which are connected with the bottom frame; one end of the bottom frame is connected with a travel wheel set, and the other end of the bottom frame is provided with a steering wheel set and a travel traction rod which is connected with the steering wheel set; the slope runoff area and the channel runoff area are both formed above the bottom frame; the end of the slope runoff area is hinged with the end of the channel runoff area; the other end of the channel runoff area is hinged with the travel wheel set end of the bottom frame; a channel lifting mechanism for controlling the channel runoff area to lift is arranged between the bottom frame and the channel runoff area; and a slope lifting mechanism for controlling the slope runoff area to lift is arranged between the bottom frame and the slope runoff area. The fine water erosion simulation test device has the advantages of manually tamping soil, transplanting plant, automatically adjusting the channel angles, freely moving the whole equipment, shortening a test period, and accurately simulating the water erosion process of soil under different site conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of testing equipment and test method thereof of studying domatic channel system water erosion process, especially relate to a kind of can according to testing requirements make different size the experimental plot, artificial tamp soil, transplant vegetation, automatically the adjusting test residential quarter the gradient, move freely Whole Equipment, shorten the test period, thereby can realize that the soil water erosion process is accurately simulated under the different land occupation conditions, each factor is on the impact of soil water erosion process and the meticulous simulation test device of domatic channel system water erosion and the test method thereof of Response Mechanism under the research different underlying surface condition.
Background technology
For a long time, soil erosion is the important ecological environment problem that China faces.The basic research work of water and soil conservation and erosion zone dynamic monitoring need to be carried out a large amount of indoor and field inspection experiments.Domatic channel system is the element in basin, simultaneously also be to corrode the elementary cell that occurs, thereby the experiment of the domatic channel system soil erosion and observation is the basic content of research soil and water conservation.
At present, the domatic channel system simulation experiment method of soil water erosion commonly used is to set up the experimental plot in the open air, normally be located at the designated area of institute's research topic, seek comparatively homogeneous of place's soil property, more consistent domatic of the gradient, make up the rectangle residential quarter of different lengths of grade and width according to the test needs, its small area is comprised of two parts: a part is the comparatively smooth domatic residential quarter of the gradient (gradient is selected 15 ° to 25 ° usually), another part is the comparatively precipitous raceway groove residential quarter of the gradient (gradient is selected 30 ° to 45 ° usually), re-use fragment of brick, domatic separating as the experimental plot around the materials such as asbestos tile are same with selected areas, the selected vegetation of plantation or the coating of maintenance nature in the residential quarter, the simultaneously terminal catchment port of laying in domatic residential quarter, the slope runoff measuring equipment.When rainfall occured the region, experimental plot, raindrop were exposed to the grogs on earth's surface with the certain speed bump under Action of Gravity Field, make it loose separation and transition occurs; Along with the increase of rainfall amount, the earth's surface of experimental plot forms the thin layer cross flow, and is rear because mima type microrelief forms the bank that falls that is interrupted in domatic part, through the continuous erosion effect of runoff, forms gradually the rill that connects the experimental plot, and finally develops into shallow ridges.Measure the erosion dynamic process of research raceway groove water erosion in the rainfall by flow and sediment concentration to experimental plot inlet place.
Traditional simulation experiment method is for we understand, the erosion dynamic process of the domatic channel system water erosion of understanding provides certain help, but it still exists following some deficiency, is restricting the erosion dynamic process that we deeply probe into domatic channel system water erosion.
1) open-air underlying surface condition is comparatively complicated, and the factors such as soil property, the gradient, mima type microrelief, ant cave, surface crust all can produce considerable influence to the slope water erosion result, and the quantitative effect of single Factors on Soil Erosion dynamic process is difficult to peel off;
2) test condition is difficult to accurate control, such as the control of the control of domatic, the raceway groove degree gradient and rainfall, raininess etc., causes comparatively accurate contrast test to be difficult to carry out, and has greatly restricted the further investigation of soil erosion process and mechanism;
3) in the process of the test only runoff process and the Sediment Transport Process to the exit, experimental plot observe, lack the measurement to the gathering ground Hydrodynamic Process, be difficult to disclose the dynamic process of domatic water erosion;
4) test needs to carry out under outdoor natural rainfall condition, be subject to the very big restriction of weather conditions, be difficult to study different rainfall amounts and rainfall intensity condition to the impact of slope water erosion process comprehensively, field condition is unfavorable for accurate measurement and the collection of test parameters simultaneously, and often follow thunder and lightning at the field natural rainfall in summer that test optimum season, heavy rain take place frequently, directly threatening the testing crew life security;
5) existing test condition and testing equipment are comparatively backward, are difficult to realization to the quantitative observation of domatic channel system water erosion process etching pattern and erosion amount.
