CN102585862A - Method and device for biomass comprehensive transformation - Google Patents
Method and device for biomass comprehensive transformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102585862A CN102585862A CN2011100096335A CN201110009633A CN102585862A CN 102585862 A CN102585862 A CN 102585862A CN 2011100096335 A CN2011100096335 A CN 2011100096335A CN 201110009633 A CN201110009633 A CN 201110009633A CN 102585862 A CN102585862 A CN 102585862A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A device for biomass comprehensive transformation comprises a pyrolysis pool, a tri-state purification and separation device, a standing separation device, a gas purification device and a gas storage tank. The pyrolysis pool is connected with the tri-state purification and separation device which is connected with the standing separation device and the gas purification device, and the gas purification device is connected with the gas storage tank. The device for the biomass comprehensive transformation further comprises a pneumatic device which is arranged in a connecting pipeline of the tri-state purification and separation device and the gas purification device. A method and the device for the biomass comprehensive transformation are adopted to transform biomass into biomass fuel gas, biomass wood vinegar liquid, biomass tar and the like or biomass charcoal, biomass fuel gas, biomass wood vinegar liquid and biomass tar, collect and utilize the biomass completely, and have no problem of secondary environmental pollution. Biomass transformation speed is 0.5t/h-1.5t/h. The method and the device for the biomass comprehensive transformation are simple in structure, easy to operate and suitable for countries, and simplify a pyrolysis device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to comprehensive method for transformation of a kind of biomass and device, relate to particularly that a kind of technology is compound, function is integrated, the comprehensive method for transformation of biomass and the device of fecund article output, be applicable to the needs of founding the factory with village (town).
Background technology
Gasification, charing method and the device etc. of Wood Adhesives from Biomass utilization at present all belong to technology, function singleness.Its conversion system technology maturation, product performance be stable, simple in structure, be convenient to grasp, maintainability is good, but that conversion product utilizes is single, and its sub product is not collected and utilized and abandon it, causes secondary environmental pollution; The mechanical direct returning to farmland that Wood Adhesives from Biomass is utilized is technological, because biomass are corroded slowly through pyroprocessing and soil stalk, causes disease and pest and farm crop in soil, to hang root and the underproduction; Extensive biomass use device, the biomass requirement is big, and it is big to collect radius, because the existing dispersion production structure of biomass material characteristic and rural area form causes collecting, transports, stores difficulty.
For example: 1 gasifying biomass central gas supply device utilizes gasification process and device; Produce biological flue gas; Biological tar in the biological flue gas, biological acetic acid are discharged not collection utilization with sewage and are discarded in biological flue gas washing, purifying process; Cause soil and pollution of waterhead, biological flue gas is coal-tar middle oil, the acetic acid treatment and purification is not thorough, causes the gas transmission pipeline net work occluding device can not connect normal operation; 2 biomass charing devices are to utilize single charing method to generate charcoal, and the combustion gas of generation thing, biological tar, biological vinegar mixed gas drain in the air collection and utilize and discard in the carbonization process, cause air, soil, pollution of waterhead, can not move continuously; 3 biomass moulding device system biomass molding fuels need biomass material is dried, pulverized, and the moulding power consumption is big, the moulding cost is high, be difficult to normal operation; 4 extensive biomass fermentation power plant, because the biomass requirement is big, biomass material unit weight is little, produce and disperse, collect that radius causes greatly collecting, transportation, store difficulty, cost is high, causes extensive biomass fermentation power plant's loss operation or stops production.
In order to address the above problem, the Wood Adhesives from Biomass method and apparatus of comprehensive utilization has appearred in recent years, like a kind of biomass processing device of number of patent application 200920257938, a kind of method for comprehensively manufacturing biomass of number of patent application 200910172512.But the problem that these apparatus and method exist is: it is to utilize destructive distillation pyrolytic method and apparatus, complex equipments, and operation is difficult, and pyrolysis feed is required height, and power consumption is high, and deficiency in economic performance is not suitable for the rural area and uses; Proportion of products is fixed, can not be according to concrete needs, and selectivity is produced required product.
This shows that above-mentioned prior biological matter method for transformation obviously still has inconvenience and defective with device, and demands urgently further improving.In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, relevant manufacturer there's no one who doesn't or isn't seeks solution painstakingly, but does not see always that for a long time suitable design is developed completion.Therefore how to found comprehensive method for transformation of a kind of new biomass and device, real one of the current important research and development problem that belongs to, also becoming the current industry utmost point needs improved target.
