CN102574328B - 用于通过扭转的超声波焊接与构件连接的附加件 - Google Patents

用于通过扭转的超声波焊接与构件连接的附加件 Download PDF

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CN102574328B
CN102574328B CN201080031000.8A CN201080031000A CN102574328B CN 102574328 B CN102574328 B CN 102574328B CN 201080031000 A CN201080031000 A CN 201080031000A CN 102574328 B CN102574328 B CN 102574328B
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adapter
welding
component
extension
sonotrode
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CN102574328A (zh
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D·比克
H·格泽
A·绍特纳
F·奥特纳
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All plastic resistant automotive exterior accessories Germany
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Faurecia Exteriors GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/081—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations having a component of vibration not perpendicular to the welding surface
    • B29C65/082—Angular, i.e. torsional ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/30221—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being point-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B29C66/4742—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat said single elements being spouts
    • B29C66/47421—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat said single elements being spouts said spouts comprising flanges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5324—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
    • B29C66/53245—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being hollow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将附加件(1)与构件焊接的方法，尤其用于机动车，利用带有用于将产生焊接过程的振动传递到待焊接的附加件(1)上的超声焊极的本身已知的扭转的超声波焊接方法，其中，附加件(1)设有用于超声焊极的振动的接合的接合面，并且附加件(1)在面向在构件上的焊接面的焊接区域(11)上设有用于接合由超声焊极感应的振动的接合元件，并且由此在焊接过程中接合元件熔化并且因此将附加件(1)与构件焊接。为了在焊接过程期间在焊接面处提高熔融物的量和停留时间并且由此局部上达到用于产生所需要的连接质量的所需要的熔化温度和作用持续时间，提出，作为接合元件使用大致垂直于焊接区域(11)延伸的伸出部(12)，其这样布置，使得熔融物基本上保持在焊接面上。

Description

用于通过扭转的超声波焊接与构件连接的附加件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将附加件(Anbauteil)与构件焊接的方法，尤其用于机动车，利用带有用于将产生焊接过程的振动传递到待焊接的附加件上的超声焊极(Sonotrode)的本身已知的扭转的超声波焊接方法，其中，附加件设有用于超声焊极的接合(Ankopplung)的接合面，并且附加件在面向在构件上的焊接面的焊接区域上设有用于接合由超声焊极感应的振动的接合元件，并且由此在焊接过程中接合元件熔化且因此将附加件与构件焊接。此外，提出一种用于带有该方法的应用的附加件。
背景技术
用于由塑料制成的构件的连接的所建立的技术为焊接。对此，利用了用于能量引入的各种可能性。例如，摩擦焊接或超声波焊接。
特别在使用在汽车的外部的区域中时由于在注塑时提供新的材料特性的可能性，目前通用的壁厚在加工时处于＞＝3.0mm的范围中。在此，由于价格，符合标准地使用的材料类型为以滑石粉加强的PP(聚丙烯)。
由于薄的壁厚，构件的成本和重量降低。但是因为特别PP相对于其它的技术的塑料在负载下是非常易蠕变的并且具有小的弹性模量，但是同时对于构件焊接所提出的每个焊接部位＞200N的在所焊接的构件结合部处的保持力的要求保持不变，经常不可能这样连接构件，使得在视觉上相关的表面保持无缺陷。在此，两个影响因素阻碍了无草图的焊接：
1.)由工艺引起的缺陷部位
用于熔融和分隔平面的紧密的连接所引入的能量贯穿构件这样作用，使得表面由于在构件冷却时的收缩差异而变形并且构造缺陷部位。
2.)由负载引起的缺陷部位
在焊接时点状地引入到构件结合部中的力在表面处、在表面的弹性模量和构件厚度较小的情况下导致了可见的变形。表面在所引入的应力的负载下下沉并且形成可见的缺陷部位。
一种为了阻止该效应的开发方案为扭转的超声波焊接，如其在文件EP1930148A1中并且在还未公开的文件DE102009011273A1中所说明的那样。在此，处于超声焊极下面的上部的构件被置于在超声波的频率范围中的回转的振动中。振动通过上部的构件来传递并且直接地在上部的与下部的构件之间的分隔平面中转化为热量。上部的构件虽然通过它的内部的减震被加热，但是不会熔化。由此，一方面减少了作用到下部的构件上的热量，另一方面用于力引入的有效的连接面被从点状变成线状和/或面状的连接。结果，对于聚烯烃的材料的无草图的连接在3.0mm的壁厚下也是可能的。缺陷处的产生因此可被阻止。
在该说明中，上部的构件和附加件以及下部的构件和构件的概念表示相同的内容。超声焊极被安放到构件上或到上部的构件上，以便将位于附加件下面的构件与附加件焊接。
作为扭转的焊接已知的超声波焊接技术需要高的挤压力。特别在表面被前面的工作步骤轻微污染的情况下，经常达不到焊接物(Schweissgut)所需要的温度，而其变形并且阻碍紧密的连接。此外，液化的材料由高的挤压力从焊接部位的区域中压出。结果是带有不好的粘附的冷的焊接部位。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于说明一种根据权利要求1的方法，利用该方法在焊接过程期间在焊接面处提高了熔融物的量和停留时间并且由此局部上达到用于产生所需要的连接质量的所需要的熔化温度和作用持续时间。此外应说明了附加件，其通过合适的结构上的措施使在它的焊接区域处紧密的焊接成为可能。此外，焊接应也应在轻微污染的情况下是可能的。
根据本发明，关于该方法的目的由此来实现，即作为接合元件使用大致垂直于焊接区域延伸的伸出部(Auskragung)，其这样布置，使得熔融物基本上保持在焊接面上。如在试验中所示，当前确保两个构件的焊接，在其中，不仅所需要的挤压力被确保用于超声波的接合，而且阻止熔融物从焊接面中被直接挤出。伸出部因此这样来布置，使得减少或阻止熔融物的挤出。
在本发明的一个改进方案中，熔融物在相邻的伸出部下面转向或者两个平行产生的熔融流(Schmelzfluss)彼此相对转向。也可有目的地在相邻的伸出部下面引导产生的熔融流，其仍被熔化。在该情况中称作牺牲-伸出部。如果两个平行产生的熔融流被彼此相对转向时，则形成熔融物的贮藏池。
接下来根据本发明说明了附加件，其通过合适的结构上的措施在它的焊接区域处使紧密的焊接成为可能。
说明了带有至少一个设置用于与构件焊接的焊接区域的附加件，其中，利用本身已知的扭转的超声波焊接方法的焊接应利用用于将产生焊接过程的振动传递到待焊接的附加件上的超声焊极来实现，其中，该附加件具有用于超声焊极的振动的接合的接合面并且附加件在它的面向在构件上的所设置的焊接面的焊接区域上设有用于接合由超声焊极感应的振动的接合元件，其在焊接过程中熔化并且因此将附加件与构件焊接。
根据本发明，接合元件为大致垂直于焊接区域延伸的伸出部。
在本发明的设计方案中，伸出部为肋部或块状物(Noppe)。
在一个实施形式中，伸出部形成带有中断部(Unterbrechung)的突出的链条。该带有中断部的突出的链条可这样布置在焊接区域上，使得熔融流保持在焊接面的区域中并且不被挤出。
对于带有环形的焊接区域的附加件，伸出部优选地为两个同轴地布置的环，其限制环形的焊接区域。处于同轴地布置的环之内的熔融物由于环可不被从焊接区域中挤出。
对于刚才所说明的补充，伸出部的几何结构或相应的肋部几何结构径向地在直径处被中断，以便一方面提供用于焊接物的空间并且另一方面改善一种用于可能的污染物的穿透或轻微地“埋入”到实际的构件表面中的锯齿效应(Saegeeffekt)。这优选地可应用在形成环并且包围焊接区域的伸出部中。
为了熔融流的转向，伸出部在横截面中可构造成三角形、M形、楔形、梯形或波形。
附图说明
接下来，另外根据附图详细地阐述本发明。
具体实施方式
在扭转的超声波焊接方法(参见图5)中，使用了用于传递产生焊接过程的振动的超声焊极(在附图中未示出)，其安放到待焊接的附加件1上到接合面10上。待焊接的构件1在该说明书中也被称作上部件，而应被与附加件1焊接的构件2也被称作下部件。在焊接过程中，超声焊极的振动被传递到焊接面3上并且因此将附加件1与构件2焊接。不仅附加件而且构件为塑料件。附加件1在所有这里所显示的附图中为支架，其焊接在作为构件2的保险杠处。支架用于容纳超声波停车传感器(未示出)。对此，附加件1具有用于容纳超声波停车传感器的孔5。利用箭头6在图5中标出振动，其由超声焊极在焊接过程中产生。
优选地，根据本发明的方法和附加件1使用在汽车领域中并且在那里优选地使用在由塑料制成的外部件和内部件处。一个优选的应用形式为附加件1焊接在机动车的可见的外部件处。例如，利用该方法可将附加件1焊接到例如保险杠或车轮罩处。
附加件1或上部件根据本发明已经在制造时这样来构造，使得其可无问题地利用本发明的方法焊接到构件2或下部件处。因为上部件的该匹配是可见的，所以可评价其是否为根据本发明的方法的应用而准备。
图1d显示了作为附加件1用于容纳传感器的传感器容纳元件，其应利用扭转的超声波焊接方法与作为构件2的保险杠焊接。传感器容纳装置或附加件1在这里为上部件，而作为构件2的保险杆为下部件。在焊接过程中，柱形的扭转超声焊极(未显示)被安放到接合面10上。扭转超声焊极的振动由此经由接合面10被传递到传感器容纳元件上并且通过传感器容纳元件传递到下部件、保险杠上并且因此将上部件与下部件焊接。上部件和下部件为塑料件。
在附图1a、1b、1c、1e、1f、1g、1h中以不同的实施形式显示了在附加件1(即靠在构件2(也参见图5)上的部件)的下侧上的焊接区域11。图1a显示了两个环形的伸出部12，其相应地形成环4，其彼此同轴地布置在附加件1的焊接区域11上。在该实施形式中，环4在横截面中构造成矩形并且具有尖部。环4在焊接过程中靠在构件2上的焊接面3上并且限制焊接空间7。图1b同样显示了两个环4，其在横截面中构造成三角形并且同样限制焊接空间7。焊接空间7在焊接过程中用作用于熔融物的贮藏池或存储空间。在环4之间，通过两个环4的熔融而产生的两个熔融流相遇并且因此可不被挤出。
图1c显示了两个同轴的环4，其在横截面中构造为彼此相对放置的锥体。其形成三个焊接空间7。图1e在附加件1的下侧上的焊接区域上显示了作为伸出部三个环形的肋部或环4，其彼此同轴地布置。由此，形成两个用于容纳熔融流的收集空间、存储空间或焊接空间。图1f显示了两个环4，其在横截面中经由曲线彼此交织。这里，在环4之间也布置有收集空间。图1g显示了作为环4的在截面中为矩形的肋部，而图1h显示了现有技术。
图2a、b显示了从作为构件2的保险杠对附加件1(即仅带有作为环4的环绕的突出的伸出部12的传感器容纳元件)的焊接区域11观察的简化的视图。根据本发明，在本发明的设计方案中，环绕的环4径向地在直径处中断。该中断部以附图标记8来标识。原理上，环4或者环绕的肋部形成一种冠状钻头(Kronenbohrer)，如其在图2b中所示，以便一方面提供用于焊接物或熔融物的空间并且另一方面改善一种用于可能的污染物的穿透或轻微地“埋入”到实际的构件表面中的锯齿效应。
图3a显示了作为带有径向的肋部9的附加件1的传感器容纳元件的从下面的简化视图，其也可被称作焊接肋。图3b显示了梯形的焊接肋9。代替焊接肋，图4a、b显示了带有焊接块13的传感器容纳元件的从下面的简化视图。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于将传感器容纳元件(1)与构件(2)焊接的方法，其中不仅所述传感器容纳元件(1)而且所述构件(2)为用于机动车的塑料件，利用带有用于将产生焊接过程的振动传递到待焊接的所述传感器容纳元件(1)上的超声焊极的本身已知的扭转的超声波焊接方法，其中，所述传感器容纳元件(1)设有用于所述超声焊极的振动的接合的接合面(10)，并且所述传感器容纳元件(1)在面向在所述构件(2)上的焊接面(3)的环形的焊接区域(11)上设有用于接合由所述超声焊极感应的所述振动的接合元件，并且由此在焊接过程中所述接合元件熔化且因此将所述传感器容纳元件(1)与所述构件(2)焊接，其中，作为接合元件使用垂直于所述环形的焊接区域(11)延伸的伸出部(12)，其这样布置，使得熔融物保持在所述焊接面(3)上，并且其中所述伸出部(12)为两个同轴布置的环(4)，其限制所述环形的焊接区域(11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述熔融物被在相邻的伸出部(12)下面转向或者两个平行产生的熔融流被彼此相对转向。
3.一种带有至少一个设置用于与由塑料制成的构件(2)焊接的环形的焊接区域(11)的由塑料制成的附加件(1)，其中，利用本身已知的扭转的超声波焊接方法的焊接应利用用于将产生焊接过程的振动传递到待焊接的所述附加件(1)上的超声焊极来实现，其中，所述附加件(1)具有用于所述超声焊极的振动的接合的接合面(10)，并且所述附加件(1)在它的面向在所述构件(2)上的所设置的焊接面(3)的环形的焊接区域(11)上设有用于接合由所述超声焊极感应的振动的接合元件，其在焊接过程中熔化并且由此将所述附加件(1)与所述构件(2)焊接，其中在应用根据权利要求1或2所述的方法的情况下将所述附加件(1)与所述构件(2)焊接，其特征在于，所述接合元件为垂直于所述焊接区域延伸的伸出部(12)，其中所述附加件为用于机动车的传感器容纳元件，并且其中所述伸出部(12)为两个同轴布置的环(4)，其限制所述环形的焊接区域(11)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的附加件，其特征在于，所述伸出部(12)为肋部或块状物。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的附加件，其特征在于，所述伸出部(12)形成带有中断部的突出的链条。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述的附加件，其特征在于，所述环(4)径向地在直径处中断。
7.根据权利要求3或4所述的附加件，其特征在于，所述伸出部(12)在横截面中构造成三角形、M形、楔形、梯形或波形。
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