In sum, need to improve traditional soil domatic channel system water erosion simulated test facility and method at present, in the hope of faster, carry out better observation experiment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned traditional experiment observation technology, a kind of experimental plot that can make according to testing requirements different size is provided, the artificial soil that tamps, transplant vegetation, the gradient of automatic adjusting test residential quarter, move freely Whole Equipment, shorten the test period, thereby can reduce enchancement factor to the impact of process of the test, realize that the soil water erosion process is accurately simulated under the different land occupation conditions, each factor is on the impact of soil water erosion process and the meticulous simulation test device of domatic channel system water erosion and the test method thereof of Response Mechanism under the more accurate study different underlying surface condition.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the meticulous simulation test device of a kind of domatic channel system water erosion, comprise underframe, the slope runoff residential quarter that links to each other with underframe and raceway groove runoff plots, one end of described underframe is provided with the walking wheels, the other end be provided with turn to wheels with the walking towbar that turns to wheels to link to each other, described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots all are arranged on the top of underframe, the end of described slope runoff residential quarter and the end of described raceway groove runoff plots are hinged, the walking wheels end of the other end of described raceway groove runoff plots and described underframe is hinged, be provided with the raceway groove elevating mechanism of control raceway groove runoff plots lifting between described underframe and the described raceway groove runoff plots, be provided with the domatic elevating mechanism of control slope runoff residential quarter lifting between described underframe and the described slope runoff residential quarter.
The dead ahead of described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner, directly over be provided with rain controller, the hinged end of described raceway groove runoff plots and underframe is provided with the catchment port that is connected with the raceway groove runoff plots.
Described slope runoff residential quarter by domatic groove, walk on stage and guardrail forms wherein said walk on stage and described guardrail is successively set on the both sides of described domatic groove from inside to outside; Described raceway groove runoff plots by channel groove, walk on stage and guardrail forms wherein said walk on stage and described guardrail is successively set on the both sides of described channel groove from inside to outside.
Described raceway groove elevating mechanism and described domatic elevating mechanism form by hydraulic lifting arm, the bottom that the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of wherein said raceway groove elevating mechanism is hinged on the underframe, free end is hinged on described channel groove and described domatic groove hinged end, the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of described domatic elevating mechanism is hinged on the underframe, free end is hinged on the free-ended bottom of described domatic groove.
Described domatic groove all is the rectangular-shaped structures that become by Plate Welding with described channel groove, and the centre of described domatic groove and described channel groove is provided with demarcation strip.
Described domatic groove and described channel groove big or small identical, described demarcation strip is the PVC plate
Be provided with the detection distance between described three-dimensional laser scanner and described slope runoff residential quarter and the described raceway groove runoff plots, the sweep limit of described three-dimensional laser scanner can cover described slope runoff residential quarter and described raceway groove runoff plots.
Be provided with the rainfall distance between described rain controller and described slope runoff residential quarter and the described raceway groove runoff plots, the final speed of the raindrop of described rain controller landing can reach at the uniform velocity state.
Also be provided with the electrical control cubicles of the described raceway groove elevating mechanism of control and described domatic elevating mechanism running on the described underframe.
A kind of method of utilizing the meticulous simulation test device of described domatic channel system water erosion to carry out artificially-simulated rainfall water erosion test, its step is as follows:
Step 1: at first fetch earth from the field according to testing requirements, after then the soil of fetching being sieved, place in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter slicing and filling, compacting and control the soil weight;
Step 2: be seated in the soil weight in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter according to step 1, determine the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter and duration and the intensity of rain controller simulated rainfall, start elevating mechanism and respectively the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter is adjusted to the required gradient of test, regulate the rainfall intensity of rain controller and rainfall intensity is carried out calibration;
Step 3: be filled with in step 1 on the raceway groove runoff plots of soil and the slope runoff residential quarter and according to the test demand several equidistant inspection surfaces be set respectively, then the soil watering in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter makes topsoil be tending towards saturated;
Step 4: open rain controller and make rain controller carry out continuous rainfall according to the calibration raininess of step 2 setting, the soil Slope-Runoff begins timing in the raceway groove runoff plots, take 2 minutes as the time interval, use microwave reflection current meter or coloring agent method to measure cross-sectional flow at the equidistant inspection surface place that step 3 arranges, use that laser chaining pin or steel ruler measure that the stream of soil slope runoff in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is wide, flow depth and raceway groove developmental state; Use simultaneously water erosion measuring system or bucket to measure the run-off of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter at the catchment port place, calculate the silt content of corresponding period by oven drying method;
Step 5: in whole process of the test, use three-dimensional laser scanner that the domatic form of soil in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is scanned, the test figure that integrating step 4 records, the etching pattern of the domatic channel system water erosion of soil and water erosion amount in accurate measure raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter.