Because the inconvenience and the defective of above-mentioned prior biological matter method for transformation and device existence; The inventor is based on being engaged in this type of product design manufacturing abundant for many years practical experience and expertise; And cooperate the utilization of studying the science, actively study innovation, in the hope of founding comprehensive method for transformation of a kind of new biomass and device; Can improve general prior biological matter method for transformation and device, make it have more practicality.Through constantly research, design, and, found out the present invention of true tool practical value finally through after studying sample and improvement repeatedly.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is; Overcome the defective that prior biological matter method for transformation exists; And provide a kind of new biomass comprehensive method for transformation; Technical problem to be solved is to make it control the kind and the ratio of product through control pyrolysis pond endogenous substance rate of oxidation and charing speed.
Another main purpose of the present invention is; Overcome the defective that prior biological matter method for transformation exists; And providing a kind of new biomass comprehensive conversion system, technical problem to be solved is to make it through controlling pyrolysis pond endogenous substance rate of oxidation and charing speed, simplifies pyrolysis installation.
Another main purpose of the present invention is; Overcome the defective that prior biological matter conversion system exists; And provide a kind of new biomass comprehensive conversion system; Technical problem to be solved is to make it control biomass rate of oxidation and charing speed through air (oxygen) amount in the pneumatics control pyrolysis pond.
Another main purpose of the present invention is, overcomes the defective that prior biological matter conversion system exists, and provides a kind of new biomass comprehensive conversion system, and technical problem to be solved is that its pyrolysis installation is simplified.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem and adopt following technical scheme to realize.The comprehensive conversion system of a kind of biomass according to the present invention proposes comprises the pyrolysis pond, ternary separating equipment for purification, standing separation equipment, gas purifying equipment, gas-holder; The pyrolysis pond connects ternary separating equipment for purification, and ternary separating equipment for purification connects standing separation equipment and gas purifying equipment, and gas purifying equipment connects gas-holder; It is characterized in that it also comprises pneumatically operated equipment, be arranged in the connecting pipeline of ternary separating equipment for purification and gas purifying equipment.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem and also can adopt following technical measures further to realize
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, it also comprises cyclonic separator and fly-ash separator, and cyclonic separator connects the pyrolysis pond, and fly-ash separator connects separating equipment for purification.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, said ternary separating equipment for purification comprises solid and gas separator and condensing surface.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, said gas purifying equipment comprise the dividing plate of first chamber, second chamber and interval first chamber and second chamber; Gas purifying equipment fills neutral water or Ca (OH)
2Liquid, the dividing plate lower surface is in 15-20cm under the liquid level.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, said first chamber are provided with and spray into neutral water or Ca (OH)
2The mouth spray of liquid be communicated with the ventpipe of first chamber and second chamber, and the mouth of pipe of ventpipe is positioned at the neutral water or the Ca (OH) of second chamber
25-10cm under the liquid level of liquid.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, the second chamber outer side of said gas purifying equipment is equipped with recycle pump, the spray circulation of controlled liq.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, said pneumatically operated equipment are roots blower, induced draft fan or vacuum pump.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, it also comprises the feedback pipeline that is provided with the adjustment valve, is arranged between ternary separating equipment for purification and gas purifying equipment connecting pipeline, with the air or oxygen introducing amount in control pyrolysis pond.
The comprehensive conversion system of aforesaid biomass, said standing separation equipment comprises the standing separation device, sour pond, and tar pool.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem and also adopt following technical scheme to realize.A kind of method that fully utilizes biomass places compacting of pyrolysis pond and ignition with stalk, opens the pneumatically operated equipment introducing simultaneously and contains the oxygen air; After treating the perfect combustion of incendiary stalk layer, add the stalk compacting more rapidly, then along with reaction continues at the uniform velocity to add stalk; Stalk changes into mixed gas or mixed gas and charcoal, and charcoal is stayed in the pyrolysis pond, regularly discharges; Make mixed gas separate into mixed solution and non-condensable gases through ternary separating equipment for purification; Make mixed solution through standing separation equipment, obtain biological tar and wood vinegar; Making, condensable gases obtains biological flue gas through gas purifying equipment processing back entering gas-holder.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem and also can adopt following technical measures further to realize.
Aforesaid method, the stalk ulking thickness is pond dark 3/4 or 20cm before the burning.
Aforesaid method, the stalk thickness that adds rapidly after the said perfect combustion is 20cm or pond dark 3/4.
Aforesaid method, said pneumatically operated equipment inspiratory capacity scope is 1000m
3/ h-3000m
3Or 400m
3/ h-1200m
3/ h.
