CN106609141B

CN106609141B - Charcoal gasification device and process for refining charcoal oil gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residues

Info

Publication number: CN106609141B
Application number: CN201510684333.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李鸣; 李福兴
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-10-22
Filing date: 2015-10-22
Publication date: 2021-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-22
Also published as: CN106609141A

Abstract

The invention provides a carbon gasification device and a process for refining carbon oil gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residues, belonging to the technical field of mechanical and chemical engineering. The device consists of seven device systems of stirring, drying, carbonizing, shunting, gasifying, purifying and storing, and produces carbon residue, tar, acetic acid liquid and biomass gas through anaerobic combustion of livestock and poultry manure or waste residue, smoke shunting, cracking separation, filtering and purifying and negative pressure operation process technology. The carbon residue and acetic acid solution are prepared into the excellent biomass activated carbon fertilizer to replace a retting fertilizer. The tar is a good chemical raw material, and the fuel gas is used as fuel for supplying drying equipment and is produced and used by itself. The device really realizes harmless treatment on various livestock and poultry manure or biomass industrial waste residues, has no secondary pollution, thoroughly solves the problem of long-term puzzling of biological products and waste treatment of culture manufacturers, obtains comprehensive utilization, and has important practical significance for waste utilization and purification of peripheral environment of manufacturers and implementation of environmental protection national policy.

Description

Charcoal gasification device and process for refining charcoal oil gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residues

Technical Field

The invention relates to a carbon gasification device and a process for refining carbon oil gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residues, belonging to the technical field of mechanical and chemical engineering.

Background

Through the investigation of biomass essence extraction factories for producing methanol, sucrose, papermaking, Chinese herbal medicine extraction and the like in China and the understanding of relevant departments, the essence substances in the required biomass raw materials are extracted and extracted by the current factories for commodity processing, and a large amount of residue waste materials are left; especially in the large and medium livestock poultry breeding industry, the excrement discharged by cattle, sheep, chicken and pigs every day is more incredible, especially the daily accumulated cattle excrement in large cattle farms is more odorous, and a large Chinese herbal medicine extraction plant produces thousands of tons of waste residues every year. Although the waste is developed and utilized for many years, the waste is used as auxiliary fuel for burning in a furnace or generating electricity, fermenting methane in a retting tank, developing biological fertilizer and the like, but the substantial problems of comprehensive utilization, cyclic linkage, simplification, no secondary pollution and the like of the waste are not fundamentally and thoroughly solved, and the manufacturers still face how to more effectively and reasonably treat the waste, so that the social problem which is very concerned by people is formed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to fundamentally solve the difficulties, and provides a charcoal gasification device and a process for refining charcoal oil liquid gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residues. The inventor has applied utility model patent 'a novel gasification equipment that forestry and agricultural residues refined charcoal fluid' to the national intellectual Property office of Patents patent, this gasification equipment comprises five device systems of carbomorphism, reposition of redundant personnel, gasification, purification and storage, through fuel anaerobism, reposition of redundant personnel, schizolysis, separation, filtration, purification, negative pressure operation technology, produces tar, acetic acid liquid when the output charcoal to further purify the flue gas of hierarchical carbomorphism into biomass gas. The carbonized carbon residue and the acetic acid solution are mixed to produce high-quality biomass activated carbon fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer and activate farmlands. The biomass gas generated by the gasification device is matched with a special generator set to generate electricity.

The invention is improved and innovated on the basis of the applied utility model patent, and the specific scheme is as follows:

in the above-mentioned applied utility model patent "a novel gasification equipment that forestry and agricultural residues refined charcoal fluid", the device mainly comprises five system's devices of kiln device, diverging device, gasification equipment, purifier and storage device. The device is improved and innovated, and a fuel gas regulating device is additionally arranged; a waste odor eliminating device; a waste drying device; the furnace body is designed into a continuous rolling type working device from the new design of the furnace device, so that the innovative rolling type carbonization furnace has the function of continuous and continuous operation. Therefore, the invention consists of seven system devices, namely a waste odor eliminating device, a waste drying device, a rolling type carbonization furnace device, a flow dividing device, a gasification device, a purification device and a storage device, wherein the flow dividing device, the gasification device, the purification device and the storage device are the same as the flow dividing device, the gasification device, the purification device and the storage device in the applied utility model patent gasification device for extracting carbon oil from agricultural and forestry waste.