The present invention has following positive effect: be provided with the walking wheels on the underframe of the meticulous simulation test device of the domatic channel system water erosion of the present invention, turn to wheels and towbar, be convenient to like this movement of the meticulous simulation test device of the domatic channel system water erosion of the present invention, make this device more flexible, in the time of need to carrying out natural rainfall observation, the present invention can be moved to outdoorly, and also can under sprinkler, test; Described slope runoff residential quarter and described raceway groove runoff plots are hinged, can relatively rotate each other, wherein said raceway groove runoff plots is hinged on the underframe, described like this raceway groove runoff plots and described underframe can relatively rotate, and also be respectively arranged with domatic elevating mechanism and raceway groove elevating mechanism between described slope runoff residential quarter and described raceway groove runoff plots and the described underframe, the gradient that can automatically regulate slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots by domatic elevating mechanism and raceway groove elevating mechanism like this, the slope runoff residential quarter gradient can be regulated arbitrarily between 0 ° ~ 30 °, the raceway groove runoff plots gradient can be regulated arbitrarily between 20 ° ~ 45 °, simple to operate, applied widely, regulate rapidly, satisfied the multifarious demand of experiment, can be used for multiple dimensioned soil erosion study, in addition, when the gradient of slope runoff residential quarter transfers to 0 °, this system can do the channel part conversion domatic, carry out 20 ° ~ 45 ° slope runoff district observation experiment, convenient and swift, kill two birds with one stone; Described slope runoff residential quarter by domatic groove and be arranged on domatic groove both sides walk on stage and guardrail form, described raceway groove runoff plots by channel groove and be arranged on the channel groove both sides walk on stage and guardrail form, the researchist is when using the present invention to do experiment like this, even under the rugged surroundings such as night, thunderstorm, still can continue operation observes, shorten experimental period, save time and safety coefficient higher; In addition, the present invention can be artificial tamps soil, transplant vegetation, makes different changes according to requirement of experiment, and then can effectively shorten experimental period, draws faster experiment conclusion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that slope runoff of the present invention residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots are at the structural drawing of extreme higher position state.
Fig. 2 is that slope runoff of the present invention residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots are at the structural drawing of extreme lower position state.
Among the figure: 1, walking wheels 2, underframe 3, channel groove 4, guardrail 5, raceway groove elevating mechanism 6, electrical control cubicles 7, walk on stage 8, domatic groove 9, domatic elevating mechanism 10, turn to wheels 11, walking towbar 12, rain controller 13, three-dimensional laser scanner.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Embodiment 1
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the meticulous simulation test device of a kind of domatic channel system water erosion, comprise underframe 2, the slope runoff residential quarter that links to each other with underframe 2 and raceway groove runoff plots, one end of described underframe 2 is provided with walking wheels 1, the other end be provided with turn to wheels 10 with the walking towbar 11 that turns to wheels 10 to link to each other, described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots all are arranged on the top of underframe 2, the end of described slope runoff residential quarter and the end of described raceway groove runoff plots are hinged, the walking wheels end of the other end of described raceway groove runoff plots and described underframe is hinged, be provided with the raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 of control raceway groove ditch runoff plots lifting between described underframe 2 and the described raceway groove runoff plots, be provided with the domatic elevating mechanism 9 of control slope runoff residential quarter lifting between described underframe 2 and the described slope runoff residential quarter.
The dead ahead of described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner 13, directly over be provided with rain controller 12, described raceway groove runoff plots and underframe 2 hinged ends are provided with the catchment port that is connected with the raceway groove runoff plots.