Aforesaid method, said pneumatically operated equipment are roots blower, induced draft fan or vacuum pump.
Aforesaid method, the said speed that at the uniform velocity adds stalk is 0.5t/h-1.5t/h.
Aforesaid method, said gas purifying equipment processing comprises drip washing and rouses and wash.
Aforesaid method, said pneumatically operated equipment inspiratory capacity are provided with the feedback pipeline of adjustment valve and are controlled.
Before said biomass straw comprise that agricultural, forestry, livestock industry produce the waste that the waste that produces and agricultural, forestry, the processing of livestock industry product produce.Such as agricultural crop straw; Branch, leaf, tree root; Ight soil, bacterium, really, wine, vinegar, furfural dregs; Shell, the rice wheat bran; Timber woodenware processing waste, domestic refuse, while also adapt to industrial organic solid rubbish.Above-mentioned raw materials water cut＜20%, each is to size＜5cm (fines) or 5cm＜each is to size＜30cm (coarse fodder).
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.By technique scheme; The present invention has advantage and beneficial effect at least: the Wood Adhesives from Biomass comprehensive utilization technique; Biological fuel gas, charcoal, biomass wood vinegar and biomass char wet goods sub product are collected utilization fully; It is nearly 100% to transform collection rate, does not have the problem of secondary environmental pollution, is to solve biomass straw to burn the effective way of polluting.
Through air (oxygen) amount in the pneumatics control pyrolysis pond, control biomass rate of oxidation and charing speed, can control the kind and the ratio of product charcoal, biological fuel gas, biomass wood vinegar, biomass coke tar.
Comprehensive method for transformation of these biomass and device, simple in structure, processing ease has been simplified pyrolysis installation, and use in suitable rural area.
The biological fuel gas that reclaims can be used for cooking, heating, gas-engine use; The biomass wood vinegar can be used to make sterilant, sterilant, foliage fertilizer, fowl poultry drinking water additive, anticorrosion reodorant; Biological tar can be used to produce bio-fuel-oil, bio-modification pitch, biological anti-oxidant, biological waterproof; Charcoal can be used for bio-feritlizer, feed, biotic additives etc., has brought huge economic benefit.
In sum; Comprehensive method for transformation of biomass of the present invention and device; Adopt the comprehensive method for transformation of biomass Wood Adhesives from Biomass to be become biological fuel gas, biomass wood vinegar, biomass char wet goods or biomass charcoal, biological fuel gas, biomass wood vinegar and biomass coke tar with device; Collect fully and utilize, do not have the problem of secondary environmental pollution.Wood Adhesives from Biomass collection rate 100%, conversion rate 0.5t/h-1.5t/h is applicable to supporting the founding the factory with village (town).The present invention has obvious improvement technically, has tangible positively effect, really is the new design of a novelty, progress, practicality.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical scheme of the present invention; Understand technique means of the present invention in order can more to know; And can implement according to the content of specification sheets, and for let of the present invention above-mentioned with other purposes, feature and advantage can be more obviously understandable, below special act preferred embodiment; And conjunction with figs., specify as follows.
Description of drawings
The comprehensive conversion system synoptic diagram of the biomass of Fig. 1 preferred embodiment of the present invention;
The comprehensive conversion system pyrolysis of the biomass of Fig. 2 preferred embodiment of the present invention pond synoptic diagram.
The ternary separating equipment for purification synoptic diagram of the comprehensive conversion system of the biomass of Fig. 3 preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The comprehensive conversion system standing separation of the biomass of Fig. 4 preferred embodiment of the present invention equipment synoptic diagram.
The comprehensive conversion system of the biomass of Fig. 5 preferred embodiment of the present invention leaves standstill the gas purifying equipment synoptic diagram.
The comprehensive conversion system of the biomass of Fig. 6 preferred embodiment of the present invention leaves standstill feedback pipeline synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Reach technique means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention; Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment; To the comprehensive method for transformation of biomass and its embodiment of device, working method, step, structure, characteristic and effect thereof that proposes according to the present invention, specify as after.
Relevant aforementioned and other technology contents, characteristics and effect of the present invention can be known to appear in the following detailed description that cooperates with reference to graphic preferred embodiment.Through the explanation of embodiment, when can being to reach technique means that predetermined purpose takes and effect to get one more deeply and concrete understanding to the present invention, yet the appended graphic usefulness that only provides reference and explanation be not to be used for the present invention is limited.
Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.Yet except following description, the present invention can also be widely implements at other embodiment, and protection scope of the present invention do not receive the qualification of embodiment, and its protection domain with claim is as the criterion.Moreover for clearer description being provided and being more readily understood the present invention, graphic interior each several part is not drawn according to its relative dimension, and some size is compared with other scale dependents and exaggerated; Incoherent detail section does not show fully yet, in the hope of graphic succinct.
See also shown in Figure 1, the comprehensive conversion system of the biomass of preferred embodiment of the present invention, it mainly comprises: pyrolysis pond 1, ternary separating equipment for purification 2, standing separation equipment 3, gas purifying equipment 4, gas-holder 5 and pneumatically operated equipment 6; Wherein separating equipment for purification 2 comprises solid and gas separator 21 and condensing surface 22.
As shown in Figure 2, pyrolysis pond 1 comprises square pond body 11 and is positioned at the air outlet 12 of body one sidewall in pond near bottom end.Inlet mouth 211 pipe connection of air outlet 12 and solid and gas separator 21 bottoms, port adopts flange but is not limited to this mode and fixes.Pyrolysis pond 1 can adopt brick or cement to process.
As shown in Figure 3, there are the cylindrical body 212 of cavity, cylindrical body 212 two ends diameters to diminish gradually in solid and gas separator 21 comprises and form two centrums up and down, inlet mouth 211 is left in its hypocentrum bottom, and air outlet 213 is left on last centrum top.Also be provided with filter material opening for feed 214 and filter material discharge port 215 on the cylindrical body 212; Filter material opening for feed 214 is arranged on the centrum sidewall; Filter material discharge port 215 is arranged on the hypocentrum sidewall, and its Way out and filter material opening for feed 214 are in the opposite direction.The inlet mouth 221 of 213 pipe connection condensing surfaces, 22 bottoms, air outlet.The shape of solid and gas separator 21 is not limited to above-mentioned shape, anyly can accomplish shape of the present invention all within protection domain.Solid and gas separator 21 adopts steel plate, and thermal insulation material is processed or the thorough one-tenth of refractory brick.
As shown in Figure 3, condensing surface 22 comprises the body 222 of two-layer setting, forms two coaxial cavities.Body 222 tops are provided with air outlet 223, and the bottom is provided with inlet mouth 221 and liquid outlet 224.Body 222 sidewalls are provided with opposite water-in of opening direction 225 and water outlet 226 near the place, two ends.The air outlet 223 pipe connection gas purifying equipments 4 of condensing surface 22, liquid outlet 224 pipe connection standing separation equipment 3.Condensing surface 22 adopts steel plate, and the weldless steel tube material is processed.
As shown in Figure 4, standing separation equipment 3 comprises standing separation device 31, sour pond 32, and tar pool 33.Standing separation device 31 sidewalls are provided with mixed solution import 311, with liquid outlet 224 pipe connection of condensing surface 22.Standing separation device 31 bottoms are provided with tar outlet 312, and the middle part is provided with acetic acid outlet 314, respectively with tar pool 33, sour pond 32 pipe connection.Standing separation device 31 tops have tar light oil from overflow lip 313, pipe connection tar pool 33.Acid pond 32 is provided with tar pool 33 bottoms and connects sour pump 322 and connect tar pump 332.
As shown in Figure 5, in the gas purifying equipment 4, have with dividing plate 43 first chamber and second chamber at interval.Fill neutral water or Ca (OH) in the gas purifying equipment
2Liquid, the dividing plate lower surface is in 15-20cm under the liquid level.First chamber is provided with the inlet pipe 41 of pipe connection condensing surface 22 air outlets 223, and the pipeline opening of inlet pipe 41 is at 5cm-10cm place above liquid level.Also be provided with mouth spray 42 on first chamber.Mouth spray 42 sprays into neutral water or Ca (OH)
2Liquid.Dividing plate 43 tops also are connected with ventpipe 44, and the gas of process drip washing gets into second chamber through ventpipe 44.The mouth of pipe of ventpipe 44 is positioned at the neutral water or the Ca (OH) of second chamber
2The liquid level of liquid under 5-10cm.First chamber of gas purifying equipment 4 is provided with gas-liquid grid distributor 441, and gas-liquid grid distributor 441 can make the gas that gets in the gas purifying equipment 4 from condensing surface 22, and the neutral water or the Ca (OH) of mouth spray spray
2Liquid Distribution even.Second chamber is provided with traverse baffle 442, gets into gas-holder 5 through air outlet 46 through rousing after the gas of washing was scurried traverse baffle 442 dehydrations.The second chamber lower end is provided with the mouth of pipe 45, with mouth spray 42 pipe connection, through the spray circulation of Control Circulation pump 47 controlled liq.