The implementation scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention mainly comprises seven system devices, namely a waste odor eliminating device, a waste drying device, a rolling type carbonization furnace device, a flow dividing device, a gasification device, a purification device and a storage device.

The waste odor eliminating device; the device is formed by welding a metal structure, the shape of the device is an open feed inlet, the feed bin is circular, the inner structure of the device is metal multi-stage stirring, an annular porous peculiar smell eliminating deodorant nozzle is arranged at the feed inlet, and the device can be stirred together as long as a material enters the feed bin and is sprayed with a deodorant simultaneously so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating peculiar smells of various livestock and poultry manure and biomass industrial wastes. The waste drying device is of a metal inner-outer double-layer structure and is cylindrical, and the inner layer is divided into three components; the device comprises a mixed material feeding port, a material discharging rolling spiral and a moisture gas discharging port, wherein the outer layer is a biomass gas grading gas supply and combustion drying layer. When the waste and the deodorant are uniformly stirred by the stirring device and then enter the drying device, the mixture is stirred by a plurality of rolling spirals, the outer layer is baked and burned at high temperature by igniting biomass gas, the inner layer iron plate forms high temperature through conduction to fry the stirred material, the material is continuously heated and fried through spiral rolling, and when the material is fried according to the design and just reaches the moisture content index, the dried material is discharged out of the drying box and conveyed into the storage bin through the conveying belt.

Roll retort device, the device are open-air metallic structure, and the shape is three-dimensional cylinder, and the interior carbonization of stove distributes to constitute and from top to bottom divides into four districts altogether: covering a fuel area, a main combustion area, a water spraying and carbon forming area and a carbon residue recovery area. And a feeder and a furnace cover are arranged on the outer side of the fuel covering area and are used for supplying biomass fine materials to the covering surface of the combustion furnace device and blocking a large amount of combustion-supporting oxygen. The raw material is placed in the main fuel area for anaerobic combustion to provide enough smoke. The water-spraying and carbon-forming area is used for instantly extinguishing the fuel which has released the smoke and is burnt to form carbon slag. The carbon residue recovery area discharges and recovers carbon residue and cooling water generated by carbonization, and prevents the flue guide from being blocked. And finally, fully leading out the flue gas from the carbonization furnace device from top to bottom by an induced draft fan, and entering the flow dividing device. The carbonization furnace device adopts the electric control cabinet to automatically control the water wheel bucket to circularly feed and spirally discharge, and the labor intensity of workers is completely relieved. The carbonization furnace can be designed quantitatively according to the amount of the waste output by a user, and the requirement of daily consumption is improved.

The flow dividing device consists of a water seal filtering device, a primary gas-liquid separating device, a smoke guiding machine, a desulfurizing tower and a secondary gas-liquid separating device. The water seal filtering device consists of a dust removal purifier and a sedimentation tank and is used for removing small particle impurities in the flue gas. The primary gas-water separation device consists of a high-distribution separator, a cooler and a sedimentation tank, wherein three to five layers of pebbles or magnets with uniform sizes are distributed in the high-distribution separator and are used for primarily separating tar; the cooler is internally provided with circulating cold water which has the function of separating water and acetic acid liquid for the first time. The desulfurizing tower is used for filtering sulfur components in the flue gas. The secondary gas-water separation device has the same structure as the primary gas-water separation device and is used for secondarily separating tar, moisture and acetic acid liquid.

The gasification device consists of a filter and a sedimentation tank. The filter is internally provided with a plurality of layers of mutually superposed filtering partition plate structures, and the filter has the function of filtering residual impurities and nitrogen component substances again, so that the purity of the required fuel gas is further improved.

The purification device consists of a rapid condenser and a specific gravity separator. The rapid condenser has the functions of condensing and separating out residual impurities and moisture in the fuel gas and cooling the fuel gas. The specific gravity separator is used for completely separating impurities and water condensed and separated from the flue gas, so that the fuel gas is thoroughly purified.