Utilize the meticulous simulation test device of embodiment 1 described domatic channel system water erosion to carry out the method for artificially-simulated rainfall water erosion test, its step is as follows:
Step 1: at first fetch earth from the field according to testing requirements, after then the soil of fetching being sieved, place in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter slicing and filling, compacting and control the soil weight;
Step 2: be seated in the soil weight in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter according to step 1, determine the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter and duration and the intensity of rain controller 12 simulated rainfalls, start elevating mechanism and respectively the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter is adjusted to the required gradient of test, regulate the rainfall intensity of rain controller 12 and rainfall intensity is carried out calibration;
Step 3: be filled with in step 1 on the raceway groove runoff plots of soil and the slope runoff residential quarter and according to the test demand several equidistant inspection surfaces be set respectively, then the soil watering in the runoff plots makes topsoil be tending towards saturated;
Step 4: open rain controller 12 and make rain controller 12 carry out continuous rainfall according to the calibration raininess of step 2 setting, the soil Slope-Runoff begins timing in the raceway groove runoff plots, take 2 minutes as the time interval, use microwave reflection current meter or coloring agent method to measure cross-sectional flow at the equidistant inspection surface place that step 3 arranges, use that laser chaining pin or steel ruler measure that the stream of soil slope runoff in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is wide, flow depth and raceway groove developmental state; Use simultaneously water erosion measuring system or bucket to measure the run-off of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter at the catchment port place, calculate the silt content of corresponding period by oven drying method;
Step 5: the domatic form of soil scans in use 13 pairs of raceway groove runoff plots of three-dimensional laser scanner and the slope runoff residential quarter in whole process of the test, the test figure that integrating step 4 records, the etching pattern of the domatic channel system water erosion of soil and water erosion amount in accurate measure raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter.
Testing the gradient that shows the slope runoff residential quarter can regulate arbitrarily between 0 ° ~ 30 °, and the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots can be regulated arbitrarily between 20 ° ~ 45 °.The present invention can regulate by the research object requirement gradient of slope runoff residential quarter, raceway groove runoff plots like this, test, shortened experimental period greatly, improved efficient, saved the time, for the research of soil erosion scale problem provides a kind of new technological means.
After off-test, by external force walking wheels 1, turn to the wheels 10 mobile apparatus of the present invention that match with the towbar 11 of walking, be convenient to depositing and cutting to of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the meticulous simulation test device of a kind of domatic channel system water erosion, comprise underframe 2, the slope runoff residential quarter that links to each other with underframe 2 and raceway groove runoff plots, one end of described underframe 2 is provided with walking wheels 1, the other end be provided with turn to wheels 10 with the walking towbar 11 that turns to wheels 10 to link to each other, described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots all are arranged on the top of underframe 2, the end of described slope runoff residential quarter and the end of described raceway groove runoff plots are hinged, the walking wheels end of the other end of described raceway groove runoff plots and described underframe is hinged, be provided with the raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 of control raceway groove ditch runoff plots lifting between described underframe 2 and the described raceway groove runoff plots, be provided with the domatic elevating mechanism 9 of control slope runoff residential quarter lifting between described underframe 2 and the described slope runoff residential quarter.
Described slope runoff residential quarter and the dead ahead be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner 13, directly over be provided with rain controller 12, described raceway groove runoff plots and underframe 2 hinged ends are provided with the catchment port that is connected with the raceway groove runoff plots.
Described slope runoff residential quarter by domatic groove 8, walk on stage 7 and guardrail 4 form, wherein said walk on stage 7 and described guardrail 4 be successively set on from inside to outside the both sides of described domatic groove 8; Described raceway groove runoff plots by channel groove 3, walk on stage 7 and guardrail 4 form, wherein said walk on stage 7 and described guardrail 4 be successively set on from inside to outside the both sides of described channel groove 3.
Described raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 and described domatic elevating mechanism 9 form by hydraulic lifting arm, the bottom that the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of wherein said raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 is hinged on the underframe 2, free end is hinged on described channel groove 3 and described domatic groove 8 hinged ends, the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of described domatic elevating mechanism 9 is hinged on the underframe 2, free end is hinged on described domatic groove 8 free-ended bottoms.