The comprehensive conversion system of biomass of the present invention also includes the pneumatically operated equipment 6 that is arranged on ternary separating equipment for purification 2 and gas purifying equipment 4 connecting pipelines; This pneumatically operated equipment can be selected from roots blower but be not limited to roots blower, also can select induced draft fan, vacuum pump for use.Pneumatically operated equipment 6 is used to control air (oxygen) the introducing amount in pyrolysis pond.
The comprehensive conversion system of these biomass can also comprise placed in-line cyclonic separator (figure does not show) and fly-ash separator (figure does not show).Mixed gas was introduced into cyclonic separator (figure does not show) and fly-ash separator (figure does not show) before getting into condensing equipment.
As shown in Figure 6, the comprehensive conversion system of these biomass also comprises feedback pipeline 9.Between ternary separating equipment for purification 2 and gas purifying equipment 4 connecting pipelines, through adjustment valve 91 adjustments of gas feedback amounts, reach the requirement of control roots blower 6 gas flows, can more effectively control air (oxygen) the amount introducing amount in pyrolysis pond.
Below will introduce the concrete technical process that the present invention handles biomass in detail, see also Fig. 1-Fig. 6:
S1 is with water cut 15%-35%; Optimum moisture content＜20%; Each is to any mixing use of size＜5cm (fines) or with water cut 15%-35%; Optimum moisture content＜20%, each is to size＜5cm (fines)/5cm＜by the proportioning use, proportioning is 2/1-8/1, the best＞4/1 to size＜30cm (coarse fodder) biological raw material raw material for each.
Stalk with dark 1/2-3/4 in pond or 20-30cm thickness places 1 compacting of pyrolysis pond and ignition, and opens pneumatically operated equipment 6 simultaneously and introduce and contain oxygen air (inspiratory capacity scope 1000m
3/ h-3000m
3Or 400m
3/ h-1200m
3/ h); After treating the perfect combustion of incendiary stalk layer; The stalk compacting that adds 20cm or pond dark 3/4 more rapidly; Add stalk with speed 0.5t/h-1.5t/h then; Form oxygen debt atmosphere in the pyrolysis pond 1; In oxygen debt gas condition, from bottom to top form (burning) layer (temperature 800-1200 ℃), reducing zone (temperature 600-800 ℃), destructive distillation layer (temperature 400-600 ℃), drying layer (temperature 100-400 ℃) or with an ignition layer be the center from bottom to top and from top to bottom formation temperature be 800-1200 ℃ of zone of oxidation, 600-800 ℃ reducing zone, 400-600 ℃ destructive distillation layer, 100-300 ℃ drying layer.Said temperature adopts mode measurements such as prior art such as contactless infrared temperature sensor to learn.Stalk is converted to stalk charcoal and mixed gas or mixed gas; The charcoal layer retains in the pyrolysis pond, regularly discharges; Mixed gas is 12 progressive next steps through the air outlet in pyrolysis pond 1.
Can regulate the adjustment valve 91 in the feedback pipeline 9 by selectively unlocking, adjustments of gas feedback amount is controlled pneumatically operated equipment 6 gas flows, effectively controls air (oxygen) the introducing amount in pyrolysis pond.Through control to pneumatically operated equipment 6 air inducing amounts, can controlled oxidation (burning) speed and the difference of charing speed.The speed of the speed＜charing of oxidation (burning), the charcoal accumulation is from the pyrolysis carbonization process; The speed of the speed=charing of oxidation (burning), charcoal accumulation balance is a gasification; The speed of the speed＞charing of oxidation (burning), charcoal do not have accumulation and are combustion processes; Speed=0 of oxidation (burning), the accumulation of charcoal non-oxidation is retort process, thereby reaches control conversion product (charcoal gas) ratio.
The S2 mixed gas gets into solid and gas separator 21 through the inlet mouth 211 of solid and gas separator 21.Solid and gas separator 21 can be selected corn ear through filter material opening for feed 214 filter material of packing in advance for use for the maximum using countryside wastes, and preferred powder is broken into each corn ear to size 0.5cm-3cm, and more preferably each is to the corn ear of size 0.5cm-1cm.Selecting corn ear for use only is an embodiment of the invention as filter material, anyly can accomplish filter material of the present invention all within protection domain.Mixed gas from bottom to top fully contacts with filter material, and filter material obtains comparatively purified mixed gas with the absorption of the dust granules in the mixed gas.