The storage device is a double-membrane dry storage device, and inert pressure-regulating gas is filled between the inner membrane and the outer membrane. The inner film is made of dense rubber and plastic materials and has the functions of separating and storing gas and regulating pressure. The outer film is made of compact composite anti-aging synthetic material and has the function of forming a pressure regulating chamber with the inner film, so that gas in the inner film is output at constant pressure and the inner film is protected.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the combustion furnace device is specially modified into a rolling type carbonization furnace, and the biggest characteristic is that the continuous addition of raw materials and the simultaneous discharge of carbon slag are realized, the rolling type all-weather continuous production is formed, and finally, the purposes of large material consumption, large carbon slag discharge amount and large product quantity are achieved, so that the requirement of waste production of manufacturers is met.

2. Because the automatic control of the electric control cabinet is implemented in the carbonization furnace device, the automation of a large amount of filling raw materials and discharging carbon slag is realized, and the manual labor intensity is greatly reduced.

3. Because the carbonization furnace device can be used for customizing the furnace body according to the daily output of the livestock and poultry manure and the biomass industrial waste residue of a user, the difficult problems of small daily treatment amount and waste accumulation are well solved.

4. According to the utility model patent that has applied for "a novel agriculture and forestry discarded object refines gasification equipment of charcoal fluid", can know that the raw materials water content of burning kiln or stove burning will reach certain index requirement, and this has increased discarded object drying device, makes all raw materials moisture content that need the carbomorphism reach technical parameter standard completely, has improved the efficiency of carbomorphism raw materials greatly, makes the carbomorphism volume obtain the increase of multiple.

5. The device and the process have the outstanding advantages that the biomass fuel gas produced by the device and the process is supplied to the drying device as fuel, so that a heat source is provided, the drying cost is greatly reduced, and other energy sources are saved.

6. Because the waste odor eliminating device is added in the carbonization furnace device, the odor eliminating technology is adopted before the raw materials are dried, so that various odors generated by various original livestock and poultry manure and biomass industrial garbage are well treated, the odor is prevented from overflowing in the drying process, and the problem of secondary air pollution in production is solved.

7. The device and the process have the greatest advantages that a large amount of livestock and poultry manure produced in large and medium-sized livestock and poultry farms at present every day can be harmlessly eliminated and changed into biomass charcoal in the same day through the device and the process, the problem of accumulation and accumulation of the manure in the livestock and poultry farms is fundamentally solved, the problem of air pollution caused by heavy peculiar smell generated by composting is solved, and a plurality of problems brought to vehicle transportation of manure selling are solved.

8. The device and the process have the greatest advantages that the biomass industrial garbage which can not be treated, such as waste paper residues, stinky skin residues, bagasse, furfural residues, traditional Chinese medicine refining residues and the like produced after processing biomass products in various large and medium-sized paper mills, leather mills, sugar mills, traditional Chinese medicine factories and the like, is harmlessly eliminated and changed into biomass charcoal through the device and the process, so that the problem that the manufacturers are troubled by treating waste residues for many years is fundamentally solved, and a series of problems related to environmental pollution are solved.

9. The device and the process have the obvious effects that the livestock and poultry manure and the biomass industrial garbage are timely and effectively treated, meanwhile, the biomass carbon, the tar, the acetic acid liquid and the biomass gas are obtained in the treatment process and are further processed into the high-quality biomass fertilizer, the purposes of waste utilization, waste changing, pollution reduction and recycling economy are truly achieved, and the burden of energy conservation and emission reduction is reduced for the country and the enterprise.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a gasification apparatus for extracting carbon oil from agricultural and forestry waste, which is applied for a new utility model patent.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the system of the integrated carbonization furnace of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the odor eliminating apparatus and the drying apparatus according to the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

The following is a detailed description of the technical solutions and processes of the present invention with reference to the specific embodiments of the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, a carbonization apparatus 1; a flow dividing device 2; a gasification device 3; a purification device 4 and a storage device 5.