Utilize the meticulous simulation test device of embodiment 2 described domatic channel system water erosions to carry out the method for artificially-simulated rainfall water erosion test, its step is as follows:
Step 1: at first fetch earth from the field according to testing requirements, after then the soil of fetching being sieved, place in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter slicing and filling, compacting and control the soil weight;
Step 2: be seated in the soil weight in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter according to step 1, determine the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter and duration and the intensity of rain controller 12 simulated rainfalls, start elevating mechanism and respectively the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter is adjusted to the required gradient of test, regulate the rainfall intensity of rain controller 12 and rainfall intensity is carried out calibration;
Step 3: be filled with in step 1 on the raceway groove runoff plots of soil and the slope runoff residential quarter and according to the test demand several equidistant inspection surfaces be set respectively, then the soil watering in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter makes topsoil be tending towards saturated;
Step 4: open rain controller 12 and make rain controller 12 carry out continuous rainfall according to the calibration raininess of step 2 setting, the soil Slope-Runoff begins timing in the raceway groove runoff plots, take 2 minutes as the time interval, use microwave reflection current meter or coloring agent method to measure cross-sectional flow at the equidistant inspection surface place that step 3 arranges, use that laser chaining pin or steel ruler measure that the stream of soil slope runoff in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is wide, flow depth and raceway groove developmental state; Use simultaneously water erosion measuring system or bucket to measure the run-off of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter at the catchment port place, calculate the silt content of corresponding period by oven drying method;
Step 5: the domatic form of soil scans in use 13 pairs of raceway groove runoff plots of three-dimensional laser scanner and the slope runoff residential quarter in whole process of the test, the test figure that integrating step 4 records, the etching pattern of the domatic channel system water erosion of soil and water erosion amount in accurate measure raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter.
Testing the gradient that shows the slope runoff residential quarter can regulate arbitrarily between 0 ° ~ 30 °, and the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots can be regulated arbitrarily between 20 ° ~ 45 °.The present invention can regulate by the research object requirement gradient of slope runoff residential quarter, raceway groove runoff plots like this, test, shortened experimental period greatly, improved efficient, saved the time, for the research of soil erosion scale problem provides a kind of new technological means.
After off-test, by external force walking wheels 1, turn to the wheels 10 mobile apparatus of the present invention that match with the towbar 11 of walking, be convenient to depositing and cutting to of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the meticulous simulation test device of a kind of domatic channel system water erosion, comprise underframe 2, the slope runoff residential quarter that links to each other with underframe 2 and raceway groove runoff plots, one end of described underframe 2 is provided with walking wheels 1, the other end be provided with turn to wheels 10 with the walking towbar 11 that turns to wheels 10 to link to each other, described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots all are arranged on the top of underframe 2, the end of described slope runoff residential quarter and the end of described raceway groove runoff plots are hinged, the walking wheels end of the other end of described raceway groove runoff plots and described underframe is hinged, be provided with the raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 of control raceway groove ditch runoff plots lifting between described underframe 2 and the described raceway groove runoff plots, be provided with the domatic elevating mechanism 9 of control slope runoff residential quarter lifting between described underframe 2 and the described slope runoff residential quarter.
Described slope runoff residential quarter and the dead ahead be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner 13, directly over be provided with rain controller 12, described raceway groove runoff plots and underframe 2 hinged ends are provided with the catchment port that is connected with the raceway groove runoff plots.
Described slope runoff residential quarter by domatic groove 8, walk on stage 7 and guardrail 4 form, wherein said walk on stage 7 and described guardrail 4 be successively set on from inside to outside the both sides of described domatic groove 8; Described raceway groove runoff plots by channel groove 3, walk on stage 7 and guardrail 4 form, wherein said walk on stage 7 and described guardrail 4 be successively set on from inside to outside the both sides of described channel groove 3.
Described raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 and described domatic elevating mechanism 9 form by hydraulic lifting arm, the bottom that the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of wherein said raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 is hinged on the underframe 2, free end is hinged on described channel groove 3 and described domatic groove 8 hinged ends, the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of described domatic elevating mechanism 9 is hinged on the underframe 2, free end is hinged on described domatic groove 8 free-ended bottoms.
Described domatic groove 8 all is the rectangular-shaped structures that become by Plate Welding with described channel groove 3, and the centre of described domatic groove 8 and described channel groove 3 is provided with demarcation strip.
Described domatic groove 8 and described channel groove 3 big or small identical, described demarcation strip is the PVC plate
Be provided with the detection distance between described three-dimensional laser scanner 13 and described slope runoff residential quarter and the described raceway groove runoff plots, the sweep limit of described three-dimensional laser scanner 13 can cover described slope runoff residential quarter and described raceway groove runoff plots.
Be provided with the rainfall distance between described rain controller 12 and described slope runoff residential quarter and the described raceway groove runoff plots, the final speed of the raindrop of described rain controller 12 landing can reach at the uniform velocity state.
Also be provided with the electrical control cubicles 6 of the described raceway groove elevating mechanism 5 of control and 9 runnings of described domatic elevating mechanism on the described underframe 2.
Utilize the meticulous simulation test device of embodiment 3 described domatic channel system water erosions to carry out the method for artificially-simulated rainfall water erosion test, its step is as follows:
Step 1: at first fetch earth from the field according to testing requirements, after then the soil of fetching being sieved, place in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter slicing and filling, compacting and control the soil weight;
Step 2: be seated in the soil weight in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter according to step 1, determine the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter and duration and the intensity of rain controller 12 simulated rainfalls, start elevating mechanism and respectively the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter is adjusted to the required gradient of test, regulate the rainfall intensity of rain controller 12 and rainfall intensity is carried out calibration;
Step 3: be filled with in step 1 on the raceway groove runoff plots of soil and the slope runoff residential quarter and according to the test demand several equidistant inspection surfaces be set respectively, then the soil watering in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter makes topsoil be tending towards saturated;
Step 4: open rain controller 12 and make rain controller 12 carry out continuous rainfall according to the calibration raininess of step 2 setting, the soil Slope-Runoff begins timing in the raceway groove runoff plots, take 2 minutes as the time interval, use microwave reflection current meter or coloring agent method to measure cross-sectional flow at the equidistant inspection surface place that step 3 arranges, use that laser chaining pin or steel ruler measure that the stream of soil slope runoff in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is wide, flow depth and raceway groove developmental state; Use simultaneously water erosion measuring system or bucket to measure the run-off of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter at the catchment port place, calculate the silt content of corresponding period by oven drying method;
Step 5: the domatic form of soil scans in use 13 pairs of raceway groove runoff plots of three-dimensional laser scanner and the slope runoff residential quarter in whole process of the test, the test figure that integrating step 4 records, the etching pattern of the domatic channel system water erosion of soil and water erosion amount in accurate measure raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter.
Testing the gradient that shows the slope runoff residential quarter can regulate arbitrarily between 0 ° ~ 30 °, and the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots can be regulated arbitrarily between 20 ° ~ 45 °.The present invention can regulate by the research object requirement gradient of slope runoff residential quarter, raceway groove runoff plots like this, test, shortened experimental period greatly, improved efficient, saved the time, for the research of soil erosion scale problem provides a kind of new technological means.
After off-test, by external force walking wheels 1, turn to the wheels 10 mobile apparatus of the present invention that match with the towbar 11 of walking, be convenient to depositing and cutting to of apparatus of the present invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also comprises these changes and modification.
The content that is not described in detail in this instructions belongs to the known prior art of this area professional and technical personnel.
Claims (2)
1. meticulous simulation test device of domatic channel system water erosion, the slope runoff residential quarter that comprise underframe, links to each other with underframe and raceway groove runoff plots is characterized in that:
One end of described underframe is provided with the walking wheels, the other end be provided with turn to wheels with the walking towbar that turns to wheels to link to each other, described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots all are arranged on the top of underframe, the end of described slope runoff residential quarter and the end of described raceway groove runoff plots are hinged, the walking wheels end of the other end of described raceway groove runoff plots and described underframe is hinged, be provided with the raceway groove elevating mechanism of control raceway groove runoff plots lifting between described underframe and the described raceway groove runoff plots, be provided with the domatic elevating mechanism of control slope runoff residential quarter lifting between described underframe and the described slope runoff residential quarter;
The dead ahead of described slope runoff residential quarter and raceway groove runoff plots be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner, directly over be provided with rain controller, be provided with the detection distance between described three-dimensional laser scanner and described slope runoff residential quarter and the described raceway groove runoff plots, the sweep limit of described three-dimensional laser scanner can cover described slope runoff residential quarter and described raceway groove runoff plots; Be provided with the rainfall distance between described rain controller and described slope runoff residential quarter and the described raceway groove runoff plots, the final speed of the raindrop of described rain controller landing can reach at the uniform velocity state;
The hinged end of described raceway groove runoff plots and underframe is provided with the catchment port that is connected with the raceway groove runoff plots; Described slope runoff residential quarter by domatic groove, walk on stage and guardrail forms wherein said walk on stage and described guardrail is successively set on the both sides of described domatic groove from inside to outside; Described raceway groove runoff plots by channel groove, walk on stage and guardrail forms wherein said walk on stage and described guardrail is successively set on the both sides of described channel groove from inside to outside;
Described raceway groove elevating mechanism and described domatic elevating mechanism form by hydraulic lifting arm, the bottom that the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of wherein said raceway groove elevating mechanism is hinged on the underframe, free end is hinged on described channel groove and described domatic groove hinged end, the stiff end of the hydraulic lifting arm of described domatic elevating mechanism is hinged on the underframe, free end is hinged on the free-ended bottom of described domatic groove; Described domatic groove all is the rectangular-shaped structures that become by Plate Welding with described channel groove, and the centre of described domatic groove and described channel groove is provided with demarcation strip; Described domatic groove and described channel groove big or small identical, described demarcation strip is the PVC plate; Also be provided with the electrical control cubicles of the described raceway groove elevating mechanism of control and described domatic elevating mechanism running on the described underframe.
2. one kind is utilized the meticulous simulation test device of domatic channel system water erosion as claimed in claim 1 to carry out the method that the artificially-simulated rainfall water erosion is tested, and it is characterized in that: its step is as follows:
Step 1: at first fetch earth from the field according to testing requirements, after then the soil of fetching being sieved, place in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter slicing and filling, compacting and control the soil weight;
Step 2: be seated in the soil weight in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter according to step 1, determine the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter and duration and the intensity of rain controller simulated rainfall, start elevating mechanism and respectively the gradient of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter is adjusted to the required gradient of test, regulate the rainfall intensity of rain controller and rainfall intensity is carried out calibration;
Step 3: be filled with in step 1 on the raceway groove runoff plots of soil and the slope runoff residential quarter and according to the test demand several equidistant inspection surfaces be set respectively, then the soil watering in the runoff plots makes topsoil be tending towards saturated;
Step 4: open rain controller and make rain controller carry out continuous rainfall according to the calibration raininess of step 2 setting, the soil Slope-Runoff begins timing in the raceway groove runoff plots, take 2 minutes as the time interval, use microwave reflection current meter or coloring agent method to measure cross-sectional flow at the equidistant inspection surface place that step 3 arranges, use that laser chaining pin or steel ruler measure that the stream of soil slope runoff in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is wide, flow depth and raceway groove developmental state; Use simultaneously water erosion measuring system or bucket to measure the run-off of raceway groove runoff plots and slope runoff residential quarter at the catchment port place, calculate the silt content of corresponding period by oven drying method;
Step 5: in whole process of the test, use three-dimensional laser scanner that the domatic form of soil in raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter is scanned, the test figure that integrating step 4 records, the etching pattern of the domatic channel system water erosion of soil and water erosion amount in accurate measure raceway groove runoff plots and the slope runoff residential quarter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210027384 CN102590474B (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Fine water erosion simulation test device for slope channel system, and test method for fine water erosion simulation test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210027384 CN102590474B (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Fine water erosion simulation test device for slope channel system, and test method for fine water erosion simulation test device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102590474A CN102590474A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CN102590474B true CN102590474B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
Family
ID=46479404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210027384 Active CN102590474B (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2012-02-08 | Fine water erosion simulation test device for slope channel system, and test method for fine water erosion simulation test device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102590474B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106930227A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-07 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | A kind of pipeline preparation method of reservoir area model |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103091462B (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2015-03-11 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for determining anti-flooding and anti-scouring performances of aquatic plants |
| CN103105480B (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2015-08-05 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Measure the simulation experiment method of coombe ditch bed vegetation to runoff energy dissipating and sediment trapping effect |
| CN104008689B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-05-25 | 山东科技大学 | For slope flow multithread to and the simulated experiment platform of assignment of traffic algorithm |
| CN104374894B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Small watershed different geomorphologic units water erosion process fine analog test method |
| CN104123875B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-03-02 | 重庆大学 | A kind of tailing dam overflows the top experimental provision of crash simulation and experimental technique |
| CN104569349A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-04-29 | 东北大学 | Analysis testing device for simulating influences of rainfall and moisture content on side slope stability |
| CN105043910B (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-10-27 | 同济大学 | A kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect |
| CN105258719B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-06-30 | 四川大学 | Many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water method of testings |
| CN105486601B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2019-01-15 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The test structure model that the method and this method for simulating the erosion of dam spillwag chute use |
| CN105699628A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-22 | 吉林大学 | Simulation test system integrating start, migration and accumulation of debris flow |
| CN106526125A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-22 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Dual-varying-slope erosion groove and interflow determining instrument and determining method thereof |
| CN109425722A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-05 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A kind of runoff of sloping field and corrode sink experimental provision |
| CN107621438B (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2020-08-11 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Dynamic monitoring method for coupling slope terrain evolution and water erosion process |
| CN108507894B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-26 | 四川大学 | A kind of simulation bulk solid slope pulls force test system and test method when slope runoff washes away |
| CN109580915B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2023-09-29 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Physical simulation device and simulation method for hydraulic erosion migration process |
| CN110244019A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-17 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of runoff laboratory vehicle and the soil water go out to flow observation system |
| CN110632277B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-28 | 中国农业大学 | Method and device for measuring sand conveying capacity of concentrated water flow |
| CN111796075B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2023-03-28 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Terrace-structured device for simulating slope surface water and soil loss and non-point source pollution |
| CN112289112B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-12-14 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Changeable slope formula runoff field water erosion simulation teaching system |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201556340U (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-08-18 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Movable type adjustable rainfall simulator |
| CN101661030A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中山大学 | Side slope scouring-resistance indoor model test equipment |
| CN201740777U (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-02-09 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Rapid measurement system for measuring slope soil erosion |
| CN101915825B (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2013-08-14 | 天津大学 | Simulation test device and test method for grassed swales |
| CN102253180B (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2013-11-13 | 中国农业大学 | Remote real-time monitoring system for soil runoff |
| CN102331489B (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System for testing physical model for large-scale landslides under action of multiple factors |
-
2012
- 2012-02-08 CN CN 201210027384 patent/CN102590474B/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106930227A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-07 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | A kind of pipeline preparation method of reservoir area model |
| CN106930227B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2020-01-24 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Flow line manufacturing method of reservoir model |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102590474A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102590474B (en) | Fine water erosion simulation test device for slope channel system, and test method for fine water erosion simulation test device | |
| CN102590475B (en) | Fine simulation test device and fine simulation test method for slope water erosion | |
| CN104374894B (en) | Small watershed different geomorphologic units water erosion process fine analog test method | |
| Moody et al. | Current research issues related to post-wildfire runoff and erosion processes | |
| KR101195407B1 (en) | Adjustable debris flow flume with multi-open channels and roughness in channels | |
| CN104792945B (en) | A kind of rockfill washes away analogue experiment installation and experimental data acquisition method | |
| CN103245772A (en) | Indoor analog experiment device for roadbed slope erosion | |
| CN103604907B (en) | Environmental evolution and impermeable failure analog simulation system for refuse landfill closure coverage system | |
| Li et al. | Overland flow time of concentration on very flat terrains | |
| Likitlersuang et al. | Performance of geosynthetic cementitious composite mat and vetiver on soil erosion control | |
| CN107621438B (en) | Dynamic monitoring method for coupling slope terrain evolution and water erosion process | |
| Grabosky et al. | Seventeen years’ growth of street trees in structural soil compared with a tree lawn in New York City | |
| CN201697855U (en) | Rainfall erosion monitoring groove | |
| Zumr et al. | Identification of prevailing storm runoff generation mechanisms in an intensively cultivated catchment | |
| Zhang et al. | Analysis of complex erosion models and their implication in the transport of Pisha sandstone sediments | |
| CN108152476A (en) | A kind of Gu Gou protects plateau engineering measure simulator and its analogy method and application | |
| Rainwater et al. | Comprehensive monitoring systems for measuring subgrade moisture conditions | |
| CN114705826A (en) | Indoor artificial rainfall and monitoring slope stability device | |
| CN202133567U (en) | Non-point source pollution control flow concentration system | |
| Snow et al. | Predicting soil water, tile drainage, and runoff in a mole‐tile drained soil | |
| CN201465405U (en) | Farmland nutrient loss approach simulating device | |
| CN207571131U (en) | A kind of simulator that Gu Gou is examined to protect plateau engineering measure effect | |
| Kranz et al. | Collection and monitoring of one-meter cubic soil monoliths for leaching studies | |
| CZ2011245A3 (en) | Continuous infiltrometer | |
| CN217305159U (en) | Indoor artificial rainfall and monitoring slope stability device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |