CN102560878A - 磁共振成像相容性导管 - Google Patents

磁共振成像相容性导管 Download PDF

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CN102560878A
CN102560878A CN2011104113471A CN201110411347A CN102560878A CN 102560878 A CN102560878 A CN 102560878A CN 2011104113471 A CN2011104113471 A CN 2011104113471A CN 201110411347 A CN201110411347 A CN 201110411347A CN 102560878 A CN102560878 A CN 102560878A
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A·戈瓦里
C·T·比克勒
A·帕佩约亚诺
A·加西亚
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Abstract

本发明涉及磁共振成像相容性导管。本发明公开了一种方法，所述方法包括将圆柱形碳纤维经过压机，以制备平坦的带。所述方法还包括将多股所述平坦的带编织在一起以形成圆柱形编织物。

Description

磁共振成像相容性导管
技术领域
本发明整体涉及侵入性探针，具体地讲，涉及制备一种磁共振成像相容性导管的工艺。
背景技术
宽泛的医疗手术范围涉及在体内设置诸如传感器、管、导管、分配设备和植入物等物体。当将安装有位置传感器的医疗探针设置到体内时，正被治疗的体腔的参照图像通常呈现在显示器上。参照图像有助于医学专业人员将探针定位到合适位置。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例提供一种方法，该方法包括，
使圆柱形碳纤维经过压机，以制备平坦的带；以及
将多股所述平坦的带编织在一起以产生圆柱形编织物。
通常，所述压机包括辊压机。在一个实施例中，所述碳纤维具有不大于500μm的直径。
在公开的实施例中，所述方法包括将使圆柱形碳纤维经过压机的步骤重复一次或多次，直至所述平坦的带符合定义的尺寸规格。通常，所述尺寸规格定义了宽度不大于500μm且厚度不大于500μm的矩形。
在一个替代形式的实施例中，所述圆柱形编织物是柔性的。通常，所述方法包括：将所述柔性的圆柱形编织物切割为预定义切割长度，从而产生一段；采用柔性的生物相容性外皮覆盖所述段；以及将一个或多个功能性元件定位在所述切割长度的编织物中，从而制备磁共振成像相容性医疗探针。
所述一个或多个功能性元件的每个可选自由电极、位置传感器、力传感器、线缆和管材构成的列表。所述磁共振成像相容性探针通常仅由非磁性材料构成。
根据本发明的实施例，还提供了一种医疗探针，其具有近端和远端，并且包括：
柔性圆柱形编织物，所述柔性圆柱形编织物由多股平坦的碳带编织而成；
柔性生物相容性外皮，所述柔性生物相容性外皮形成在所述编织物上；以及
一个或多个功能性元件，所述一个或多个功能性元件在所述探针的所述近端和所述远端之间在所述编织物中延伸。
通常，所述探针仅包括非磁性材料。
所述一个或多个功能性元件的每个可选自由电极、位置传感器、力传感器、线缆和管材构成的列表。通常，所述平坦的碳带具有定义为宽度不大于500μm且厚度不大于500μm的矩形的尺寸规格。
根据本发明的实施例，还提供了一种方法，所述方法包括：
由多股平坦的碳带编织柔性圆柱形编织物；
在所述编织物上形成柔性生物相容性外皮，以制备具有近端和远端的探针；以及
在所述探针的所述近端和所述远端之间在所述编织物中延伸一个或多个功能性元件。
根据本发明的实施例，还提供了一种方法，所述方法包括：
在由多股平坦的碳带编织的柔性圆柱形编织物上形成柔性生物相容性外皮，以制备具有近端和远端的探针；以及
在所述探针的所述近端和所述远端之间在所述编织物中延伸一个或多个功能性元件。
附图说明
本文参照附图，仅以举例说明的方式描述本发明，在附图中：
图1A是根据本发明实施例的用于制备碳带的设备的示图；
图1B是根据本发明实施例的用于制备碳带编织物的编织设备的示图；
图1C是根据本发明实施例的通过所述编织设备制备的编织物的放大示图；
图2是示意性地示出根据本发明实施例制备磁共振成像(MRI)相容性探针的方法的流程图；以及
图3是示出根据本发明实施例的MRI-相容性探针的远端的示意性细部图。
具体实施方式
在一些医疗手术中，磁共振成像(MRI)用于帮助身体详细内部结构的可视化。为了利用MRI产生图像，MRI系统中的射频发送器发送电磁场。响应于所述电磁场，身体中的细胞发送通过扫描仪检测到的电磁信号。随后基于接收到的电磁信号产生MRI图像。
由于MRI利用强磁场，因此被观察的区域中的任何磁性材料可使MRI图像变形。在某些情况下，将身体内的磁性物体暴露给MRI的强磁场可对患者造成创伤(由于暴露到所述磁场的所述磁性物体的运动)。