As shown in fig. 2, the carbonizing apparatus 1; a flow dividing device 2; a gasification device 3; a purification device 4; a storage device 5; a gas regulating device 6; a gas pipeline valve 7; a waste odor eliminating device 8; a waste drying device 9; a moisture discharge port 10; a conveyor belt 11; a dried material storage bin 12.

As shown in fig. 3, the storage means 5; a gas regulating device 6; a gas pipeline valve 7; a waste odor eliminating device 8; a waste drying device 9; a moisture discharge port 10; a conveyor belt 11; a dried material storage bin 12.

As shown in fig. 3, the waste deodorizing device 8 includes a multistage stirrer 8a and an annular porous deodorizing and deodorizing nozzle 8 b. The waste drying device 9 comprises a biomass gas graded gas supply and combustion drying layer 9a and a plurality of rolling screw devices 9 b.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the flow divider 2, the gasifier 3, the purifier 4 and the storage device 5 of the present invention are the same as the flow divider 2, the gasifier 3, the purifier 4 and the storage device 5 of the "gasifier for extracting charcoal oil from agricultural and forestry waste", which is a new patent of utility model application ", and therefore, the following implementation method is not repeated here, and the process flow is as follows:

when the waste odor eliminating device 8 and the waste drying device 9 are ready to work, the gas regulating device 6 is firstly opened to approve the gas quantity to be supplied, then the gas pipeline valve 7 is opened to control the gas combustion firepower at any time, a small amount of gas is supplied to the combustion drying layer 9a and ignited, and the inner bin of the device 9 is heated to the working index temperature. The conveyer belt 11 is started to convey the materials to the device 8, when the materials enter the inlet of the device 8, the deodorant nozzle 8b starts to work to spray deodorant to the wastes, the deodorant and the waste enter the device 8 at the same time, the multi-stage stirrer 8a starts to work, and the mixture enters the waste drying device 9 through multi-stage stirring of the 8 a. The multi-channel rolling screw 9b starts to work, the burning drying layer 9a is dried and preheated for a long time, the heating is started at the moment, after the mixture is stir-fried in the multiple channels of the screw 9b, the wet mixture is gradually heated, stir-fried and dried, the water vapor is evaporated to the wet and humid gas exhaust port 10, and finally the mixture is rolled to the tail end to send the material which is dried to reach the index requirement to the drying material storage bin 12 through the conveying belt 11, so that a series of processes are completed, and the purpose of the process requirement is achieved.

As shown in fig. 1, applied for utility model patent "gasification equipment that novel agriculture and forestry discarded object refined charcoal fluid" well burning kiln or stove device 1, in as shown in fig. 2, reform transform into single roll formula retort, the biggest characteristics have realized incessant interpolation raw materials, output charcoal sediment simultaneously, form roll formula all-weather continuous production, it is big finally to reach consumptive material volume, and it is big to go out charcoal sediment volume, and it is big to take product output to satisfy the demand that the discarded object was eliminated to the producer.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a let domestic animal manure living beings industrial waste residue refine charcoal gasification equipment of charcoal oil liquid gas, eliminates peculiar smell device (8), discarded object drying device (9), wet gas eduction mouth (10), conveyer belt (11), stoving material storage storehouse (12) including carbomorphism device (1), diverging device (2), gasification equipment (3), purifier (4), storage device (5), gas regulation and control device (6), gas pipeline valve (7), discarded object, the peculiar smell device (8) are eliminated to the discarded object, discarded object is eliminated peculiar smell device (8) and is included multistage agitator (8a) and annular porous peculiar smell deodorant nozzle (8b) of eliminating, discarded object drying device (9) are including living beings gas supply in grades and burning stoving layer (9a) and multichannel roll spiral organ (9b), wherein, carbomorphism device (1), diverging device (2), gasification equipment (3), The device comprises a purification device (4), a storage device (5), a fuel gas regulating device (6), a fuel gas pipeline valve (7) and a waste drying device (9) which are sequentially connected, wherein a moisture gas exhaust port (10) is formed in the waste drying device (9), the waste drying device (9) is also connected with a waste odor eliminating device (8), and a discharge port of the waste drying device (9) is connected with a drying material storage bin (12) through a conveying belt (11);

when the materials enter the inlet of the waste odor eliminating device (8), the deodorant nozzle (8b) starts to work to spray deodorant to the waste, the deodorant and the waste odor eliminating device simultaneously enter the waste odor eliminating device (8), the multi-stage stirrer (8a) starts to work, and the mixed materials are stirred in multiple stages through the multi-stage stirrer (8 a);

the carbonization device (1) is a rolling carbonization furnace device, four regions are arranged in the furnace from top to bottom in a carbonization distribution mode, namely a covering fuel region, a main combustion region, a water spraying carbonization region and a carbon residue recovery region, anaerobic combustion is carried out in the main combustion region to provide enough combustion smoke, the water spraying carbonization region has the function of instantly extinguishing fuel which has released smoke to form carbon residue, and the carbon residue recovery region discharges and recovers carbon residue and cooling water generated by carbonization;

the flow dividing device (2) consists of a water seal filtering device, a primary gas-water separation device, a smoke guiding machine, a desulfurizing tower and a secondary gas-water separation device; the water seal filtering device consists of a dust removal purifier and a sedimentation tank and is used for removing small particle impurities in the flue gas; the primary gas-water separation device consists of a high-distribution separator, a cooler and a sedimentation tank, wherein three to five layers of pebbles or magnets with uniform sizes are distributed in the high-distribution separator and are used for primarily separating tar; circulating cold water is arranged in the cooler and has the function of primarily separating water and acetic acid liquid; the desulfurization tower is used for filtering sulfur components in the flue gas; the secondary gas-water separation device has the same structure as the primary gas-water separation device and is used for secondarily separating tar, moisture and acetic acid liquid;

gasification equipment (3) constitute by filter and sedimentation tank, set up the mutual superimposed filtration baffle structure of multilayer in the filter, the effect is to filter remaining impurity and nitrogen gas composition material once more, further improves required gas purity.

2. The charcoal gasification device for refining charcoal oil liquid gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residue as claimed in claim 1, wherein: (1) the fuel gas produced by the device is supplied to the fuel for drying, so that the external energy is saved; (2) the acetic acid solution produced by the device is supplied with deodorant raw materials, and the odor treatment of various livestock and poultry manure and biomass industrial waste residues can be implemented by scientific blending, so that outsourcing products are saved; (3) the combustion kiln is specially modified into a rolling type carbonization furnace, so that uninterrupted addition of materials and uninterrupted production of carbon slag are realized, rolling type all-weather continuous production is formed, the purposes of large material consumption, large carbon slag output and large associated product output are finally achieved, and the requirement of a manufacturer for eliminating wastes is met; (4) the adopted stirring device and the drying device are designed and manufactured by themselves, outsourcing is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the fund is saved.

3. The charcoal gasification device for refining charcoal oil liquid gas from livestock and poultry manure biomass industrial waste residue as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the waste odor eliminating device (8) and the waste drying device (9) are ready to work, firstly, the gas regulating device (6) is opened to approve the gas quantity to be supplied, then, the gas pipeline valve (7) is opened, the combustion firepower of the gas can be controlled at any time, a small amount of gas is supplied to the combustion drying layer (9a) and is ignited, and the inner bin of the waste drying device (9) is heated to the working index temperature; starting a conveyer belt (11) to convey materials to a waste odor eliminating device (8), when the materials enter an inlet of the waste odor eliminating device (8), a deodorant nozzle (8b) starts to work to spray deodorant to the waste, the deodorant nozzle and the waste odor eliminating device simultaneously enter the waste odor eliminating device (8), a multi-stage stirrer (8a) starts to work, the mixture enters a waste drying device (9) through multi-stage stirring of the multi-stage stirrer (8 a); the multi-rolling screw device (9b) starts to work, the drying and preheating are already carried out on the combustion drying layer (9a), the heating is started at the moment, after the mixture is fried in the multi-rolling screw device (9b), the thoroughly wet mixture is quickly heated, baked and evaporated to a wet and damp air exhaust outlet (10), and finally the mixture is rolled to the tail end to send the material which is dried to reach the index requirement to a drying material storage bin (12) through a conveying belt (11), so that a series of processes are completed, and the purpose of the process requirement is achieved.