The S3 mixed gas further gets into condensing surface 22 through the air outlet 213 of solid and gas separator 21.Mixed gas flows in the internal cavity of condensing surface 22 from bottom to top, and water coolant flows in the external cavity of condensing surface 22 from top to bottom.Condensable gas changes into acetic acid tar mixed solution with fixed attention at inwall, flows to standing separation equipment 3 along inwall through liquid outlet 224.Uncondensable gas flow to gas purifying equipment 4 from the air outlet 223 of condensing surface 22.
The S4 phlegma leaves standstill in standing separation equipment 3, because the proportion of biological tar of phlegma ingredient and wood vinegar differs bigger and immiscible.Biological tar and wood vinegar leave standstill direct layering, and the upper strata is biological tar light oil, and the middle level is that biological vinegar liquid, lower floor are biological tar heavy oil.Connecing sour pump 322 and connecing under the effect of tar pump 332, wood vinegar gets into sour pond 32 through acetic acid outlet 314, and biological tar gets into tar pool 33 through tar outlet 312.
The uncondensable gas of S5 gets into gas purifying equipment 47 through inlet mouth 41, opens recycle pump, and mouth spray 42 sprays into neutral water or Ca (OH)
2Liquid, uncondensable gas at first chamber from bottom to top, liquid from top to bottom carries out reverse drip washing.Through the ventpipe 44 that connects on the dividing plate, uncondensable gas gets into the clean-out system liquid level below of second chamber, plays drum and washes effect, and the uncondensable gas after drum is washed upwards flows, and through traverse baffle 442 dehydrations, then gets into gas-holder 5 through air outlet 46.
Down in the face of some concrete operations of the comprehensive method for transformation of biomass of the present invention and device and specifically parameter or the like be elaborated
With water cut＜20%, each is that 20cm places pyrolysis pond 1 to the stalk of size＜5cm (fines) with thickness, and compacting and ignition are opened roots blower 6 introducings simultaneously and contained oxygen air (inspiratory capacity scope 1000m
3/ h-3000m
3); After treating the perfect combustion of incendiary stalk layer; The stalk compacting that adds pond dark 3/4 more rapidly; Add stalk with speed 0.5t/h-1.5t/h then; Form oxygen debt atmosphere in the pyrolysis pond 1, from bottom to top form (burning) layer (temperature 800-1200 ℃), reducing zone (temperature 600-800 ℃), destructive distillation layer (temperature 400-600 ℃), drying layer (temperature 100-400 ℃).Device gets into normal operating conditions after 5 minutes; Through regulating the adjustment valve 91 in the feedback pipeline 9, adjustments of gas feedback amount makes the speed of oxidation equal the speed of charing, keeps zone of oxidation temperature＜900 ℃ simultaneously.Stalk is converted to mixed gas; Mixed gas gets into next step through the air outlet 12 in pyrolysis pond 1.
Mixed gas gets into solid and gas separator 21 through the inlet mouth 211 of solid and gas separator 21.Solid and gas separator 21 is through filter material opening for feed 214 filter material of packing in advance, can select for use corn ear to be ground into each to size 05cm-3cm, the best＜1cm but be not limited thereto for the maximum using countryside wastes.Mixed gas from bottom to top fully contacts with filter material, and filter material obtains comparatively purified mixed gas with the absorption of the dust granules in the mixed gas.
Mixed gas further gets into condensing surface 22 through the air outlet 213 of solid and gas separator 21.Mixed gas flows in the internal cavity of condensing surface 22 from bottom to top, and water coolant flows in the external cavity of condensing surface 22 from top to bottom.Condensable gas changes into acetic acid tar mixed solution with fixed attention at inwall, flows to standing separation equipment 3 along inwall through liquid outlet 224.Uncondensable gas flow to gas purifying equipment 4 from the air outlet 223 of condensing surface 22.
Phlegma leaves standstill in standing separation equipment 3.Biological tar and wood vinegar leave standstill direct layering, and the upper strata is biological tar light oil, and the middle level is that biological vinegar liquid, lower floor are biological tar heavy oil.Wood vinegar gets into sour pond 32 through acetic acid outlet 314, and biological tar gets into tar pool 33 through tar outlet 312.
Uncondensable gas gets into gas purifying equipment 4 through inlet mouth 41, opens recycle pump mouth spray 42 and sprays into neutral water or Ca (OH)
2Liquid, uncondensable gas at first chamber from bottom to top, liquid from top to bottom carries out reverse drip washing.Through the ventpipe on the dividing plate 44, uncondensable gas gets into the clean-out system liquid level below of second chamber, plays drum and washes effect, and the uncondensable gas after drum is washed upwards flows, and through traverse baffle 442 dehydrations, then gets into gas-holder 5 through air outlet 46.
