CN102009475A - 用于通过扭转超声波焊接与构件连接的附件 - Google Patents

用于通过扭转超声波焊接与构件连接的附件 Download PDF

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CN102009475A
CN102009475A CN2010102508157A CN201010250815A CN102009475A CN 102009475 A CN102009475 A CN 102009475A CN 2010102508157 A CN2010102508157 A CN 2010102508157A CN 201010250815 A CN201010250815 A CN 201010250815A CN 102009475 A CN102009475 A CN 102009475A
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solder joint
sonotrode
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CN102009475B (zh
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D·布克
A·索特纳
H·戈尔斯
R·芬泽尔
A·赫尔芬伯格
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Tasso Nick Holdings
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/081Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations having a component of vibration not perpendicular to the welding surface
    • B29C65/082Angular, i.e. torsional ultrasonic welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3044Bumpers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055Cars

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于通过扭转超声波焊接与构件连接的附件(1),具有至少一个为与构件(3)焊接而设的焊点(2),其中利用已知的扭转超声波焊接方法进行焊接,其中将超声焊极放在焊点(2)上以用于传导产生焊接过程的振动,从而附件(1)与构件(3)之间的分界面(4)熔化并且附件(1)与构件(3)焊接在一起。为了能够采用扭转超声波焊接方式将大尺寸的平面的附件(1)与构件焊接在一起而提出了,附件(1)上的焊点(2)与附件(1)的其余表面在振动技术上是分离的。

Description

用于通过扭转超声波焊接与构件连接的附件
本发明涉及一种附件,具有至少一个为与构件焊接而设的焊点,利用已知的扭转超声波焊接方法进行焊接,其中将超声焊极放在焊点上以用于传导产生焊接过程的振动,从而附件与构件之间的分界面熔化并且附件与构件焊接在一起。
用来使塑料构件连接的一种已有技术就是焊接,为此要利用各种各样的能量输入方法,例如摩擦焊接或者超声波焊接。
尤其在汽车外饰应用领域,由于有若干方法可在注塑成型过程中实现新的材料特性,目前常见的可加工壁厚范围>=3.0mm。由于价格原因,通常所使用的材料是滑石粉增强的聚丙烯。
由于壁厚很薄,能降低构件的成本和重量。但是与其它工程塑料相比,聚丙烯在负荷作用下有蠕变能力,并且具有很小的弹性模量,但是对构件焊接的要求却没有变化,即焊接复合材料构件上每一个焊点的保持力应>200N,因此通常无法以没有缺陷的方式将这些构件连接在一起。有两种影响因素妨碍进行无瑕疵焊接:
1)工艺原因引起的缺陷
透过构件输入熔化能量使得分界面紧密连接,由于存在振动差异,表面会在构件冷却过程中变形而形成缺陷。
2)负荷引起的缺陷
如果构件厚度以及材料的弹性模量太小,焊接时呈点状施加到复合材料构件之中的作用力会在表面上引起可见的变形,表面将在所施加的应力负荷下屈服,并且形成可见的缺陷。
EP 1 930 148 A1以及尚未公布的DE 10 2009 011273 A1均描述了能够防止这种效应的扭转超声波焊接方法,即使得位于超声焊极下方的构件进入超声频率范围的旋转振动。通过上方的构件传递振动,并且在上、下构件之间的分界面中将振动直接转变为热量。上方的构件尽管会因其内部衰减而发热,但却并不熔化。这样一方面可减少作用于下方构件的热量,另一方面还可将用来传递作用力的有效点状连接面转变成直线状和/或者平面状连接。结果也能使壁厚小于3.0mm的聚烯烃材料实现无瑕疵连接,从而能够避免产生缺陷。
本说明书中所述的上方构件和附件以及下方构件和构件均指相同的物体。将超声焊极放在附件或者上方构件上,将位于附件下方的构件与附件焊接在一起。
对现有技术的评价
被称作扭转焊接的超声波焊接技术迄今为止只能应用于比较小而轻的构件。如果要尝试将较大的平面构件置于振动状态,那么面的惯性矩通常会大到无法传导振动的程度。待焊接零件对输入角动量的阻力很大,使得能量不会传递到分界面之中,而是已经在上方构件中释放出能量。超声焊极会在构件上焊住,构件之间的分界面保持未焊接状态,无法使得构件连接。其原因在于,构件的面积在惯性矩方程中是二次项,而构件的质量则与惯性矩成正比。
本发明的任务在于,对按权利要求1前序部分所述的大尺寸的平面的附件进行适当改进,从而能够通过扭转超声波焊接将其与构件焊接在一起。本发明的任务还在于,利用扭矩振动来焊接大尺寸平面零件。
采用权利要求1所述的特征,即可解决这个任务。
按照本发明的建议,附件上的焊点与附件的其余表面在振动技术上(schwingungstechnisch)是分离的(entkoppelt)。这样就会将超声焊极所输入的能量尽可能传递到焊点上,且不会在附件的其余表面中释放能量。这样就能将输入能量尽可能传递到附件与构件之间的分界面上,从而使其熔化,并且将附件与构件焊接在一起。超声焊极不会在附件上焊住。
在第一种实施例中,建议利用减薄和/或者贯穿部分使焊点与其余表面分离,在制造附件时很容易制作这些减薄和/或者贯穿部分。如果是塑料零件,则可以将这些减薄和/或者贯穿部分整合在注塑模具之中。在任何情况下均通过这些减薄和/或者贯穿部分使得焊点与附件的其余表面在振动技术上是分离的。
最好将减薄和/或者贯穿部分同轴布置在焊点周围,从而焊点在所有方向上是分离的。
在一种实施例中,减薄部分是环槽,环槽同轴地围绕焊点。通常应适当选择减薄部位的深度,使得一方面足以起到隔离作用,另一方面又能使得焊点与附件的其余表面具有足够强度。
减薄部位能够在其深度上从初始深度至最终深度始终增加或减小,这样就能精确调整振动特性。
适宜将减薄和/或者贯穿部分相互错置。采用这种措施也能精确调整振动特性。
在另一种首选实施例中,焊点被U形减薄部分或者贯穿部分所包围,这样可使得焊点在一侧与附件的其余表面完全连接。
在另一种实施例中,焊点被沿周向围绕焊点布置且在横断面中弯曲或呈曲折形的减薄部位所包围,焊点因此几乎能够在附件中自由振动,不会将振动传递给附件的其余表面。
在另一种有益的实施例中,建议增大超声焊极与附件之间可用于输入耦合的表面。该表面越大(例如通过外边缘倒圆,表面打磨或者制齿的方式),则超声焊极的作用越好,从而能更好地保证将振动输入耦合到上方构件或者附件之中。
焊点表面以及/或者包围焊点的边缘最好具有相对于平坦表面增大的用于超声焊极的可用的输入耦合面。
最好使附件的在超声焊极放置点区域内的构件形状于不平坦的超声焊极的轮廓相适配,以便更好地输入振动。为此需要调整超声焊极。
适宜采用外边缘倒圆、打磨或者制齿的方式增大超声焊极的输入耦合面。
除了使焊点在振动技术上是分离的以外,或者作为其附加的技术方案,在本发明的一种有益改进实施例中还提出,在焊点的区域内,超声焊极的输入耦合面大于布置在对面一侧的贴附面,附件利用该贴附面贴附在构件上,这样可以使超声焊极紧贴附件,从而将能量更好地传递到分界面上。
附件在与超声焊极放置点对置的一侧最好具有相对于平坦表面减小的贴附面,且最好在贴附面上设置凸起和/或者凹进部分。这样就使得超声焊极贴附面下方或者凸起和/或者凹进部分上方的表面高于周围表面的平面,从而使得有效摩擦面减小,结果就能更加迅速地熔化,且分界面的焊接效果更好。
在汽车上要使用许多塑料构件,例如保险杠或者车轮罩。由于装备规格各异,因此需要将一些附件固定在构件上。保险杠上的这种附件例如有用来安装测距传感器的支架。由于无法将传感器直接固定在保险杠上,因此要使塑料支架与保险杠连接,将传感器插入塑料支架之中。
附件与构件最好用塑料制成,且最好是汽车的内部或外部部件。所述构件例如有保险杠、尾门、挡泥板、车门、侧壁、车顶或者底板。所述附件例如有用来安装测距装置的支架。
焊接部位最好布置在涂装外表面的下方。
与以上所述一样,EP 1 930 148 A1也描述了一种扭转超声波焊接方法。所谓扭转指的是超声焊极围绕其纵轴线或者扭转轴线振动,也就是说,超声焊极执行一种围绕扭转轴线且基本上垂直于焊缝平面的扭转运动。扭转轴线基本上平行于用来将超声焊极压向附件的作用力轴线。
以下将根据附图对本发明进行详细解释。
附图1~10所示为本发明所述的附件1,具有与附件1剩余部分在振动技术上分离的焊点2。除了附图2之外,子图a中均有布置在焊点2周围的局部减薄部分5,从而将焊点2与附件1的其余部分在振动技术上是分离的。
除了附图2之外,附图1~10的子图b中均有布置在焊点2周围的局部贯穿部分6,从而焊点2与附件1的其余部分在振动技术上是分离的。这些实施例均与附图a所示的实施例相同,替代减薄部分5布置在焊点2周围的贯穿部分6则除外。
附图1a中的减薄部分5同轴错开布置在焊点1周围,其深度从初始深度7逐渐增大或减小至最终深度8。附图1b所示的贯穿部分6同样也是同轴错开布置在焊点1周围。
附图3a所示为呈放射状布置在焊点2周围的径向减薄部分5。附图3b所示则为呈放射状布置在焊点2周围的贯穿部分6。
附图4a和4b所示为各自相互错开布置、并且部分与焊点2相切的长形棒状减薄部分5和贯穿部分6。
附图5a和5b所示为相对于焊点2呈径向布置的月牙形减薄部分5和贯穿部分6。
附图6a和6b所示为U形减薄部分5和U形贯穿部分6,焊点2处在U形减薄部分5和贯穿部分6的三条边之间。
附图7a和7b所示为四个长形棒状减薄部分5和贯穿部分6,这些部分均平行于焊点2的侧边,且其长度分别为焊点2侧边的长度。
附图8a和8b所示为四个长形棒状减薄部分5和贯穿部分6,与附图7a、7b所示的一样,但是在焊点2的角部还有径向延伸的减薄部分11。
附图9a和9b所示为布置在焊点2周围的三个月牙形减薄部分5和贯穿部分6,附件1的其余部分通过同样也是月牙形的连接片12与焊点2相连。
在附图10a和10b中将附图9a、9b所示的三个月牙形减薄部分5和贯穿部分6与附图1a、1b所示的同轴减薄部分和贯穿部分组合在一起。
附图2a所示为沿周向围绕焊点2布置且横断面呈波浪形的减薄部分5。附图2b所示为沿周向围绕焊点2布置且在横断面中呈曲折形的减薄部分5。也适宜采用呈手风琴状的减薄部分5。
附图11所示为本发明所述的附件1,具有环槽形式围绕焊点2同轴布置的减薄部分5。将附件1放在构件3上进行焊接。分界面4构成附件1与构件3的接触区。将超声焊极置于焊点2上,即可利用扭转超声波焊接法进行焊接。通过超声焊极输入能量之后,分界面4就会熔化,将附件1与构件3焊接在一起。按照附图标记14所示的曲线吸收超声焊极输入的能量。从图中可以看出,在减薄部分5之外的同轴区域仅吸收很少能量。在焊点2区域内局部输入较高的能量,从而适当改变焊点的振动特性,使其与附件1的周围区域在振动技术上是分离的,并且使得超声焊极独立于周围区域进入振动状态,然后才能进行焊接。
专业人士均知道,可以采用任意多个贯穿部分6和/或者减薄部分5,只要能保证实现在振动技术上是分离的即可。
在另一种有益的实施例中,建议增大超声焊极与附件之间可用于隔离的表面。该表面越大,则超声焊极的作用越好,并且能更好地保证将振动输入耦合到附件之中。因此焊点表面以及/或者包围焊点的边缘最好具有比平坦表面更大的可用于超声焊极的输入耦合面。最好使附件在超声焊极放置点区域内的构件形状适合于不平整超声焊极的轮廓,为此必须对超声焊极进行调整。还可以在没有按照本发明所述即附件1上的焊点2与附件1的其余表面在振动技术上是分离的的情况下使用这种实施方式。
附图12所示为放在构件3上用于进行焊接的附件1。为了增大输入耦合面9,增大了焊点9的表面和/或者其边缘区域。如图所示,焊点2适宜呈漏斗形,具有中间平坦的平面14和内凹的外表面15。如果输入耦合面9大于作用面16,则特别有益。所谓作用面16指的是超声焊极或者焊点2贴附面下方的平面,也就是背向超声焊极的附件1底面上的平面。
附图13所示的附件1具有中间平坦的平面14,该平面过渡成为超声焊极的几乎平坦的贴附面17,并且具有凸起的边缘区域18。这里的输入耦合面9也大于作用面16。还可以在没有按照本发明所述即附件1上的焊点2与附件1的其余表面在振动技术上是分离的的情况下使用这种实施方式。
在附图14所示的实施例中,超声焊极放置点对面一侧上的作用面16具有比平坦面更小的贴附面。为了实现这一点,在作用面16上设置了一些凸起部分10,附件1借助这些凸起部分10紧贴在构件3上,这样就减小了有效摩擦面,结果就能更加迅速地熔化,且分界面的焊接效果更好。使得超声焊极贴附面下方的表面高于周围表面的平面,这样就减小了有效摩擦面。还可以在没有按照本发明所述即附件1上的焊点2与附件1的其余表面在振动技术上是分离的的情况下使用这种实施方式。
所述附件适宜应用于汽车领域,且适宜应用在塑料制成的外侧或内侧部件上。一种首选实施方式是将附件焊接在汽车的可见外部部件上。例如可以利用这种方法,将附件焊接在例如保险杠或者车轮罩上。
可在制造过程中已经适当形成了附件,从而能够毫无问题地利用扭转超声波焊接方法将其焊接在构件上。由于可以看见附件是否匹配,因此能够评判这些附件是否适合超声波焊接应用。

Claims (15)

1.附件(1),具有至少一个为与构件(3)焊接而设的焊点(2),其中利用已知的扭转超声波焊接方法进行焊接,其中将超声焊极放在焊点(2)上以用于传导产生焊接过程的振动,从而附件(1)与构件(3)之间的分界面(4)熔化并且附件(1)与构件(3)焊接在一起,其特征在于,附件(1)上的焊点(2)与附件(1)的其余表面在振动技术上是分离的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的附件,其特征在于,利用减薄部分(5)和/或者贯穿部分(6)使得焊点(2)与其余表面分离。
3.根据权利要求2所述的附件,其特征在于,减薄部分(5)和/或者贯穿部分(6)同轴地围绕焊点(2)设置。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,减薄部分(5)是环槽。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,减薄部分(5)在其深度上从初始深度(7)至最终深度(8)始终增加或减小。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,减薄部分(5)和/或者贯穿部分(6)相互错开地布置。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,焊点(2)被U形减薄部分(5)或者贯穿部分(6)所包围。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,焊点(2)被沿周向布置在焊点(2)周围且在横断面中弯曲或者呈曲折形的减薄部分所包围。
9.尤其根据权利要求1~8中任一项所述的附件(1),具有至少一个为与构件(3)焊接而设的焊点(2),其中利用已知的扭转超声波焊接方法进行焊接,其中将超声焊极放在焊点(2)上以用于传导产生焊接过程的振动,从而附件(1)与构件(3)之间的分界面(4)熔化并且附件(1)与构件(3)焊接在一起,其特征在于,在焊点(2)的区域内,超声焊极的输入耦合面大于布置在对面一侧的贴附面,附件(1)能够利用该贴附面贴附在构件(3)上。
10.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,焊点(2)的表面以及/或者围绕焊点(2)的边缘具有相对于平坦表面增大的用于超声焊极的可用的输入耦合面(9)。
11.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,附件(1)的在超声焊极放置点区域内的构件形状与不平坦的超声焊极的轮廓相适配。
12.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,采用外边缘倒圆、打磨或者制齿的方式增大超声焊极的输入耦合面(9)。
13.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,附件(1)在与超声焊极放置点对置的一侧具有相对于平坦面减小的贴附面,且优选在该贴附面上布置凸起部分(10)和/或者凹进部分。
14.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,附件(1)与构件(3)均用塑料制成,并且优选是汽车的内部或外部部件。
15.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的附件,其特征在于,焊接部位布置在涂装外表面的下方。
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