诸如导管的医疗探针通常为了机械强度而含有编织的钢增强层。然而，这种类型的钢层当暴露到来自前述MRI系统的强磁场时会产生有问题的效果。
本发明的实施例提供了制备碳带的方法和设备，所述碳带当被编织时可用于制备以圆柱形碳编织物作为增强层的医疗探针。在一些实施例中，圆柱形碳纤维被传送通过诸如辊压机的压机，从而产生平坦的薄碳带。随后所述带被编织成圆柱形编织物，其可用作碳编织探针的增强层。
利用本发明实施例制备的碳编织探针通常在强度和柔韧性方面与钢编织探针相容，并且不受MRI的磁场的影响。此外，除利用MRI的手术之外，碳编织探针可用作其它用途。例如，在多导管手术中，导管中的非磁性碳编织物可有助于减少磁场干扰，否则磁场干扰可影响其它导管的位置和力测量结果。
系统说明
图1A是根据本发明实施例用于制备碳带36的设备20的示图。操作员24将圆柱形碳纤维26插入辊压机28，并旋转手柄30以使碳纤维前进通过所述辊压机。在一些实施例中，碳纤维26可具有大约50μm和大约500μm之间的直径。
辊压机28包括两个辊32、手柄30和压力标度盘34。旋转压力标度盘34增大或减小所述两个辊之间的距离。手柄30结合到辊32之一或二者。操作员24旋转手柄30(在图1A示出的实例中，逆时针旋转)，将碳纤维在两个辊之间传送，从而产生平坦的薄碳带36。作为另外一种选择，辊压机28可包括结合到辊32之一或二者的电机，以将碳纤维26在所述两个辊之间传送。利用直径如上所述的碳带，通过辊压机28制备的带38的尺寸规格的宽度在50μm和500μm之间，并且厚度在50μm和500μm之间。在一些实施例中，操作员24可同时将多根碳纤维26插入辊压机28中，从而制备多根平坦的碳带36。
图1B是编织设备38的图示，并且图1C是根据本发明实施例的通过所述编织设备制备的编织物48的放大示图。编织设备38被构造为将带36生产为圆柱形碳编织物22。随着转轮40将柔性塑料管材42传送通过编织机，编织机械结构44传送来自多个线轴46的多根带36并围绕所述塑料管材编织编织物48(图1C)，从而制备圆柱形碳编织物22。
制备MRI-相容性导管
图2是示意性地示出根据本发明实施例制备磁共振成像(MRI)相容性探针的方法的流程图。在初始步骤50中，操作员24定义碳带36的尺寸规格(即，长度和宽度)的范围。所述范围通常基于碳带36的规格，其可包括不同尺寸的带。应该理解，本领域普通技术人员可确定带的合适尺寸范围，而不用做不必要的实验。
在压缩步骤51中，操作员24将圆柱形碳纤维26插入辊压机28，其中辊32压缩碳纤维，从而制备碳带36。在比较步骤52中，如果带36不符合在步骤50中定义的尺寸规格(即，宽度和厚度)，则方法返回到步骤51。通常，可需要多次经过压机28以符合定义的尺寸规格。
然而，如果带36符合定义的尺寸规格，则在编织步骤54中，操作员24将带卷绕到编织设备38的线轴46上，所述编织设备随后将所述带编织为圆柱形碳编织物22。在第一探针制备步骤56中，操作员24将编织物22切割成预定义切割长度，以产生一段编织物并且该段覆盖柔性的、绝缘的、生物相容性材料(在本文中还称为外皮)。最终，在第二探针制备步骤58中，操作员24在编织物中定位诸如线缆和/或管材的功能性元件，从而制备MRI-相容性探针，其中所述功能性元件通常在所述探针的近端和远端之间延伸。
图3是根据本发明实施例的MRI-相容性探针60的示意性侧视图。具体地讲，图3示出了用于生成心电活动标测图的探针60的功能元件。探针远端顶端66处的电极64感测心脏组织内的电信号。作为另外一种选择，沿探针长度的多个电极(未示出)可用于此目的。电极64通常由金属材料(例如铂/铱合金或另一种合适的材料)制成。
位置传感器68产生指示远端顶端66的位置坐标的信号。位置传感器68可包括电极，其中所述电极和布置在患者体外的额外电极之间的电阻被测量，以确定所述电极的位置。在替代形式的实施例中，位置传感器68可包括三线圈位置传感器(例如，如在Biosense Webster，Inc.(Diamond Bar，California)生产的CARTOTM系统中实施的位置传感器)或超声位置传感器。虽然图3示出了具有单个位置传感器的探针，但本发明的实施例可以采用具有不止一个位置传感器的探针。
力传感器70通过产生指示远端顶端66施加到组织上的压力的信号，从而感测远端顶端66和心内组织之间的接触。
探针60被生物相容性柔性外皮72覆盖。外皮72在图3中被示出为切开的，以暴露出被所述外皮覆盖的圆柱形碳编织物22。在本发明的实施例中，功能性元件(例如，电极64、位置传感器68、力传感器70和任何线缆)位于外皮72中，并在探针的远端62和近端74之间延伸。功能性元件通常利用非磁性材料构成。利用诸如以上描述的铂/铱合金的非磁性材料使得探针60成为MRI-相容性的。
应当理解上述实施例仅是举例方式的援引，本发明并不限于上文具体示出和描述的内容。更确切地说，本发明的范围包括上述各种特征的组合和子组合、以及本领域技术人员在阅读上述说明书时可能想到的并且现有技术中未公开的变型形式和修改形式。

Claims (18)

1.一种方法，所述方法包括：
使圆柱形碳纤维经过压机，以制备平坦的带；以及
将多股所述平坦的带编织在一起以产生圆柱形编织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述压机包括辊压机。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述碳纤维具有不大于500μm的直径。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括将使圆柱形碳纤维经过压机的步骤重复一次或多次，直至所述平坦的带符合定义的尺寸规格。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中所述尺寸规格定义了宽度不大于500μm且厚度不大于500μm的矩形。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述圆柱形编织物是柔性的。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，还包括：
将所述柔性的圆柱形编织物切割为预定义切割长度，从而产生一段；
采用柔性的生物相容性外皮覆盖所述段；以及
将一个或多个功能性元件定位在所述切割长度的编织物中，从而制备磁共振成像相容性医疗探针。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述一个或多个功能性元件的每个选自由电极、位置传感器、力传感器、线缆和管材构成的列表。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述磁共振成像相容性探针仅包括非磁性材料。
10.一种医疗探针，所述医疗探针具有近端和远端，并包括：
柔性圆柱形编织物，所述柔性圆柱形编织物由多股平坦的碳带编织而成；
柔性生物相容性外皮，所述柔性生物相容性外皮形成在所述编织物上；以及
一个或多个功能性元件，所述一个或多个功能性元件在所述探针的所述近端和所述远端之间在所述编织物中延伸。
11.根据权利要求10所述的医疗探针，其中所述探针仅包括非磁性材料。
12.根据权利要求10所述的医疗探针，其中所述一个或多个功能性元件的每个选自由电极、位置传感器、力传感器、线缆和管材构成的列表。
13.根据权利要求10所述的医疗探针，其中所述平坦的碳带具有定义为宽度不大于500μm且厚度不大于500μm的矩形的尺寸规格。
14.一种方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
将多股平坦的碳带编织成柔性圆柱形编织物；
在所述编织物上形成柔性生物相容性外皮，以制备具有近端和远端的探针；以及
在所述探针的所述近端和所述远端之间在所述编织物中延伸一个或多个功能性元件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述探针仅包括非磁性材料。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述一个或多个功能性元件的每个选自由电极、位置传感器、力传感器、线缆和管材构成的列表。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述平坦的碳带具有定义为宽度不大于500μm且厚度不大于500μm的矩形的尺寸规格。
18.一种方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
在由多股平坦的碳带编织的柔性圆柱形编织物上形成柔性生物相容性外皮，以制备具有近端和远端的探针；以及
在所述探针的所述近端和所述远端之间在所述编织物中延伸一个或多个功能性元件。
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