With water cut 15%-35%, optimum moisture content＜20%, each stalk to size＜5cm is that pond dark 3/4 places pyrolysis pond 1, compacting and ignition with thickness (replenishing value range).Open roots blower 6 introducings simultaneously and contain oxygen air (inspiratory capacity scope 400m
3/ h-1200m
3/ h; After treating the perfect combustion of incendiary stalk layer, add the stalk compacting of 20cm more rapidly, then with speed 0,5t/h-1.5t/h adds stalk.Form oxygen debt atmosphere in the pyrolysis pond 1, with an ignition layer be the center from bottom to top and from top to bottom formation temperature be the drying layer of the destructive distillation layer, 100-300 ℃ of the reducing zone, 400-600 ℃ of 800-1200 ℃ zone of oxidation, 600-800 ℃.Device gets into normal operating conditions after 5 minutes; Through regulating the adjustment valve 91 in the feedback pipeline 9, adjustments of gas feedback amount, the speed of oxidation are less than the speed of charing, and stalk is converted to charcoal and mixed gas.Charcoal stockpiles in pyrolysis pond 1, regularly discharges; Mixed gas gets into next step through the air outlet 12 in pyrolysis pond 1.300 ℃-500 ℃ of temperature that keep the air outlet 12 in pyrolysis pond 1, optimum temps＜450 ℃.
Mixed gas gets into solid and gas separator 21 through the inlet mouth 211 of solid and gas separator 21.Solid and gas separator 21 is through filter material opening for feed 214 filter material of packing in advance.Mixed gas from bottom to top fully contacts with filter material, and filter material obtains comparatively purified mixed gas with the absorption of the dust granules in the mixed gas.
Mixed gas further gets into condensing surface 22 through the air outlet 213 of solid and gas separator 21.Mixed gas flows in the internal cavity of condensing surface 22 from bottom to top, and water coolant flows in the external cavity of condensing surface 22 from top to bottom.Condensable gas changes into acetic acid tar mixed solution with fixed attention at inwall, flows to standing separation equipment 3 along inwall through liquid outlet 224.Uncondensable gas flow to gas purifying equipment 4 from the air outlet 223 of condensing surface 22.
Phlegma is standing demix in standing separation equipment 3; The upper strata is biological tar light oil; And the middle level is that biological vinegar liquid, lower floor are biological tar heavy oil; Connecing sour pump 322 and connecing under the effect of tar pump 332, wood vinegar gets into sour pond 32 through acetic acid outlet 314, and biological tar gets into tar pool 33 through tar outlet 312.
Uncondensable gas gets into gas purifying equipment 47 through inlet mouth 41, opens recycle pump mouth spray 42 and sprays into neutral water or Ca (OH)
2Liquid, uncondensable gas at first chamber from bottom to top, liquid from top to bottom carries out reverse drip washing.Get into through the 44 uncondensable gases of the ventpipe on the dividing plate below the clean-out system liquid level of second chamber, play drum and wash effect, the uncondensable gas after drum is washed upwards flows, and 442 dehydrations of process traverse baffle then get into gas-holder 5 through air outlet 46.
By water cut 15%--35%, optimum moisture content＜20%, each is to size＜5cm (fines)/5cm＜each is to size＜30cm (coarse fodder) biological raw material raw material=4/1.The stalk that with thickness is pond dark 3/4 places 1 compacting of pyrolysis pond and ignition, and opens roots blower 6 simultaneously and introduce and contain oxygen air (inspiratory capacity scope 400m
3/ h-1200m
3/ h); After treating the perfect combustion of incendiary stalk layer; The stalk compacting that adds 20cm or pond dark 3/4 more rapidly, then with speed 0,5t/h-1.5t/h adds stalk; Form oxygen debt atmosphere in the pyrolysis pond 1, with an ignition layer be the center from bottom to top and from top to bottom formation temperature be 800-1200 ℃ of zone of oxidation, 600-800 ℃ reducing zone, 400-600 ℃ destructive distillation layer, 100-300 ℃ drying layer.Device gets into normal operating conditions after 5 minutes; Through the adjustment valve 91 in the adjusting feedback pipeline 9, adjustments of gas feedback amount, the speed of the speed=charing of controlled oxidation (burning), charcoal accumulation balance, stalk is converted to charcoal and mixed gas.Charcoal is regularly discharged; Mixed gas gets into next step through the air outlet 12 in pyrolysis pond 1.Keeping the temperature of the air outlet 12 in pyrolysis pond 1 is 300 ℃-500 ℃, optimum temps＜450 ℃.All the other steps are consistent with embodiment 2 with embodiment 1.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Yet be not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly be familiar with the professional and technical personnel, in not breaking away from technical scheme scope of the present invention; When the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement capable of using is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations; In every case be not break away from technical scheme content of the present invention, to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did, all still belong in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass comprises the pyrolysis pond, ternary separating equipment for purification, standing separation equipment, gas purifying equipment, gas-holder; The pyrolysis pond connects ternary separating equipment for purification, and ternary separating equipment for purification connects standing separation equipment and gas purifying equipment, and gas purifying equipment connects gas-holder; It is characterized in that it also comprises pneumatically operated equipment, be arranged in the connecting pipeline of ternary separating equipment for purification and gas purifying equipment.
2. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also comprises cyclonic separator and fly-ash separator, and cyclonic separator connects the pyrolysis pond, and fly-ash separator connects separating equipment for purification.
3. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that said ternary separating equipment for purification comprises solid and gas separator and condensing surface.
4. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said gas purifying equipment comprises the dividing plate of first chamber, second chamber and interval first chamber and second chamber; Gas purifying equipment fills neutral water or Ca (OH)
2Liquid, the dividing plate lower surface is in 15-20cm under the liquid level.
5. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said first chamber is provided with and sprays into neutral water or Ca (OH)
2The mouth spray of liquid, and the ventpipe that is communicated with first chamber and second chamber, and the mouth of pipe of ventpipe is positioned at the neutral water or the Ca (OH) of second chamber
25-10cm under the liquid level of liquid.
6. according to claim 4 or the comprehensive conversion system of 5 described biomass, it is characterized in that the second chamber outer side of said gas purifying equipment is equipped with recycle pump, the spray circulation of controlled liq.
7. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that said pneumatically operated equipment is roots blower, induced draft fan or vacuum pump.
8. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; It also comprises the feedback pipeline that is provided with the adjustment valve, is arranged between ternary separating equipment for purification and gas purifying equipment connecting pipeline, with the air or oxygen introducing amount in control pyrolysis pond.
9. the comprehensive conversion system of biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that said standing separation equipment comprises the standing separation device, sour pond, and tar pool.
10. a method that adopts device comprehensive utilization biomass as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, stalk is placed compacting of pyrolysis pond and ignition, opens the pneumatically operated equipment introducing simultaneously and contains the oxygen air; After treating the perfect combustion of incendiary stalk layer, add the stalk compacting more rapidly, then along with reaction continues at the uniform velocity to add stalk; Stalk changes into mixed gas or mixed gas and charcoal, and charcoal is stayed in the pyrolysis pond, regularly discharges; Make mixed gas separate into mixed solution and non-condensable gases through ternary separating equipment for purification; Make mixed solution through standing separation equipment, obtain biological tar and wood vinegar; Making, condensable gases obtains biological flue gas through gas purifying equipment processing back entering gas-holder.
11. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the stalk ulking thickness is pond dark 3/4 or 20cm before the burning.
12. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the stalk thickness that adds rapidly after the said perfect combustion is 20cm or pond dark 3/4.
13. method according to claim 12 is characterized in that, said pneumatically operated equipment inspiratory capacity scope is 1000m
3/ h-3000m
3Or 400m
3/ h-1200m
3/ h.
14., it is characterized in that said pneumatically operated equipment is roots blower, induced draft fan or vacuum pump according to claim 12 or 13 described methods.
15. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the said speed that at the uniform velocity adds stalk is 0.5t/h-1.5t/h.
16. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, said gas purifying equipment processing comprises drip washing and rouses and wash.
17. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said pneumatically operated equipment inspiratory capacity is provided with the feedback pipeline of adjustment valve and is controlled.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100096335A CN102585862A (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | Method and device for biomass comprehensive transformation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100096335A CN102585862A (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | Method and device for biomass comprehensive transformation |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN105368496A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 南京林业大学 | Process method for cogenerating electricity, charcoal, heat and fertilizer through gasified gas supply of biomass |
| CN106609141A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | 李鸣 | Carbonization and gasification apparatus and process for extracting carbon residues, tar, acetic acid liquid and biomass gas from livestock and poultry manure and industrial waste residues of biomass |
| CN108283821A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-17 | 河北格源环保科技有限公司 | The treatment process and processing system of coking production Zhong Huachan workshop sections exhaust gas containing naphthalene |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |